CN109506687A - A kind of measuring system and measurement method for dynamic test - Google Patents
A kind of measuring system and measurement method for dynamic test Download PDFInfo
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- CN109506687A CN109506687A CN201811599494.4A CN201811599494A CN109506687A CN 109506687 A CN109506687 A CN 109506687A CN 201811599494 A CN201811599494 A CN 201811599494A CN 109506687 A CN109506687 A CN 109506687A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910013637 LiNbO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000896 Manganin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
- G01D5/35309—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
- G01D5/35316—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Bragg gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/36—Forming the light into pulses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measuring systems and measurement method for dynamic test, belong to fiber optic sensor technology research field, the measurement suitable for surge and 50 μ ε -50000 μ ε dynamic strains from 10MPa~7GPa.The system comprises: wideband light source, circulator, FBG sensor, Double-edged filter demodulator, photoelectric detector, oscilloscope, coupler.Dynamic test pressure proposed by the present invention and strain measurement system and method use the demodulation of Double-edged filter in demodulation part, the demodulation method has directly filtered out the shake of the light source intensity in measurement process, optical path splitting ratio is uneven, optical path and FBG influence bragg wavelength demodulation by light intensity variation caused by the pressure factors such as bending deformation and destructive process, FBG pressure/strain transducer system comprising dynamic test (containing impact test), with the response time being exceedingly fast and very wide pressure/strain measurement range, it is particularly suitable for dynamic test (containing Shock wave physics) and hydromechanical research field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fiber optic sensor technology research fields, and in particular to a kind of for dynamic test pressure and strain
Measuring system and method based on FBG, suitable for the surge and 50 μ ε -50000 μ ε dynamic strains from 10MPa~7GPa
Measurement.
Background technique
Existing surge sensor includes manganin gauge and PVDF thin film, LiNbO2, quartz crystal equipressure fax
Sensor and Active Optical Fiber pressure sensor.Wherein, the upper limit value of manganin pressure gage is in 50GPa and time response can only most arrive fastly
20ns or so；Though the piezoelectric transducers such as quartz crystal, LiNbO2 have faster response, to be undergone phase transition in 3-4GPa,
Limit its use scope；PVDF piezometer is typically used for 2GPa fields of measurement below；Active Optical Fiber pressure sensor
It is only used for 0.5GPa pressure measurement below and the response time is fastly most Microsecond grade, be not able to satisfy wanting for surge test
It asks.And existing type of dynamic strain sensor is based primarily upon resistance-type and semiconductor strain gauge, the dynamic strain measurement based on FBG is rung
0.1ms will not be less than between seasonable.
In addition, American G.Rodriguez was reported in 2014 combines photodetector based on wavelength division multiplexer light splitting
Array and based on wavelength-time map time-stretching combination high-speed signal acquisition FBG dynamic pressure measurement technology, wherein first
Kind technology is limited to wavelength division multiplexer number, and spectral resolution is very low, and second of technology sample rate is limited to the light source pulse period,
Temporal resolution is limited, and in addition two kinds of technologies are not successfully applied to the report of shock wave pressure measurement.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is: in order to overcome the measurement for surge and ultra dynamic strain in the prior art
Deficiency provides a kind of for pressure in dynamic test and the measuring system and measurement method based on FBG of strain.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of measuring system for dynamic test, the system comprises: wideband light source (1), circulator (2), FBG sensing
Device (3), Double-edged filter demodulator (4), photodetector (5), oscillograph (6), coupler (7)；The wideband light source (1),
Circulator (2), FBG sensor (3) are sequentially connected and connect, and circulator (2) also with coupler (7), Double-edged filter demodulator
(4), photodetector (5), oscillograph (6) are sequentially connected.
Further, the FBG sensor (3) is fiber Bragg grating sensor, and center sensor wavelength is
1530nm-1560nm, grid region length are less than 4mm；
The photodetector (5) and oscillograph (6) are for carrying out data acquisition, the wherein rising of photodetector (5)
Time is less than 1 microsecond, analog bandwidth >=1MHz of oscillograph (6), sample rate >=5MSa/s.
Further, the Double-edged filter demodulator (4) is differential type optical fiber boundary filter, includes two optics filters
The transmitted light intensity of wave device, a filter is directly proportional to lambda1-wavelength, the transmitted light intensity and incident light wave of another filter
Length is inversely proportional, and FBG bragg wavelength displacement region is in filter skirt linear zone, makes the response light of two optical filters
It is displaced with Prague central wavelength into positive/negative ratio by force.
Further, using the FBG/ of excision tail optical fiber with the FBG of tail optical fiber as FBG sensor (3), in dynamic pressure/answer
Under the action of change, the reflective Bragg wavelength of FBG sensor (3) can be subjected to displacement, at this time by the reflected light of FBG sensor (3)
It is divided into two-way after 1 × 2 coupler (7), is respectively fed to transmitted light intensity in Double-edged filter demodulator (4) and grows up to incident light wave
Two optical filters of positive/negative ratio, the emergent light of two filters enter photodetector (5), utilize photodetector (5)
M- intensity when light pulse being converted to electric pulse, and recording the electric pulse to obtain corresponding using high-speed oscilloscope (6)
Signal obtains dynamic pressure/strain time progress curve finally by calibration experiment data and difference algorithm.
Further, when carrying out pressure measurement, the FBG sensor (3) for cutting off tail optical fiber is put perpendicular to shock front
It sets；When carrying out strain measurement, the FBG sensor (3) with tail optical fiber is affixed on measured object surface.
On the other hand the present invention also provides a kind of measurement method for dynamic test, the method includes following steps
It is rapid:
Step S1 will cut off the FBG sensor (3) or magnetic tape trailer of tail optical fiber according to surge or the selection of the measurement demand of strain
Fine FBG sensor (3)；
Wideband light source (1), circulator (2), FBG sensor (3) are sequentially connected and are connect by step S2, while by circulator (2)
It is sequentially connected with coupler (7), Double-edged filter demodulator (4), photodetector (5), oscillograph (6)；
Step S3, broad spectrum light source (1), which is opened, is incident on light source FBG sensor (3) by circulator (2), and FBG is passed
The return light of sensor (3) is divided into two-way by coupler (7) and enters in Double-edged filter demodulator 4；
Step S4, after the two-way emergent light of the Double-edged filter demodulator (4) enters photodetector (5), detection and
M- intensity electrical signals when being converted to corresponding, by nominal data and carry out Difference Calculation obtain surge or strain with
The performance graph of time development, and recording and displaying is carried out by oscillograph (6).
Further, the FBG sensor is fiber Bragg grating sensor, center sensor wavelength 1530nm-
1560nm, grid region length are less than 4mm；
The photodetector (5) and oscillograph (6) are for carrying out data acquisition, the wherein rising of photodetector (5)
Time is less than 1 microsecond, analog bandwidth >=1MHz of oscillograph (6), sample rate >=5MSa/s.
Further, the Double-edged filter demodulator (4) is differential type optical fiber boundary filter, and it includes two optics
The transmitted light intensity of filter, a filter is directly proportional to lambda1-wavelength, the transmitted light intensity and incident light of another filter
Wavelength is inversely proportional, and FBG bragg wavelength displacement region is in filter skirt linear zone, makes the response of two optical filters
Light intensity and Prague central wavelength are displaced into positive/negative ratio.
Further, using the FBG/ of excision tail optical fiber with the FBG of tail optical fiber as FBG sensor (3), in dynamic pressure/answer
Under the action of change, the reflective Bragg wavelength of FBG sensor (3) can be subjected to displacement, at this time by the reflected light of FBG sensor (3)
It is divided into two-way after 1 × 2 coupler (7), is respectively fed to transmitted light intensity in Double-edged filter demodulator (4) and grows up to incident light wave
Two optical filters of positive/negative ratio, the emergent light of two filters enter photodetector (5), utilize photodetector (5)
M- intensity when light pulse being converted to electric pulse, and recording the electric pulse to obtain corresponding using high-speed oscilloscope (6)
Signal obtains dynamic pressure/strain time progress curve finally by calibration experiment data and difference algorithm.
Further, when carrying out pressure measurement, the FBG sensor (3) for cutting off tail optical fiber is put perpendicular to shock front
It sets；When carrying out strain measurement, the FBG sensor (3) with tail optical fiber is affixed on measured object surface.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the measuring system and method proposed by the present invention for carrying out dynamic test pressure and strain based on FBG pressure sensor
The surge that can measure 10MPa to 7GPa and 50 μ ε -50000 μ ε dynamic strains are realized, and the response time exists
Within 10ns, performance indicator is much better than the prior art；
2. proposed by the present invention existed based on FBG pressure sensor progress dynamic test pressure and strain measurement system and method
Demodulation part use Double-edged filter demodulation, the demodulation method directly filtered out the light source intensity in measurement process shake,
Optical path splitting ratio is uneven, optical path and FBG by light intensity variation caused by the pressure factors such as bending deformation and destructive process to cloth
The influence of glug Wavelength demodulation.
3. proposed by the present invention carry out dynamic test pressure and strain measurement system and method based on FBG pressure sensor,
FBG pressure/strain transducer system comprising dynamic test (containing impact test), has the response time being exceedingly fast and very wide pressure
Power/strain measurement range is particularly suitable for dynamic test (containing Shock wave physics) and hydromechanical research field.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will illustrate by embodiment and with reference to the appended drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 is dynamic test measuring system schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is dynamic test measurement method schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 m- pressure dependence performance graph when being the surge obtained using scheme measurement provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 m- strain stress relation performance graph when being the Hopkinson bar obtained using scheme measurement provided by the invention.
Wherein, 1- wideband light source, 2- circulator, 3-FBG sensor, 4- Double-edged filter demodulator, 5- photodetector,
6- oscillograph, 7- coupler.
Specific embodiment
It is right below with reference to attached drawing of the invention in order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention
Technical solution of the present invention carries out clear, complete description, and based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art exist
Other similar embodiments obtained under the premise of creative work are not made, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, being for a kind of measured for dynamic test pressure and the FBG of strain that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides
The block diagram of system, the system comprises: wideband light source 1, circulator 2, FBG sensor 3, Double-edged filter demodulator 4, photodetection
Device 5, oscillograph 6, coupler 7；The wideband light source 1, circulator 2, FBG sensor 3 are sequentially connected and connect, and circulator 2 also with
Coupler 7, Double-edged filter demodulator 4, photodetector 5, oscillograph 6 are sequentially connected.
Wherein the FBG sensor is also referred to as FBG or FBG optical sensor, i.e. fiber Bragg grating sensor.One
In a embodiment, the important technological parameters of the fiber bragg grating are as follows: central wavelength 1530nm-1560nm, grid region length
Less than 4mm.
The Double-edged filter demodulator 4 is differential type optical fiber boundary filter, it includes two optical filters, one
The transmitted light intensity of filter is directly proportional to lambda1-wavelength, and transmitted light intensity and the lambda1-wavelength of another filter are inversely proportional,
And FBG bragg wavelength displacement region is in filter skirt linear zone, thus make the response light intensity of two optical filters with
Prague central wavelength is displaced into positive/negative ratio.
It should be further noted that FBG is by surge or while straining its bragg wavelength and be subjected to displacement, companion
As surge is to the destructive process of FBG, the fluctuation of FBG reflective light intensity can be caused, until FBG is totally disrupted,
Reflective light intensity is bound to be process that an oscillation on large scale is finally reduced to zero, the bragg wavelength during FBG sustaining breakdown
Displacement demodulation also just becomes a difficult point, and demodulating system allows for rejecting the other factors pair except bragg wavelength displacement
Light intensity variation influences.Although bragg wavelength can also be displaced and be converted to light intensity change information by single edges filter, light intensity is same
When influenced by above-mentioned other factors, therefore the embodiment of the present invention using Double-edged filter demodulate, directly filtered out survey
Light source intensity during amount is shaken, optical path splitting ratio is uneven, optical path and FBG are by pressure bending deformation and destructive process etc.
Light intensity caused by factor changes the influence demodulated to bragg wavelength.
The photodetector 5 and oscillograph 6 are for carrying out data acquisition, and wherein the rise time of photodetector 5 is small
In 1 microsecond, analog bandwidth >=1MHz of oscillograph 6, sample rate >=5MSa/s.
In one embodiment, using the FBG/ of excision tail optical fiber with the FBG of tail optical fiber as senser element, and tail optical fiber will be cut off
FBG perpendicular to shock front place (FBG with tail optical fiber is affixed on measured object surface), in dynamic pressure/strain effect
Under, the reflective Bragg wavelength of FBG can be subjected to displacement, the reflected light of FBG is divided into two-way after 1 × 2 coupler 7 at this time, point
Transmitted light intensity and incident light wave it Song Ru not grow up to two boundary filters of positive/negative ratio in Double-edged filter demodulator 4, later two
The emergent light of a filter enters photodetector 5, light pulse is converted to electric pulse using photodetector 5, and utilize height
Fast oscillograph 6 m- strength signal when recording the electric pulse to obtain corresponding.Finally by calibration experiment data and difference
Algorithm can obtain dynamic pressure/strain time progress curve.Specifically, tail optical fiber will be cut off when carrying out pressure measurement
FBG perpendicular to shock front place；When carrying out strain measurement, the FBG with tail optical fiber is affixed on measured object surface.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is the pressure and strain measurement method of a kind of FBG for dynamic test, as shown in Fig. 2, the side
Method is realized based on aforementioned any measuring system.It the described method comprises the following steps:
Step S1 will cut off the FBG sensor 3 of tail optical fiber or with tail optical fiber according to surge or the selection of the measurement demand of strain
FBG sensor 3；
The 3 face shock front of FBG sensor for cutting off tail optical fiber is placed or by the FBG with tail optical fiber in one embodiment
Sensor 3 is affixed on the placement of measured object surface.
Wideband light source 1, circulator 2, FBG sensor 3 are sequentially connected and are connect by step S2, while by circulator 2 and coupler
7, Double-edged filter demodulator 4, photodetector 5, oscillograph 6 are sequentially connected.
The opening of broad spectrum light source 1 is made light source be incident on FBG sensor 3, FBG sensor 3 by circulator 2 by step S3
Return light by coupler 7 divide for two-way and enter Double-edged filter demodulator 4 in；
The Double-edged filter demodulator 4 includes two boundary filters, and described two boundary filters are transmitted light
Grow up to positive/negative ratio with incident light wave by force.
Step S5, after the two-way emergent light of the Double-edged filter demodulator 4 enters photodetector 5, detection and conversion
M- intensity electrical signals when obtaining corresponding obtain surge or strain at any time by nominal data and progress Difference Calculation
The performance graph of development, and recording and displaying is carried out by oscillograph 6.
As shown in Figure 3-4, curve is curve that the surge measured develops at any time in Fig. 3, when having obtained submicrosecond
Between the surge development process differentiated；Fig. 4 is the Hopkinson bar dynamic strain that measures progress curve at any time, has obtained Asia
The strain development process of millisecond.
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, abstract), unless specifically stated,
It is replaced by other equivalent or with similar purpose alternative features.That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is a series of
An example in equivalent or similar characteristics.
The invention is not limited to specific embodiments above-mentioned.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of measuring system for dynamic test, which is characterized in that the system comprises: wideband light source (1), circulator
(2), FBG sensor (3), Double-edged filter demodulator (4), photodetector (5), oscillograph (6), coupler (7)；The width
Band light source (1), circulator (2), FBG sensor (3) are sequentially connected and connect, and circulator (2) is also filtered with coupler (7), dual edge
Wave demodulator (4), photodetector (5), oscillograph (6) are sequentially connected.
2. a kind of measuring system for dynamic test as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the FBG sensor (3)
For fiber Bragg grating sensor, center sensor wavelength is 1530nm-1560nm, and grid region length is less than 4mm；
The photodetector (5) and oscillograph (6) are used to carry out data acquisition, wherein the rise time of photodetector (5)
Less than 1 microsecond, analog bandwidth >=1MHz of oscillograph (6), sample rate >=5MSa/s.
3. a kind of measuring system for dynamic test as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the Double-edged filter tune
Solving device (4) is differential type optical fiber boundary filter, includes two optical filters, the transmitted light intensity and incident light of a filter
Wavelength is directly proportional, and transmitted light intensity and the lambda1-wavelength of another filter are inversely proportional, and at FBG bragg wavelength displacement region
In filter skirt linear zone, it is displaced the response light intensity of two optical filters and Prague central wavelength at positive/negative ratio.
4. a kind of measuring system for dynamic test as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that using excision tail optical fiber
FBG of the FBG/ with tail optical fiber is as FBG sensor (3), under the action of dynamic pressure/strain, the reflection cloth of FBG sensor (3)
Glug wavelength can be subjected to displacement, and the reflected light of FBG sensor (3) is divided into two-way after 1 × 2 coupler (7) at this time, is sent respectively
Enter two optical filters that transmitted light intensity and incident light wave in Double-edged filter demodulator (4) grow up to positive/negative ratio, two filtering
The emergent light of device enters photodetector (5), light pulse is converted to electric pulse using photodetector (5), and utilize high speed
Oscillograph (6) m- strength signal when recording the electric pulse to obtain corresponding, finally by calibration experiment data and difference
Algorithm obtains dynamic pressure/strain time progress curve.
5. a kind of measuring system for dynamic test as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that when progress pressure measurement
When, the FBG sensor (3) for cutting off tail optical fiber is placed perpendicular to shock front；It, will be with tail optical fiber when carrying out strain measurement
FBG sensor (3) is affixed on measured object surface.
6. a kind of measurement method for dynamic test, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
Step S1 will cut off the FBG sensor (3) of tail optical fiber or with tail optical fiber according to surge or the selection of the measurement demand of strain
FBG sensor (3)；
Wideband light source (1), circulator (2), FBG sensor (3) are sequentially connected and are connect by step S2, while by circulator (2) and coupling
Clutch (7), Double-edged filter demodulator (4), photodetector (5), oscillograph (6) are sequentially connected；
Step S3, broad spectrum light source (1), which is opened, makes light source be incident on FBG sensor (3), FBG sensor by circulator (2)
(3) return light is divided into two-way by coupler (7) and enters in Double-edged filter demodulator 4；
Step S4, after the two-way emergent light of the Double-edged filter demodulator (4) enters photodetector (5), detection and conversion
M- intensity electrical signals when obtaining corresponding obtain surge or strain at any time by nominal data and progress Difference Calculation
The performance graph of development, and recording and displaying is carried out by oscillograph (6).
7. a kind of measurement method for dynamic test as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the FBG sensor is
Fiber Bragg grating sensor, center sensor wavelength 1530nm-1560nm, grid region length are less than 4mm；
The photodetector (5) and oscillograph (6) are used to carry out data acquisition, wherein the rise time of photodetector (5)
Less than 1 microsecond, analog bandwidth >=1MHz of oscillograph (6), sample rate >=5MSa/s.
8. a kind of measurement method for dynamic test as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the Double-edged filter tune
Solving device (4) is differential type optical fiber boundary filter, it includes two optical filters, the transmitted light intensity of a filter and incidence
Optical wavelength is directly proportional, and transmitted light intensity and the lambda1-wavelength of another filter are inversely proportional, and FBG bragg wavelength displacement region
In filter skirt linear zone, it is displaced the response light intensity of two optical filters and Prague central wavelength at positive/negative ratio.
9. a kind of measurement method for dynamic test as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that using excision tail optical fiber
FBG of the FBG/ with tail optical fiber is as FBG sensor (3), under the action of dynamic pressure/strain, the reflection cloth of FBG sensor (3)
Glug wavelength can be subjected to displacement, and the reflected light of FBG sensor (3) is divided into two-way after 1 × 2 coupler (7) at this time, is sent respectively
Enter two optical filters that transmitted light intensity and incident light wave in Double-edged filter demodulator (4) grow up to positive/negative ratio, two filtering
The emergent light of device enters photodetector (5), light pulse is converted to electric pulse using photodetector (5), and utilize high speed
Oscillograph (6) m- strength signal when recording the electric pulse to obtain corresponding, finally by calibration experiment data and difference
Algorithm obtains dynamic pressure/strain time progress curve.
10. a kind of measurement method for dynamic test as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that when progress pressure measurement
When, the FBG sensor (3) for cutting off tail optical fiber is placed perpendicular to shock front；It, will be with tail optical fiber when carrying out strain measurement
FBG sensor (3) is affixed on measured object surface.
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