CN109504872A - A kind of high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire and its preparation process - Google Patents

A kind of high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire and its preparation process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109504872A
CN109504872A CN201811634762.1A CN201811634762A CN109504872A CN 109504872 A CN109504872 A CN 109504872A CN 201811634762 A CN201811634762 A CN 201811634762A CN 109504872 A CN109504872 A CN 109504872A
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copper alloy
contact wire
alloy
strength wearable
bar base
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Inventor
王扬虎
张剑
孙庆伦
高宪武
王继然
朱振峰
张继翔
李广省
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SHANDONG YANGGU CABLE GROUP CO Ltd
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SHANDONG YANGGU CABLE GROUP CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201811634762.1A priority Critical patent/CN109504872A/en
Publication of CN109504872A publication Critical patent/CN109504872A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
    • B21C37/045Manufacture of wire or bars with particular section or properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/045Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60MPOWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M1/00Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
    • B60M1/12Trolley lines; Accessories therefor
    • B60M1/13Trolley wires
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to copper alloy technology manufacture fields, and in particular to a kind of high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire and its preparation process.The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire by weight percentage, including rare earth element 0.01-0.30%, metal oxide 0.01-0.10%, surplus be copper alloy;Preparation process includes alloy product preparation, Semi-solid Material Processing, horizontal casting, continuously extruded, cold working for the first time, solution treatment, second of cold working, two-stage time effect, drawing molding.The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire has preferable electric conductivity, higher intensity, preferable heat-resisting quantity and wearability, and the high-speed railway that can be used as high-speed railway especially speed per hour at 400 kilometers or more contacts wire material.

Description

A kind of high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire and its preparation process
Technical field
The present invention relates to contact line technology manufacture fields, and in particular to a kind of high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire and its preparation Technique.
Background technique
Development with from electric railway to high-speed overload direction proposes tightened up requirement to the performance of contact line, Novel contact line will not only have excellent electric conductivity, also have preferable wearability, the property of softening resistant to high temperatures and tension strong Degree.Currently, the conductor material that high-speed rail contact line uses mainly has Cu-Mg, Cu-Sn, Cu-Ag, Cu-Sn-Ag, Cu-Ag-Zr, Cu- The series Cu alloy such as Cr-Zr, wherein Cu-Cr-Zr shows more excellent intensity and conductivity comprehensive performance, but these connect Contradiction of the touching wire material all without very good solution intensity and electric conductivity, the material to conduct electricity very well, intensity are lower;Intensity is high Material, electric conductivity is weaker, causes the comprehensive performance of material undesirable.
In June, 2016, State Council have approved the Mid-term and Long-term Plan of the Railway Network for newly repairing volume, clearly propose in initial planning On the basis of " four vertical four is horizontal " main framing, increase passenger flow is supported, standard is suitable for, the high-speed railway of development need, makes full use of simultaneously Existing railway forms the high-speed railway supplemented using " Eight Verticals and Eight Horizontals " main channel as skeleton, the linking of region connecting line, inter-city passenger rail Net builds up high speed rail system of the speed per hour at 400 kilometers or more to the year two thousand twenty, and high-speed railway revenue kilometres reach 3.5 ten thousand kilometers. This means that matched contact line material property-intensity and conductivity must also further increase, existing contact wire rod Material is still difficult to meet the requirements.Patent application 2007101955236 discloses a kind of copper alloy contact wire and preparation method thereof, uses The method of internal oxidition reduction prepares Cu-Al2O3Alloy powder, then sintering, drawing prepare copper alloy contact wire;This preparation side Although method carries out dispersion-strengtherning to copper alloy, need to prepare oxygen source in preparation, it is complicated for operation, it is at high cost, made from this method Though the more existing contact line of copper alloy contact wire improves intensity, limits throughput can not industrialization batch production.Therefore, it needs Novel high-performance alloy is developed, industrialization production is suitable for, preferably to adapt to the lasting speed-raising development of high-speed railway.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to solve the above technical problems, provide a kind of high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire and its preparation process, The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire has preferable electric conductivity, higher intensity, preferable heat-resisting quantity and wearability, can make High-speed railway for high-speed railway especially speed per hour at 400 kilometers or more per hour contacts wire material.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, by weight percentage, including rare earth element 0.01-0.30%, metal Oxide 0.01-0.10%, surplus are copper alloy.
The weight percent composition of each ingredient in the copper alloy are as follows: Cr 0.10-0.60%, Zr 0.01-0.10%, it is remaining Amount is copper.
The rare earth element is Re, and the metal oxide is Al2O3、ZrO2、SiO2、Y2O3Or ThO2
The total impurities < 0.1% of the high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire;The percentage < of every kind of impurity element weight 0.03%.
The metal oxide is metal oxide powder.
A kind of technique preparing high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, including following operating procedure:
(1) alloy product is prepared: each component is added in certain sequence, is kept the temperature, is obtained alloy product, it is spare;
(2) online melt Semi-solid Material Processing: online Semi-solid Material Processing is carried out to alloy product made from step (1), is obtained molten Body;
(3) horizontal casting: slab is carried out to the melt of step (2) and draws casting;
(4) continuously extruded: continuously extruded processing being carried out to the slab of step (3), obtains bar base;
(5) it is cold worked for the first time: emulsion spray cooling treatment being carried out to the bar base of step (4), obtains a cooling rod base;
(6) solution treatment: a cooling rod base of step (5) is dissolved, Water Quenching;
(7) it is cold worked for second: emulsion spray cooling being carried out to the bar base that step (6) solid solution, Water Quenching obtain, is obtained Secondary cooling bar base;
(8) 300-400 DEG C of the heat preservation of level-one timeliness and 400- two-stage time effect: are carried out to the secondary cooling bar base of step (7) 500 DEG C of secondary aging insulation;
(9) drawing forms: the bar base after step (8) bipolar ageing treatment is drawn into the contact line of required sectional dimension, To obtain the final product.
Step (1) holding temperature is 100-1200 DEG C, soaking time > 15min;
The online melt Semi-solid Material Processing temperature of step (2) is 1081-1083 DEG C;
Step (3) slab diameter range 40-90mm;
The bar base inlet wire speed control of step (4) extrusion process is in 5-7m/min;Extruding shank diameter is 25-35mm;
Total cold working amount > 40% of step (5) cold working for the first time, drawing speed are controlled in 15-25m/min;
900-1000 DEG C of solid solubility temperature of step (6), solution time 1-3h are immediately placed in quenching-in water after heating, It quenches water temperature and is lower than 30 DEG C, steep in pond to room temperature;
Second of total cold working amount > 50% being cold worked of step (7), drawing speed are controlled in 20-30m/min;
Step (8) level-one timeliness keeps the temperature 1-2h;Secondary aging insulation 2-5h;
The drawing speed of step (9) is controlled in 10-20m/min.
Step (1) alloy product preparation steps are as follows: according to Cr, Zr is first added, rare earth element is added after dissolving, is finally added Al2O3The sequence of powder, with obtained alloy product.
Step (1) alloy product preparation steps can be with are as follows: according to first adding Cu-Cr intermediate alloy, close among Cu-Zr Gold adds rare earth element, finally adds Cu-Al after dissolving2O3The sequence of alloy, with obtained alloy product.Due to by it is each it is micro at Point intermediate alloy is made is added, and is convenient for alloy preparation, makes alloy product dispersion more evenly, dissolves each other, avoids dispersion not Uniformity.
Step (8) bipolar timeliness further includes carrying out very while bipolar ageing treatment to step (7) secondary cooling bar base The step of sky heat treatment, inert gas shielding.
Advantageous effects of the invention:
1, the addition of rare earth element Re of the present invention plays the role of deoxidation dehydrogenation and removes objectionable impurities.Rare earth element Chemical activity is strong, therefore the affinity of rare earth and oxygen is much larger than the affinity of copper and oxygen, and the fusing point of the rare earth oxide generated Higher than copper, density ratio copper is small, and good deoxidation is played in fusion process;Rare earth element Re can also be with many low-melting constituents In conjunction with the binary or multi-element compounds for forming infusibility, these compounds can be discharged together with slag, play removing objectionable impurities Effect;The catharsis of rare earth element Re reduces the impurity in copper, and distortion of lattice weakens, and electron scattering probability is reduced, conductive Performance improvement;The catharsis of Re enhances the binding force between copper atom, along with the micro solution strengthening effect of Re, makes copper The hardness of alloy increases;By adding rare earth element Re, refine dendrite, the grain boundary area in unit volume increases, to dislocation The resistance of movement also further increases, so that alloy rigidity be made to increase, wear-resisting property is improved.
2, the present invention is by introducing equally distributed, tiny three oxidations with good thermal stability into Copper substrate Two aluminium strengthen the performance of copper to be made material requested, this artificial Second Phase Particle to be added into copper, to Copper substrate Strengthen is to develop high-strength, high-conductivity copper alloy developing direction.It is introduced in Copper substrate micro, tiny, Dispersed precipitate hard Particle phase prevents the movement of dislocation due to the pinning effect of hardening constituent, to effectively prevent the reply and again of Copper substrate Crystallization substantially increases the intensity and thermal stability of matrix copper, and conductive, the thermally conductive reduced performance of matrix copper is few.
3, the present invention passes through the addition of rare earth element and metal oxide, and the overall performance of contact line has obtained mentioning significantly It rises, compares existing common contact line, and the copper alloy contact wire strengthened through metal oxide, no matter tensile strength, conductivity, Or wearability, service life etc. significantly improve, and the scale suitable for Modern High-Speed railway talks about development.
4, preparation process of the present invention is solid using half before horizontal casting specifically for aforementioned copper alloy contact wire product development State processing step can make the more uniform of the alloying elements distribution inside copper alloy, considerably reduce the dendritic structure of alloy, And then reduce the single shear band structure inside alloy, and there are certain solid-liquor separation phenomenons in process, so that table Face crystal grain is relatively internal certain refinement, to further improve the wearability of copper alloy surface.Existing contact line is processed Continuous up-casting in preparation is adjusted to horizontal casting processing, eliminates crackle in contact line process, hollow and impurity significantly Exceeded defect.By higher temperature solid solution, alloying element forms supersaturated solid solution in copper, and causes copper crystal lattice seriously abnormal Become, so that its intensity is greatly improved, and its electric conductivity declines, and after continuing on through two-stage time effect processing, most alloy member Element is precipitated from solid solution again, forms the precipitated phase of Dispersed precipitate, the conductivity of alloy improves rapidly at this time, while these disperses The movement of crystal boundary and dislocation is effectively mutually prevented, so that alloy be made still to keep higher intensity.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Each embodiment at being grouped as following table 1:
Table 1
Serial number Cu Cr Zr Al2O3 Re Impurity content
Embodiment 1 99.61 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.01 0.08
Embodiment 2 99.32 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.30 0.08
Embodiment 3 99.70 0.10 0.10 0.01 0.01 0.08
Embodiment 4 99.52 0.20 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.05
Embodiment 5 99.39 0.30 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.07
Embodiment 6 99.24 0.40 0.05 0.06 0.20 0.05
Embodiment 7 99.15 0.50 0.03 0.03 0.25 0.04
Embodiment 8 99.05 0.60 0.01 0.01 0.30 0.03
Embodiment 1
The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, by weight percentage, composition are as follows: Cr 0.10%, Zr 0.10%, Al2O3 0.10%, Re 0.01%, copper 99.61%, inevitable impurity 0.08%.
The preparation process of above-mentioned high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, includes the following steps:
(1) alloy product is prepared
Fusion temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, in smelting furnace after tough cathode is completely melt, is passed through and is full of to smelting furnace top N2, N2Throughput is 20L/min;Smelting furnace surface covers one layer of crystalline flake graphite and charcoal, then adds alloy;Alloy addition is suitable Sequence is first to add Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, adds Re intermediate alloy after the fusing of Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, finally adds Cu-Al2O3 Alloy;Holding temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, soaking time > 15min;
(2) Semi-solid Material Processing
It after to liquid alloy product heat preservation in step (1), is introduced into online Semi-solid Material Processing device, carries out online Semi-solid Material Processing;Semi-solid Material Processing device is in charcoal, and the temperature of Semi-solid Material Processing is 1081 DEG C;
(3) horizontal casting
By the resulting melt in semi-solid state of step (2), slab is carried out by horizontal continuous casting crystallizer and draws casting, is cast Base diameter range 40-90mm;
(4) continuously extruded
The resulting slab of step (3) is subjected to continuously extruded, pressure ram diameter range 25-35mm, slab inlet wire speed control System obtains bar base in 5-7m/min;
(5) it is cold worked for the first time
Bar base obtained by step (4) is machined to 22-30mm, total cold working amount > 40% using drawing equipment;Drawing Speed control obtains a cooling rod base using emulsion spray cooling in 15-25m/min;
(6) solution treatment
A cooling rod base obtained by step (5) is subjected to solution treatment, 900 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, solution time 3h adds Quenching-in water is immediately placed in after heat, quenching water temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, steeps in pond to room temperature;
(7) it is cold worked for second
The bar base that step (6) solid solution, Water Quenching obtain is machined to 15-20mm, drawing speed control with drawing equipment In 20-30m/min, and, total cold deformation > 50%, per pass cold deformation > 15% cooling with emulsion spray, Obtain secondary cooling bar base;
(8) two-stage time effect
By secondary cooling bar base obtained by step (7) under vacuum, inert gas shielding, handled using two-stage time effect, Two-stage time effect process is to be warming up to 500 DEG C of heat preservation 2h after being heated to 400 DEG C of heat preservation 2h of aging temp;
(9) drawing forms
Bar base after step (8) bipolar ageing treatment is drawn into the contact line of required sectional dimension, drawing process uses Emulsion spray is cooling, and drawing speed control is 150mm in 10-20m/min, the area of section of gained contact line2
Embodiment 2
The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, by weight percentage, composition are as follows: Cr 0.10%, Zr 0.10%, Al2O3 0.10%, Re 0.30%, copper 99.32%, inevitable impurity 0.08%.
The preparation process of above-mentioned high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, includes the following steps:
(1) alloy product is prepared
Fusion temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, in smelting furnace after tough cathode is completely melt, is passed through and is full of to smelting furnace top N2, N2Throughput is 20L/min;Smelting furnace surface covers one layer of crystalline flake graphite and charcoal, then adds alloy;Alloy addition is suitable Sequence is first to add Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, adds Re intermediate alloy after the fusing of Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, finally adds Cu-Al2O3 Alloy;Holding temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, soaking time > 15min;
(2) Semi-solid Material Processing
It after to liquid alloy product heat preservation in step (1), is introduced into online Semi-solid Material Processing device, carries out online Semi-solid Material Processing;Semi-solid Material Processing device is in charcoal, and the temperature of Semi-solid Material Processing is 1081 DEG C;
(3) horizontal casting
By the resulting melt in semi-solid state of step (2), slab is carried out by horizontal continuous casting crystallizer and draws casting, is cast Base diameter range 40-90mm;
(4) continuously extruded
The resulting slab of step (3) is subjected to continuously extruded, pressure ram diameter range 25-35mm, slab inlet wire speed control System obtains bar base in 5-7m/min;
(5) it is cold worked for the first time
Bar base obtained by step (4) is machined to 22-30mm, total cold working amount > 40% using drawing equipment;Drawing Speed control obtains a cooling rod base using emulsion spray cooling in 15-25m/min;
(6) solution treatment
A cooling rod base obtained by step (5) is subjected to solution treatment, 900 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, solution time 3h adds Quenching-in water is immediately placed in after heat, quenching water temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, steeps in pond to room temperature;
(7) it is cold worked for second
The bar base that step (6) solid solution, Water Quenching obtain is machined to 15-20mm, drawing speed control with drawing equipment In 20-30m/min, and, total cold deformation > 50%, per pass cold deformation > 15% cooling with emulsion spray, Obtain secondary cooling bar base;
(8) two-stage time effect
By secondary cooling bar base obtained by step (7) under vacuum, inert gas shielding, handled using two-stage time effect, Two-stage time effect process is to be warming up to 500 DEG C of heat preservation 2h after being heated to 400 DEG C of heat preservation 2h of aging temp;
(9) drawing forms
Bar base after step (8) bipolar ageing treatment is drawn into the contact line of required sectional dimension, drawing process uses Emulsion spray is cooling, and drawing speed control is 150mm in 10-20m/min, the area of section of gained contact line2
Embodiment 3
The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, by weight percentage, composition are as follows: Cr 0.10%, Zr 0.10%, Al2O3 0.01%, Re 0.01%, copper 99.70%, inevitable impurity 0.08%.
The preparation process of above-mentioned high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, includes the following steps:
(1) alloy product is prepared
Fusion temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, in smelting furnace after tough cathode is completely melt, is passed through and is full of to smelting furnace top N2, N2Throughput is 20L/min;Smelting furnace surface covers one layer of crystalline flake graphite and charcoal, then adds alloy;Alloy addition is suitable Sequence is first to add Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, adds Re intermediate alloy after the fusing of Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, finally adds Cu-Al2O3 Alloy;Holding temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, soaking time > 15min;
(2) Semi-solid Material Processing
It after to liquid alloy product heat preservation in step (1), is introduced into online Semi-solid Material Processing device, carries out online Semi-solid Material Processing;Semi-solid Material Processing device is in charcoal, and the temperature of Semi-solid Material Processing is 1081 DEG C;
(3) horizontal casting
By the resulting melt in semi-solid state of step (2), slab is carried out by horizontal continuous casting crystallizer and draws casting, is cast Base diameter range 40-90mm;
(4) continuously extruded
The resulting slab of step (3) is subjected to continuously extruded, pressure ram diameter range 25-35mm, slab inlet wire speed control System obtains bar base in 5-7m/min;
(5) it is cold worked for the first time
Bar base obtained by step (4) is machined to 22-30mm, total cold working amount > 40% using drawing equipment;Drawing Speed control obtains a cooling rod base using emulsion spray cooling in 15-25m/min;
(6) solution treatment
A cooling rod base obtained by step (5) is subjected to solution treatment, 900 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, solution time 3h adds Quenching-in water is immediately placed in after heat, quenching water temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, steeps in pond to room temperature;
(7) it is cold worked for second
The bar base that step (6) solid solution, Water Quenching obtain is machined to 15-20mm, drawing speed control with drawing equipment In 20-30m/min, and, total cold deformation > 50%, per pass cold deformation > 15% cooling with emulsion spray, Obtain secondary cooling bar base;
(8) two-stage time effect
By secondary cooling bar base obtained by step (7) under vacuum, inert gas shielding, handled using two-stage time effect, Two-stage time effect process is to be warming up to 500 DEG C of heat preservation 2h after being heated to 400 DEG C of heat preservation 2h of aging temp;
(9) drawing forms
Bar base after step (8) bipolar ageing treatment is drawn into the contact line of required sectional dimension, drawing process uses Emulsion spray is cooling, and drawing speed control is 150mm in 10-20m/min, the area of section of gained contact line2
Embodiment 4
The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, by weight percentage, composition are as follows: Cr 0.20%, Zr 0.09%, Al2O3 0.09%, Re 0.05%, copper 99.52%, inevitable impurity 0.05%.
The preparation process of above-mentioned high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, includes the following steps:
(1) alloy product is prepared
Fusion temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, in smelting furnace after tough cathode is completely melt, is passed through and is full of to smelting furnace top N2, N2Throughput is 20L/min;Smelting furnace surface covers one layer of crystalline flake graphite and charcoal, then adds alloy, and alloy addition is suitable Sequence is first to add Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, adds Re intermediate alloy after the fusing of Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, finally adds Cu-Al2O3 Alloy;Holding temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, soaking time > 15min;
(2) Semi-solid Material Processing
It after to liquid alloy product heat preservation in step (1), is introduced into online Semi-solid Material Processing device, it is solid to carry out half State processing, Semi-solid Material Processing device are in charcoal, and the temperature of Semi-solid Material Processing is 1082 DEG C;
(3) horizontal casting
By the resulting melt in semi-solid state of step (2), slab is carried out by horizontal continuous casting crystallizer and draws casting, is cast Base diameter range 40-90mm;
(4) continuously extruded
The resulting slab of step (3) is subjected to continuously extruded, pressure ram diameter range 25-35mm, slab inlet wire speed control System obtains bar base in 5-7m/min;
(5) it is cold worked for the first time
Bar base obtained by step (4) is machined to 22-30mm, total cold working amount > 40% using drawing equipment;Drawing Speed control obtains a cooling rod base using emulsion spray cooling in 15-25m/min;
(6) solution treatment
Cooling rod base obtained by step (5) is subjected to solution treatment, 920 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, solution time 2.5h, Quenching-in water is immediately placed in after heating, quenching water temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, steeps in pond to room temperature;
(7) it is cold worked for second
The bar base that step (6) solid solution, Water Quenching obtain is machined to 15-20mm, drawing speed control with drawing equipment In 20-30m/min, and, total cold deformation > 50%, per pass cold deformation > 15% cooling with emulsion spray, Obtain secondary cooling bar base;
(8) two-stage time effect
Secondary cooling bar base obtained by step (7) is subjected to vacuum heat treatment, inert gas shielding, when using twin-stage Effect, two-stage time effect process are to be warming up to 450 DEG C of heat preservation 3h after being heated to 350 DEG C of heat preservation 1h of aging temp;
(9) drawing forms
Bar base after step (8) bipolar ageing treatment is drawn into the contact line of required sectional dimension, drawing process uses Emulsion spray is cooling, and drawing speed control is 110mm in 10-20m/min, the area of section of gained contact line2
Embodiment 5
The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, by weight percentage, composition are as follows: Cr 0.30%, Zr 0.07%, Al2O3 0.07%, Re 0.10%, copper 99.39%, inevitable impurity 0.07%.
The preparation process of above-mentioned high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, includes the following steps:
(1) alloy product is prepared
Fusion temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, in smelting furnace after tough cathode is completely melt, is passed through and is full of to smelting furnace top N2, N2Throughput is 20L/min;Smelting furnace surface covers one layer of crystalline flake graphite and charcoal, then adds alloy, and alloy addition is suitable Sequence is first to add Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, adds Re intermediate alloy after the fusing of Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, finally adds Cu-Al2O3 Alloy;Holding temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, soaking time > 15min;
(2) Semi-solid Material Processing
It after to liquid alloy product heat preservation in step (1), is introduced into online Semi-solid Material Processing device, it is solid to carry out half State processing, Semi-solid Material Processing device are in charcoal, and the temperature of Semi-solid Material Processing is 1083 DEG C;
(3) horizontal casting
By the resulting melt in semi-solid state of step (2), slab is carried out by horizontal continuous casting crystallizer and draws casting, is cast Base diameter range 40-90mm;
(4) continuously extruded
The resulting slab of step (3) is subjected to continuously extruded, pressure ram diameter range 25-35mm, slab inlet wire speed control System obtains bar base in 5-7m/min;
(5) it is cold worked for the first time
Bar base obtained by step (4) is machined to 22-30mm, total cold working amount > 40% using drawing equipment;Drawing Speed control obtains a cooling rod base using emulsion spray cooling in 15-25m/min;
(6) solution treatment
A cooling rod base obtained by step (5) is subjected to solution treatment, 940 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, solution time 2h adds Quenching-in water is immediately placed in after heat, quenching water temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, steeps in pond to room temperature;
(7) it is cold worked for second
The bar base that step (6) solid solution, Water Quenching obtain is machined to 15-20mm, drawing speed control with drawing equipment In 20-30m/min, and, total cold deformation > 50%, per pass cold deformation > 15% cooling with emulsion spray, Obtain secondary cooling bar base;
(8) two-stage time effect
Secondary cooling bar base obtained by step (7) is subjected to vacuum heat treatment, inert gas shielding, when using twin-stage Effect, two-stage time effect process are to be warming up to 500 DEG C of heat preservation 4h after being heated to 400 DEG C of heat preservation 1h of aging temp;
(9) drawing forms
Bar base after step (8) bipolar ageing treatment is drawn into the contact line of required sectional dimension, drawing process uses Emulsion spray is cooling, and drawing speed control is 120mm in 10-20m/min, the area of section of gained contact line2
Embodiment 6
The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, by weight percentage, composition are as follows: Cr 0.40%, Zr 0.05%, Al2O3 0.06%, Re 0.20%, copper 99.24%, inevitable impurity 0.05%.
The preparation process of above-mentioned high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, includes the following steps:
(1) alloy product is prepared
Fusion temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, in smelting furnace after tough cathode is completely melt, is passed through and is full of to smelting furnace top N2, N2Throughput is 20L/min;Smelting furnace surface covers one layer of crystalline flake graphite and charcoal, then adds alloy, and alloy addition is suitable Sequence is first to add Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, adds Re intermediate alloy after the fusing of Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, finally adds Cu-Al2O3 Alloy;Holding temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, soaking time > 15min;
(2) Semi-solid Material Processing
It after to liquid alloy product heat preservation in step (1), is introduced into online Semi-solid Material Processing device, it is solid to carry out half State processing, Semi-solid Material Processing device are in charcoal, and the temperature of Semi-solid Material Processing is 1081 DEG C;
(3) horizontal casting
By the resulting melt in semi-solid state of step (2), slab is carried out by horizontal continuous casting crystallizer and draws casting, is cast Base diameter range 40-90mm;
(4) continuously extruded
The resulting slab of step (3) is subjected to continuously extruded, pressure ram diameter range 25-35mm, slab inlet wire speed control System obtains bar base in 5-7m/min;
(5) it is cold worked for the first time
Bar base obtained by step (4) is machined to 22-30mm, total cold working amount > 40% using drawing equipment;Drawing Speed control obtains a cooling rod base using emulsion spray cooling in 15-25m/min;
(6) solution treatment
A cooling rod base obtained by step (5) is subjected to solution treatment, 960 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, solution time 2h adds Quenching-in water is immediately placed in after heat, quenching water temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, steeps in pond to room temperature;
(7) it is cold worked for second
The bar base that step (6) solid solution, Water Quenching obtain is machined to 15-20mm, drawing speed control with drawing equipment In 20-30m/min, and, total cold deformation > 50%, per pass cold deformation > 15% cooling with emulsion spray, Obtain secondary cooling bar base;
(8) two-stage time effect
Secondary cooling bar base obtained by step (7) is subjected to vacuum heat treatment, inert gas shielding, when using twin-stage Effect, two-stage time effect process are to be warming up to 400 DEG C of heat preservation 3h after being heated to 300 DEG C of heat preservation 1h of aging temp;
(9) drawing forms
Bar base after step (8) bipolar ageing treatment is drawn into the contact line of required sectional dimension, drawing process uses Emulsion spray is cooling, and drawing speed control is 120mm in 10-20m/min, the area of section of gained contact line2
Embodiment 7
The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, by weight percentage, composition are as follows: Cr 0.50%, Zr 0.03%, Al2O3 0.03%, Re 0.25%, copper 99.15%, inevitable impurity 0.04%.
The preparation process of above-mentioned high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, includes the following steps:
(1) alloy product is prepared
Fusion temperature is 1150-250 DEG C, in smelting furnace after tough cathode is completely melt, is passed through and is full of to smelting furnace top N2, N2Throughput is 20L/min;Smelting furnace surface covers one layer of crystalline flake graphite and charcoal, then adds alloy, and alloy addition is suitable Sequence is first to add Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, adds Re intermediate alloy after the fusing of Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, finally adds Cu-Al2O3 Alloy;Holding temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, soaking time > 15min;
(2) Semi-solid Material Processing
It after to liquid alloy product heat preservation in step (1), is introduced into online Semi-solid Material Processing device, it is solid to carry out half State processing, Semi-solid Material Processing device are in charcoal, and the temperature of Semi-solid Material Processing is 1082 DEG C;
(3) horizontal casting
By the resulting melt in semi-solid state of step (2), slab is carried out by horizontal continuous casting crystallizer and draws casting, is cast Base diameter range 40-90mm;
(4) continuously extruded
The resulting slab of step (3) is subjected to continuously extruded, pressure ram diameter range 25-35mm, slab inlet wire speed control System obtains bar base in 5-7m/min;
(5) it is cold worked for the first time
Bar base obtained by step (4) is machined to 22-30mm, total cold working amount > 40% using drawing equipment;Drawing Speed control obtains a cooling rod base using emulsion spray cooling in 15-25m/min;
(6) solution treatment
Cooling rod base obtained by step (5) is subjected to solution treatment, 980 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, solution time 1.5h, Quenching-in water is immediately placed in after heating, quenching water temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, steeps in pond to room temperature;
(7) it is cold worked for second
The bar base that step (6) solid solution, Water Quenching obtain is machined to 15-20mm, drawing speed control with drawing equipment In 20-30m/min, and, total cold deformation > 50%, per pass cold deformation > 15% cooling with emulsion spray, Obtain secondary cooling bar base;
(8) two-stage time effect
Secondary cooling bar base obtained by step (7) is subjected to vacuum heat treatment, inert gas shielding, when using twin-stage Effect, two-stage time effect process are to be warming up to 450 DEG C of heat preservation 4h after being heated to 350 DEG C of heat preservation 2h of aging temp;
(9) drawing forms
Bar base after step (8) bipolar ageing treatment is drawn into the contact line of required sectional dimension, drawing process uses Emulsion spray is cooling, and drawing speed control is 85mm in 10-20m/min, the area of section of gained contact line2
Embodiment 8
The high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, by weight percentage, composition are as follows: Cr 0.60%, Zr 0.01%, Al2O3 0.01%, Re 0.30%, copper 99.05%, inevitable impurity 0.03%.
The preparation process of above-mentioned high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, includes the following steps:
(1) alloy product is prepared
Fusion temperature is 1150-1250 DEG C, in smelting furnace after tough cathode is completely melt, is passed through and is full of to smelting furnace top N2, N2Throughput is 20L/min;Smelting furnace surface covers one layer of crystalline flake graphite and charcoal, then adds alloy, and alloy addition is suitable Sequence is first to add Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, adds Re intermediate alloy after the fusing of Cr, Zr intermediate alloy, finally adds Cu-Al2O3 Alloy;Holding temperature is 1100-1200 DEG C, soaking time > 15min;
(2) Semi-solid Material Processing
It after to liquid alloy product heat preservation in step (1), is introduced into online Semi-solid Material Processing device, it is solid to carry out half State processing, Semi-solid Material Processing device are in charcoal, and the temperature of Semi-solid Material Processing is 1083 DEG C;
(3) horizontal casting
By the resulting melt in semi-solid state of step (2), slab is carried out by horizontal continuous casting crystallizer and draws casting, is cast Base diameter range 40-90mm;
(4) continuously extruded
The resulting slab of step (3) is subjected to continuously extruded, pressure ram diameter range 25-35mm, slab inlet wire speed control System obtains bar base in 5-7m/min;
(5) it is cold worked for the first time
Bar base obtained by step (4) is machined to 22-30mm, total cold working amount > 40% using drawing equipment;Drawing Speed control obtains a cooling rod base using emulsion spray cooling in 15-25m/min;
(6) solution treatment
Cooling rod base obtained by step (5) is subjected to solution treatment, 1000 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, solution time 1h, Quenching-in water is immediately placed in after heating, quenching water temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, steeps in pond to room temperature;
(7) it is cold worked for second
The bar base that step (6) solid solution, Water Quenching obtain is machined to 15-20mm, drawing speed control with drawing equipment In 20-30m/min, and, total cold deformation > 50%, per pass cold deformation > 15% cooling with emulsion spray, Obtain secondary cooling bar base;
(8) two-stage time effect
Secondary cooling bar base obtained by step (7) is subjected to vacuum heat treatment, inert gas shielding, when using twin-stage Effect, two-stage time effect process are to be warming up to 500 DEG C of heat preservation 5h after being heated to 400 DEG C of heat preservation 1h of aging temp;
(9) drawing forms
Bar base after step (8) bipolar ageing treatment is drawn into the contact line of required sectional dimension, drawing process uses Emulsion spray is cooling, and drawing speed control is 110mm in 10-20m/min, the area of section of gained contact line2
Performance test:
Contact line constituent content such as the following table 2 of comparative example:
Table 2
Serial number Cu Cr Zr Al2O3 Re Impurity content
Comparative example 1 99.30 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.30 0.08
Comparative example 2 99.44 0.40 0.05 0.06 0 0.05
Comparative example 3 99.30 0.40 0.05 0 0.20 0.05
Comparative example 4 98.95 0.60 0.01 0.01 0.40 0.03
The preparation process of the copper alloy contact wire preparation process of comparative example 1 such as embodiment 1, is no longer described in detail.It is comparative example 2, right The preparation process of the copper alloy contact wire preparation process of ratio 3 such as embodiment 6, is no longer described in detail.The copper alloy contact wire of comparative example 4 The preparation process of preparation process such as embodiment 8, is no longer described in detail.
The copper alloy contact wire of various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example is tested for the property, as a result such as the following table 3:
The performance indicator of 3 contact line of table
Test group Tensile strength MPa Relative conductivity %IACS Intensity MPa after 400 DEG C of annealing 2h
Embodiment 1 615 80.5 572
Embodiment 2 614 82.1 571
Embodiment 3 602 80.3 560
Embodiment 4 601 82.0 559
Embodiment 5 608 81.5 563
Embodiment 6 611 81.0 570
Embodiment 7 609 81.6 566
Embodiment 8 616 80.2 587
Comparative example 1 621 79.5 580
Comparative example 2 612 78.3 570
Comparative example 3 586 81.0 541
Comparative example 4 616 80.2 586
The copper alloy contact wire of above-described embodiment 1-8 preparation shows higher intensity and preferable electric conductivity, resistance to height Warm nature and wearability.Compared to existing contact line, there is superior performance, may select for high-speed railway especially speed per hour and exist 400 kilometers or more of high-speed railway contacts wire material per hour.
Table 3 as above, the copper alloy contact wire of comparative example, except rare earth element additive amount is beyond or below this programme range When, properties of product disadvantage is big, and tensile strength and conductivity cannot meet high request contact line performance simultaneously;Only addition rare earth element Or metal oxide, also it is unable to satisfy the requirement of high speed per hour mileage high-speed railway contact line performance indicator.
Above-mentioned specific embodiment cannot function as limiting the scope of the invention, for the technology people of the art For member, any alternate modification or transformation made to embodiment of the present invention are fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Place is not described in detail by the present invention, is the well-known technique of those skilled in the art of the present technique.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, which is characterized in that by weight percentage, including rare earth element 0.01- 0.30%, metal oxide 0.01-0.10%, surplus are copper alloy.
2. high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each ingredient in the copper alloy Weight percent composition are as follows: Cr 0.10-0.60%, Zr 0.01-0.10%, surplus is copper.
3. high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the rare earth element is Re, The metal oxide is Al2O3、ZrO2、SiO2、Y2O3Or ThO2
4. a kind of technique for preparing high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire as described in any one of claims 1-3, which is characterized in that Including following operating procedure:
(1) alloy product is prepared: being added each component in certain sequence, is obtained liquid alloy product, isothermal holding obtains spare;
(2) online melt Semi-solid Material Processing: online Semi-solid Material Processing is carried out to liquid alloy product made from step (1), is obtained molten Body;
(3) horizontal casting: slab is carried out to the melt of step (2) and draws casting;
(4) continuously extruded: continuously extruded processing being carried out to the slab of step (3), obtains bar base;
(5) it is cold worked for the first time: emulsion spray cooling treatment being carried out to the bar base of step (4), obtains a cooling rod base;
(6) solution treatment: a cooling rod base of step (5) is dissolved, Water Quenching;
(7) it is cold worked for second: emulsion spray cooling being carried out to the bar base that step (6) solid solution, Water Quenching obtain, is obtained secondary Cooling rod base;
(8) two-stage time effect: the level-one timeliness for carrying out 300-400 DEG C to the secondary cooling bar base of step (7) is kept the temperature and 400-500 DEG C Secondary aging insulation;
(9) drawing form: by the bar base after step (8) bipolar ageing treatment be drawn into the contact line of required sectional dimension to get.
5. the technique according to claim 4 for preparing high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, which is characterized in that step (1) is protected Temperature is 100-1200 DEG C, soaking time > 15min;
The online melt Semi-solid Material Processing temperature of step (2) is 1081-1083 DEG C;
Step (3) slab diameter range 40-90mm;
The bar base inlet wire speed control of step (4) extrusion process is in 5-7m/min;
The drawing speed of step (5) cold working for the first time is controlled in 15-25m/min;
900-1000 DEG C of solid solubility temperature of step (6), solution time 1-3h are immediately placed in quenching-in water after heating, quenching Water temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, steeps in pond to room temperature;
Second of step (7) drawing speed being cold worked is controlled in 20-30m/min;
Step (8) level-one timeliness keeps the temperature 1-2h;Secondary aging insulation 2-5h.
6. the technique according to claim 4 for preparing high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, which is characterized in that step (1) is closed Golden product configuration step are as follows: according to Cr, Zr is first added, rare earth element is added after dissolving, finally adds Al2O3Sequence, be made Alloy product.
7. the technique according to claim 6 for preparing high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, which is characterized in that the Al2O3For Al2O3Powder.
8. the technique according to claim 4 for preparing high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, which is characterized in that step (1) is closed Golden product configuration step are as follows: according to Cu-Cr intermediate alloy, Cu-Zr intermediate alloy is first added, rare earth element is added after dissolving, most After add Cu-Al2O3The sequence of alloy, with obtained alloy product.
9. the technique according to claim 4 for preparing high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire, which is characterized in that further include to step Suddenly the step of (7) secondary cooling bar base progress vacuum heat treatment, inert gas shielding.
CN201811634762.1A 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 A kind of high-strength wearable copper alloy contact wire and its preparation process Pending CN109504872A (en)

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CN110747366A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-02-04 谷文伟 Composite nano oxide modified copper-zirconium alloy electrical contact material and preparation method thereof
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