CN114687388B - Multidirectional loading detection device and detection method for pile foundation bearing capacity - Google Patents
Multidirectional loading detection device and detection method for pile foundation bearing capacity Download PDFInfo
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- CN114687388B CN114687388B CN202210260048.0A CN202210260048A CN114687388B CN 114687388 B CN114687388 B CN 114687388B CN 202210260048 A CN202210260048 A CN 202210260048A CN 114687388 B CN114687388 B CN 114687388B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/10—Miscellaneous comprising sensor means
Abstract
The invention discloses a multidirectional loading detection device and a multidirectional loading detection method for pile foundation bearing capacity, and belongs to the technical field of pile foundation detection, and the multidirectional loading detection device and the detection method for pile foundation bearing capacity comprise a bearing plate and a pile foundation body, wherein the middle position of the bottom end of the bearing plate is rotatably connected with a rotating frame, the pile foundation body is positioned in the rotating frame, the upper side position and the lower side position of the surface of the pile foundation body are respectively provided with a loading mechanism, and the loading mechanisms are distributed at the left side position and the right side position of the pile foundation body; the surface of the rotating frame is provided with a first steering mechanism and a second steering mechanism; the second steering mechanism is used for driving the rotating frame to rotate, and the bearing capacity in the horizontal direction, which is applied to the pile foundation body by the loading mechanism, of the pile foundation body is switched in different directions at the side position of the pile foundation body through the rotation of the rotating frame; the device can carry out the detection of multidirectional bearing capacity to the pile foundation, detects the bearing capacity of pile foundation horizontal direction simultaneously through applying great thrust to the pile foundation horizontal direction, easy operation, detection effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation detection, in particular to a multidirectional loading detection device and a multidirectional loading detection method for pile foundation bearing capacity.
Background
Deep foundations consisting of piles and pile caps (called caps for short) connecting pile tops or single-pile foundations consisting of columns and pile foundations, called pile foundations for short). If the pile body is completely buried in the soil and the bottom surface of the bearing platform is contacted with the soil body, the pile body is called a low bearing platform pile foundation; when the upper part of the pile body is exposed out of the ground and the bottom of the pile cap is positioned above the ground, the pile body is called a high pile cap pile foundation.
The pile foundation is usually used for supporting a building, so that the bearing capacity of the pile foundation needs to be detected after the pile foundation is processed; because the building that the pile foundation supported takes place vibrations and can exert horizontal vibrations power to the pile foundation or when the pile foundation supports some designs and is the building of slope shape, the building of slope shape can exert horizontal component to the pile foundation, consequently when carrying out bearing capacity's detection to the pile foundation, not only need detect the bearing capacity of pile foundation in the vertical direction, also need detect the horizontal bearing capacity of pile foundation body, and the detection mode to pile foundation horizontal direction bearing capacity is usually direct to exert a horizontal direction's thrust to the pile foundation, because the equipment of exerting thrust usually relies on and exerts thrust to the pile foundation with the frictional force between the ground, and the frictional force between the equipment of exerting thrust and the ground is limited, when the thrust of exerting to the pile foundation is greater than the frictional force between this equipment and the ground, the equipment of exerting thrust then can be pushed away by the reaction force of pile foundation, consequently, the equipment of exerting thrust hardly directly detects the bearing capacity of pile foundation horizontal direction.
Based on the above, the invention designs a multidirectional loading detection device and a detection method for pile foundation bearing capacity, so as to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multidirectional loading detection device and a detection method for the bearing capacity of a pile foundation, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the pile foundation loading device comprises a loading plate and a pile foundation body, wherein a rotating frame is rotatably connected to the middle position of the bottom end of the loading plate, the pile foundation body is positioned in the rotating frame, loading mechanisms are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the surface of the pile foundation body, and the loading mechanisms are distributed at the left side and the right side of the pile foundation body; the loading mechanism is used for applying bearing capacity in the vertical direction to the pile foundation body and simultaneously applying thrust to the bottom of the left side and the upper part of the right side of the pile foundation body; the surface of the rotating frame is provided with a first steering mechanism and a second steering mechanism, and the first steering mechanism is used for switching the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side back and forth between the loading force in the vertical direction applied to the pile foundation body and the thrust force in the horizontal direction applied to the pile foundation body; the second steering mechanism is used for driving the rotating frame to rotate, and the bearing capacity of the loading mechanism applied to the pile foundation body in the horizontal direction is switched in different directions at the side position of the pile foundation body through rotation of the rotating frame.
The loading mechanism comprises a guide frame, the guide frame is fixedly connected with the rotating frame, and a first guide groove and a second guide groove are respectively formed in the positions, located on the left side and the right side of the rotating center point of the rotating frame, of the surface of the guide frame; the first guide groove and the second guide groove are both connected with guide blocks in a sliding mode, the bottom ends of the guide blocks are fixedly connected with hydraulic rods, the bottom ends of the hydraulic rods are fixedly connected with pressure sensors, the surfaces of the pressure sensors are fixedly connected with displacement sensors, and the upper ends of the displacement sensors are fixedly connected with the guide blocks; the bottom ends of the pressure sensors on the left side and the right side are respectively and fixedly connected with a first rotating rod and a second rotating rod, the bottom ends of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are respectively and rotatably connected with a first driving frame and a second driving frame, and a first rotating frame, a second rotating frame and a third rotating frame are respectively arranged in the first driving frame and the second driving frame; the first driving frame and the second driving frame are rotatably connected with a first rotating frame in the first rotating frame, the left end and the right end of the second rotating frame are rotatably connected with the inner wall of the first rotating frame, the front end and the rear end of a third rotating frame are rotatably connected with the inner wall of the second rotating frame, and the third rotating frame is in clearance fit with the foundation pile body; the left end of the second driving frame is fixedly connected with a first extrusion block; the first rotating rod is clamped and matched with the first extrusion block, the surface of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected with a second extrusion block at the upper end of the first extrusion block, and the second extrusion block is attached to the first extrusion block; and a pressing mechanism is arranged on the surface of the second driving frame and used for enabling the second driving frame to apply bearing capacity in the vertical direction to the pile foundation body under the action of the loading mechanism.
The pressing mechanism comprises a cover plate, a plurality of limiting rods are uniformly and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cover plate, the limiting rods are connected with the second driving frame in a sliding mode, a first spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of each limiting rod, and the other end of each first spring is fixedly connected with the second driving frame; a plurality of clamping blocks are uniformly and fixedly connected to the surface of the side end of the cover plate; the side end surface of the second driving frame is uniformly and rotatably connected with a plurality of buckles, and the buckles are clamped and matched with the clamping blocks; the bottom end of the second driving frame is rotatably connected with a rotating ring, and the surface of the upper end of the rotating ring is uniformly and fixedly connected with a plurality of arc-shaped racks; the surface of the bottom end of the buckle is fixedly connected with a half gear, and the half gear is meshed with the arc-shaped rack; and control mechanisms are arranged on the surfaces of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod and are used for controlling the pressing mechanism and the second driving frame to be locked and unlocked.
The control mechanism comprises a fixed rod and a push rod, the push rod is fixedly connected with the first rotating rod, and the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the second rotating rod; a push plate is fixedly connected to the rear side of the bottom end of the rotating ring, and the push rod is attached to the surface of the push plate; a first rotating block is rotatably connected to the bottom position of the right side of the second driving frame, a second rotating block is rotatably connected to the front position of the bottom end of the rotating ring, a second spring is arranged between the first rotating block and the second rotating block, and two ends of the second spring are fixedly connected with the first rotating block and the second rotating block respectively; the surface of the fixed rod is connected with a sliding column in a sliding manner, the upper end of the sliding column is fixedly connected with a third spring, the bottom end of the third spring is fixedly connected with the fixed rod, and the elasticity of the second spring is greater than that of all the first springs; the bottom end of the sliding column is rotatably connected with a roller, and the roller is matched with the surface of the upper end of the cover plate in a rolling manner.
The first steering mechanism comprises two worm wheels which are fixedly connected with the surfaces of the first rotating rod and the first driving frame at the rotating positions and the surfaces of the second rotating rod and the second driving frame at the rotating positions respectively; the surfaces of the two worm gears are rotatably connected with positioning frames, and the surface of the upper positioning frame is fixedly connected with a first motor; a telescopic rod is arranged between the positioning frames on the upper side and the lower side, the telescopic rod is rotationally connected with the positioning frames on the upper side and the lower side, and an output shaft of a first motor is fixedly connected with the telescopic rod; the upper side and the lower side of the telescopic rod are symmetrically and fixedly connected with worms, and the worms on the upper side and the lower side are respectively meshed with worm wheels on the upper side and the lower side.
The second steering mechanism comprises a second motor, the second motor is fixedly connected with the rotating frame, the right end of an output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected with a gear, an annular rack is arranged at the upper end of the gear, and the annular rack is meshed with the gear and is fixedly connected with the bearing plate.
The middle position of the bottom end of the bearing plate is provided with an annular guide rail, and the rotating frame is connected with the annular guide rail in a sliding manner; a groove is formed in the left side position of the upper end of the rotating frame and is in clearance fit with the annular rack.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the device is integrally sleeved and mounted on the surface of a pile foundation body;
step two: the first steering mechanism switches the loading mechanism to a vertical position and detects the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body in the vertical direction;
step three: the first steering mechanism switches the loading mechanism to a horizontal position and detects the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body in the horizontal direction;
step four: the second steering mechanism drives the rotating frame to rotate, and the rotating frame adjusts the loading mechanism at the horizontal position to the direction detection required by the pile foundation body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side are adjusted to the positions above the pile foundation through the first steering mechanism, and then the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side are driven simultaneously to apply a vertical downward force to the pile foundation body, so that the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body in the vertical direction can be detected; after the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body in the vertical direction is detected, the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side can be respectively adjusted to the left bottom end and the right upper end of the pile foundation body through the first steering mechanism, rightward thrust is applied to the upper end of the pile foundation body through the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side, leftward thrust is applied to the bottom end of the pile foundation body, the pile foundation body can incline through the thrust in the left side and the right side, meanwhile, the reaction force of the pile foundation body on the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side can be directly applied to the surface of the rotating frame, and the rotating frame can well offset the reaction force of the pile foundation body on the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side under the pressing of the heavy blocks on the surface of the bearing plate, so that the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side can apply larger thrust to the pile foundation body, and the detection accuracy of the pile foundation body is improved; the rotating frame can be driven to rotate through the second steering mechanism, and the loading mechanisms positioned on the left side and the right side of the pile foundation body can be adjusted to any direction of the side surface of the pile foundation body when the rotating frame rotates, so that the loading mechanisms can carry out multidirectional detection on the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body in the horizontal direction; the device can apply the bearing capacity of a plurality of directions to the pile foundation body to can carry out the measuring that multidirectional bearing capacity can promote the precision that the pile foundation body detected simultaneously to the pile foundation body.
2. According to the invention, when the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body in the vertical direction is detected through the control mechanism, the rotating ring is driven to rotate clockwise, all the arc-shaped racks on the surface of the rotating ring can be driven to rotate along with the rotating ring when the rotating ring rotates, the arc-shaped racks can drive the buckles to rotate through the half gears, when the rotating ring rotates for a certain angle, the buckles rotate to the positions clamped with the clamping blocks, the cover plate and the second driving frame are tightly connected together, and when the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side apply downward pressure to the second driving frame at the same time, the second driving frame applies downward pressure to the pile foundation body through the cover plate; when the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body in the horizontal direction is required to be detected, the control mechanism drives the rotating ring to reset, so that all the buckles can be separated from the clamping blocks, the cover plate can be bounced off by the first spring after the buckles are separated from the clamping blocks, the cover plate is separated from the pile foundation body, the cover plate can be effectively prevented from influencing the offset of the pile foundation body, and the accuracy of the bearing capacity detection of the pile foundation body in the horizontal direction is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a bottom view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the rotating frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic rear view of the inner structure of the rotating frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom view of a second driving frame according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the horizontal detection state of the pile body in the invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
the pile foundation structure comprises a bearing plate 1, a pile foundation body 2, a rotating frame 3, a guide frame 4, a first guide groove 5, a second guide groove 6, a guide block 7, a hydraulic rod 8, a pressure sensor 9, a displacement sensor 10, a first rotating rod 11, a second rotating rod 12, a first driving frame 13, a second driving frame 14, a second rotating frame 15, a third rotating frame 16, a first extrusion block 17, a second extrusion block 18, a cover plate 19, a limiting rod 20, a first spring 21, a clamping block 22, a clamping buckle 23, a rotating ring 24, an arc-shaped rack 25, a half gear 26, a fixing rod 27, a push rod 28, a push plate 29, a first rotating block 30, a second rotating block 31, a second spring 32, a sliding column 33, a third spring 34, a roller 35, a worm wheel 36, a positioning frame 37, a first motor 38, an expansion rod 39, a worm 40, a second motor 41, a gear 42, an annular rack 43, an annular guide rail 44, a groove 45 and a first rotating frame 46.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-9, the present invention provides a technical solution: the pile foundation structure comprises a bearing plate 1 and a pile foundation body 2, wherein the middle position of the bottom end of the bearing plate 1 is rotatably connected with a rotating frame 3, the pile foundation body 2 is positioned in the rotating frame 3, and loading mechanisms are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the surface of the pile foundation body 2 and distributed at the left side and the right side of the pile foundation body 2; the loading mechanism is used for applying bearing force in the vertical direction to the pile foundation body 2 and simultaneously applying thrust to the bottom of the left side and the upper part of the right side of the pile foundation body 2; the surface of the rotating frame 3 is provided with a first steering mechanism and a second steering mechanism, and the first steering mechanism is used for switching back and forth between the condition that the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side apply bearing force in the vertical direction to the pile foundation body 2 and the condition that the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side apply thrust in the horizontal direction to the pile foundation body 2; the second steering mechanism is used for driving the rotating frame 3 to rotate, and the bearing capacity in the horizontal direction, which is applied to the pile foundation body 2 by the loading mechanism, is switched in different directions at the side position of the pile foundation body 2 through the rotation of the rotating frame 3;
when the pile foundation bearing force detection device works, because the transverse vibration force can be applied to the pile foundation when a building supported by the pile foundation vibrates or the pile foundation supports some buildings designed into an inclined shape, the inclined building can apply transverse component force to the pile foundation, when the bearing force detection device detects the bearing force of the pile foundation, the bearing force of the pile foundation in the vertical direction and the transverse bearing force of the pile foundation body 2 need to be detected; the device adjusts the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side to the positions above the pile foundation through the first steering mechanism, and then drives the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side simultaneously to apply a vertical downward force to the pile foundation body 2, so that the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body 2 in the vertical direction can be detected; after the bearing capacity of the pile body 2 in the vertical direction is detected, the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side can be respectively adjusted to the left bottom end and the right upper end of the pile body 2 through the first steering mechanism, the right thrust and the left thrust are applied to the upper end of the pile body 2 through the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side, the pile body 2 can incline through the thrust in the left side and the right side, meanwhile, the reaction force of the pile body 2 on the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side can directly act on the surface of the rotating frame 3, the rotating frame 3 can well offset the reaction force of the pile body 2 on the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side under the pressing of the heavy blocks on the surface of the bearing plate 1, so that the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side can apply larger thrust to the pile body 2, and the detection accuracy of the pile body 2 is improved; the rotating frame 3 can be driven to rotate through the second steering mechanism, and the loading mechanisms positioned on the left side and the right side of the pile foundation body 2 can be adjusted to any direction of the side surface of the pile foundation body 2 when the rotating frame 3 rotates, so that the loading mechanisms can carry out multi-directional detection on the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body 2 in the horizontal direction; the device can apply the bearing capacity of a plurality of directions to pile foundation body 2 to can carry out the measuring that multidirectional bearing capacity can promote the precision that pile foundation body 2 detected simultaneously to pile foundation body 2.
As a further scheme of the invention, the loading mechanism comprises a guide frame 4, the guide frame 4 is fixedly connected with the rotating frame 3, and a first guide groove 5 and a second guide groove 6 are respectively arranged on the surface of the guide frame 4 at the left side and the right side of the rotating center point of the rotating frame 3; the first guide groove 5 and the second guide groove 6 are both connected with a guide block 7 in a sliding manner, the bottom end of the guide block 7 is fixedly connected with a hydraulic rod 8, the bottom end of the hydraulic rod 8 is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor 9, the surface of the pressure sensor 9 is fixedly connected with a displacement sensor 10, and the upper end of the displacement sensor 10 is fixedly connected with the guide block 7; the bottom ends of the left and right pressure sensors 9 are respectively and fixedly connected with a first rotating rod 11 and a second rotating rod 12, the bottom ends of the first rotating rod 11 and the second rotating rod 12 are respectively and rotatably connected with a first driving frame 13 and a second driving frame 14, and a first rotating frame 46, a second rotating frame 15 and a third rotating frame 16 are arranged inside the first driving frame 13 and the second driving frame 14; the first driving frame 13 and the second driving frame 14 are rotatably connected with a first rotating frame 46 inside the first driving frame, the left end and the right end of a second rotating frame 15 are rotatably connected with the inner wall of the first rotating frame 46, the front end and the rear end of a third rotating frame 16 are rotatably connected with the inner wall of the second rotating frame 15, and the third rotating frame 16 is in clearance fit with the foundation pile body; a first extrusion block 17 is fixedly connected to the left end of the second driving frame 14; the first rotating rod 11 is in clamping fit with the first extrusion block 17, a second extrusion block 18 is fixedly connected to the surface of the first rotating rod 11 at the upper end of the first extrusion block 17, and the second extrusion block 18 is attached to the first extrusion block 17; the surface of the second driving frame 14 is provided with a pressing mechanism, and the pressing mechanism is used for enabling the second driving frame 14 to apply a bearing capacity in the vertical direction to the pile foundation body 2 under the action of the loading mechanism; when the device works, the hydraulic rods 8 on the left side and the right side are started to apply upward force to the guide blocks 7 on the left side and the right side and apply downward force to the first rotating rod 11 and the second rotating rod 12 at the same time, the upward force of the guide blocks 7 can be transmitted to the surface of the bearing plate 1 through the guide frame 4 and the rotating frame 3, and the upward force applied to the guide blocks 7 by the hydraulic rods 8 can be counteracted through the weights on the surface of the bearing plate 1; the first rotating rod 11 can apply a downward force to the first extrusion block 17 through the second extrusion block 18, the first extrusion block 17 and the second rotating rod 12 simultaneously apply a downward force to the second driving frame 14, and the second driving frame 14 can apply a downward force to the pile foundation body 2 through the pressing mechanism; the pressure sensor 9 can detect the force applied by the hydraulic rod 8 to the pile foundation body 2 in real time, and the displacement sensor 10 can detect whether the pile foundation body 2 is deviated or not, so that the detection of the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body 2 in the vertical direction can be realized; all rotate rather than inside first rotating rack 46 through first drive frame 13 and second drive frame 14 and be connected, can make first dwang 11 and second dwang 12 drive first drive frame 13 and second drive frame 14 and can rotate pile foundation body 2 surperficial optional position and exert thrust to pile foundation body 2, can make pile foundation body 2 can take place to squint to arbitrary direction through second rotating rack 15 and third rotating rack 16, thereby be convenient for detect the bearing capacity of 2 horizontal directions of pile foundation body.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the pressing mechanism includes a cover plate 19, a plurality of limiting rods 20 are uniformly and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cover plate 19, the limiting rods 20 are slidably connected to the second driving frame 14, the bottom end of the limiting rods 20 is fixedly connected to a first spring 21, and the other end of the first spring 21 is fixedly connected to the second driving frame 14; a plurality of clamping blocks 22 are uniformly and fixedly connected to the surface of the side end of the cover plate 19; the surface of the side end of the second driving frame 14 is uniformly and rotatably connected with a plurality of buckles 23, and the buckles 23 are in clamping fit with the clamping blocks 22; the bottom end of the second driving frame 14 is rotatably connected with a rotating ring 24, and the surface of the upper end of the rotating ring 24 is uniformly and fixedly connected with a plurality of arc-shaped racks 25; the surface of the bottom end of the buckle 23 is fixedly connected with a half gear 26, and the half gear 26 is meshed with the arc-shaped rack 25; the surfaces of the first rotating rod 11 and the second rotating rod 12 are provided with control mechanisms, and the control mechanisms are used for controlling the pressing mechanism and the second driving frame to be locked and unlocked; during operation, when the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body 2 in the horizontal direction is detected, if the cover plate 19 is attached to the upper end surface of the pile foundation body 2, the cover plate 19 can block the pile foundation body 2 from shifting, so that the detection of the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body 2 in the horizontal direction can be influenced, and when the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body 2 in the vertical direction is detected, the second driving frame 14 needs to apply a downward acting force to the pile foundation body 2 through the cover plate 19; when the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body 2 in the vertical direction is detected through the control mechanism, the rotating ring 24 is driven to rotate clockwise, the rotating ring 24 can drive all the arc-shaped racks 25 on the surface to rotate along with the rotating ring 24 when rotating, the arc-shaped racks 25 can drive the buckles 23 to rotate through the half gears 26, when the rotating ring 24 rotates for a certain angle, the buckles 23 rotate to the positions clamped with the clamping blocks 22, at the moment, the cover plate 19 is tightly connected with the second driving frame 14, and when the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side apply downward pressure to the second driving frame 14 at the same time, the second driving frame 14 applies downward pressure to the pile foundation body 2 through the cover plate 19; when the bearing capacity of horizontal direction detects pile foundation body 2 as required, control mechanism drive swivel 24 resets to can make all buckles 23 break away from with fixture block 22, break away from the back when buckle 23 and fixture block 22, first spring 21 then can be opened apron 19 bullet, make apron 19 break away from with pile foundation body 2, thereby can prevent effectively that apron 19 from influencing the skew of pile foundation body 2, promoted the precision that 2 horizontal direction bearing capacity of pile foundation body detected.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the control mechanism includes a fixing rod 27 and a push rod 28, the push rod 28 is fixedly connected with the first rotating rod 11 and the fixing rod 27 is fixedly connected with the second rotating rod 12; a push plate 29 is fixedly connected to the rear side position of the bottom end of the rotating ring 24, and the push rod 28 is attached to the surface of the push plate 29; a first rotating block 30 is rotatably connected to the bottom end position of the right side of the second driving frame 14, a second rotating block 31 is rotatably connected to the front side position of the bottom end of the rotating ring 24, a second spring 32 is arranged between the first rotating block 30 and the second rotating block 31, and two ends of the second spring 32 are fixedly connected with the first rotating block 30 and the second rotating block 31 respectively; a sliding column 33 is connected to the surface of the fixed rod 27 in a sliding manner, a third spring 34 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding column 33, the bottom end of the third spring 34 is fixedly connected with the fixed rod 27, and the elastic force of the second spring 32 is larger than that of all the first springs 21; the bottom end of the sliding column 33 is rotatably connected with a roller 35, and the roller 35 is in rolling fit with the upper end surface of the cover plate 19; during operation, when the pile foundation body 2 needs to be subjected to detection of vertical bearing capacity, the first rotating rod 11 and the second rotating rod 12 can be driven to rotate upwards through the first steering mechanism, the second rotating rod 12 can drive the third spring 34 and the sliding column 33 to rotate downwards through the fixing rod 27 when rotating upwards, when the roller 35 on the surface of the sliding column 33 contacts the cover plate 19, the sliding column 33 starts to be driven to press the cover plate 19 downwards under the action of the third spring 34, when the cover plate 19 rotates to the position contacting with the pile foundation body, the first rotating rod 11 and the second rotating rod 12 continue to rotate at the moment, the second rotating rod 12 starts to compress the third spring 34 through the fixing rod 27, the first rotating rod 11 drives the push rod 28 on the surface of the first rotating rod 11 to start to push the push plate 29, the push plate 29 can be driven to rotate through the push rod 28, and the rotating ring 24 can be driven to clamp the clamping block 23 to clamp the clamping block 22 when rotating.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the first steering mechanism comprises two worm wheels 36, and the two worm wheels 36 are respectively and fixedly connected with the surface of the first rotating rod 11 and the position of the rotating position of the first driving frame 13 and the surface of the second rotating rod 12 and the position of the rotating position of the second driving frame 14; the surfaces of the two worm gears 36 are both rotatably connected with a positioning frame 37, and the surface of the upper positioning frame 37 is fixedly connected with a first motor 38; an expansion link 39 is arranged between the positioning frames 37 at the upper side and the lower side, the expansion link 39 is rotatably connected with the positioning frames 37 at the upper side and the lower side, and an output shaft of a first motor 38 is fixedly connected with the expansion link 39; the upper side and the lower side of the telescopic rod 39 are symmetrically and fixedly connected with worms 40, and the worms 40 on the upper side and the lower side are respectively meshed with worm wheels 36 on the upper side and the lower side; during operation, when the loading mechanism is switched to apply the bearing force to the pile foundation body 2 through adjusting the position of the loading mechanism, the worm 40 at the upper side position can be driven to rotate by starting the first motor 38, the worm 40 at the upper side position can drive the worm 40 at the bottom end position to rotate through the telescopic rod 39, the worm 40 at the upper side and the lower side can drive the worm wheels 36 at the upper side and the lower side to rotate, the worm wheels 36 at the upper side and the lower side can respectively drive the second rotating rod 12 and the first rotating rod 11 to rotate when rotating, and the positions of the guide block 7 and the hydraulic rod 8 in the guide grooves can be adjusted when rotating through the first rotating rod 11 and the second rotating rod 12.
As a further scheme of the present invention, the second steering mechanism includes a second motor 41, the second motor 41 is fixedly connected with the rotating frame 3, the right end of the output shaft of the second motor 41 is fixedly connected with a gear 42, the upper end of the gear 42 is provided with an annular rack 43, the annular rack 43 is engaged with the gear 42, and the annular rack 43 is fixedly connected with the bearing plate 1; during operation, when loading mechanism is in the position of applying the horizontal direction thrust to pile foundation body 2, can drive gear 42 through starting second motor 41 this moment and rotate, can drive when gear 42 rotates and rotate frame 3 under the effect of annular rack 43, can play the position of applying the bearing capacity of horizontal direction with loading mechanism to pile foundation body 2 when rotating frame 3 rotates.
As a further scheme of the invention, the middle position of the bottom end of the bearing plate 1 is provided with an annular guide rail 44, and the rotating frame 3 is connected with the annular guide rail 44 in a sliding way; a groove 45 is formed in the left side of the upper end of the rotating frame 3, and the groove 45 is in clearance fit with the annular rack 43; during operation, the rotating frame 3 can be further lifted up by slidably connecting the rotating frame 3 with the annular guide rail 44, so that the rotating frame 3 can rotate more stably at the bottom end of the bearing plate 1.
A multidirectional loading detection method for pile foundation bearing capacity comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the device is integrally sleeved and installed on the surface of a pile foundation body 2;
step two: the first steering mechanism switches the loading mechanism to a vertical position, and the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body 2 in the vertical direction is detected;
step three: the first steering mechanism switches the loading mechanism to a horizontal position, and detects the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body 2 in the horizontal direction;
step four: the second steering mechanism drives the rotating frame 3 to rotate, and the rotating frame 3 adjusts the loading mechanism at the horizontal position to the direction detection required by the pile foundation body 2.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a multidirectional loading detection device of pile foundation bearing capacity, includes loading board (1) and pile foundation body (2), its characterized in that: the middle position of the bottom end of the bearing plate (1) is rotatably connected with a rotating frame (3), the pile foundation body (2) is positioned in the rotating frame (3), loading mechanisms are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the surface of the pile foundation body (2), and the loading mechanisms are distributed at the left side and the right side of the pile foundation body (2); the loading mechanism is used for applying bearing capacity in the vertical direction to the pile foundation body (2) and simultaneously applying thrust to the bottom of the left side and the upper part of the right side of the pile foundation body (2); the surface of the rotating frame (3) is provided with a first steering mechanism and a second steering mechanism, and the first steering mechanism is used for switching back and forth between the condition that the loading mechanisms on the left side and the right side apply bearing capacity in the vertical direction to the pile foundation body (2) and the condition that thrust in the horizontal direction is applied to the pile foundation body (2); the second steering mechanism is used for driving the rotating frame (3) to rotate, and the bearing capacity in the horizontal direction, which is applied to the pile foundation body (2) by the loading mechanism, is switched in different directions at the side position of the pile foundation body (2) through the rotation of the rotating frame (3);
the loading mechanism comprises a guide frame (4), the guide frame (4) is fixedly connected with the rotating frame (3), and a first guide groove (5) and a second guide groove (6) are respectively arranged on the surface of the guide frame (4) at the left side and the right side of the rotating center point of the rotating frame (3); the guide blocks (7) are connected in the first guide groove (5) and the second guide groove (6) in a sliding mode, the bottom end of each guide block (7) is fixedly connected with a hydraulic rod (8), the bottom end of each hydraulic rod (8) is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor (9), the surface of each pressure sensor (9) is fixedly connected with a displacement sensor (10), and the upper end of each displacement sensor (10) is fixedly connected with the corresponding guide block (7); the bottom ends of the pressure sensors (9) on the left side and the right side are respectively and fixedly connected with a first rotating rod (11) and a second rotating rod (12), the bottom ends of the first rotating rod (11) and the second rotating rod (12) are respectively and rotatably connected with a first driving frame (13) and a second driving frame (14), and a first rotating frame (46), a second rotating frame (15) and a third rotating frame (16) are respectively arranged inside the first driving frame (13) and the second driving frame (14); the first driving frame (13) and the second driving frame (14) are rotatably connected with a first rotating frame (46) inside the first driving frame, the left end and the right end of the second rotating frame (15) are rotatably connected with the inner wall of the first rotating frame (46), the front end and the rear end of a third rotating frame (16) are rotatably connected with the inner wall of the second rotating frame (15), and the third rotating frame (16) is in clearance fit with the foundation pile body; a first extrusion block (17) is fixedly connected to the left end of the second driving frame (14); the first rotating rod (11) is in clamping fit with the first extrusion block (17), a second extrusion block (18) is fixedly connected to the surface of the first rotating rod (11) at the upper end of the first extrusion block (17), and the second extrusion block (18) is attached to the first extrusion block (17); the surface of the second driving frame (14) is provided with a pressing mechanism, and the pressing mechanism is used for enabling the second driving frame (14) to apply bearing capacity in the vertical direction to the pile foundation body (2) under the action of the loading mechanism;
the pressing mechanism comprises a cover plate (19), a plurality of limiting rods (20) are uniformly and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cover plate (19), the limiting rods (20) are in sliding connection with the second driving frame (14), a first spring (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of each limiting rod (20), and the other end of each first spring (21) is fixedly connected with the second driving frame (14); a plurality of clamping blocks (22) are uniformly and fixedly connected to the surface of the side end of the cover plate (19); the surface of the side end of the second driving frame (14) is uniformly and rotatably connected with a plurality of buckles (23), and the buckles (23) are in clamping fit with the clamping blocks (22); the bottom end of the second driving frame (14) is rotatably connected with a rotating ring (24), and the upper end surface of the rotating ring (24) is uniformly and fixedly connected with a plurality of arc-shaped racks (25); the bottom end surface of the buckle (23) is fixedly connected with a half gear (26), and the half gear (26) is meshed with the arc-shaped rack (25); the surfaces of the first rotating rod (11) and the second rotating rod (12) are provided with control mechanisms, and the control mechanisms are used for controlling the pressing mechanism and the second driving frame to be locked and unlocked;
the first steering mechanism comprises two worm wheels (36), and the two worm wheels (36) are respectively and fixedly connected with the surfaces of the first rotating rod (11) and the first driving frame (13) at the rotating positions and the surfaces of the second rotating rod (12) and the second driving frame (14) at the rotating positions; the surfaces of the two worm gears (36) are rotatably connected with positioning frames (37), and the surface of the upper positioning frame (37) is fixedly connected with a first motor (38); an expansion link (39) is arranged between the positioning frames (37) on the upper side and the lower side, the expansion link (39) is rotatably connected with the positioning frames (37) on the upper side and the lower side, and an output shaft of a first motor (38) is fixedly connected with the expansion link (39); the upper side and the lower side of the telescopic rod (39) are symmetrically and fixedly connected with worms (40), and the worms (40) on the upper side and the lower side are respectively meshed with worm wheels (36) on the upper side and the lower side.
2. The multidirectional loading detection device for the bearing capacity of the pile foundation of claim 1, wherein: the control mechanism comprises a fixed rod (27) and a push rod (28), the push rod (28) is fixedly connected with the first rotating rod (11), and the fixed rod (27) is fixedly connected with the second rotating rod (12); a push plate (29) is fixedly connected to the rear side position of the bottom end of the rotating ring (24), and the push rod (28) is attached to the surface of the push plate (29); a first rotating block (30) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the right side of the second driving frame (14), a second rotating block (31) is rotatably connected to the front side of the bottom end of the rotating ring (24), a second spring (32) is arranged between the first rotating block (30) and the second rotating block (31), and two ends of the second spring (32) are fixedly connected with the first rotating block (30) and the second rotating block (31) respectively; the surface of the fixed rod (27) is connected with a sliding column (33) in a sliding manner, the upper end of the sliding column (33) is fixedly connected with a third spring (34), the bottom end of the third spring (34) is fixedly connected with the fixed rod (27), and the elastic force of the second spring (32) is greater than that of all the first springs (21); the bottom end of the sliding column (33) is rotatably connected with a roller (35), and the roller (35) is matched with the upper end surface of the cover plate (19) in a rolling manner.
3. The multidirectional loading detection device of pile foundation bearing capacity of claim 1, characterized in that: the second steering mechanism comprises a second motor (41), the second motor (41) is fixedly connected with the rotating frame (3), a gear (42) is fixedly connected to the right end of an output shaft of the second motor (41), an annular rack (43) is arranged at the upper end of the gear (42), the annular rack (43) is meshed with the gear (42), and the annular rack (43) is fixedly connected with the bearing plate (1).
4. The multidirectional loading detection device for the bearing capacity of the pile foundation of claim 1, wherein: an annular guide rail (44) is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the bearing plate (1), and the rotating frame (3) is connected with the annular guide rail (44) in a sliding manner; a groove (45) is formed in the left side position of the upper end of the rotating frame (3), and the groove (45) is in clearance fit with the annular rack (43).
5. A multidirectional loading detection method for bearing capacity of a pile foundation is applicable to the multidirectional loading detection device for the bearing capacity of the pile foundation in any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the device is integrally sleeved and mounted on the surface of a pile foundation body (2);
step two: the first steering mechanism switches the loading mechanism to a vertical position and detects the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body (2) in the vertical direction;
step three: the first steering mechanism switches the loading mechanism to a horizontal position and detects the bearing capacity of the pile foundation body (2) in the horizontal direction;
step four: the second steering mechanism drives the rotating frame (3) to rotate, and the rotating frame (3) adjusts the loading mechanism at the horizontal position to the direction detection required by the pile foundation body (2).
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