CN109490055A - A kind of mold and its application method making simulation rock mass discontinuity - Google Patents
A kind of mold and its application method making simulation rock mass discontinuity Download PDFInfo
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- CN109490055A CN109490055A CN201811213514.XA CN201811213514A CN109490055A CN 109490055 A CN109490055 A CN 109490055A CN 201811213514 A CN201811213514 A CN 201811213514A CN 109490055 A CN109490055 A CN 109490055A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of mold and its application method for making simulation rock mass discontinuity, belongs to field of engineering technology, and mold of the invention includes the second mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity sample, and the first mold for making rock mass structure face die plate;First mold includes the mold outer box being equipped with up and down and mold inner box, the outer cassette bottom of mold is equipped with the first lifting support for going up and down mold outer box, seamless filled in gap between mold outer box and mold inner box to have steel needle row, mold outer box are equipped with the elastic knob for adjusting steel needle row's filling clearence degree.The present invention realizes directly in analog materials such as rock mass discontinuity upper cement mortar, to make the simulation rock mass structure face die plate of regular shape, omit the process that cutting processing makes natural rock mass discontinuity template, solve the problems, such as cut natural rock mass when structural plane by destroy so that simulation rock mass discontinuity production it is easier with it is quick.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of engineering technology, and in particular to a kind of to make the mold for simulating rock mass discontinuity and its user
Method.
Background technique
Since the completely the same natural rock mass discontinuity of surface topography is difficult to acquire, and naturally identical rock mass discontinuity is also
It is not easy to obtain, in order to study the rock mass discontinuity of same shape characteristic anti-shearing characteristic, numerous scholars under different normal stresses
Experimental study is carried out frequently with manual simulation's rock mass discontinuity.Currently, manual simulation's rock mass structure of relatively broad use is interviewed
Sample making process can be summarized as follows: firstly, cutting process is carried out for rock mass discontinuity to be copied, so that structural plane is being sheared
The projection in face (shearing test) is rectangular, the regular shapes such as round, to obtain rock mass structure face die plate;Then, in rock mass structure
The analog materials manufacturing artificial such as face die plate upper cement mortar or gypsum simulates rock mass structure face die plate;Finally, in artificial mould
The quasi- analog materials such as rock mass structure face die plate upper cement mortar or gypsum, form the manual simulation's rock mass structure to fit like a glove
Interview sample.
For the research of rock mass discontinuity shear property, structural plane is mostly the rules such as rectangle, circle in the projection of shear surface
Shape, therefore, in existing simulation rock mass discontinuity production method, rock mass discontinuity to be copied is both needed to cut rectangular isotactic then shape
Shape is to be fabricated to rock mass structure face die plate.In addition, the weaker natural rock mass discontinuity of lithology is in cutting process compared with vulnerable to broken
It is bad.Therefore, it when natural rock mass discontinuity lithology is weaker, is not easy to be made into the rock mass structure face die plate of rule.
In conclusion although the method for existing production simulation rock mass discontinuity can realize identical simulation rock mass discontinuity
The production of sample, but there are still certain deficiencies.The mold of easier, quick, blanket production simulation rock mass discontinuity
(method) urgently further research and development.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of for making the mould of simulation rock mass discontinuity
Tool and its application method are realized directly in analog materials such as rock mass discontinuity upper cement mortar, to make regular shape
Rock mass structure face die plate is simulated, the process that cutting processing makes natural rock mass discontinuity template is omitted, solves cutting natural rock
When body structural plane by destroy the problem of so that simulation rock mass discontinuity production it is easier with it is quick.
The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows: a kind of mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity,
Including the second mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity sample, and the first mold for making rock mass structure face die plate;
First mold includes the mold outer box being equipped with up and down and mold inner box, and the outer cassette bottom of mold is equipped with for going up and down outside mold
First lifting support of box, it is seamless filled in the gap between mold outer box and mold inner box to have steel needle row, it is set in mold outer box
There is the elastic knob for adjusting steel needle row's filling clearence degree.The present invention is realized using the steel needle row between interior outer mold box will
First mold is directly lain in a horizontal plane on natural rock mass discontinuity, and utilizes the adjustable inside and outside mold box phase of the first lifting support
For the height and position of steel needle row, the analog materials such as joints cement mortar in mold inner box, due to steel needle row and rock mass structure
Face forms enclosure space, realizes the simulation rock mass structure face die plate of directly production regular shape, then will simulate rock mass discontinuity
Template is placed in the simulation rock mass discontinuity sample for obtaining and fitting like a glove in the second mold, has been omitted completely cutting in the prior art and has added
Work makes the process of natural rock mass discontinuity template, solves the problems, such as that structural plane is by destruction when cutting natural rock mass, and
The device of the invention can directly obtain the simulation rock mass discontinuity sample of any location status to fit like a glove outdoors, not by family
The limitation of outer rock mass location status, cuts without by rock mass, the natural rock mass of effective protection.
The cross sectional shape of mold outer box and mold inner box of the invention includes but is not limited to rectangle, circle, polygon.
Preferably, it is fixed at the top of mold outer box and mold inner box by top plate, top plate is equipped with the first spirit level.First lifting
When bracket is gone up and down in a certain range, cooperate the first spirit level, guarantees that made structural plane test upper lower burrs are coincide, solution
The certainly not parallel situation of flat bottom surface above and below two disks when applying normal pressure during the test, causes to generate between structural plane empty
Gap or the normal pressure of application lead to the problem of eccentric.
Preferably, steel needle row is in regularly arranged, and steel needle row is made of the steel needle for being vertically arranged and abutting against, for realizing inciting somebody to action
First mold is directly lain in a horizontal plane on natural rock mass discontinuity.
Preferably, the gap between mold outer box and mold inner box constitutes steel needle slot, and steel needle row is seamless filled in steel needle slot
Interior, the mold outer box of steel needle slot and mold outer box turning corresponding position are equipped with the elastic rotation for adjusting steel needle row's filling clearence degree
Button.Elastic knob can realize the load of the stiction in steel needle row between each steel needle, when elastic knob is arranged not in contact with steel needle,
Then each steel needle in steel needle row can be freely lifted;It arranges when elastic knob abuts steel needle so that existing between each steel needle certain quiet
Frictional force, then each steel needle in steel needle row can not generate relative displacement by self gravitation effect.Steel needle has stronger rigidity,
It is arranged when elastic knob is further applied load in steel needle, deformation occurs for steel needle.
Preferably, elastic knob and mold outer box junction are equipped with threaded hole, and elastic knob is threadedly coupled with mold outer box,
Select thread connecting mode for realizing the load of the stiction between each steel needle in steel needle row.
Preferably, the second mold includes horizontal objective table, and horizontal objective table is equipped with the second level device, is additionally provided with top and bottom
The steel die of perforation, steel die horizontal cross-section is consistent with mold inner box horizontal cross-section, for realizing that will simulate rock mass structure
Face die plate is placed in the steel die of the second mold, and in model configuration face die plate upper simulation material, production simulation rock mass
Structural fece sample.
Preferably, horizontal objective table bottom is equipped with the second lifting support for horizontal lifting of object loading table, passes through second liter
It drops support assorted the second level device and guarantees that made structural plane test upper lower burrs are coincide.
A kind of application method for the mold making simulation rock mass discontinuity, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) production simulation rock mass structure face die plate: the first mold of assembling selects rock mass discontinuity to be copied, the will be completed
One mold is placed on rock mass discontinuity, adjusts the height of the first lifting support, cooperates the first spirit level, and adjustment top plate is in
Horizontality unclamps elastic knob, makes the equal free-falling of each steel needle in steel needle row and abuts rock mass discontinuity, screws elastic
Knob, for casting simulation material in the first mold, rock mass structure face die plate is simulated in production;
2) the identical simulation rock mass discontinuity sample of production: simulation rock mass structure face die plate is placed in second by the second mold of assembling
In the steel die of mold, and in model configuration face die plate upper simulation material, production simulation rock mass discontinuity sample.
Preferably, the first mold process is assembled are as follows: mold outer box are placed on outside mold inner box, by top plate through the at the top of the two
One bolt is fixed, and the first lifting supports are installed by go to the bottom four corners of mold outer box, by steel needle slot by steel needle vertically seamless filling,
Vertically arranged steel needle, which abuts against, in any surface of steel needle slot rearranges steel needle row, and rotating elastic knob makes it abut steel needle row.
Preferably, the second mold process is assembled are as follows: four corners are respectively mounted the second lifting branch in horizontal objective table bottom
Frame, the second level device with the second lifting support adjust horizontal objective table and are in horizontality, by the second bolt and the second spiral shell
Four faces of the fixed steel die in hole, and steel die is fixed on horizontal objective table.
Preferably, simulation material is cement mortar or gypsum or resin.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that the present invention realizes directly in rock mass discontinuity upper
The analog materials such as cement mortar can make the simulation rock mass structure face die plate of regular shape, be omitted in existing method and cut
The process of the natural rock mass discontinuity template of processing and fabricating so that simulation rock mass discontinuity sample production it is easier with it is quick.
In addition, the weaker natural rock mass discontinuity of lithology is in cutting process compared with vulnerable to destruction, being not easy to be made into the rock of rule
Body structure face die plate.Using the first mold of production simulation rock mass structure face die plate of the invention, it is weaker lithology can be replicated
Natural rock mass discontinuity is to make simulation rock mass discontinuity.
Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of molds of easier, quick, blanket production simulation rock mass discontinuity
And its application method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the first mold work schematic diagram of production simulation rock mass structure face die plate of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the first mold top view of production simulation rock mass structure face die plate of the invention (containing top plate);
Fig. 3 is the first mold top view of production simulation rock mass structure face die plate of the invention (without top plate and steel needle);
Fig. 4 is the first die cut view (horizontal cross-sectional at elastic knob of production simulation rock mass structure face die plate of the invention
Figure);
Fig. 5 is steel needle and steel needle row of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the second mold schematic diagram of production simulation rock mass discontinuity sample of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the second mold work schematic diagram of production simulation rock mass discontinuity sample of the invention.
Description of symbols: the first lifting support of 11-;121- mold outer box;122- mold inner box;123- top plate;124-
First bolt;The first screw hole of 125-;The elastic knob of 131-;132- steel needle;The single steel needle of 1321-;1322- steel needle row;133- steel
Needle tray;The first spirit level of 14-;2- rock mass discontinuity;The second lifting support of 31-;The horizontal objective table of 32-;33- the second level device;
34- steel die;The second bolt of 351-;The second screw hole of 352-;41- simulates rock mass structure face die plate;42- casting simulation rock mass knot
Structure interviews sample.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It should be appreciated that the present invention should not necessarily be limited by with
Under exemplary embodiment, but should be by the control of limitation described in claims and its any equivalent form.
As above, the present invention is suitable for preparing projecting into the simulation rock mass knot of different shapes such as circle, rectangle in shear surface
Structure face, simulate rock mass discontinuity specific size can be according to experimental design depending on.Below only to be projected as pros in shear surface
For the simulation rock mass discontinuity of shape (side length be 100 mm), introduce production simulation rock mass discontinuity of the invention mold and
Its application method.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in figs. 1-7, a kind of mold making simulation rock mass discontinuity, the including production simulation rock mass structure face die plate
Second mold of one mold and production simulation rock mass discontinuity sample.
First mold of production simulation rock mass structure face die plate mainly includes the first lifting support 11, mold outer box 121, mould
Have inner box 122, top plate 123, steel needle 132, steel needle slot 133, the first spirit level 14.Mold outer box 121 are with mold inner box 122
Remove the cuboid frame at two bottoms (bottom is square).Mold outer box 121 are placed on except mold inner box 122, by top plate at the top of the two
123 is fixed through the first bolt 124.Gap between mold inner box 122 after fixation and mold outer box 121 is steel needle slot 133.
Two the first spirit levels 14 are vertically arranged on top plate.Four corners in the bottom of mold outer box 121 are respectively provided with the first lifting support 11.
First lifting support 11 can be gone up and down in a certain range, cooperate the first spirit level 14, and adjustable top plate 123 is in horizontality.
Steel needle 132 be cuboid, length, width and height be respectively 2 mm, 2 mm, b mm(b value can according to simulation rock mass structure face die plate
Thickness and set).Vertically arranged 52 steel needles 132, which abut against, on the same face rearranges steel needle row 1322, length and width high score
It Wei not 2 mm, 104 mm, b mm.Steel needle slot 133 arranges 1322 seamless fillings by four steel needles, then is filled in appointing for steel needle slot 133
One steel needle row 1322 has both ends to abut against with mold outer box 121.1322 one end abutted against with mold outer box 121 are arranged in steel needle,
Screw hole is set in mold outer box 121, row power is discharged into steel needle with bolt (being known as elastic knob 131) and screw hole and is added
It carries.Elastic knob 131 can realize the load of the stiction in steel needle row 1322 between each steel needle, when elastic knob 131 not
Steel needle row 1322 is contacted, then each steel needle in steel needle row 1322 can be freely lifted;When elastic knob 131 abuts steel needle row 1322
So that there are certain stiction between each steel needle, then each steel needle in steel needle row 1322 can not be produced by self gravitation effect
Raw relative displacement.Steel needle 132 has stronger rigidity, arranges 1322 in steel needle when elastic knob 131 is further applied load, steel needle 132 is not sent out
Raw deformation.
Production simulation rock mass discontinuity sample the second mold mainly include the second lifting support 31, horizontal objective table 32,
The second level device 33, steel die 34.Horizontal objective table 32 is steel plate, and four corners in bottom are respectively provided with the second lifting
Bracket 31.The second level device 33 with the second lifting support 31 can adjust horizontal objective table 32 and be in horizontality.Steel
Mold 34 be remove two bottoms (bottom is square) rectangular frame, rectangular frame square section inner edge a length of 2 × (52-2)=
100mm.Four faces of steel die 34 are fixed by the second bolt 351 and the second screw hole 352.
The present invention is realized using the steel needle row 1322 between interior outer mold box directly lies in a horizontal plane in day for the first mold
On right rock mass discontinuity, and the height position using the adjustable inside and outside mold box of the first lifting support 11 relative to steel needle row 1322
It sets, the analog materials such as joints cement mortar in mold inner box 122, since steel needle row 1322 and rock mass discontinuity form closing sky
Between, the simulation rock mass structure face die plate of directly production regular shape is realized, then simulation rock mass structure face die plate is placed in second
The simulation rock mass discontinuity sample to fit like a glove is obtained in mold, has been omitted completely cutting processing production natural rock in the prior art
The process of body structure face die plate, structural plane is by destroying when solving the problems, such as to cut natural rock mass, and the device of the invention
The simulation rock mass discontinuity sample to fit like a glove that any location status can directly be obtained outdoors, not by outdoor rock mass position shape
The limitation of state, cuts without by rock mass, the natural rock mass of effective protection.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of application method of mold making simulation rock mass discontinuity of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) the first mold of assembling production simulation rock mass structure face die plate: mold outer box 121 are placed on except mold inner box 122, and two
It is fixed through the first bolt 124 by top plate 123 at the top of person.The first lifting supports 11 are installed by the bottom four of mold outer box 121 corners.
132 length, width and height of steel needle are respectively 2 mm, 2 mm, b mm, by steel needle slot 133 by the vertical seamless filling of steel needle 132.Steel needle slot 133
Any surface on vertically arranged 52 steel needles abut against rearrange steel needle row 1322, length, width and height be respectively 2 mm, 104 mm,
b mm.Rotating elastic knob 131 makes it abut steel needle row 1322, so that the steel needle 132 in each steel needle row can not be by itself weight
Power effect generates relative displacement.
(2) production simulation rock mass structure face die plate: selecting rock mass discontinuity 2 to be copied, places production simulation rock mass structure
First mold of face die plate.The height of the first lifting support 11 is adjusted, the first spirit level 14 is cooperated, adjustment top plate 123 is in water
Level state.Elastic knob 131 is rotated, it is made not contact steel needle row 1322, under each steel needle freedom in steel needle row 1322
It falls and abuts rock mass discontinuity 2, rotating elastic knob 131 again makes it abut steel needle row 1322, so that each steel needle row 1322
In steel needle relative displacement can not occur.The rock mass discontinuity that four steel needles row 1322 of first mold determines is to need again
The rock mass discontinuity range of system, floor projection are the square that side length is 100 mm.The phases such as further casting cement mortar
Like material in the first mold, when the analog materials such as rock mass structure face die plate 41(casting cement mortar are simulated in production, guarantee simulation
Rock mass discontinuity template thickness is simulated depending on test requirements document in horizontality in bottom on rock mass structure face die plate).It is to be cast
Hard (solid) change of the analog materials such as cement mortar, dismantle and clean the first mold, take out the simulation rock mass structure face mould made
Plate 41.
(3) the second mold of assembling simulation rock mass discontinuity sample: horizontal objective table four corners that go to the bottom are respectively mounted the
Two lifting supports 31.The second level device 33 with the second lifting support 31 adjusts horizontal objective table 32 and is in horizontality.
By four faces of the fixed specification steel die 34 of the second bolt 354 and the second screw hole 352, and by steel die 34(inner edge
A length of 100 mm) it is fixed on horizontal objective table 32.
(4) the identical simulation rock mass discontinuity sample of production: the simulation rock mass structure face die plate 41 that step (2) make is set
In in the steel die 34 of the second mold, and in analog materials such as 41 upper cement mortar of model configuration face die plate, that is, it is poured
Simulate rock mass discontinuity sample 42.Hard (solid) change of the analog materials such as cement mortar to be cast, dismantles and cleans the second mold, take
The simulation rock mass discontinuity made out.Equally, the thickness of casting simulation rock mass discontinuity sample 42 is depending on test requirements document.
Routine operation in operating procedure of the invention is well known to those skilled in the art, herein without repeating.
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail in above embodiment, it should be understood that the above is only the present invention
Specific embodiment, be not intended to restrict the invention, all any modification, supplement or classes made in spirit of the invention
It substitutes, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention like mode.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of make simulation rock mass discontinuity mold, including for make simulate rock mass discontinuity sample the second mold,
It is characterized by also including the first molds for making rock mass structure face die plate;
First mold includes the mold outer box (121) being equipped with up and down and mold inner box (122), outside the mold
Box (121) bottom is equipped with the first lifting support (11) for going up and down mold outer box (121), the mold outer box (121) and mold
Seamless filled in gap between inner box (122) to have steel needle to arrange (1322), the mold outer box (121) are equipped with for adjusting steel
Needle arranges the elastic knob (131) of (1322) filling clearence degree.
2. a kind of mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mold outer box
(121) and at the top of mold inner box (122) it is fixed by top plate (123), the top plate (123) is equipped with the first spirit level (14).
3. a kind of mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the steel needle row
(1322) in regularly arranged, the steel needle row (1322) is made of the steel needle (132) for being vertically arranged and abutting against.
4. a kind of mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mold outer box
(121) gap between mold inner box (122) constitutes steel needle slot (133), and the steel needle row (1322) is seamless filled in steel needle
In slot (1322), the mold outer box (121) of the steel needle slot (133) and mold outer box (121) turning corresponding position, which are equipped with, to be used for
Adjust the elastic knob (131) of steel needle row (1322) filling clearence degree.
5. a kind of mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the elastic knob
(131) threaded hole is equipped with mold outer box (121) junction, the elastic knob (131) and mold outer box (121) screw thread connect
It connects.
6. a kind of mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: second mold
Including horizontal objective table (32), the horizontal objective table (32) is equipped with the second level device (33), is additionally provided with top and bottom perforation
Steel die (34), steel die (34) horizontal cross-section are consistent with mold inner box (122) horizontal cross-section.
7. a kind of mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the horizontal loading
Platform (32) bottom is equipped with the second lifting support (31) for horizontal objective table (32) lifting.
8. a kind of application method for the mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) production simulation rock mass structure face die plate: the first mold of assembling selects rock mass discontinuity to be copied (2), will be completed
The first mold be placed on rock mass discontinuity (2), adjust the height of first lifting support (11), cooperate first water
Quasi- device (14) adjusts the top plate (123) and is in horizontality, unclamps elastic knob (131), makes in steel needle row (1322)
The equal free-falling of each steel needle simultaneously abuts rock mass discontinuity (2), screws elastic knob (131), and casting simulation material is in described the
In one mold, production simulation rock mass structure face die plate (41);
2) the identical simulation rock mass discontinuity sample of production: simulation rock mass structure face die plate (41) is placed in by the second mold of assembling
In the steel die (34) of second mold, and in model configuration face die plate (41) upper simulation material, production simulation rock
Body structural fece sample (42).
9. a kind of application method of mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
The first mold process of the assembling are as follows: mold outer box (121) are placed on the mold inner box (122) outside, at the top of the two by
The top plate (123) is fixed through first bolt (124), and the mold outer box (121) are gone to the bottom described in four corner's installations
First lifting support (11), by the steel needle slot (133) by the vertical seamless filling of the steel needle (132), steel needle slot (133) is appointed
The upper vertically arranged steel needle, which abuts against, on one side rearranges steel needle row (1322), and rotating the elastic knob (131) supports it
Meet steel needle row (1322);
The second mold process of the assembling are as follows: in horizontal objective table bottom, four corners are respectively mounted the second lifting support (31),
The second level device (33) with second lifting support (31) adjusts the horizontal objective table (32) and is in horizontal
State, by four faces of the fixed described steel die (34) in the second bolt (354) and the second screw hole (352), and by the steel
Mold (34) is fixed on the horizontal objective table (32).
10. a kind of application method of mold for making simulation rock mass discontinuity according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
The simulation material is cement mortar or gypsum or resin.
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CN110702536A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-17 | 安徽建筑大学 | Rock mass structural plane shear failure surface morphology evolution law research method and system |
CN113866033A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-31 | 广西大学 | Device and method for manufacturing hard structural surface with any filling thickness in stress environment |
CN114910626A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-16 | 山东科技大学 | Model test device and method based on basic mosaic unit |
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