CN109505317A - A kind of resistance to compression of high stake, resistance to plucking and horizontally loading test equipment - Google Patents
A kind of resistance to compression of high stake, resistance to plucking and horizontally loading test equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109505317A CN109505317A CN201910035479.5A CN201910035479A CN109505317A CN 109505317 A CN109505317 A CN 109505317A CN 201910035479 A CN201910035479 A CN 201910035479A CN 109505317 A CN109505317 A CN 109505317A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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Abstract
The present invention provides resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and the horizontally loading test equipment of a kind of high stake, belongs to geotechnical engineering the field of test technology.Resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and the horizontally loading test equipment of the high stake respectively include the parts such as counter-force module, loading module and monitoring modular, jack load is passed to test pile foundation by anchor ear by resistance to compression and resistance to plucking static test, and horizontally loading test can be by horizontal loads in stake top by pile cover, corresponding displacement, which measures, uses high precision laser displacement sensor.The set equipment overcomes the shortcomings of that resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and the horizontally loading test of high pile foundation may be implemented in the high stake test pile of exposure ground certain altitude in traditional pile foundation Static Test Technique, and determines respective carrier power.Operation of the present invention is easy, and low in cost, good for different type pile and stake diameter adaptability, while detecting that the duration is fast, can quickly be precisely accomplished resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and the horizontal bearing capacity detection of the entire a large amount of pile foundations in photovoltaic field, accelerate the pile foundation final acceptance of construction of photovoltaic field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geotechnical engineering the field of test technology, specially a kind of resistance to compression of high stake, resistance to plucking and the examination of horizontal static load
Test equipment.
Background technique
The territory illumination in China 76% is abundant, and Luminous energy resource is evenly distributed；Compared with water power, wind-powered electricity generation, nuclear power etc., solar energy
Generate electricity no any discharge and noise, and application technology is mature, securely and reliably.As country is to new energy, the attention of green energy resource,
Photovoltaic industry has obtained quick development in recent years.Photovoltaic field is mainly combined by basis, upper bracket and solar panels, and
Foundation pattern generallys use precast reinforced concrete piles, in the design of photovoltaic devices, it is contemplated that photovoltaic panel connects to greatest extent
By luminous energy, photovoltaic panel is protected also to avoid waste land resource simultaneously, the exposure ground that needs to design and construct under normal conditions is certain
The prefabricated pile of height, prefabricated pile generallys use static pressure method, hammering or vibration pile-formation process, and to squeeze into ground and exposure ground certain
Highly, photovoltaic panel is then erected at the top of exposure height stake.Since ground photovoltaic plant is built in hillside, desert, wasteland, field more
Wild, beach, marshland, photovoltaic pile foundation is the important feature of photovoltaic plant, plays bearing support and photovoltaic module self weight and supports
The effect of whole dynamic loads such as imperial wind load, snow load, rainwater load and earthquake load.In general, what photovoltaic pile foundation was born
Vertical pressure is smaller, and vertical pulling capacity and horizontal force are larger, such as wind load, snow load, rainwater load and earthquake load
It is decomposed into vertical pulling capacity and horizontal applied force, wherein vertical drawing is mostly wind load.Under wind action, if photovoltaic pile foundation
Foundation it is unstable, photovoltaic bracket is possible to the breakoff phenomenons such as occur pulling up, shift, deform, being broken, seriously affects photovoltaic plant
It operates normally and photovoltaic plant engineering accident caused by a lot of strong wind has occurred for service life, the country.In the construction of photovoltaic plant
In, either in design link still in construction link, pay attention to very must to the bearing capacity control on photovoltaic bracket basis with detection
It wants.
At present " building pile foundation inspection criterion " (JGJ 106-2014) recommend and common static load of pile foundation in production practices
Lotus tests the exposure ground height stake for being not particularly suited for photovoltaic field, and main cause has: 1. photovoltaic pile foundations are exposure ground certain altitude
(load can not be applied to the prefabricated pile intensively arranged by exposure sometimes up to 10m or more), static test especially compression test
Stake top；2. conventional pile foundation level tests jack position close to ground elevation, the either erection and field test of instrument
Operation is very convenient, but in the effect of top carrying photovoltaic panel, therefore in horizontally loading test, jack acts on photovoltaic pile foundation
Point must be located at stake top, this brings difficulty to test operation.3. due to photovoltaic panel bearing capacity of pile foundation design value relative to building simultaneously
Not high, within generally 10 tons, there is no need to use extensive preloading and anchoring pile, the tonnage of jack is relatively small.4. photovoltaic
The high stake in field is large number of, and in the sampling observation ratio that current Pile Foundation Code is recommended, sampling observation task is very heavy, traditional static load of pile foundation examination
Erection and disassembly trouble and time-consuming are tested, is unfavorable for saving duration and cost 5. since ground photovoltaic plant is built in field, mistake more
It will increase the cost and difficulty of test in bulky static test equipment.Since there is presently no specific specifications to be directed to this light
The detection method of high stake is lied prostrate, this patent designs a set of resistance to compression for being exclusively used in the height stake of exposure ground, resistance to plucking and horizontally loading test,
The set equipment principle is simple, easy to operate, easy to loading and unloading, low-cost, convenient for the quickly sampling observation high pile foundation in photovoltaic field, is originally arranged
The standby quasi- blank for filling up this respect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of traditional pile foundation Static Test Technique photovoltaic height stake test pile test in,
A kind of dead load test on pile foundation equipment suitable for the height stake of photovoltaic field, the photovoltaic dead load test on pile foundation equipment not only principle letter are provided
It is single, it is easy to operate, and can significantly compression verification duration and testing cost.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The characteristics of pile foundation high for photovoltaic, present invention design have developed Novel pile foundation test equipment, can be to exposure ground
It mainly includes three modules: counter-force mould that the high pile foundation of certain altitude, which carries out resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and horizontally loading test, testing equipment,
Block, loading module and monitoring modular.As shown in Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b and Fig. 1 c, counter-force module provides resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and the examination of horizontal static load
The counter-force support tested is to balance load load, and major part includes 2- reinforced concrete counterweight block, 3- I-steel parallels, and 11- times
Beam, 12- pull rod (Fig. 1 a, compressive static load test)；14- girder and support (Fig. 1 b, resistance to plucking static test)；24- balancing pile, 29-
Anchor ear, 30- balance guide chain (Fig. 1 c, horizontally loading test)；For loading module to provide test load, main contents include 4- liquid
Press pump, 5- oil pipe, 9- anchor ear, 10- jack, 11- secondary beam, 12- pull rod (Fig. 1 a, compressive static load test)；15- hydraulic pump, 16-
Oil pipe, 20- anchor ear, 21- jack (Fig. 1 b, resistance to plucking static test)；23- loads stake, 25- hydraulic pump, 26- oil pipe, 31- level
Crossbeam, 32- jack, 33- drag-line, 34- load pile cover, 35- test pile pile cover (Fig. 1 c, horizontally loading test)；Monitoring modular
To measure the vertically or horizontally deformation of high stake in loading procedure, so that deformation of pile foundation characteristic is judged, to assess pile foundation carrying
Power, monitoring modular mainly include 6- datum line beam, 7- laser displacement gauge, 8- angle bar (Fig. 1 a, compressive static load test)；17- datum line beam,
18- laser displacement gauge, 19- angle bar (Fig. 1 b, resistance to plucking static test)；27- datum line beam, and 28- laser displacement gauge (Fig. 1 c, it is horizontal quiet
Carry test).
As shown in Figure 1a, the principle of high stake compressive static load test is by the hydraulic hand-pump 4 in loading system to very heavy
Push up 10 fuel feeding, jack 10 jacks secondary beam 11, and top lift passes to girder and support 3 by pull rod 12, and final jack 10
Top lift by the dead-weight balanced of girder and support 3 and reinforced concrete counterweight block 2, and 10 bottom counter-force of jack passes through anchor ear
9 pairs of pile foundations 1 generate downward active force, can be precisely controlled jack 10 by the precision oil pressure table on hydraulic pump 4 and be applied to stake
Active force on base.The measurement of displacement is measured by the laser displacement gauge 7 being arranged on datum line beam 6, and laser displacement gauge 7 is penetrated
Angle bar 8 reflection of the laser beam through being sticked in pile foundation 1 out receives ray again, accurately calculates pile foundation 1 each using light velocity principle
Change in displacement under kind imposed load level.In conjunction with pile test related specifications process, load on pile foundation-subsidence curve can be made,
To estimate the Compressive Bearing Capacity of pile foundation.
As shown in Figure 1a, girder and 3 main purpose of support are that place is levelling, create an operating condition for static test.
Reinforced concrete counterweight block 2 can be designed according to preloading design load and pour, and reinforced concrete counterweight block 2 can be by minimum reinforcements
Rate configuration reinforcement, gravity load are preferably 1.2 times of pile bearing capacity experiment limiting value, as scene does not have casting concrete counterweight
Condition, sand hill or Tu Bao also can be used and carry out counterweight.The main function of anchor ear 9 is support jack 10, by jack 10
Pedestal reaction force passes to pile foundation 1.As shown in figure 5, anchor ear 9 is put together for two parts, anchor ear 9 uses low carbon steel plate system
Make, internal diameter is equal to test pile diameter, and 9 two sides of anchor ear are equipped with jack and place platform, and anchor ear 9 lock onto pile foundation table with high-strength bolt
Face passes through the friction transmitting forces of inner wall and high stake surface.The effect of pull rod 12 is to transmit 10 top active force of jack extremely
Counter force system, 12 bottom of pull rod are connected by the connection type of bolt with girder and support 3, and 12 top of pull rod passes through secondary beam 11,
And it is bolted the position as jack 10.In compression test two jack need to be symmetrical arranged on 1 periphery of pile foundation
10 and two vertical displacement monitoring points.
The principle of high stake resistance to plucking static test is relatively simple clear, as Fig. 1 b passes through the hydraulic hand-pump 15 in loading system
Give jack 21 fuel feeding, 21 top of jack acts on anchor ear 20, and lower reaction is on girder and support 14, to realize power
Balance and determining load is transferred in pile foundation 13.The measurement of displacement is by the laser displacement gauge being arranged on datum line beam 17
18 are measured, and laser displacement gauge 18 projects angle bar 19 reflection of the laser beam through being sticked in pile foundation and receives ray again, are utilized
Light velocity principle accurately calculates change in displacement of the pile foundation in the case where various imposed loads are horizontal.In conjunction with pile test related specifications process,
Load on pile foundation-above the amount of pulling out curve can be made, to estimate the anti-pulling capacity of pile foundation.Girder and support 14 in pullout tests,
Jack 21, anchor ear 20, datum line beam 17, laser displacement gauge 18 and angle bar 19 are identical as compression test, can be used a set of equipment into
Row resistance to compression and pullout tests.
As illustrated in figure 1 c, the principle of high stake horizontally loading test is by the hydraulic hand-pump 25 in loading system to very heavy
32 fuel feeding are pushed up, for jack 32 in pushing tow horizontal gird 31, horizontal gird 31 can be along the level of 34 extension of pile cover under thrust
It slides, horizontal gird 31 is transmitted counter-force by drag-line 33 (adjustable in length) and test pile pile cover 35 on 34 extension platform of pile cover
To test pile 35.Jack 32 is horizontally set on load 34 platform of stake pile cover, can be by jack 32 by standing balance relationship
Jacking force be converted to test stake top 35 horizontal applied force.Deformation of the test pile 22 under horizontal applied force can pass through setting
Laser displacement gauge 28 at 27 different height of datum line beam records.Using on hydraulic pump 25 oil pressure gauge and laser displacement gauge 28 can
The horizontal force and horizontal distortion of precise measurement test pile.In conjunction with pile test related specifications process, can make load on pile foundation-when
M- the drift displacement curve, to estimate the horizontal bearing capacity of pile foundation.
As shown in Fig. 1 c and Fig. 6, the pile cover in high stake horizontally loading test is slightly over the steel cylinder (top of a diameter
It binds, bottom opening), pile cover can freely be placed in stake top, to provide a supporting role a little for loading system.Wherein load stake top
Pile cover extension has a platform, which can be used for placing jack and horizontal gird, thrusting action of the horizontal gird in jack
Under can also be slided along platform.Load stake and anchor ear on balancing pile and guide chain main purpose are to share load stake with balancing pile
Horizontal force avoids load stake from occurring to be displaced with the greater level of test pile in opposite directions.
The course of work of the invention is as follows:
When carrying out resistance to plucking static test, the pile foundation that need to carry out pullout tests selected first, pile foundation periphery set up girder and
Support, girder and support need to be steadily placed on the ground of compacting, can create a horizontal operation face to jack.Then exist
Anchor ear is set up at pile foundation proper height, so that anchor ear is close to pile foundation using high-strength bolt, and under anchor ear, place on girder and support
Jack, jack top contact anchor ear, the oil pipe being also turned between jack and hydraulic pump.It is pasted in pile foundation bottom symmetrical
Angle steel measuring point, while datum line beam is set up, laser displacement sensor is placed, laser displacement sensor needs face angle bar, it is ensured that displacement
The accuracy of measurement.After ready, jack fuel feeding can be given by hydraulic pump by experimental design, pile foundation is applied upwards
Active force, while laser displacement gauge records the displacement of pile foundation under every grade of load, pullout tests process can refer to bearing capacity of pile foundation
Related specifications are detected, details are not described herein again.
When carrying out compressive static load test, the pile foundation that need to carry out compression test selected first sets up girder on pile foundation periphery
And support, girder and support need to be steadily placed on the ground of compacting, can create a horizontal operation face to jack.Simultaneously
Concrete balancing weight is lifted, girder and support both ends are symmetrically steadily pressed in.Anchor ear is then set up at pile foundation proper height, is used
High-strength bolt makes anchor ear be close to pile foundation, and places jack in anchor ear amount platform supported on both sides, be also turned on jack with it is hydraulic
Oil pipe between pump.Pull rod is screwed into the nut being welded on girder and support, and the other end passes through the secondary beam on jack, and
Secondary beam position is fixed using screw.Angle bar measuring point is pasted in pile foundation bottom symmetrical, while setting up datum line beam, places laser displacement
Sensor, laser displacement sensor need face angle bar, it is ensured that are displaced the accuracy of measurement.After ready, can by experimental design,
Jack fuel feeding is given by hydraulic pump, applies upward active force to secondary beam at the top of jack, which is transmitted by pull rod
It is dead-weight balanced by reinforced concrete counterweight block on to girder and support, and very heavy top/bottom part active force passes through anchor ear for finder charge
Pass to pile foundation.Laser displacement gauge records the displacement of pile foundation under every grade of load, and compression test process can refer to bearing capacity of pile foundation
Related specifications are detected, details are not described herein again.
When carrying out horizontally loading test, the pile foundation that need to carry out horizontally loading test random selected first, in balancing pile and
It loads and installs anchor ear between stake and with balance guide chain, balancing guide chain can be used the equipment such as electric hoist and tighten, to enable balancing pile
Enough share the level of load stake, the deformation of limitation load stake.Pile cover then is installed in load stake and test stake top respectively, is being added
It carries and jack is installed on stake pile cover, on the sleeping extension slideway for being located at load stake pile cover of jack, horizontal gird is withstood at top.Simultaneously
By drag-line and it is bolted horizontal gird and test pile pile cover.Datum line beam is set up on the outside of test pile, is placed laser displacement and is passed
Sensor, laser displacement sensor need face test pile, it is ensured that the accuracy that pile foundation level displacement measures.After ready, it can press
Experimental design gives jack fuel feeding by hydraulic pump, applies thrusting action power to secondary beam at the top of jack, which passes through drawing
Rope is transmitted to test pile pile cover, thus to horizontal force is applied at the top of test pile.Laser displacement gauge records test pile under every grade of load
Horizontal displacement, horizontally loading test process can refer to bearing capacity of pile foundation detection related specifications, details are not described herein again.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the principle of the invention is simple, easy to operate, and resistance to compression and resistance to plucking static test are transmitted jack load by anchor ear
Test pile foundation is given, and horizontally loading test can be by horizontal loads in stake top by pile cover, which is not necessarily to big machinery,
The prefabricated pile for being particularly suitable for exposure ground certain altitude and intensively arranging.
2, low in cost, the key equipment manufacturing expense of this set height stake resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and horizontally loading test is few, and production is difficult
It spends small.It is good and easy to operate for different type pile and stake diameter adaptability, it repeats to test difficult deformation, be easy to testing staff's
It tells somebody what one's real intentions are training.
3, the duration is fast, this set equipment is easily designed and manufactures, and is readily transported, in conjunction with quick Loading Method, in mostly set equipment streams
It can quickly be precisely accomplished resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and the horizontal bearing capacity detection of the entire a large amount of pile foundations in photovoltaic field under conditions of water detection, add
Fast photovoltaic field pile foundation final acceptance of construction, shortens civil engineering duration early period being constructed and put into operation.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, one will be made to attached drawing needed in the embodiment below simply
Ground introduction, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without creative efforts, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 a is the schematic diagram of high stake compressive static load test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 1 b is the schematic diagram of high stake resistance to plucking static test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 1 c is the schematic diagram of high stake horizontally loading test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 a is the top view of high stake compressive static load test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 b is the top view of high stake resistance to plucking static test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 c is the top view of high stake horizontally loading test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a is the front view of high stake compressive static load test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 b is the front view of high stake resistance to plucking static test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 c is the front view of high stake horizontally loading test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 a is the side view of high stake compressive static load test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 b is the side view of high stake resistance to plucking static test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 c is the side view of high stake horizontally loading test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is anchor ear details in high stake resistance to compression of the present invention and resistance to plucking static test equipment；
Fig. 6 is pile cover details in high stake horizontally loading test equipment；
Specific embodiment
Resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and horizontal bearing capacity of this example based on the high pile foundation in Taian Shandong photovoltaic field detect engineering, relate to
And pile-type include tri- kinds of high-strength prestress tubular poles of PHC300-AB-70-7, PHC300-C-70-9, PHC400-B-95-7.
The stake of PHC300-AB-70-7 type and PHC400-B-95-7 design length 7.0m, 3.8 meters of embedded depth, exposed 3.2 meters,
PHC300-C-70-9 type stake design length 9.0m, 3.5 meters of embedded depth, exposed 5.5 meters.It is first using long spire technique when construction
Pilot hole is pressed into using vibration hammer afterwards.Field test to 81 PHC300-AB-70-7 type stakes, 21 PHC400-B-95-7 type stakes,
28 PHC300-C-70-9 type stakes carry out single pile bearing capacity, single pile resistance to plucking static test and the horizontal static load of single pile
Test.
Single pile bearing capacity
Compressive static load test uses accumulation load method, and load is applied step by step by 2 300kN jack in parallel, and magnitude is by essence
Close pressure gauge reads oil pressure, and according to the rating curve of jack conversion load, precision pressure gauge grade is 0.25 grade, range
16MPa.The settling amount of test pile during loading uses Germany's wenglor laser displacement gauge, which uses high-resolution
Rate CMOS linear array and DSP technology can eliminate material, color, light bring measurement error, and be suitable for adverse circumstances,
Long-term stable work.Wenglor laser displacement gauge optical maser wavelength 660nm, maximum measurement displacement is 120mm, and measurement accuracy can
Up to 0.01mm, in 2 displacement meters of pile body symmetrical placement, sedimentation measures its average value.Displacement meter is fixed on base by Magnetic gauge stand
On quasi- beam.Due to the exposed 3.2m of pile foundation, therefore it machined special anchor ear, load is applied to pile body, schematic device by anchor ear
As shown in Fig. 1 (a), wherein anchor ear needs machined two according to detection, and internal diameter is respectively 300mm and 400mm, anchor ear thickness 5mm,
It is processed using Q235 steel, anchor ear two sides set a jack and place pedestal, respectively open a diameter 10mm bolt hole.Pull rod is long
Screw thread is carved in 1.8m, diameter 20mm, bottom, can connect with the nut on girder and support, and each piece of preloading counterweight is 2 concrete
Clump weight, monolithic weight 25kN, the installation of compression dead load equipment and test philosophy are described above, are not repeated herein, are resisted
Press the process of test as follows:
After load uses fast load-keeping method, every grade of load to apply, is surveyed by the 5th, 15,30min and read pile body settling amount, with
It surveys and reads once every 15min afterwards.Every grade of load is held time should not be less than 1 hour, and works as the pile body under the same level load action
When the rate of settling restrains, next stage load can be added, convergence is that the pile body settlement increment of last 15min time interval is less than phase
The pile body settlement increment of adjacent 15min time interval.Every grade of unloading value is 2 times of every grade of loaded value, respectively by the after every grade of unloading
5,15,30,45,60min survey reading residual settlement, next stage load can be unloaded.After being offloaded to zero, it should survey and read pile body residual settlement
Amount, holding time is 1 hour, and surveying read time is the 5th, 15,30,45,60min.
When there are following situations, load can be terminated:
1. under certain grade of load action, the settling amount of stake is greater than 5 times of settling amount under previous stage load action, and stake top is always sunk
Drop amount is more than 40mm；
2. 60~80mm of stake top total settlement can be loaded onto when load-subsidence curve is in slow change type；
3. having reached the maximum load amount of design requirement.
Unit for single-pile vertical anti-pulling static test
Resistance to plucking static load yes using 2 root long degree be that 1 meter of I20a I-steel is mentioned as the I-steel of buttress, 6 meters of 2 root long degree
For counter-force, load is applied step by step by 2 300kN jack, and magnitude reads oil pressure by precision pressure gauge, according to the rate of jack
Determine curve conversion load, precision pressure gauge grade is 0.25 grade, range 16MPa.Test pile during loading on the amount of pulling out use moral
State's wenglor laser displacement gauge, Wenglor laser displacement gauge optical maser wavelength 660nm, maximum measurement displacement are 120mm, measurement essence
It spends up to 0.01mm, 2 displacement meters of symmetrical placement at pile body, above pulls out and measure its average value, displacement meter passes through Magnetic gauge stand branch
Support is on datum line beam.Due to the exposed 3.2m of pile foundation, therefore it machined special anchor ear, load is applied to pile body, device by anchor ear
Shown in schematic diagram such as Fig. 1 (b), wherein anchor ear needs machined two according to detection, and internal diameter is respectively 300mm and 400mm, anchor ear
Thick 5mm processes (pullout tests can share anchor ear with compression test) using Q235 steel, and a diameter 10mm is respectively opened in anchor ear two sides
Bolt hole, bottom set jack lifting operation point.The installation of resistance to plucking static load equipment and test philosophy are described above, herein not
It repeats, the process of pullout tests is as follows:.
After load uses maintained load test (ML-test), every grade of load to apply, is surveyed by the 5th, 15,30,45,60min and read the amount of pulling out in stake top.
Under every grade of load action, the amount of pulling out is no more than 0.1mm in the stake top in every 1 hour, and continuously occurs (applying from classification load twice
30min starts afterwards, by 1.5h continuously three times every 30min on the amount of pulling out calculate), that is, think to have reached stabilization, next stage can be added
Load.Every grade of unloading value is 2 times of every grade of loaded value.It is surveyed after every grade of unloading every 15min and reads the amount of pulling out in primary remnants, read twice
Afterwards, it is read again once every 30min, next stage load can be unloaded, all after unloading, read again once every 1h.
When there are following situations, load can be terminated:
1. under certain grade of load action, in stake the amount of pulling out be greater than under the effect of previous stage uplift load on 5 times of the amount of pulling out；
2. by the amount of pulling out control in stake, when in accumulative stake the amount of pulling out more than 100mm；
3. controlling by Steel Bar Tensile Strength, stake uplift load reaches 0.9 times of characteristic value of strength of steel bar；
4. reaching the maximum uplift load value of design requirement.
Single pile horizontally loading test
The loading system of single pile horizontally loading test is made of the hydraulic test pile cover and drag-line specially processed, by two piles
It is common that horizontal reacting force is provided.Load is applied step by step by 1 300kN jack, and magnitude reads oil pressure by precision oil pressure table, according to
The rating curve conversion load of jack, precision pressure gauge grade is 0.25 grade, range 16MPa.The horizontal displacement of stake is by fixing
3 great-scale displacement meters measurement on datum line beam, displacement meter are mounted at ground, 1/2 pile body exposed height and stake top.In view of
Design requirement horizontal loading need to apply from stake top position, and the exposed ground of pile body about 3.2m, therefore specially have developed pile cover for water
Flat load, shown in schematic device such as Fig. 1 (c).The installation of horizontal static load equipment and test philosophy are described above, herein not
It repeats, the process of horizontally loading test is as follows:
Test uses unidirectional multi-cycle Loading Method, and classification load is estimate maximum finder charge 1/10, and every grade of load is applied
After adding, reading horizontal displacement can be surveyed after dead load 4min, then unloading is zero, stops 2min and surveys reading residual level displacement.So far one is completed
A plus unloading circulation, so circulation 5 times, complete the displacement observation of level-one load.
When there are following situations for the moment, load can be terminated:
1. there is crack in pile body.
2. horizontal displacement reaches the horizontal displacement permissible value of design requirement at ground (this test takes 10mm).
Foregoing description is only the description to present pre-ferred embodiments, is not any restriction to the scope of the invention.Appoint
Any change or modification what those skilled in the art makes according to the technology contents of the disclosure above should all regard
For equivalent effective embodiment, the range of technical solution of the present invention protection is belonged to.Above to various embodiments of the invention
Description those skilled in the art are supplied to the purpose described.It is not intended to exhaustion or be not intended to by the present invention limit
It is formed on single disclosed embodiment.As described above, various substitutions and variation of the invention are for above-mentioned technology fields skill
It will be apparent for art personnel.Therefore, although having specifically discussed some alternative embodiments, other realities
The mode of applying will be apparent or those skilled in the art relatively easily obtain.The present invention is intended to include begged for herein
By all substitutions of the invention, modification and the variation crossed, and fall in other embodiment party in the spirit and scope of above-mentioned application
Formula.
Although depicting the present invention by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that there are many deformations by the present invention
With variation without departing from spirit of the invention, it is desirable to which the attached claims include these deformations and change without departing from the present invention
Spirit.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of static test equipment of high pile foundation, including three resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and horizontally loading test subitems: the high stake
Three subitems of static test equipment on basis all include three modules: counter-force module, loading module and monitoring modular.Counter-force module
The counter-force support of resistance to compression, resistance to plucking and horizontally loading test is provided to balance load load, loading module is loaded to provide test,
Monitoring modular is to measure the horizontal or vertical deformation of high stake in loading procedure, so that deformation of pile foundation characteristic is judged, to assess
Bearing capacity of pile foundation.
2. high stake compressive static load test subitem according to claim 1, characterized in that pass through the manual liquid in loading system
Press pump gives jack fuel feeding, and jack jacks secondary beam, top lift passes to girder and support by pull rod, and finally jack
Top lift is dead-weight balanced by girder and support and reinforced concrete counterweight block, and very heavy top/bottom part counter-force by anchor ear to pile foundation
Downward active force is generated, the effect that jack is applied in pile foundation can be precisely controlled by the precision oil pressure table on hydraulic pump
Power.The measurement of displacement is measured by the laser displacement gauge being arranged on datum line beam, and laser displacement gauge projects laser beam warp
The angle bar reflection being sticked in pile foundation receives ray again, accurately calculates pile foundation in the case where various imposed loads are horizontal using light velocity principle
Change in displacement.In conjunction with pile test related specifications process, load on pile foundation-subsidence curve can be made, to estimate the anti-of pile foundation
Press bearing capacity.
3. high stake resistance to plucking static test subitem according to claim 1, characterized in that pass through the manual liquid in loading system
Press pump gives jack fuel feeding, and jack top acts on anchor ear, and lower reaction is on girder and support, to realize the flat of power
It weighs and determining load is transferred in pile foundation.The measurement of displacement is by the laser displacement gauge amount of progress being arranged on datum line beam
It surveys, laser displacement gauge projects angle bar reflection of the laser beam through being sticked in pile foundation and receives ray again, accurate using light velocity principle
Calculate change in displacement of the pile foundation in the case where various imposed loads are horizontal.In conjunction with pile test related specifications process, pile foundation lotus can be made
- upper the amount of pulling out curve is carried, to estimate the anti-pulling capacity of pile foundation.
4. high stake resistance to plucking static test subitem according to claim 1, characterized in that pass through the manual liquid in loading system
Press pump gives jack fuel feeding, and for jack in pushing tow horizontal gird, horizontal gird can be along the level of pile cover extension under thrust
It slides, counter-force is passed to test by drag-line (adjustable in length) and test pile stake pile cover by horizontal gird on pile cover extension platform
Stake.Jack is horizontally set on load stake pile cover platform, can be converted to the jacking force of jack by standing balance relationship
Test the horizontal applied force of stake top.Test pile can be by being arranged at datum line beam different height in the deformation under horizontal applied force
Laser displacement gauge record.Using on hydraulic pump oil pressure gauge and laser displacement gauge can accurately measure the horizontal force and water of test pile
Flat deformation.In conjunction with pile test related specifications process, can make load on pile foundation-when m- the drift displacement curve, to estimate pile foundation
Horizontal bearing capacity.
5. high stake static test equipment according to claim 1, core component includes the stake specifically for high stake design
Cap and anchor ear component, characterized in that jack load is passed to test pile foundation by anchor ear by resistance to compression and resistance to plucking static test, and
Horizontally loading test can be by horizontal loads in stake top, to realize the transmitting and load of power by pile cover.
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| CN2018112689009 | 2018-10-29 |
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| CN110397095B (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 徐中一 | Pile foundation bearing capacity detection system and method |
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| CN112255098A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-22 | 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 | Hoop bearing capacity detection method for bent cap construction |
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| CN114687388B (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-10-04 | 浙江宏业检测科技有限公司 | Multidirectional loading detection device and detection method for pile foundation bearing capacity |
| CN115059124A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-16 | 天津市地质工程勘测设计院有限公司 | Compression-resistant static load test device for high-bearing-platform foundation pile in soft soil area and implementation method |
| CN115434305A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-12-06 | 中铁三局集团有限公司 | Steel pipe pile construction process |
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