CN109489768A - Monitor the system and method and glass furnace of foam line position on glass melt surface - Google Patents
Monitor the system and method and glass furnace of foam line position on glass melt surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN109489768A CN109489768A CN201811434686.XA CN201811434686A CN109489768A CN 109489768 A CN109489768 A CN 109489768A CN 201811434686 A CN201811434686 A CN 201811434686A CN 109489768 A CN109489768 A CN 109489768A
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- foam
- glass
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- furnace
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/24—Automatically regulating the melting process
- C03B5/245—Regulating the melt or batch level, depth or thickness
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the system and method and glass furnace of foam line position on a kind of monitoring glass melt surface.The system includes: the foam monitoring device being arranged in glass furnace, which is configured to the foam relevant information at the predetermined monitoring point on monitoring glass melt surface；With the control device communicated to connect with the foam monitoring device, the control device is configured to be judged according to the foam relevant information from the foam monitoring device at the predetermined monitoring point with the presence or absence of foam and whether exports corresponding control signal.The present invention can carry out real-time and classified Monitoring by metal level of the foam monitoring device to different location in kiln, it is more than timely and accurately to alarm target foam line or close to kiln hot spot when in foam line, and regulate and control the operating parameter of kiln by regulating device, foam is reduced, foam line position is controlled；The real-time monitoring and early warning of the foam line position or large stretch of foam position that are particularly suitable in glass furnace on glass melt liquid level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of foam lines for monitoring/monitoring on glass melt surface or liquid level in glass furnace
The system and method for position, it particularly relates to a kind of foam line position for being monitored on glass melt liquid level in glass furnace
It sets or the real-time monitoring system and monitoring method of large stretch of foam position.
Background technique
In Improving Glass Manufacturing Processes, due to the meeting in pyrolytic, fusion process of the raw materials such as silica sand, sulfate, carbonate
Discharge SO2、H2O、CO2Equal gases bulk gas, it to be to be carried by batch or drawn naturally by combustion heat source that there are also some gases
Enter melten glass.Most gases have just escaped in initial melting behaviors, but there are also be rolled in be formed in melt to divide
Scattered gas doping object is exactly so-called bubble or blub.It is exactly so-called " clarification " or " refining " stage in the melting operation stage
Time enough is given, these gas doping objects will be raised to surface and escape from melt.Bubble rises to glass metal surface
It is largely stuck in glass metal surface afterwards, appearance is froth bed.It is molten that the froth bed of simple glass kiln covers glass furnace
Change the area of area's one third or so, alveolar layer thickness is about 10mm-100mm.
The presence of foam can prevent heat from being transmitted to initial raw materials from the heat source of glass-melting furnace and/or be present in foam
Following melted material.In the conventional system, heat source must generally therefore provide additional heat to compensate the heat-insulated effect of foam
Fruit.The presence of foam will increase the operating cost of glass-melting furnace, affect the qualification rate of glass product.In the glass for thering is flame to heat
In glass kiln, foam can reflect amount of heat, cause also furnace refractory be accelerated to corrode while heat waste, influence kiln
The service life of furnace and/or the generation for increasing specific exhaust gas (such as NOx gas and toxic metals oxide gas).When to advise greatly
Mould and high yield from glass melt manufacture glass product it is certain under the conditions of, such as variation or the kiln of starting material particle size moisture
When temperature schedule changes, the froth bed on glass melt can become very thick, can drag very long, cause very big harm to production.Nothing
By oxygen burner or air burner is used, the froth bed suppressed or eliminated on glass melt is required.
In view of the foregoing, reducing the foam in glass-melting furnace can be improved the utilization efficiency of energy.It is estimated that in the U.S.
The cumulative effect that approximately half of foam is removed in the glass-melting furnace of combustion heating may cause annual energy conservation up to 12 to 14,000,000,000,000
BTU.Initial total oxygen glass furnace does not have the device of relative efficiency to carry out bubble removing, is mainly arrived according to the buoyancy of glass blister
Glass surface removes naturally.In process of product development, most foam is broken through surface tension on glass metal surface and is ruptured
Evolution, but still there are a small amount of foams, form opening bubble and elongated bubble with production stream due to can not break through glass tension
Owe point.Therefore, the quality of entire glass will it is inferior very much, the glass of high quality is difficult to form always.
It is general to keep them broken by adding the surface tension that defoaming agent causes foam surface to polymerize and/or interrupt foam film
It splits, most common defoaming agent is alkali metal compound or the compound containing the metals such as titanium or aluminium or cerium.Or setting drum
Bubbler, accelerates the clarification and homogenizing of glass metal by Gas Stirring, and fusing is distinguished into two individual race ways, is formed
" circulation " of two opposite direction flowings, the circulation of front play the role of stopping glass-melt return-flow, and the circulation of back forces cooperation
The material long period is trapped in melting range, is sufficiently melted, the downstream that bubbler is typically disposed in foam line helps to stablize
Or control foam position, to improve the refining quality of glass.
In glass furnace, it is continuously introduced into glass raw material from the material inlet of upstream end, is arranged in glass furnace two sides and fires
Burner, burner generally use the gaseous fuels such as natural gas or fossil class solid fuel as the air burner or oxygen of fuel
Air burner.Glass raw material is melted by the flame that burner sprays, and after melting sources, the glass melt of formation is sufficiently clear
Clearly, then by downstream it takes out, forms the glass product of specific shape.Wherein air burner is with air for burning oxygen source, oxygen
Air burner is using oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen gas as burning oxygen source.
Fig. 1 be glass furnace schematic top plan view, Fig. 1 a is the foam line under normal condition, wherein 1 be glass furnace, 2
It is material mountain line for feed end, 3,4 be target foam line (perfect condition, actual measurement foam line 7 are consistent with target foam line), and 5 be bubble
Foam area, 6 be bubbler, and 8 be hot spot, and 9 be mirror area.
Glass raw material is added from feed end 2, in the progradation to feed intake, heats raw material layer by the flame that burner sprays
Surface melts it gradually, and raw material layer is melted in advance, and the glass raw material not melted is along material inlet to kiln central part
Point direction of advance gradually decreases, and then disappears in the inlet amount position equal with its melting rate, the boundary that this raw material disappears
Line commonly referred to as expects mountain line, referring to 3 in Fig. 1 a.
Around raw material layer disappearance region, foam is formed since raw material reacts, the froth zone of formation disappears from raw material layer
The position of mistake extends to the highest position of temperature of glass liquid in smelting furnace (hot spot, referring to the 8 of Fig. 1 a), is covered on the table of glass melt
Face.Due to temperature difference existing between hot spot and feed end, skin glass liquid exists to charging extreme direction and flows back at hot spot, and two kinds
Strength collective effect, bubble, which fades away, before hot spot becomes the position of glass metal mirror surface, forms an apparent boundary, i.e.,
Foam line, referring to 4 of 1a in Fig. 1.The downstream of foam line is provided with bubbler 6.In glass furnace, general naked-eye observation heat
The point position position of mirror surface offset from about 1-3 meters of foam line or so outside foam line, the foam line shape meeting of different type kiln
It is different.Froth zone on glass melt liquid level is generally referred to since mountain line is expected in upstream side until the foam line of downstream side
One section of region.In some operating conditions, froth zone can be sprawled with the downward downstream of the increase of foam.
In glass furnace normal operation, thrust of the charger into furnace, the tractive force of reactor effluent stream and due to temperature
It spends at the hot spot that glass melt convection current caused by difference is formed to the active force of charging extreme direction, can reach a kind of dynamic flat
Weighing apparatus.This balance is so that the position of material mountain line and foam line is relatively fixed.It, can be according to material characteristic when designing glass furnace
And kiln parameter calculates the position of target material mountain line and target foam line (referring to 4 of 1a in Fig. 1).Foam line stabilization is glass
One of the factor of most critical in melting process, expecting that mountain line and foam line fluctuation become influences being critical to for melt-through process stabilizing
Cause.The important requirement of one of glass fusion process is exactly that foam line is stable and no more than hot spot, and otherwise glass quality will be tight
Deteriorate again.Foam line is more stable, clear, and glass quality is better, and process bands are wider, can stand biggish fluctuation, but same
Shi Suoxu control measure or energy consumption are more.There is the foam line in different location in glass melt surface, referring to Fig. 1,
Middle 1a is the foam line (i.e. target foam line 4) under normal condition, and 1b is the foam line 7 downstream extended, and 1c is downstream tight
The foam line of exhibition is re-expanded, 1d is the extreme case of the fusing pool surface of the entire glass furnace of foam coverage, and 1e is upstream to shrink back
Foam line.
In conclusion in glass furnace, foam line stabilization is the basic of glass melting control, expects mountain line and foam line
Fluctuation become influence melt-through process stabilizing be critical to because.Perfect condition in glass fusion process is exactly to control foam line
Stabilization and no more than hot spot, otherwise glass quality just will appear severe exacerbation.Foam line is more stable, more clear, glass quality
Better, process bands are wider, can stand biggish fluctuation, but required control measure or energy consumption are more simultaneously.
Know from Chinese utility model patent CN204369749U, a kind of total oxygen glass furnace air bubble eliminating device, comprising: take out
Liquid device, pressurized canister, compressed air supply air line and spray gun；The pumping device is connect by pipeline with the pressurized canister, institute
Pressurized canister is stated to connect by pipeline with the spray gun；Two-way is arranged in the compressed air supply air line, all the way with the pressurized canister
Connection, another way connect the spray gun.The defoaming combustion fluid of atomization can be delivered in kiln and be burnt, generate the air pressure of kiln
Variation destroys the stress on glass metal surface, ruptures the foam on glass metal surface automatically, reaches and removes glass surface froth bed
Purpose substantially increases the quality of glass.
Chinese invention patent CN101437764B provides a kind of bubble for efficiently removing and remaining in molten glass surface
Method, defoaming device and using above-mentioned bubble removing method glass manufacturing method, with defined angle to molten glass surface
The bubble irradiation at least 1 beam laser beam that swims, solve to remain in the bubble of molten glass surface when glass substrate manufacture and shaping
When be involved in behind inside the problem of becoming air entrapment, it is possible to provide the good glass substrate of quality, and glass substrate can be improved
Productivity.
U.S. Patent application US6795484B1 discloses a kind of for reducing or removing the foam being present in glass-melting furnace
Method comprising the ultrasonic energy issued from least one source of ultrasonic energy is supplied to the melting material in glass-melting furnace
Expect the foam of surface, ultrasound can efficiently reduce or remove at least part foam.
A kind of foam control method for vacuum clarification of glass material is given in Chinese invention patent CN1007059B,
In vacuum clarification melten glass or the like technique, the broken of foam is accelerated using the method for applying lather collapse substance on foam
It goes out.The lather collapse substance includes water, alkali metal compound such as sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate and the solution of these compounds.In
State patent of invention CN1177771C discloses a kind of method for glass smelting, and melted glass raw material is inputted glass-melting furnace system
Glass melt, the froth bed that is formed on glass melt provide at least one metallic compound to reduce or eliminate froth bed,
The metallic compound is the compound of at least one these metals selected from aluminium, titanium, silicon, zinc, magnesium, iron, chromium, cobalt, cerium or calcium.
Chinese invention patent CN100337949C propose it is a kind of for can vitrification substance fusing and clear method, can
All or part of thermal energy is by one or more fossil fuels and at least one combustion adjuvant gas required for vitrification substance fusing
Burning provides, and by the fuel/coal gas or carrys out the gaseous products of spontaneous combustion can be below vitrification substance melting materialss liquid level
Spray into, allow fusing after can vitrification substance be at least partly in that lamelliform is clarified.
Although having existed a variety of methods for reducing or eliminating foam in glass furnace currently on the market, accurate prison there is no
Survey the position of froth bed, the especially effective ways of the position of accurate measurements foam line.Monitoring for foam line, mainly molten
Peep hole is set on the pleurobranch wall in pond, is observed by artificial eye.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention includes realizing the monitoring of foam position in glass furnace, especially on monitoring glass melt surface
The position of foam line and/or the position of large stretch of foam, to extend beyond alarm line in foam line, especially more than kiln hot spot
When issue signal in time, to adjust burning condition, control the movement of foam line.The present invention devises a kind of glass melt surface
The monitoring device and monitoring method of foam position, it particularly relates to a kind of for monitoring glass melt liquid level in glass furnace
On foam position, the especially real-time and classified Monitoring device and monitoring method of foam position.
The glass melt actually melted in glass furnace is not " advancing side by side " flow forward, by molten-glass pool
The influence of interior liquid stream distribution, big close to the glass melt viscosity of pool wall under normal circumstances, flowing is slower, and intermediate region viscosity is small,
Flows faster.Heretofore described material mountain line and target foam line in most cases and non-rectilinear, but curve.Occasionally have individual
Situation, glass melt surface will form discontinuous multi-disc foam, without obviously foam line.Foam described herein
Position refers generally to the position of foam line, under the few cases, can also refer to the front end near downstream of discontinuous large stretch of foam
Position.
The melt flow direction refers to that glass metal one end from glass furnace is material inlet (upstream) direction to another
One end is that outlet (downstream) direction of molded article is flowed.
Kiln material mountain line ideally and foam line are known as target material mountain line and target foam line in the present invention.
The present invention relates to a kind of systems of the foam line position on monitoring glass melt surface, comprising: is arranged in glass furnace
Foam monitoring device in furnace, the foam monitoring device are configured to the bubble at the predetermined monitoring point on monitoring glass melt surface
Foam relevant information；With the control device communicated to connect with the foam monitoring device, the control device is configured to basis and comes from
The foam relevant information of the foam monitoring device judge at the predetermined monitoring point with the presence or absence of foam and whether output phase
The control signal answered.
Some aspects, the foam monitoring device include at least a pair of of the laser light source being arranged in above glass melt surface
And photoelectric cell, the laser light source are configured to for light being emitted at the predetermined monitoring point on glass melt surface, institute
It states photoelectric cell and is arranged so that it only can receive the light in foamless situation at the predetermined monitoring point
Reflected light on glass melt surface simultaneously generates corresponding electric signal, and the foam relevant information includes having for the electric signal
Nothing, and the control device and the photoelectric cell communicate to connect and are configured to do not receiving the photoelectric cell sending
Electric signal when be determined as at the predetermined monitoring point there are foam and generate the first control signal of the corresponding monitoring point.
Other aspects, the foam monitoring device includes high temperature resistant camera equipment, and the high temperature resistant camera equipment is to glass
The predetermined monitoring point on glass bath surface image and transmit the image absorbed as the foam relevant information
To the control device, and the control device is configured to analyze received image to judge the predetermined prison
It whether there is foam at measuring point, and be determined as at the predetermined monitoring point that there are generate the of the corresponding monitoring point when foam
One control signal.
Some aspects, the system also includes the warning device communicated to connect with the control device and/or regulating device,
The warning device is configured to sound an alarm when receiving the first control signal from the control device, the adjusting dress
It sets and is configured to adjust the operating parameter of glass furnace when receiving the first control signal from the control device to adjust
Foam line position on glass melt surface.
According to certain aspects of the invention, froth zone and/or the mirror of glass melt surface is arranged in the predetermined monitoring point
In the area of face, it is in particular arranged at one or more positions as described below: being located at target bubble along the flow direction of glass melt
The first position in boundary line downstream, the first position preferably in the range of distance objective foam line 0-50cm, more preferably exist
In the range of distance objective foam line 30-50cm；It is located at the third of glass furnace hot spot upstream along the flow direction of glass melt
Position, the third place is preferably in the range of apart from glass furnace hot spot 1-50cm, more preferably apart from glass furnace
In the range of hot spot 30-50cm；And the second position between described first and the third place, the second position are preferably located in
Middle position between described first and the third place.
Further aspects, the system also includes: it is arranged on glass furnace arch top in the top of glass melt froth zone
With detect top temperature variation the first temperature sensor, and glass melt froth zone lower section be arranged in glass furnace bottom of pond
On to detect the second temperature sensor of bottom of pond temperature change, first and second temperature sensor and the control device are logical
To be sent to it corresponding temperature signal, the control device is being determined as at the predetermined monitoring point that there are foams simultaneously for letter connection
And the temperature signal of first and second temperature sensor generates the second control letter when be in respective preset range respectively
Number.
In some some aspects including above-mentioned temperature sensor, the system also includes with the control device communication link
The warning device and/or regulating device connect, the warning device are configured to receiving second control from the control device
It is sounded an alarm when signal processed, the regulating device is configured to the tune when receiving the second control signal from the control device
The operating parameter of glass furnace is saved to adjust the foam line position on glass melt surface.
Some aspects set temperature relative to furnace roof in the top temperature that the temperature signal of first temperature sensor indicates
Degree increases the bottom of pond temperature indicated more than the temperature signal of first threshold and the second temperature sensor and sets relative to bottom of pond
Temperature is reduced to be believed no more than in the case where second threshold, the control device exports the first indication signal and controls as level-one second
Number.Extend to target foam line downstream distance objective foam line 0-50cm's with the foam line position indicated on glass melt surface
Region.Preferably, first threshold is greater than or equal to 5 DEG C, and second threshold is greater than or equal to 2 DEG C.
Some aspects set temperature relative to furnace roof in the top temperature that the temperature signal of first temperature sensor indicates
Degree increases the bottom of pond indicated more than the temperature signal of the third threshold value and the second temperature sensor bigger than the first threshold
In the case that temperature is reduced relative to bottom of pond set temperature more than the 4th threshold value bigger than the second threshold, the control device
The second indication signal is exported as second level second control signal, mesh is extended to the foam line position indicated on glass melt surface
Mark foam line downstream, target foam line and the midpoint of hot spot or so.Preferably, third threshold value is greater than or equal to 10 DEG C, and the
Four threshold values are greater than or equal to 5 DEG C.
Some aspects set temperature relative to furnace roof in the top temperature that the temperature signal of first temperature sensor indicates
Degree increases the bottom of pond indicated more than the temperature signal of fiveth threshold value and the second temperature sensor bigger than the third threshold value
In the case that temperature reduces the 6th threshold value exceeded more than or equal to the 4th threshold value relative to bottom of pond set temperature, the control
Device output third indication signal processed is prolonged as three-level second control signal with the foam line position indicated on glass melt surface
Extend to region of the hot spot upstream apart from hot spot 0-50cm.Preferably, the 5th threshold value be greater than or equal to 15 DEG C, the 6th threshold value be greater than or
Equal to 5 DEG C.
Some aspects, first temperature sensor are arranged in the glass furnace arch top above target foam line, and described
The glass furnace bottom of pond below target foam line is arranged in two temperature sensors.
Some aspects, the control device include programmable logic controller (PLC) or process control computer.
Some aspects, the operating parameter include the fuel element of glass furnace, flame status, raw material components, load,
Defoam one or more of dosage.
The invention further relates to a kind of glass furnace, which includes the furnace wall for limiting combustion chamber, at least one burning
Port, a feed inlet, a discharge port and it is arranged in one or more of adjacent edges of at least one burning port
A burner, the glass furnace further include system described in any one of above-described embodiment.
Some aspects, the glass furnace is using pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air as burning oxygen source.
The invention further relates to a kind of methods of the foam line position on monitoring glass melt surface, use any of the above-described system
System monitors foam line position, when the first control signal of the corresponding monitoring point for being located at first position of control device output,
The warning device issues first order alarm after receiving, the regulating device makes first order adjusting after receiving；When described
When the first control signal of the corresponding monitoring point for being located at the second position of control device output, the warning device issues after receiving
Second level alarm, the regulating device make second level adjusting after receiving；It is located at third when control device output is corresponding
When the first control signal of the monitoring point of position, the warning device issues third level alarm, the regulating device after receiving
Third level adjusting is made after receiving.Method in the present embodiment passes through the glass metal near monitoring objective foam line and hot spot
Face hierarchically provides alarm signal with the extension of foam, to instruct kiln parameter to adjust.
The first position is preferably in the range of the distance objective foam line 0-50cm of target foam line downstream, more preferably
Ground is in the range of distance objective foam line 30-50cm, when the corresponding monitoring point for being located at first position of control device output
First control signal when, the warning device issues first order alarm after receiving, and the regulating device makes after receiving
The first order is adjusted, and foam position has just extended more than target foam line at this time, can be adjusted according to furnace operation parameter, is controlled
Foam line processed further downstream extends；
The third place is preferably in the range of glass furnace hot spot upstream is apart from kiln hot spot 1-50cm, more preferably
Ground is in the range of apart from glass furnace hot spot 30-50cm；When the corresponding monitoring for being located at the third place of control device output
When the first control signal of point, the warning device issues third level alarm after receiving, and the regulating device is done after receiving
The third level is adjusted out, and foam position downstream moves closer to kiln hot spot at this time, needs rapid according to furnace operation parameter
It is adjusted, otherwise will seriously affect the glass quality of kiln production；
The second position is in any position among described first and the third place, is preferably located in first He
Midpoint between the third place.When the first control letter of the corresponding monitoring point for being located at the second position of control device output
Number when, the warning device receive after issue second level alarm, the regulating device made after receiving the second level adjusting, this
When foam position already exceed target foam line position, it is mobile to continue kiln hot spot downstream, needs to be joined according to furnace operation
Number is adjusted in time, and control foam position should not be close to kiln hot spot.
In the above-mentioned methods, the warning degree of first order alarm, second level alarm and third level alarm can aggravate step by step, example
Three kinds of prompt tones that for example frequency increases step by step and/or rapid degree increases step by step, and/or blue, yellow and red are issued respectively
Coloured light is warned to show warning degree raised three kinds of warning lamps step by step, or using the digital value being visually sequentially increased
Report.Correspondingly, the first order is adjusted, the second level is adjusted and the related regulating degree of third level adjusting is also to increase step by step, with
Just can degree it is higher and higher and more and more rapidly inhibit the downward downstream of foam line.For example, first order adjusting may include making to fire
Expect that feed control device increases solid fuel, the calorific value of gas/solid fuel is matched, 80:20 is adjusted to by 100:0, with suppression
The diffusion of foam processed；It may include further matching the calorific value of gas/solid fuel to be adjusted to by 80:20 that the second level, which is adjusted,
Solid fuel is increased to 50% or so by calorific value proportion, quickly froth bed to be prevented to spread by 50:50；The third level is adjusted can
Including further increasing solid fuel ratio shared by total heat output of fuel, by the calorific value of gas/solid fuel proportion by
50:50 is adjusted to 20:80, solid fuel is increased to 80% or so by calorific value proportion, to control the movement of foam line.
The present invention compensates for blank in the prior art, provide it is a kind of easy to operate, it is digitized for monitoring glass
The system and method for foam line position on glass melt surface in kiln.Especially with foam monitoring device in kiln
The metal level of different location carry out in real time and classified Monitoring, foam line be more than target foam line or when close to kiln hot spot and
When accurately make alarm, so as to subsequently through PLC or computer system regulation kiln operating parameter, reduce foam, control
Foam line position.Furthermore the present invention has also combined the temperature on temperature sensor monitoring kiln arch top and kiln bottom of pond, coping temperature
The trend of variation and two temperature collaborative variations with bottom of pond temperature is that the movement of foam line provides reliable reference and school
Just.
The present invention is further illustrated in following drawings and specific embodiments.However, these attached drawings and specific implementation
Scheme should not be considered limiting the scope of the present invention, and the change that those skilled in the art are readily apparent that is included within the present invention
Spirit and appended claims protection scope in.
Detailed description of the invention
By description with reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention and its purpose, advantage, feature and related fields will be become apparent from
Ground understands.These attached drawings are usually schematical and not to scale for clarity.All attached drawings are for phase
Same or corresponding feature shares identical appended drawing reference.
Fig. 1 is that the edge of the glass furnace under different conditions is illustrated perpendicular to the vertical view that the direction of glass melt surface is looked
Figure, wherein 1a is the foam line under normal condition, and 1b is the foam line downstream extended, and 1c is bubble circle downstream seriously extended
Line, 1d are the extreme cases of the fusing pool surface of the entire glass furnace of foam coverage, and 1e is the foam line upstream shunk back.
Fig. 2 shows the sectional view for the glass furnace for including monitoring system according to an embodiment of the invention, the wherein prisons
Control system includes the foam monitoring device of photoelectric sensor form, for monitoring the foam level of glass melt liquid level in glass furnace
It sets.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of reflection of the photoelectric sensor in Fig. 2 on glass/foam surface.
Fig. 4 shows the section of the glass furnace of the monitoring system including another exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
Figure, wherein the monitoring system includes the foam monitoring device of picture pick-up device form.
Fig. 5 shows the glass in the glass furnace of the monitoring system including another exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
The top view of melt liquid level, wherein the monitoring system includes three photoelectric sensors.
1- glass furnace, 2- feed end, 3- material mountain line, 4- target foam line, the froth zone 5-, 6- bubbler, 7- foam line,
8- hot spot, 9- mirror area, 12 kiln arch tops, 13- kiln bottom of pond, 14- kiln side wall, 15- glass melt surface, 16- flame,
The laser light source of 17- optical sensor, the photoelectric cell of 18- optical sensor, 19- data collector, 20- temperature sensor, 21- temperature
Spend sensor, 22- data collector, 23- data collector, 24- burner, 25- programmable logic control system PLC, 26- combustion
Expect feed control device, 27- high temperature resistant camera equipment, 28- data collector.
Specific embodiment
Unless otherwise defined, whole terms used herein have general technical staff of the technical field of the invention
Normally understood meaning, when using the definition of the following term in part, term used in the singular also may include plural number,
And vice versa.The definition of part term given herein is merely to description specific embodiment, it is not intended that limitation.
Fig. 2 shows the sectional view for the glass furnace for including monitoring system according to an illustrative embodiment of the invention,
In the monitoring include photoelectric sensor form foam monitoring device, for monitoring the foam of glass melt liquid level in glass furnace
Position.Wherein 1 is glass furnace, on the side wall 14 of glass furnace in be provided with burner 24 and foam monitoring device, wherein steeping
Foam monitoring device is photoelectric sensor, and photoelectric sensor includes the laser light source 17 being arranged on the side wall of kiln side and sets relatively
Set the photoelectric cell 18 on the side wall of the kiln other side.Laser light source 17 is located on glass melt surface, to glass melt table
Emit laser at predetermined monitoring point on face, photoelectric cell 18 receives reflection of the laser after glass melt surface 15 reflects
Light, and convert light signals into electric signal and export to the data collector 19 for communicating with connection, data collector 19 is by telecommunications
Number output to the programmable logic control system 25 for communicating with connection, programmable logic control system 25 judges according to electric signal
The laser whether there is foam in the mirror area of glass melt surface or the predetermined monitoring location of froth zone.
Fig. 3 shows showing for the reflection with reference to the photoelectric sensor in embodiment shown in Fig. 2 on glass/foam surface
Meaning, wherein to be laser do not have frothy glass melt surface to reflect to 3a on surface, and 3b is foam of the laser in glass melt surface
On reflection.It can be seen that laser can reflect on foam, the angle of the reflected light when glass melt surface is frothy
Different from the angle of reflected light reflected in glass melt surface, reflected light angulation change, photoelectric cell does not just receive
Thus the optical signal of reflected light cannot also generate corresponding electric signal, programmable logic control system 25 is not connecing at this time
Determine when receiving the electric signal of photoelectric cell at the predetermined monitoring point there are foam and generate correspond to the monitoring point first
Control signal.Programmable logic control system 25 sends first control signal to fuel-feed control device 26, fuel-feed control
It is molten to regulate and control glass that device 26 processed adjusts fuel-feed ratio or the inlet amount of glass furnace when receiving first control signal
Foam line position on body surface face.Optionally warning device (being not shown in Fig. 2) is set, the warning device and control dress
Communication connection is set, is sounded an alarm when receiving first control signal.
Fig. 5 shows the glass in the glass furnace of the monitoring system including another exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
The top view of melt liquid level, wherein the monitoring device includes three photoelectric sensors.As shown in figure 5, along melt flow direction
Interval is provided with three photoelectric sensors, wherein irradiation of the laser of the first photoelectric sensor 17-1 transmitting in glass melt surface
Point is located at the laser of third photoelectric sensor 17-3 transmitting in the upstream of the point of irradiation of glass melt surface, the second photoelectric sensor
17-2 transmitting laser glass melt surface point of irradiation be located at first and third photoelectric sensor emit laser in glass
Between the point of irradiation of bath surface.The laser light source of first photoelectric sensor is located at target bubble in the point of irradiation of glass melt surface
Boundary line downstream, the region for being 0-50cm along melt flow direction and target foam line distance；The laser of third photoelectric sensor
Light source is located at glass furnace hot spot upstream in the point of irradiation of glass melt surface, is with hot spot distance on melt flow direction
Region within 1-50cm；The laser light source of second photoelectric sensor glass melt surface point of irradiation in first and third light
The laser light source of electric transducer is in the midpoint of the point of irradiation of glass melt surface.The laser light source of three photoelectric sensors exists
The point of irradiation of glass melt surface is in kiln in the radial direction in glass furnace axis line position.
Below glass furnace arch top 12 and froth zone in Fig. 2 it can further be seen that above the froth zone of glass melt
Glass furnace bottom of pond 13 be respectively arranged with the first temperature sensor 20 and second temperature sensor 21, be respectively used to detection glass
The temperature of kiln upper space and bottom glass, and convert electric signal for temperature signal and export to 22 He of data collector
23, data collector exports electric signal to the programmable logic control system 25 for communicating with connection, Programmable logical controller
System 25, when programmable logic control system 25 determines that predetermined monitoring is pointed out there are foam and the first and second temperature sensors
Temperature signal respectively in respective preset range when generate second control signal, and send second control signal to fuel-feed
Control device 26 and/or unshowned warning device.
After glass melting furnace each region desired temperature determines, itself just there is a normal fluctuation range, in the model
Within enclosing, belong to normal phenomenon, does not need to be adjusted.The fluctuation range is poor for different glass product and different kilns
It is different can be very big, such as it is positive and negative 2 DEG C that some electronic glasses, which control big arch normal fluctuation range, but some domestic glass tank furnaces
The range may be up to positive and negative 8 DEG C it is even more.Under normal conditions, set temperature value Ts (is set comprising furnace roof set temperature, bottom of pond
Determine temperature etc.), the relationship between allowable fluctuation range Ta (i.e. temperature change threshold value) and observed temperature Tp is when meeting following condition,
It is judged as temperature beyond normal fluctuation range: | Tp-Ts | > | Ta |.Different type, different product, different quality require, difference is grasped
Make the glass furnace of condition, the target temperature setting value Ts of each point, allowable fluctuation range Ta etc. exist larger in kiln
Difference.Wherein, desired temperature Ts refers under ideal operating conditions, i.e., practical foam line is located at (such as Fig. 1 at target foam line
1b) when glass furnace in each point temperature.Temperature threshold in the application needs running parameter and tool according to kiln
Body product calculates, and also needs to consider kiln in-furnace temperature normal fluctuation.
Fig. 4 shows the section of the glass furnace of the monitoring system including another exemplary embodiment according to the present invention
Figure.Wherein 1 is glass furnace, on the side wall 14 of glass furnace in be provided with burner 24, burner generates flame 16 and in phase
Pair other side side wall on foam monitoring device is installed, wherein foam monitoring device be high temperature resistant camera equipment 27, for adopting
Collect the image information of glass melt surface, and image information is exported to data collector 28, data collector will by network
Signal exports to PLC programmable logic control system 25 and carries out image information analysis, judges monitored position based on the analysis results
It sets with the presence or absence of foam.The foam situation near following two position: 1) target foam line downstream is especially monitored, along glass metal
The region that flow direction and target foam line distance are 0-50cm；2) glass furnace hot spot upstream, on melt flow direction
With the region that hot spot distance is within 1-50cm.12 He of glass furnace arch top in Fig. 4 it can further be seen that above froth zone
Glass furnace bottom of pond 13 below froth zone is respectively arranged with the first temperature sensor 20 and second temperature sensor 21, and temperature passes
Sensor 20 and 21 is respectively used to the temperature of detection glass furnace upper space and bottom glass, and converts electricity for temperature signal
Signal is exported to data collector 22 and 23, judges the foam position in glass melt surface foam according to electric signal.Foam prison
The electric signal for surveying device and temperature sensor output is sent to PLC Programmable logical controller by wireless network by data collector
System 25, programmable logic control system 25 connect fuel-feed control device 26 with regulate and control glass furnace fuel element and/
Or unshowned warning device is connected to issue corresponding alarm.
The monitoring device and monitoring method of glass melt surface foam position in the present invention are carried out with reference to embodiments
Detailed description.
In one embodiment of the invention, the flat glass furnace of a daily output 550T/D, using typical sulfur acid
Salt soda-lime-silica glass formula.11 burners are provided at kiln two sides interval, are burnt using pure oxygen/natural gas cross flame.Kiln
Row's bubbler is provided in furnace at the about 1800mm of hot spot upstream, under the target working condition of design, target foam position
In the upstream about 1800mm or so of bubbler, target material mountain line position is in target foam position upstream about 2500mm or so.
In order to monitor control glass melt surface foam position i.e. foam position, three photoelectric sensors are provided with, respectively
Near monitoring objective foam line, hot spot is nearby and the foam situation on the glass melt surface of the two midpoint, use can be sent out
Penetrate the he-Ne laser of red laser.Laser directive photoelectric cell after metal level reflection in the present embodiment, in photoelectric cell
Cylindrical lens focus light rays on an optical fiber light passing pipe.Light into photoelectric cell is moved along light passing pipe, falls in light passing
On the photomultiplier tube of pipe end, the electricity output that photomultiplier tube generates is proportional to the light quantity received.If laser irradiation is pointed out
Metal level on have foam, laser can will change photo elements corresponding with laser light source in the reflection angle of foam surface
Part does not receive the reflected light of former angle, and instantaneous signal disappears.
The laser light source of first photoelectric sensor is located at target foam line downstream in the point of irradiation of glass melt surface, along glass
The region that glass liquid flow direction and target foam line distance are 500mm.The laser light source of second photoelectric sensor is in glass melt
The point of irradiation on surface is located at glass furnace hot spot upstream, the region for being 500mm with hot spot distance on melt flow direction.The
The laser light source of three photoelectric sensors glass melt surface point of irradiation the first and second photoelectric sensors laser light source
Midpoint between the point of irradiation of glass melt surface.Froth zone between setting target material mountain line and target foam line
Top arch top and lower section bottom of pond are respectively provided with arch top thermocouple and bottom of pond thermocouple, as on temperature sensor monitoring froth zone
The temperature in portion space and bottom glass.
Under ideal normal production scenarios, three bubbles being arranged to monitor control glass melt surface different location
Foam monitoring device-photoelectric sensor, the laser irradiation of transmitting is in glass melt surface mirror area, due to mirror under normal production scenarios
Face area does not have a foam, and corresponding photoelectric cell can receive laser in the reflected light of glass melt surface, and optical signal is defeated
Programmable logic control system is reached again to data collector out, optical signal directly can also be delivered to programmable logic control certainly
System processed.When actual foam line does not reach the position of target foam line downstream 500mm, three photoelectric sensors can be defeated
Optical signals, programmable logic control system do not receive the first control signal of corresponding three monitoring points, automatic detection judgement
Foam line position is normal condition.When foam line is more than the position of target foam line downstream 500mm, the first photoelectric sensor without
Method capture and output reflection optical signal, programmable logic control system receive the first of the corresponding monitoring point for being located at first position
Signal is controlled, judges foam line position for the first abnormal condition.Optionally, extend when foam line to target foam line downstream super
When crossing first position, but not yet reaching the third place for being located at the place hot spot upstream 500mm, positioned at first position and the third place it
Between the second photoelectric sensor of the second position can not capture the optical signal with output reflection light, programmable logic control system connects
The first control signal of the corresponding monitoring point for being located at the second position is received, automatic detection judges that foam line position is improper for second
State.When foam line extends to the position of hot spot upstream 500mm to target foam line downstream, third photoelectric sensor can not be caught
The optical signal with output reflection light is obtained, can not capture positioned at the third photoelectric sensor of the third place and believe with the light of output reflection light
Number, programmable logic control system receives the first control signal of the corresponding monitoring point for being located at the third place, and automatic detection is sentenced
Disconnected foam line position is third abnormal condition.The fuel that glass furnace uses in the present embodiment based on natural gas, while with
Petroleum coke powder is spare auxiliary fuel, and when receiving first control signal, detection is judged as programmable logic control system automatically
When abnormal condition, that is, issue corresponding alarm signal, it is subsequent can be by the combustion that is communicated to connect with programmable logic control system
Expect that feed control device correspondingly adjusts the proportion of two kinds of fuel step by step, to reduce foam, controls foam line.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, when due to starting material particle size, the variation of water grading factors, foam line is downstream
Extend, in the case where reaching 500mm extended distance, the first photoelectric sensor lossing signal, programmable logic control system is automatic
Judge that foam line extends to target foam line downstream 500mm.The temperature of glass furnace arch top setting above froth zone at this time
Sensor has detected apparent temperature change, and programmable logic control system issues the first indication signal, i.e., on froth zone
The temperature of side is increased more than 5 DEG C, the temperature sensor of glass furnace bottom of pond setting at this time do not detect the reduction of apparent temperature or
Temperature is reduced less than 2 DEG C.At this time on the basis of the proportion of original gas/solid fuel, fuel-feed control device increases solid
The calorific value of gas/solid fuel is matched and is adjusted to 80:20 by 100:00 by fuel, and to inhibit the diffusion of foam, this is first
Grade is adjusted；Optionally, the first order alarm of the foam line situation of the capable of emitting representative of alarm device at this time, as frequency is lower
And/or the lower prompt tone of rapid degree, and/or blue light is issued with warning lamp.
When the second photoelectric sensor lossing signal, when programmable logic control system issues signal, illustrate foam after
Continue and is extended to target foam line downstream.Glass furnace arch top above froth zone and the glass below froth zone under normal conditions
Kiln bottom of pond setting temperature sensor has occurred and that obvious anomalous variation, i.e. upper temp is increased more than 10 DEG C and glass furnace furnace hearth
Bottom is reduced more than 5 DEG C, and programmable logic control system issues the second indication signal.In photoelectric monitoring system and temperature measurement system
In the case where noting abnormalities simultaneously, programmable logic control system clearly judges that foam line is too long, further fires gas/solid
The calorific value of material, which is matched, is adjusted to 50:50 by 80:20, solid fuel is increased to 50% or so by calorific value proportion, with quick
Froth bed is prevented to spread, this is second level adjusting；Optionally, alarm device capable of emitting representative foam line situation at this time
Second level alarm issues sodium yellow such as the prompt tone that frequency is medium and/or rapid degree is medium, and/or with warning lamp.
When third photoelectric sensor lossing signal, illustrate that foam has downstream been spread close to hot spot, under normal conditions should
Process duration is greater than 2 hours, the glass furnace arch top above froth zone and the glass furnace furnace hearth below froth zone at this time
Temperature sensor is arranged in bottom, it can be found that the anomalous variation of temperature, programmable logic control system issue third instruction letter
Number, i.e., temperature is increased more than 15 DEG C above froth zone, and bottom of pond temperature is reduced more than 6 DEG C.Photoelectric sensor and temperature sensor
The electric signal of output is sent to programmed logic control system, programmed logic control system hair by cable network by data collector
Solid fuel ratio shared by total heat output of fuel will be further increased in signal out, coupled fuel-feed control device
The calorific value of gas/solid fuel is matched and is adjusted to 20:80 by 50:50 by example, and solid fuel is increased to by calorific value proportion
80% or so, to control the movement of foam line, this is third level adjusting；Optionally, the bubble of the capable of emitting representative of alarm device at this time
The third level alarm of Boundary situation is sent out as frequency is higher and/or the rapid higher prompt tone of degree, and/or with warning lamp
Red light out.
Furthermore the method for regulating and controlling foam line not only includes the ratio for increasing solid fuel, further includes adjustment frit side, adjusts
Whole clarifying agent dosage adjusts Temperature Distribution etc. in kiln hot spot value and kiln.
Above, it has been described that preferred embodiment of the invention.However, showing to those skilled in the art
And be clear to, the embodiment can much be modified, without departing from basic thought of the invention.Generally, such as
If fruit is applicable in, above-mentioned all embodiments can be combined.
It should be recognized that in the presence of the group being more likely between the above-mentioned various embodiments that much can be used for specific application
It closes.Therefore, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but can change in the full scope of the attached claims
Become.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of system of the foam line position on monitoring glass melt surface, which is characterized in that the system includes:
Foam monitoring device in glass furnace is set, and the foam monitoring device is configured on monitoring glass melt surface
Foam relevant information at predetermined monitoring point；With
With the control device of foam monitoring device communication connection, the control device is configured to supervise according to from the foam
The foam relevant information for surveying device judges to whether there is foam at the predetermined monitoring point and whether exports corresponding control letter
Number.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The foam monitoring device includes at least a pair of of laser light source and the photoelectric cell being arranged in above glass melt surface, institute
It states laser light source to be configured to for light being emitted at the predetermined monitoring point on glass melt surface, the photoelectric cell configuration
At making it only can receive the light in glass melt surface in foamless situation at the predetermined monitoring point
On reflected light and generate corresponding electric signal, the foam relevant information includes the presence or absence of described electric signal, and
The control device and the photoelectric cell communicate to connect and are configured to do not receiving what the photoelectric cell issued
It is determined as at the predetermined monitoring point there are foam and generates the first control signal of the corresponding monitoring point when electric signal.
3. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The foam monitoring device includes high temperature resistant camera equipment, and the high temperature resistant camera equipment is to the institute on glass melt surface
Predetermined monitoring point is stated image and send the image absorbed to the control device as the foam relevant information, and
And
The control device is configured to analyze received image to judge to whether there is at the predetermined monitoring point
Foam, and it is being determined as at the predetermined monitoring point that there are the first control signals that the corresponding monitoring point is generated when foam.
4. system according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that further include the report with control device communication connection
Alarm device and/or regulating device, the warning device are configured to receiving the first control signal from the control device
When sound an alarm, the regulating device is configured to adjust glass when receiving the first control signal from the control device
The operating parameter of kiln is to adjust the foam line position on glass melt surface.
5. system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the bubble of glass melt surface is arranged in the predetermined monitoring point
In foam area and/or mirror area, it is in particular arranged at one or more positions as described below:
It is located at the first position in target foam line downstream along the flow direction of glass melt, the first position is preferably apart from mesh
In the range of marking foam line 0-50cm, more preferably in the range of distance objective foam line 30-50cm；
It is located at the third place of glass furnace hot spot upstream along the flow direction of glass melt, the third place is preferably in distance
In the range of glass furnace hot spot 1-50cm, more preferably in the range of apart from glass furnace hot spot 30-50cm；With
The second position between described first and the third place, the second position are preferably located in described first and third position
Middle position between setting.
6. system according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the system also includes:
It is arranged on glass furnace arch top above glass melt froth zone and is passed with the first temperature for detecting top temperature variation
Sensor, and the second temperature that bottom of pond temperature change is detected in glass furnace bottom of pond is set below glass melt froth zone
Sensor, first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor communicate to connect respectively with the control device to be sent to it
Corresponding temperature signal,
The control device is determining that there are foam and first temperature sensors and the second temperature at the predetermined monitoring point
The temperature signal of degree sensor generates second control signal when be in respective preset range respectively.
7. system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include being filled with the alarm of control device communication connection
It sets and/or regulating device, the warning device is configured to the hair when receiving the second control signal from the control device
Alarm out, the regulating device are configured to adjust glass furnace when receiving the second control signal from the control device
Operating parameter to adjust the foam line position on glass melt surface.
8. system according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that in the temperature signal table of first temperature sensor
The top temperature shown increases the temperature signal more than first threshold and the second temperature sensor relative to furnace roof set temperature
The bottom of pond temperature of expression is reduced relative to bottom of pond set temperature be no more than second threshold in the case where, control device output the
One indication signal is as level-one second control signal.
9. system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that indicated in the temperature signal of first temperature sensor
It is more than the third threshold value bigger than the first threshold that top temperature is increased relative to furnace roof set temperature and the second temperature passes
The bottom of pond temperature that the temperature signal of sensor indicates reduces by fourth big more than than the second threshold relative to bottom of pond set temperature
In the case where threshold value, the control device exports the second indication signal as second level second control signal.
10. system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that indicated in the temperature signal of first temperature sensor
Top temperature to increase relative to furnace roof set temperature be more than fiveth threshold value bigger than the third threshold value and the second temperature
The bottom of pond temperature that the temperature signal of sensor indicates exceeds more than relative to the reduction of bottom of pond set temperature or is equal to the 4th threshold
In the case where 6th threshold value of value, the control device output third indication signal is as three-level second control signal.
11. system according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the first temperature sensor setting steeps boundary in target
The glass furnace bottom of pond below target foam line is arranged in glass furnace arch top above line, the second temperature sensor.
12. system according to any one of claim 1 to 11, which is characterized in that the control device includes programmable
Logic controller or process control computer.
13. the system according to claim 4 or 7, which is characterized in that the operating parameter includes the fuel stack of glass furnace
Point, flame status, raw material components, load, defoaming one or more of dosage.
14. a kind of glass furnace, which includes the furnace wall for limiting combustion chamber, at least one burning port, a charging
Mouthful, a discharge port and be arranged at least one burning port edge one or more burners, feature exists
In the glass furnace further includes system according to any one of claim 1 to 13.
15. glass furnace according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the glass furnace uses pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
As burning oxygen source.
16. a kind of method of the foam line position on monitoring glass melt surface, which is characterized in that use institute in claim 5
The system stated monitors foam line position,
When the first control signal of the corresponding monitoring point for being located at first position of control device output, the warning device is connect
First order alarm is issued after receiving, the regulating device makes first order adjusting after receiving；
When the first control signal of the corresponding monitoring point for being located at the second position of control device output, the warning device is connect
Second level alarm is issued after receiving, the regulating device makes second level adjusting after receiving；
When the first control signal of the corresponding monitoring point for being located at the third place of control device output, the warning device is connect
Third level alarm is issued after receiving, the regulating device makes third level adjusting after receiving.
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| CN201811434686.XA CN109489768B (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2018-11-28 | System and method for monitoring bubble boundary line position on surface of glass melt and glass kiln |
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