CN109501415A - 带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料 - Google Patents

带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料 Download PDF

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CN109501415A
CN109501415A CN201811240969.0A CN201811240969A CN109501415A CN 109501415 A CN109501415 A CN 109501415A CN 201811240969 A CN201811240969 A CN 201811240969A CN 109501415 A CN109501415 A CN 109501415A
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CN109501415B (zh
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雷晓军
崔江舟
金世婧
王慧
齐嘉豪
刘彦妮
周闯
孟艳光
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Shanxi Xinhua Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料,包括基布,基布两侧表面分别涂覆氟橡胶层和氯化丁基橡胶层,在氟橡胶层外复合涤棉布。本发明引入了在氟橡胶层贴合涤棉布提高胶布的粘合强度,将氟橡胶、氯化丁基胶分别涂覆于基布两面,并在氟橡胶层贴合一层涤棉布,经鼓式一次硫化后,在硫化罐进行二次硫化,即得成品。与国内现有技术相比,在保证物理机械性能、耐介质性能、防护性能均未下降的同时,提高了胶布的粘合强度。

Description

带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料
技术领域
本发明属于化学防护领域,具体为一种带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料。
背景技术
氟橡胶具有优良的物理机械性能、耐介质性能和耐高温性能,但是其加工性能较差。氟橡胶涂覆织物常用于化学防护领域,由具有氟橡胶涂层的织物制成的防护服在加工时会出现粘合强度差的问题,所以在防护服加工时多采用“缝纫+冷粘”的工艺,由于使用缝纫工艺,对防护服的气密性有较大的安全隐患;同时,由于胶层没有织物内层,对穿戴人员的的穿着舒适性也有较大的影响。
因此,现有防化学品渗透的胶布在防护服的加工以及人员的穿戴舒适性上已经不能满足需求。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料,该带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布在防护服加工时可有效改善氟橡胶层粘合强度差的现象。
本发明是采用如下技术方案实现的:
一种带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料,包括基布,基布两侧表面分别涂覆氟橡胶层和氯化丁基橡胶层,在氟橡胶层外复合涤棉布;即采用氟橡胶、氯化丁基橡胶为防护层,芳纶为骨架材料,制备满足性能要求的防护材料,具体制备方案如下:
(1)、氟橡胶涂层的制备
1.1、氟橡胶层各组分配比如下:
氟橡胶 100份,
双酚AF(分子式C15H10F6O2) 1.0~3.5份,
促进剂BPP(苄基三苯基氯化膦) 0.1~1.0份,
双-2,5(2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧基)己烷) 0.05~0.1份,
氧化钙 5~10份,
氧化镁 2~5份,
永固黄 2~10份;
1.2、氟橡胶层的混炼
本项目混炼胶料均采用XK-160mm开放式炼胶机,滚筒速比为1:1.25;氟橡胶混炼时前辊辊温宜为60℃左右,后辊辊温稍高,宜为75℃左右;混炼工艺如下:
1.2.1、辊距调至0.8mm,加入生胶,令其包前辊;
1.2.2、辊距调至1.2mm,加入氧化钙、氧化镁,混炼均匀;
1.2.3、辊距调至1.5mm,加入永固黄,混炼均匀;
1.2.4、辊距调至1.8mm,加入硫化体系,须控制辊温(辊温50~60℃),大概三分钟;每边割刀三次,大概两分钟,排下胶料;
1.2.5、辊距调至0.8mm,前后薄通5次;
1.2.6、最后辊距调至所需厚度,出片,冷却。
1.3、氟橡胶涂覆织物的制备,包括以下步骤:
1.3.1、制得的混炼胶与乙酸乙酯按质量比1:4搅拌制成胶浆;
1.3.2、基布(芳纶)一侧表面涂覆胶浆,制成未硫化的氟橡胶涂覆织物;
(2)、氯化丁基橡胶涂层的制备
2.1、氯化丁基橡胶层各组分配比如下:
氯化丁基橡胶 100份,
氧化锌 5~10份,
促进剂DM 0.5~1.0份,
促进剂M 0.5~1.0份,
促进剂TT 1.0~2.0份,
硬脂酸 0.5~1.0份,
氯化石蜡(70%) 10~15份,
十溴二苯醚 8~12份,
三氧化二锑 5~10份,
硼酸锌 5~8份,
防老剂MB 0.5~1.0份,
永固黄 2~5份,
其中,氯化石蜡42为淡黄色粘稠液体,凝固点-30℃,相对密度1.16(25/25℃),不溶于水,溶于有机溶剂和各种矿物油中。氯化石蜡52为浅黄色至黄色油状粘稠液体,凝固点<-20℃,相对密度1.22-1.26(25/25℃),溶于苯、醚,微溶于醇,不溶于水。氯化石蜡70为树脂状粉末,白色或淡黄色,相对密度1.65(25/4℃)。
2.2、氯化丁基橡胶层混炼
本项目混炼胶料均采用XK-160mm开放式炼胶机,滚筒速比为1:1.25;氯化丁基橡胶混炼时前辊辊温宜为50℃左右,后辊辊温稍高,宜为60℃左右;混炼工艺如下:
2.2.1、辊距调至0.8mm,加入生胶,令其包前辊;
2.2.2、辊距调至1.0mm,加入防老剂MB和硬脂酸,混炼均匀;
2.2.3、辊距调至1.2mm,加入一半氯化石蜡(70%)、十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌,混炼均匀;
2.2.4、辊距调至1.5mm,加入另一半氯化石蜡(70%)、十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌、永固黄,混炼均匀;
2.2.5、辊距调至1.8mm,加入促进剂DM、促进剂M、促进剂TT,混炼均匀;
2.2.6、加入氧化锌,须控制辊温(辊温50~60℃),大概三分钟;每边割刀八次,大概两分钟,排下胶料;
2.2.7、辊距调至0.8mm,前后薄通5次;
2.2.8最后辊距调至所需厚度,出片,冷却。
2.3、氯化丁基橡胶涂覆织物的制备,包括以下步骤:
2.3.1、制得的混炼胶与120#汽油按质量比1:2.5搅拌制成胶浆;120#汽油是一类汽油,又称为120号溶剂汽油,或是白汽油、橡胶溶剂汽油。主要成分为脂肪烃类化合物,无色透明液体,有强烈的气味;
2.3.2、基布(芳纶)另一侧表面涂覆胶浆,制成未硫化的氯化丁基橡胶涂覆织物。
(3)、硫化
3.1、将未硫化的橡胶涂覆织物的氟橡胶层外复合涤棉布;
3.2、将未硫化的橡胶涂覆织物经鼓式硫化机进行一次硫化,在151℃下硫化25min;
3.3、将经一次硫化后的产品经硫化罐二次硫化,在130℃下硫化30min。
本发明所述的带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料采用多层复合的结构如图1所示,主要由骨架材料、防护层、织物内衬组成。骨架材料为芳纶,芳纶的综合性能最好,2.2N/tex的纤维强度和47.5N/tex的模量可满足防护服面料拉伸强度和撕裂强力的要求;热收缩率和蠕变极小,可以保证在胶布硫化成型时的尺寸稳定性,且耐酸碱等工业化学品。
胶布的防护对象多为强酸、强碱、有机溶剂及挥发气体。其对甲苯、丙酮、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、正己烷、甲醇、30%烧碱、96%硫酸、乙烷等9种液体的防护时间不小于60min;对氨气、氯气、氯化氢、环氧乙烷、1,3丁二烯、氰化氢等6种气体的防护时间不小于60min。根据材料相似相容原理,极性相近时,橡胶层溶胀快,15种化学物质中甲苯(δ=2.4)为典型的极性物质,丙酮、乙腈(丙酮δ=5.1、乙腈δ=4.5)为典型的非极性物质,通过查阅资料及调研国外相关产品,氟橡胶具有高度的化学稳定性,是所有橡胶中耐介质性能最好的,仅不耐低分子的酮、醚、酯,因此可用于甲苯的防护;卤化丁基橡胶由于其主链呈螺旋状,分子链中引入了卤原子,大量的甲基基团呈规则状,紧密的排列在其周围,在所有高分子材料中透气性最小,可用于丙酮、乙腈的防护。卤化丁基橡胶主要包括溴化丁基和氯化丁基橡胶两种,溴化丁基橡胶中的C-Br键活性比氯化丁基橡胶中的C-Cl键活性大,这就决定了溴化丁基橡胶的硫化速度快,而氟橡胶的硫化速度较慢,为了使氟橡胶和卤化丁基橡胶的硫化速度相匹配,避免卤化丁基橡胶过硫性能下降,影响防护性能,所以采用氯化丁基橡胶和氟橡胶并用作为防护层。
织物内衬选择涤棉布,涤纶的耐热性和弹性好,尺寸稳定,织物不褶皱,通过与棉布混纺,用于内层材料可有效改善人员的穿着舒适性。
具有氟橡胶涂层的胶布的粘合强度较差,经试验测试,其粘合强度一般不超过0.4kN/m,经过对氟橡胶层进行贴合涤棉布,能有效的改善其粘合强度,经试验测试,其粘合强度一般不小于0.8kN/m。
本发明引入了在氟橡胶层贴合涤棉布提高胶布的粘合强度,将氟橡胶、氯化丁基胶分别涂覆于基布两面,并在氟橡胶层贴合一层涤棉布,经鼓式一次硫化后,在硫化罐进行二次硫化,即得成品。与国内现有技术相比,在保证物理机械性能、耐介质性能、防护性能均未下降的同时,提高了胶布的粘合强度。
附图说明
图1表示主体胶布多层复合结构示意图。
图中:1-氯化丁基橡胶,2-芳纶,3-氟橡胶,4-涤棉布。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施例进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料,包括基布(芳纶),基布两侧表面分别涂覆氟橡胶层和氯化丁基橡胶层,在氟橡胶层外复合涤棉布,如图1所示。
具体制备方法如下:
(1)、氟橡胶涂层的制备
1.1、氟橡胶层各组分配比如下(每份1kg):
氟橡胶 100份,
双酚AF(分子式C15H10F6O2) 2份,
BPP(氟橡胶硫化促进剂) 1.0份,
双-2,5(硫化剂,分子式C16H34O4) 0.05份,
氧化钙 8份,
氧化镁 5份,
永固黄 5份;
1.2、氟橡胶层混炼工艺:
本混炼胶料采用开放式炼胶机,滚筒速比为1:1.25,氟橡胶混炼时前辊辊温60℃,后辊辊温75℃,混炼工艺如下:
1.2.1、辊距调至0.8mm,加入生胶,令其包前辊;
1.2.2、辊距调至1.2mm,加入氧化钙、氧化镁,混炼均匀;
1.2.3、辊距调至1.5mm,加入永固黄,混炼均匀;
1.2.4、辊距调至1.8mm,加入硫化体系,控制辊温,三分钟;每边割刀三次,两分钟,排下胶料;
1.2.5、辊距调至0.8mm,前后薄通5次;
1.2.6、最后辊距调至所需厚度,出片,冷却。
1.3、氟橡胶涂覆织物的制备,包括以下步骤:
1.3.1、制得的混炼胶与乙酸乙酯按质量比1:4搅拌制成胶浆;
1.3.2、基布一表面涂覆胶浆,制成未硫化的氟橡胶涂覆织物;
(2)氯化丁基橡胶涂层的制备
2.1、氯化丁基橡胶层各组分配比如下(每份1kg):
氯化丁基橡胶 100份,
氧化锌 10份,
促进剂DM 0.5份,
促进剂M 0.5份,
促进剂TT 2.0份,
硬脂酸 1.0份,
氯化石蜡(70%) 12份,
十溴二苯醚 10份,
三氧化二锑 10份,
硼酸锌 5份,
防老剂MB 1.0份,
永固黄 2份;
2.2、氯化丁基橡胶层混炼工艺:
本混炼胶料采用开放式炼胶机,滚筒速比为1:1.25,氯化丁基橡胶混炼时前辊辊温50℃,后辊辊温60℃;混炼工艺如下:
2.2.1、辊距调至0.8mm,加入生胶,令其包前辊;
2.2.2、辊距调至1.0mm,加入防老剂MB和硬脂酸,混炼均匀;
2.2.3、辊距调至1.2mm,加入一半氯化石蜡、十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌,混炼均匀;
2.2.4、辊距调至1.5mm,加入另一半氯化石蜡、十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌、永固黄,混炼均匀;
2.2.5、辊距调至1.8mm,加入促进剂DM、促进剂M、促进剂TT,混炼均匀;
2.2.6、加入氧化锌,控制辊温,三分钟;每边割刀八次,两分钟,排下胶料;
2.2.7、辊距调至0.8mm,前后薄通5次;
2.2.8、最后辊距调至所需厚度,出片,冷却;
2.3、氯化丁基橡胶涂覆织物的制备,包括以下步骤:
2.3.1、制得的混炼胶与120#汽油按质量比1:2.5搅拌制成胶浆;
2.3.2、基布另一表面涂覆胶浆,制成未硫化的氯化丁基橡胶涂覆织物;
(3)、硫化
3.1、将未硫化的橡胶涂覆织物的氟橡胶层外复合涤棉布;
3.2、将未硫化的橡胶涂覆织物经鼓式硫化机进行一次硫化,在151℃下硫化25min;
3.3、将经一次硫化后的产品经硫化罐二次硫化,在130℃下硫化30min。
本实施例1制备的材料目前主要应用于气密型化学防护服产品中,气密型化学防护服是供应急救援人员在执行任务时穿戴,通过配置自给式呼吸器或外接气源,能够为穿着者提供对气态、液态和固态有毒有害化学物质的全身防护。
经检测防护服胶布的主要指标如下:
实施例2
一种带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料,包括基布(芳纶),基布两侧表面分别涂覆氟橡胶层和氯化丁基橡胶层,在氟橡胶层外复合涤棉布,如图1所示。
具体制备方法如下:
(1)、氟橡胶涂层的制备
1.1、氟橡胶层各组分配比如下(每份10kg):
氟橡胶 100份,
双酚AF 3.5份,
BPP 0.5份,
双-2,5 0.1份,
氧化钙 5份,
氧化镁 2份,
永固黄 10份;
1.2、氟橡胶层混炼工艺:
本混炼胶料采用开放式炼胶机,滚筒速比为1:1.25,氟橡胶混炼时前辊辊温60℃,后辊辊温75℃,混炼工艺如下:
1.2.1、辊距调至0.8mm,加入生胶,令其包前辊;
1.2.2、辊距调至1.2mm,加入氧化钙、氧化镁,混炼均匀;
1.2.3、辊距调至1.5mm,加入永固黄,混炼均匀;
1.2.4、辊距调至1.8mm,加入硫化体系,控制辊温,三分钟;每边割刀三次,两分钟,排下胶料;
1.2.5、辊距调至0.8mm,前后薄通5次;
1.2.6、最后辊距调至所需厚度,出片,冷却。
1.3、氟橡胶涂覆织物的制备,包括以下步骤:
1.3.1、制得的混炼胶与乙酸乙酯按质量比1:4搅拌制成胶浆;
1.3.2、基布一表面涂覆胶浆,制成未硫化的氟橡胶涂覆织物;
(2)氯化丁基橡胶涂层的制备
2.1、氯化丁基橡胶层各组分配比如下(每份10kg):
氯化丁基橡胶 100份,
氧化锌 5份,
促进剂DM 0.5份,
促进剂M 1.0份,
促进剂TT 1.0份,
硬脂酸 1.0份,
氯化石蜡(70%) 15份,
十溴二苯醚 8份,
三氧化二锑 5份,
硼酸锌 8份,
防老剂MB 1.0份,
永固黄 5份;
2.2、氯化丁基橡胶层混炼工艺:
本混炼胶料采用开放式炼胶机,滚筒速比为1:1.25,氯化丁基橡胶混炼时前辊辊温50℃,后辊辊温60℃;混炼工艺如下:
2.2.1、辊距调至0.8mm,加入生胶,令其包前辊;
2.2.2、辊距调至1.0mm,加入防老剂MB和硬脂酸,混炼均匀;
2.2.3、辊距调至1.2mm,加入一半氯化石蜡、十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌,混炼均匀;
2.2.4、辊距调至1.5mm,加入另一半氯化石蜡、十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌、永固黄,混炼均匀;
2.2.5、辊距调至1.8mm,加入促进剂DM、促进剂M、促进剂TT,混炼均匀;
2.2.6、加入氧化锌,控制辊温,三分钟;每边割刀八次,两分钟,排下胶料;
2.2.7、辊距调至0.8mm,前后薄通5次;
2.2.8、最后辊距调至所需厚度,出片,冷却;
2.3、氯化丁基橡胶涂覆织物的制备,包括以下步骤:
2.3.1、制得的混炼胶与120#汽油按质量比1:2.5搅拌制成胶浆;
2.3.2、基布另一表面涂覆胶浆,制成未硫化的氯化丁基橡胶涂覆织物;
(3)、硫化
3.1、将未硫化的橡胶涂覆织物的氟橡胶层外复合涤棉布;
3.2、将未硫化的橡胶涂覆织物经鼓式硫化机进行一次硫化,在151℃下硫化25min;
3.3、将经一次硫化后的产品经硫化罐二次硫化,在130℃下硫化30min。
本实施例2制备的材料目前正应用于隔绝式防护服产品中,隔绝式化学防护服是供应急救援人员在执行任务时穿戴,通过配置过滤式防毒面具,能够为穿着者提供对气态、液态和固态有毒有害化学物质的全身防护。试验结果如下:
应当指出,对于本技术领域的一般技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和应用,这些改进和应用也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种带有涤棉内衬的防化学品渗透的胶布材料,包括基布,其特征在于:基布两侧表面分别涂覆氟橡胶层和氯化丁基橡胶层,在氟橡胶层外复合涤棉布;
具体制备方法如下:
(1)、氟橡胶涂层的制备
1.1、氟橡胶层各组分配比如下:
氟橡胶 100份,
双酚AF 1.0~3.5份,
BPP 0.1~1.0份,
双-2,5 0.05~0.1份,
氧化钙 5~10份,
氧化镁 2~5份,
永固黄 2~10份,;
1.2、氟橡胶层混炼工艺:
本混炼胶料采用开放式炼胶机,滚筒速比为1:1.25,氟橡胶混炼时前辊辊温60℃,后辊辊温75℃,混炼工艺如下:
1.2.1、辊距调至0.8mm,加入生胶,令其包前辊;
1.2.2、辊距调至1.2mm,加入氧化钙、氧化镁,混炼均匀;
1.2.3、辊距调至1.5mm,加入永固黄,混炼均匀;
1.2.4、辊距调至1.8mm,加入硫化体系,控制辊温,三分钟;每边割刀三次,两分钟,排下胶料;
1.2.5、辊距调至0.8mm,前后薄通5次;
1.2.6、最后辊距调至所需厚度,出片,冷却;
1.3、氟橡胶涂覆织物的制备,包括以下步骤:
1.3.1、制得的混炼胶与乙酸乙酯按质量比1:4搅拌制成胶浆;
1.3.2、基布一表面涂覆胶浆,制成未硫化的氟橡胶涂覆织物;
(2)氯化丁基橡胶涂层的制备
2.1、氯化丁基橡胶层各组分配比如下:
氯化丁基橡胶 100份,
氧化锌 5~10份,
促进剂DM 0.5~1.0份,
促进剂M 0.5~1.0份,
促进剂TT 1.0~2.0份,
硬脂酸 0.5~1.0份,
氯化石蜡 10~15份,
十溴二苯醚 8~12份,
三氧化二锑 5~10份,
硼酸锌 5~8份,
防老剂MB 0.5~1.0份,
永固黄 2~5份;
2.2、氯化丁基橡胶层混炼工艺:
本混炼胶料采用开放式炼胶机,滚筒速比为1:1.25,氯化丁基橡胶混炼时前辊辊温50℃,后辊辊温60℃;混炼工艺如下:
2.2.1、辊距调至0.8mm,加入生胶,令其包前辊;
2.2.2、辊距调至1.0mm,加入防老剂MB和硬脂酸,混炼均匀;
2.2.3、辊距调至1.2mm,加入一半氯化石蜡、十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌,混炼均匀;
2.2.4、辊距调至1.5mm,加入另一半氯化石蜡、十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌、永固黄,混炼均匀;
2.2.5、辊距调至1.8mm,加入促进剂DM、促进剂M、促进剂TT,混炼均匀;
2.2.6、加入氧化锌,控制辊温,三分钟;每边割刀八次,两分钟,排下胶料;
2.2.7、辊距调至0.8mm,前后薄通5次;
2.2.8、最后辊距调至所需厚度,出片,冷却;
2.3、氯化丁基橡胶涂覆织物的制备,包括以下步骤:
2.3.1、制得的混炼胶与120#汽油按质量比1:2.5搅拌制成胶浆;
2.3.2、基布另一表面涂覆胶浆,制成未硫化的氯化丁基橡胶涂覆织物;
(3)、硫化
3.1、将未硫化的橡胶涂覆织物的氟橡胶层外复合涤棉布;
3.2、将未硫化的橡胶涂覆织物经鼓式硫化机进行一次硫化,在151℃下硫化25min;
3.3、将经一次硫化后的产品经硫化罐二次硫化,在130℃下硫化30min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的覆膜防护胶布材料,其特征在于:基布采用芳纶。
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