CN109488310A - Pass through that clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction - Google Patents

Pass through that clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109488310A
CN109488310A CN201811368616.9A CN201811368616A CN109488310A CN 109488310 A CN109488310 A CN 109488310A CN 201811368616 A CN201811368616 A CN 201811368616A CN 109488310 A CN109488310 A CN 109488310A
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tunnel
construction
hole
base
drain cavern
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CN109488310B (en
Inventor
王存宝
赵志辉
段锋
李瑛�
胡晓辉
李奕
郑大伟
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First Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 20th Bureau Group Co Ltd
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First Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 20th Bureau Group Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F16/00—Drainage
    • E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses one kind to pass through clastic rock steep dip against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, comprising steps of one, the preliminary excavation construction of rear side tunnel construction sections and rear side high position escape route segmental construction；Two, rear side tunnel construction sections excavation construction synchronous with drain cavern scupper body and middle part high position escape route segment and service gallery emergency escape system construction；Three, rear side tunnel construction sections, drain cavern scupper body and rear side detour base tunnel segment sync excavation construction and front side high position escape route segment and service gallery emergency escape system construction；Four, front drain cavern body construction, detour base tunnel and tunnel main tunnel synchronous construction and front side high position escape route segment and service gallery emergency escape system subsequent construction；Five, front side tunnel construction sections excavation construction.High-order drain cavern is arranged in the present invention between tunnel main tunnel and detour base tunnel, while high-order escape platform being arranged in tunnel main tunnel, and service gallery emergency escape system is laid in each service gallery, it is ensured that construction safety.

Description

Pass through that clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of tunnel construction, pass through that clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography tunnel more particularly, to one kind Pipeline construction method.
Background technique
Shear-zone, which refers to, is crushed the ground that sillar and several auxiliary faults or the plane of fracture form by dominant fault face and its two sides Band.At home, high angle reversed fault of the section dip angle greater than 45 ° or 30 ° is known as thrust, for passing through inclination angle greater than 60 ° Steep dip thrust constructing tunnel difficulty it is bigger, wherein steep dip thrust refers to that section dip angle is greater than 60 ° of thrust. Clastic rock refers to the mineral generated by parent rock physical weathering and rock debris through carrying, deposition, compacting and rock that is cementing and being formed Stone；Its component is in addition to detrital grain, and there are also miscellaneous base and cements.When carrying out constructing tunnel for Clastic Stratum of Country Rocks, difficulty of construction Larger, especially when locating stratum is the water rich strata rich in underground water, rock crushing is that the preservation of underground water is mentioned with enrichment More favorable condition is supplied, difficulty of construction is very big, Sand easily occurs in construction, along with tomography section dip angle is greater than 60 °, catastrophic effect is easily caused, seriously affects construction safety and benefit.Thus, break to the inverse rich water of rushing of clastic rock steep dip is passed through When the tunnel of layer is constructed, existing construction risk is very big, and the inverse rich water tomography that rushes of clastic rock steep dip is referred to rich in ground It is lauched and stratum is the steep dip thrust of Clastic Stratum of Country Rocks, when being excavated to that clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography, face Easily broke-out diseases, gush sand, and rushing since clastic rock steep dip is inverse rich water tomography is clastic rock and rich in underground water, in high hydraulic pressure It is more likely formed water burst under effect, gushes the geological disasters such as sand, construction risk is high, and difficulty of construction is big and construction speed is slow.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing one kind passes through clast Rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction, and method design is rationally and easy construction, using effect are good, is led by detour Constructing tunnel work efficiency is improved in hole, and high-order drain cavern is provided between tunnel main tunnel and detour base tunnel, can utmostly be discharged disconnected Water is assigned in layer, guarantees each face construction safety；High-order escape platform is set in tunnel main tunnel simultaneously, and in each service gallery Interior laying service gallery emergency escape system, making the escape personnel at each construction location can climb to after a high position quickly by ladder It moves to outside hole, and will not influence the normal pass in tunnel main tunnel and service gallery.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: one kind passes through that clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water Tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: institute's construction tunnel hole be divided into rear side tunnel construction sections, on front side of rear side tunnel construction sections before It side tunnel construction sections and is connected between rear side tunnel construction sections and front side tunnel construction sections and is rushed during rich water tomography passes through from clastic rock steep dip is inverse Portion's tunnel construction sections；
The same side in institute's construction tunnel hole is provided with detour base tunnel and drain cavern, and the detour base tunnel and drain cavern are served as reasons The inverse Tunnel for rushing rich water tomography of clastic rock steep dip is passed through before backward；The detour base tunnel is in rear side tunnel construction sections and front side tunnel The detour base tunnel of formation is excavated between section, the detour base tunnel and institute's construction tunnel hole are laid in same level；It is described Detour base tunnel is divided into rear side base tunnel section, middle part base tunnel section and front side base tunnel section from the front to the back, and the front side base tunnel section is located at described On front side of rear side base tunnel section, the middle part base tunnel section is connected between the rear side base tunnel section and the front side base tunnel section, it is described in Portion's base tunnel section is laid with institute's construction tunnel hole in parallel, and the rear side base tunnel section rear end is intersected with rear side tunnel construction sections and the friendship of the two Prong is intersection after base tunnel, and the front side base tunnel section front end is intersected with front side tunnel construction sections and the intersection of the two is hands over before base tunnel Prong；The rear side base tunnel section is located on rear side of the tunnel construction sections of middle part, and the front side tunnel construction sections are divided into positioned at the preceding intersection of the base tunnel The front tunnel construction sections of front side and the rear portion tunnel construction sections on rear side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel；
The drain cavern includes rear side hole body and is located on front side of the body of the rear side hole and with institute's construction tunnel hole in parallel cloth If front side hole body, front side hole body be located at the upper side in institute's construction tunnel hole and its be located at institute's construction tunnel hole and it is described in Between portion's base tunnel section, rear side hole body is gradually acclivitous Tunnel body from the front to the back；The rear side hole body rear end with The intersection of the intersection of rear side tunnel construction sections and the two is drain cavern intersection, intersection and the drain cavern intersection after the base tunnel It is respectively positioned on rear side of the tunnel construction sections of middle part, the drain cavern intersection and rear side hole body are respectively positioned on after the base tunnel behind intersection Side；
Front side hole body is divided into rear portion hole body and on front side of the body of the rear portion hole and across the inverse punching richness of clastic rock steep dip The front drain cavern body of water tomography, the scupper of the rear portion hole body composition drain cavern in rear side hole body and front side hole body Body；
The middle part base tunnel section is divided into rear portion base tunnel section and is located on front side of the rear portion base tunnel section and passes through clastic rock steep dip The rear portion base tunnel section composition detour of the inverse front base tunnel section for rushing rich water tomography, the rear side base tunnel section and the middle part base tunnel section is led The rear side detour base tunnel section in hole；
The drain cavern and detour base tunnel are the service gallery in institute's construction tunnel hole, intersection and described after the base tunnel Drain cavern intersection is service gallery hole, the friendship that the service gallery hole is intersected for service gallery with institute's construction tunnel hole Prong；Institute's construction tunnel hole is tunnel main tunnel；
The rear side tunnel construction sections and middle part tunnel construction sections of the tunnel main tunnel form main body tunnel construction sections, set in the main body tunnel construction sections It is equipped with high-order escape platform, the high position escape platform is laid along the longitudinal length of the main body tunnel construction sections and the length of the two It spends identical；The service gallery that one connect with the high-order escape platform is laid in each service gallery to meet an urgent need Escape system；
The high position escape platform includes three hole side high position escape routes being laid in tunnel main tunnel from back to front Segment, three high-order escape route segments are laid along the longitudinal extension of tunnel main tunnel and it is being laid in tunnel just The a side in hole side within the walls；Each hole side high position escape route segment is both secured on the side abutment wall of tunnel main tunnel, The abutment wall that hole side high position escape route segment is fixed is the fixed abutment wall of escape route；The two neighboring hole body in front and back It is connected by hole side high position escape route segment between the high position escape route segment of side, the escape of a hole side high position Channel segment is located on the outside of the service gallery hole and it is laid in tunnel main tunnel；The hole side high position escape route section Section is the longitudinally connected frame laid along tunnel main tunnel longitudinal extension；
Three high-order escape route segments are respectively to be laid in the main body tunnel construction sections to be located at drain cavern friendship Rear side high position escape route segment in tunnel segment on rear side of prong is handed over after being laid in base tunnel described in the main body tunnel construction sections Middle part high position escape route segment in tunnel segment between prong and the drain cavern intersection and it is laid in the main body Front side high position escape route segment in tunnel construction sections in the tunnel segment on front side of intersection after the base tunnel；
Hole side high position escape route segment includes multiple longitudinal extensions along tunnel main tunnel cloth from the front to the back If high-order escape route bracket and one be supported on multiple high-order escape route brackets and for escape personnel's walking Abutment wall people from side row platform, multiple high-order escape route brackets are both secured on the fixed abutment wall of the escape route and it is formed For the tunnel longitudinal bracing system of abutment wall side people's row platform, each high-order escape route bracket is laid in locating for it At position on the tunnel cross section of tunnel main tunnel；Abutment wall people from side row platform is faced upward with what is be filled to inverted arch in tunnel main tunnel The clear distance encircleed between filled layer is not less than 2m；The equal Zhi Li in inside of each high-order escape route bracket has one oblique to climb Ladder, oblique ladder bottom is supported on inverted arch filled layer and upper part is supported on high-order escape route bracket；The hole side A high-order escape route bracket in high-order escape route segment near the service gallery hole is that hole is collateral Frame, it is hole side ladder that branch, which stands on the oblique ladder on the inside of the hole side stand,；
Each service gallery emergency escape system includes two and is laid in abutment wall at left and right sides of service gallery respectively The tunnel escape device of inside；
Each tunnel escape device includes one by multiple ladder groups and twice edge that ladders form of meeting an urgent need The safety rope that longitudinal extension side of service gallery lays and is fixed in the ladder group, safety rope described in per pass with multiple institutes Emergency ladder is stated to be fixedly connected；Multiple emergency ladders are laid from back to front along the longitudinal extension of service gallery, described Emergency ladder is the vertical ladder for being fixed on the tunnel support structure and being highly not less than 3m；The difference of safety rope described in twice To be fixed on the upper safety rope on emergency ladder top and below the upper safety rope and being fixed under emergency ladder lower part Safety rope；In each tunnel escape device near the service gallery hole an emergency ladder supplemented by Tunnel hole ladder is helped, each service gallery hole ladder passes through bindiny mechanism and the hole nearest with it The connection of side ladder, the bindiny mechanism are connecting rope or connection frame；
When constructing to institute's construction tunnel hole, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the preliminary excavation construction of rear side tunnel construction sections and rear side high position escape route segmental construction: longitudinally prolonging along tunnel It stretches direction and excavation construction is carried out to the tunnel segment being located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections from the front to the back, and It constructs in the tunnel main tunnel of construction molding to the rear side high position escape route segment from the front to the back；
After the completion of tunnel segment excavation construction after be located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections, applied The molding rear side high position escape route segment of work；
Step 2: rear side tunnel construction sections excavation construction synchronous with drain cavern scupper body and middle part high position escape route segment With service gallery emergency escape system construction: when rear side tunnel construction sections are excavated at the present position of the drain cavern intersection, edge Tunnel longitudinal extension is from the front to the back to being located at intersection after the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections Between tunnel segment carry out excavation construction, while from the front to the back to the scupper of drain cavern since the drain cavern intersection Body carries out excavation construction；
To the tunnel segment being located at after the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel between intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections into During row excavation construction, the middle part high position escape route segment is carried out in the tunnel main tunnel of construction molding from the front to the back Construction, while the longitudinally connected frame will be laid on the outside of the drain cavern intersection；
It opens tunnel segment after being located at the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections between intersection After the completion of excavation construction, the middle part high position escape route segment of construction molding is obtained；
During carrying out excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern, from the front to the back to institute in the drain cavern of construction molding It states service gallery emergency escape system to construct, and by each of the constructed service gallery emergency escape system auxiliary Tunnel hole ladder passes through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder；
Step 3: rear side tunnel construction sections, drain cavern scupper body and rear side detour base tunnel segment sync excavation construction and front side High-order escape route segment and service gallery emergency escape system construction: the intersection after rear side tunnel construction sections are excavated to the base tunnel When at present position, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to being located at after the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections on front side of intersection Tunnel segment carry out excavation construction；Meanwhile excavation construction is continued to the scupper body of drain cavern, and after the base tunnel Intersection starts to carry out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel from the front to the back；
When carrying out excavation construction to the tunnel segment in rear side tunnel construction sections on front side of intersection after the base tunnel, by backward It is preceding to construct in the tunnel main tunnel of construction molding to the front side high position escape route segment, while will be after the base tunnel A longitudinally connected frame is laid on the outside of intersection；
During continuing excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern, from the front to the back to the auxiliary in drain cavern Tunnel emergency escape system continues to construct,
During carrying out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel, from the front to the back in the detour of construction molding It constructs in base tunnel to the service gallery emergency escape system, and will be every in constructed service gallery emergency escape system A service gallery hole ladder passes through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder；
Step 4: front drain cavern body construction, detour base tunnel and tunnel main tunnel synchronous construction and the escape of a front side high position are logical Road segment and service gallery emergency escape system subsequent construction: along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to the front of drain cavern Drain cavern body is constructed；
To the front drain cavern body carry out work progress in, along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to detour base tunnel before Portion's base tunnel section carries out excavation construction, while carrying out from the front to the back to the middle part tunnel construction sections in institute's construction tunnel hole along tunnel extending direction Excavation construction；
The front drain cavern body of drain cavern is carried out in work progress, from the front to the back to the service gallery in drain cavern Emergency escape system continues to construct；After the completion of the front drain cavern body construction, the drain cavern of construction molding is obtained, and And the service gallery emergency escape system of construction molding is obtained in drain cavern；
During carrying out excavation construction to the front base tunnel section of detour base tunnel, from the front to the back to described auxiliary in detour base tunnel Tunnel emergency escape system is helped to continue to construct；After the completion of front base tunnel section construction, construction in detour base tunnel is obtained The molding service gallery emergency escape system；
After the completion of the front base tunnel section construction, excavation construction is carried out to the front side base tunnel section from the front to the back；To described After the completion of the base tunnel section excavation construction of front side, the detour base tunnel of construction molding is obtained；
Step 5: front side tunnel construction sections excavation construction: after the completion of the construction of the detour excavation with guide pit described in the step 4, along tunnel Longitudinal extension carries out excavation construction to the front tunnel construction sections of front side tunnel construction sections from the front to the back, while along the longitudinal extension side in tunnel Excavation construction is carried out to the rear portion tunnel construction sections from the front to the back to front side tunnel construction sections；
After the completion of the front tunnel construction sections and the equal excavation construction of rear portion tunnel construction sections, the front side tunnel of construction molding is obtained Road section completes the work progress in institute's construction tunnel hole.
The above-mentioned clastic rock steep dip that passes through is against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: prolonging in step 4 along tunnel Stretch direction from the front to the back to detour base tunnel carry out subsequent excavation construction when, the face of the detour base tunnel is located at the front and lets out The face rear of water hole body；
Excavation construction is carried out to the middle part tunnel construction sections in institute's construction tunnel hole from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4 When, the face of the middle part tunnel construction sections is located at the face rear of the front drain cavern body.
The above-mentioned clastic rock steep dip that passes through is against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: the longitudinally connected frame is Openable connection frame, the openable connection frame include two turnover brackets that can be overturn from inside to outside, each The outer end of the turnover bracket is connect with a hole side stand in hinged way；Two turnover bracket assembly groups At the escape bracket being connected between the two neighboring hole side high position escape route segment in front and back.
The above-mentioned clastic rock steep dip that passes through is against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: the front drain cavern body From the front to the back it is respectively multiple construction segments, offers drainage hole group outside a hole in each construction segment；
Drainage hole group includes a row or multi-row arch drainage hole and multiple rows of side for laying from the front to the back outside each hole Wall drainage hole, multiple rows of arch drainage hole are laid from the front to the back along the longitudinal extension of front side hole body；Described in every row Arch drainage hole includes multiple arch drainage holes being laid on the outside of front drain cavern body body arch from left to right, each The arch drainage hole is to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water tomography of clastic rock steep dip, each arch row Water hole gradually inclination upwards from the front to the back；The aperture of all arch drainage holes is laid in institute in arch drainage hole described in every row On the same cross section for stating front side hole body；
Abutment wall drainage hole described in every row includes that two groups of left and right is symmetrically laid at left and right sides of the front drain cavern body body Abutment wall drainage hole on the outside of abutment wall, abutment wall drainage hole described in one group is located on institute's construction tunnel hole in abutment wall drainage hole described in two groups Side, abutment wall drainage hole described in another group are located above detour base tunnel；Abutment wall drainage hole described in every group include it is multiple from top to bottom The abutment wall drainage hole of laying, each abutment wall drainage hole is in horizontal layout；All abutment walls in abutment wall drainage hole described in every row The aperture of drainage hole is laid on the same cross section of front side hole body；Each abutment wall drainage hole is from the front to the back It creeps into the inverse drilling rushed in rich water tomography of clastic rock steep dip；
After the completion of the scupper body of drain cavern excavates, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to the front of drain cavern Drain cavern body is constructed；
When constructing in step 4 to the front drain cavern body of drain cavern, from the front to the back in the front drain cavern body Multiple construction segments construct respectively, it is multiple it is described construction segments construction method it is all the same；
When constructing to construction segment described in any of described front drain cavern body, process is as follows:
Step 401, drainage hole construction: using drilling machine to the arch drainage hole of drainage hole group outside hole described in the construction segment It drills respectively with abutment wall drainage hole, obtains drainage hole group outside the hole of construction molding；
Step 402, draining: it is drained by drainage hole group outside hole described in step 401；
Step 403, advanced curtain-grouting: advanced curtain-grouting is carried out to the rock stratum of the construction segment front of tunnel heading, is obtained Obtain the advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction of the construction segment；
Step 404, excavation construction: excavation construction is carried out to the construction segment from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension；
After the completion of multiple construction segments in the front drain cavern body are constructed, the construction of drain cavern is completed Journey.
The above-mentioned clastic rock steep dip that passes through is against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: setting in institute's construction tunnel hole It is equipped with tunnel main tunnel supporting construction, the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction includes that the split molding institute's construction tunnel hole of digging carries out initial stage First Tunnel structure of supporting and the first Tunnel Second Lining being laid on the inside of the first Tunnel structure, The first Tunnel structure and the first Tunnel Second Lining are to carry out tunneling boring supporting to institute's construction tunnel hole Supporting construction；
Drain cavern supporting construction is provided in the drain cavern, the drain cavern supporting construction, which includes that split digging is molding, lets out Water hole carry out preliminary bracing the second Tunnel structure and be laid on the inside of the second Tunnel structure second Tunnel Second Lining, the second Tunnel structure and the second Tunnel Second Lining are to carry out tunneling boring to drain cavern The supporting construction of supporting；
In step 1, when carrying out excavation construction to rear side tunnel construction sections in step 2 and step 3, along the longitudinal extension side in tunnel Molding rear side tunnel construction sections progress supporting is dug to split from the front to the back, and obtains the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction of construction molding；
When carrying out excavation construction to middle part tunnel construction sections in step 4, scrape out along tunnel longitudinal extension is split from the front to the back The middle part tunnel construction sections of type carry out supporting, and obtain the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction of construction molding；
When carrying out excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern in step 2 and step 3, along tunnel longitudinal extension by It is split before backward to dig molding drain cavern progress supporting, and obtain the drain cavern supporting construction of construction molding；
When carrying out excavation construction to each construction segment in step 4, from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension It is split to dig molding drain cavern progress supporting, and obtain the drain cavern supporting construction of construction molding；
Excavation construction is carried out to the scupper body of drain cavern from the front to the back since the drain cavern intersection in step 2 Before, first the first Tunnel structure in region locating for the drain cavern intersection and the first Tunnel Second Lining are distinguished Aperture is carried out, the drain cavern intersection of construction molding is obtained；
The rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel is carried out from the front to the back intersection after the base tunnel in step 3 It is first secondary to the first Tunnel structure in region locating for intersection after the base tunnel and the first tunnel before excavation construction Lining cutting carries out aperture respectively, obtains intersection after the base tunnel of construction molding.
The above-mentioned clastic rock steep dip that passes through is against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: intersecting to the drain cavern The first Tunnel structure and the first Tunnel Second Lining in region locating for mouthful carry out the boring method of aperture and right respectively The first Tunnel structure and the first Tunnel Second Lining in region locating for intersection carry out aperture respectively after the base tunnel Boring method it is identical and both for service gallery hole aperture method；
When carrying out aperture using the service gallery hole aperture method, to first of region locating for the service gallery hole Tunnel structure and the first Tunnel Second Lining carry out aperture respectively, and process is as follows:
Step A1, the first Tunnel Second Lining aperture: secondary to first tunnel in region locating for the service gallery hole Lining cutting carries out aperture, obtains two lining holes；
The structure at two lining hole is identical as the structure at the service gallery hole；
Step A2, the first Tunnel structure aperture: to first tunnel in region locating for the service gallery hole Preliminary bracing structure carries out aperture, obtains just branch hole；
The structure at the just branch hole is identical as the structure at the service gallery hole；
Step A3, hole supporting: using circumferential steel arch-shelf to just branch hole carries out supporting, the circumferential direction described in step A2 Steel arch-shelf be to it is described just branch hole carry out tunneling boring supporting support bracket and its structure with it is described at the beginning of the structure at branch hole it is identical.
It is above-mentioned to pass through that clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterized in that: the arch drainage hole and Abutment wall drainage hole is stratum drainage hole；
By passing through drainage hole group outside the hole when drainage hole group is drained outside hole described in step 401 in step 402 In each stratum drainage hole water is drained into drain cavern, then by being located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections Water is discharged for tunnel segment.
The above-mentioned clastic rock steep dip that passes through is against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: in the rear side tunnel construction sections It is provided with catch pit, the catch pit is located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection；Gutter is provided in the drain cavern, it is described It is laid along the longitudinal extension of drain cavern in gutter；The rear end in the gutter is connected to catch pit；
The aperture of each stratum drainage hole is coaxially installed with orifice tube, and the outer end of each orifice tube is inserted into To a stratum drainage hole, the inner end of each orifice tube is mounted on connecting flange, in each orifice tube End is connect by the connecting flange with the drainpipe for being connected to the gutter；
By when drainage hole group is drained outside hole described in step 401 in step 402, by pacifying in each stratum drainage hole The orifice tube of dress drains into water in drainpipe, then is drained into water in the gutter by the drainpipe, and pass through institute It states gutter to drain into catch pit, then the water in catch pit is drained on the outside of tunnel main tunnel.
The above-mentioned clastic rock steep dip that passes through is against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: multiple construction segments Length it is all the same, it is each it is described construction segment length be 15m~25m；The front base tunnel section, the front drain cavern body It is respectively positioned on same plane with the front end face of the middle part tunnel construction sections；
The middle part tunnel construction sections along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back be respectively multiple main tunnel segments, it is each it is described just The length of hole segment is identical as the construction length of segment；
Excavation construction is carried out to the middle part tunnel construction sections in institute's construction tunnel hole from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4 When, excavation construction is carried out respectively to multiple main tunnel segments from the front to the back；The face of each main tunnel segment is respectively positioned on The face rear of the front drain cavern body and horizontal space between the two is identical as the construction length of segment at this time；
The front base tunnel section is respectively multiple base tunnel segments along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back, each described to lead The length for cheating segment is identical as the construction length of segment；
When carrying out excavation construction to the front base tunnel section of detour base tunnel from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4, by Excavation construction is carried out respectively to multiple base tunnel segments before backward；The face of each base tunnel segment is respectively positioned on institute at this time It states the face rear of front drain cavern body and horizontal space between the two is identical as the construction length of segment.
The above-mentioned clastic rock steep dip that passes through is against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: each base tunnel segment In offer a base tunnel drainage hole group；
Each base tunnel drainage hole group includes a row or multi-row vault drainage hole and multiple rows of side for laying from the front to the back Portion's drainage hole, multiple rows of vault drainage hole are laid from the front to the back along the longitudinal extension of the front base tunnel section；Every row institute Stating vault drainage hole includes multiple vault drainage holes being laid on the outside of the front base tunnel section arch from left to right, Mei Gesuo Stating vault drainage hole is to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water tomography of clastic rock steep dip, each vault draining Kong Jun gradually inclination upwards from the front to the back；The aperture of all vault drainage holes is laid in described in vault drainage hole described in every row On the same cross section of front base tunnel section；
Side drainage hole described in every row includes that two groups of left and right is symmetrically laid in abutment wall at left and right sides of the front base tunnel section The side drainage hole in outside, side drainage hole described in every group include multiple side drainage holes from top to bottom laid, Mei Gesuo State side drainage Kong Juncheng horizontal layout；The aperture in all side drainage holes is laid in described in side drainage hole described in every row On the same cross section of front base tunnel section；Each side drainage hole is to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse punching richness of clastic rock steep dip Drilling in water tomography；
When carrying out excavation construction respectively to multiple base tunnel segments from the front to the back, the excavation of multiple base tunnel segments is applied Work method is all the same；
When constructing to base tunnel segment described in any of described front base tunnel section, process is as follows:
Step B1, drainage hole is constructed: using drilling machine to the vault drainage hole of base tunnel drainage hole group described in the base tunnel segment It drills respectively with side drainage hole, obtains the base tunnel drainage hole group of construction molding；
Step B2, it drains: being drained by drainage hole group outside hole described in step 401；
Step B3, advanced curtain-grouting: advanced curtain-grouting is carried out to the rock stratum of the base tunnel segment front of tunnel heading, is obtained The advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction of the base tunnel segment；
Step B4, excavation construction excavation construction: is carried out to the base tunnel segment from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension；
After the completion of multiple equal excavation constructions in base tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section, the front base tunnel is completed The work progress of section.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, method and step is simple, design is reasonable and easy construction, input cost are lower.
2, used tunnel emergency escape system structure is simple, design is reasonable and easy construction, input cost are lower.It should Tunnel emergency escape system passes through the three holes side high position escape route segment laid in tunnel main tunnel and longitudinally connected frame It is spliced to form firm high-order escape route, while laying in each service gallery intersected with tunnel main tunnel and escaping with a high position respectively Raw channel attached service gallery emergency escape system, makes the equal energy of escape personnel of position in tunnel main tunnel and service gallery It is quickly moved to outside hole after climbing to a high position by ladder, and will not influence the normal pass in tunnel main tunnel and service gallery.
3, high-order escape platform in tunnel main tunnel is reasonable in design, easy construction and using effect are good, using three Continuity high position escape route in hole side high position escape route segment and longitudinally connected frame splicing composition tunnel main tunnel, escape Personnel climb to after high-order escape route by oblique ladder and just can be quickly moved to outside hole, and longitudinally connected frame will not influence with it is auxiliary Help the passage between tunnel and tunnel main tunnel.Also, the high position escape route is the stable platform of a continuity, need to only be passed through After oblique ladder climbs up platform, escape personnel is just moved to a high position, and provides the flat of a fast and easy walking for escape personnel Platform can not only use simultaneously for more people, and escape personnel is mobile rapidly, easy, quickly can run to outside hole, more safety can It leans on.
4, tunnel escape device in service gallery is reasonable in design, easy construction and using effect are good, auxiliary When occurring the larger water burst of burst in tunnel, operating personnel can quickly move the height of tunnel main tunnel by means of emergency ladder and safety rope Position escape platform is simultaneously quickly moved to outside hole.
5, the high-order escape platform in tunnel main tunnel and the tunnel escape device in service gallery are connected with each other simultaneously energy Effectively it is used cooperatively, it is fast after making the escape personnel of position in tunnel main tunnel and service gallery that can climb to a high position by ladder Speed moves to outside hole, and use is safe and reliable, even if having little time to escape from tunnel, can also wait and rescue on emergency ladder or oblique ladder It helps the relief of personnel or keeps a firm hand on safety rope and do not washed away by water burst, effectively reduce and be drowned.
6, drain cavern installation position is reasonable, and high-order drain cavern is arranged between detour base tunnel and tunnel main tunnel, steep to clastic rock Incline it is inverse rush rich water hanging wall hydrous fluids and sufficiently drained, realize that the inverse rich water hanging wall hydrous fluids that rush of clastic rock steep dip " divide The purpose of water decompression ", can effectively ensure construction safety, and the pre-grouting of tunnel main tunnel and detour base tunnel can also be effectively reduced Difficulty of construction can also accelerate construction progress while ensuring construction safety, constructing tunnel quality.
7, the design of drainage hole group rationally, had both been able to achieve drain cavern, tunnel main tunnel and detour and had led outside hole in front drain cavern body Inverse abundant, the effective draining for rushing rich water tomography of hole top clastic rock steep dip, while convenient for construction, arch drainage hole and abutment wall draining The length in hole can be effectively controlled, the effectively save cost of energy, and reduce the duration.
8, middle part tunnel construction sections are bypassed using detour base tunnel, to the tunnel being located on front side of the preceding intersection of base tunnel in institute's construction tunnel hole It constructs road segment.It is located at what the tunnel segment on front side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel was constructed in institute's construction tunnel hole Meanwhile it can synchronize to the tunnel section being located at after the base tunnel between intersection and the preceding intersection of the base tunnel in institute's construction tunnel hole Duan Jinhang construction, thus construction efficiency can be effectively improved, shorten the construction period.Also, it is deposited between detour base tunnel and tunnel main tunnel It is independent of each other in larger spacing, thus with the construction of tunnel main tunnel, and detour base tunnel work progress is easily controllable, work progress peace Entirely, reliably.
9, using effect is good and practical value is high, increases " high-order drain cavern " using in tunnel main tunnel side, while in tunnel The ipsilateral detour base tunnel performed of the right way formed in drainability with drain cavern it is complementary, utmostly be discharged tomography in assign water, protect Demonstrate,prove each face construction safety.Hydraulic pressure in tomography and displacement are reduced using high-order drain cavern, created conditions for grouting and reinforcing, Guarantee fault enhancement effect, curtain-grouting sealing operation is rapidly completed.Meanwhile using detour base tunnel is increased, new construction is provided Work surface improves Faults in Tunnels belt construction work efficiency, effectively save duration.
10, applied widely, it can effectively use to clastic rock rich water tomography containing sand, stratigraphic structure complexity, Sand amount Spray anchor bored tunnel construction when big or the Underground Construction with similar characteristics.
In conclusion the method for the present invention design is reasonable and easy construction, using effect are good, passes through detour base tunnel and improve tunnel Construction efficiency, and high-order drain cavern is provided between tunnel main tunnel and detour base tunnel, it can utmostly be discharged in tomography and assign water, protect Demonstrate,prove each face construction safety；High-order escape platform is set in tunnel main tunnel simultaneously, and lays auxiliary in each service gallery Tunnel emergency escape system is quickly moved to outside hole after so that the escape personnel at each construction location can be climbed to a high position by ladder, And it will not influence the normal pass in tunnel main tunnel and service gallery.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is construction method flow diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the Construction State schematic diagram before drain cavern body in front of the present invention is constructed.
Fig. 3 is the Construction State schematic diagram after the completion of drain cavern body construction in front of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is institute's construction tunnel hole of the present invention, the layout position illustration of detour base tunnel and drain cavern.
Fig. 5 is the plane installation position of detour base tunnel top heading drainage hole group before the present invention constructs to front base tunnel section Schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is structural schematic diagram when open-type connection frame of the present invention is in close state.
Fig. 7 is structural schematic diagram when open-type connection frame of the present invention is in the open state.
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of longitudinal bracing system in tunnel of the present invention and abutment wall people from side row platform.
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the high-order escape route bracket of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the layout position illustration of high-order escape route bracket and oblique ladder in tunnel main tunnel of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the layout position illustration of service gallery emergency escape system in drain cavern of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of drain cavern inner tunnel escape device of the present invention.
Description of symbols:
1-detour base tunnel；2-drain caverns；3-rear side tunnel construction sections；
4-front side tunnel construction sections；5-middle part tunnel construction sections；
6-clastic rock steep dips are inverse to rush rich water tomography；
7-catch pits；8-arch drainage holes；9-abutment wall drainage holes；
Block wall in 10-holes；Block wall in 11-base tunnels；12-main tunnel block walls；
14-1-the first Tunnel structure；
14-2-the second Tunnel structure；
14-3-third Tunnel structure；
The first Tunnel Second Lining of 15-1-；
The second Tunnel Second Lining of 15-2-；
15-3-third Tunnel Second Lining；16-articulated shafts；
17-service gallery inverted arch filled layers；18-vault drainage holes；19-side drainage holes；
20-bar plantings；21-tunnel main tunnels；22-service galleries；
23-high-order escape route brackets；23-1-A-frame；The vertical lever of 23-2-；
23-3-anchor bar；24-abutment wall people from side row platforms；
25-main tunnel inverted arch filled layers；26-turnover brackets；
26-1-hole people from side row platform；26-2-support frame；27-longitudinal rails；
28-overturning drawstrings；29-lower leading blocks；30-upper left leading blocks；
31-upper right leading blocks；32-hoist engines；33-oblique ladders；
34-emergency ladders；35-safety ropes；38-connecting ropes
39-directive wheels；
Specific embodiment
One kind as shown in Figure 1 is passed through clastic rock steep dip and is divided against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction, institute's construction tunnel hole is rushed For rear side tunnel construction sections 3, the front side tunnel construction sections 4 on front side of rear side tunnel construction sections 3 and it is connected to rear side tunnel construction sections 3 and front side tunnel construction sections Between 4 and from the inverse middle part tunnel construction sections 5 for rushing rich water tomography 6 and passing through of clastic rock steep dip, it is detailed in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4；
The same side in institute's construction tunnel hole is provided with detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2, and the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 are equal To pass through the inverse Tunnel for rushing rich water tomography 6 of clastic rock steep dip from the front to the back；The detour base tunnel 1 be rear side tunnel construction sections 3 with The detour base tunnel of formation is excavated between front side tunnel construction sections 4, the detour base tunnel 1 is laid in same level with institute's construction tunnel hole On face；The detour base tunnel 1 is divided into rear side base tunnel section, middle part base tunnel section and front side base tunnel section, the front side base tunnel from the front to the back Section is located on front side of the rear side base tunnel section, the middle part base tunnel section be connected to the rear side base tunnel section and the front side base tunnel section it Between, the middle part base tunnel section is laid with institute's construction tunnel hole in parallel, and the rear side base tunnel section rear end is intersected with rear side tunnel construction sections 3 And the intersection of the two is intersection after base tunnel, the front side base tunnel section front end is intersected with front side tunnel construction sections 4 and the two is intersected Mouth is the preceding intersection of base tunnel；The rear side base tunnel section is located at 5 rear side of middle part tunnel construction sections, and the front side tunnel construction sections 4 divide for positioned at institute State the front tunnel construction sections on front side of the preceding intersection of base tunnel and the rear portion tunnel construction sections on rear side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel；
The drain cavern 2 includes rear side hole body and is located on front side of the body of the rear side hole and is in parallel cloth with institute's construction tunnel hole If front side hole body, front side hole body be located at the upper side in institute's construction tunnel hole and its be located at institute's construction tunnel hole and it is described in Between portion's base tunnel section, rear side hole body is gradually acclivitous Tunnel body from the front to the back；The rear side hole body rear end with The intersection of the intersection of rear side tunnel construction sections 3 and the two is drain cavern intersection, and intersection and the drain cavern intersect after the base tunnel Mouth is respectively positioned on 5 rear side of middle part tunnel construction sections, and the drain cavern intersection and rear side hole body are respectively positioned on intersection after the base tunnel Rear side；
Front side hole body is divided into rear portion hole body and on front side of the body of the rear portion hole and across the inverse punching richness of clastic rock steep dip The front drain cavern body of water tomography 6, the draining of the rear portion hole body composition drain cavern 2 in rear side hole body and front side hole body Hole body；
The middle part base tunnel section is divided into rear portion base tunnel section and is located on front side of the rear portion base tunnel section and passes through clastic rock steep dip The rear portion base tunnel section of the inverse front base tunnel section for rushing rich water tomography 6, the rear side base tunnel section and the middle part base tunnel section forms detour The rear side detour base tunnel section of base tunnel 1；
The drain cavern 2 and detour base tunnel 1 are the service gallery 12 in institute's construction tunnel hole, after the base tunnel intersection and The drain cavern intersection is service gallery hole, and the service gallery hole is service gallery 12 and institute's construction tunnel hole phase The intersection of friendship；Institute's construction tunnel hole is tunnel main tunnel 21；
The rear side tunnel construction sections 3 and middle part tunnel construction sections 5 of the tunnel main tunnel 21 form main body tunnel construction sections, the main body tunnel construction sections It is inside provided with high-order escape platform, the high position escape platform is laid along the longitudinal length of the main body tunnel construction sections and the two Length it is identical；The auxiliary that one connect with the high-order escape platform is laid in each service gallery 22 to cheat Road emergency escape system；
In conjunction with Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12, the high position escape platform includes three and is laid in tunnel from back to front Hole side high position escape route segment in road main tunnel 21, three high-order escape route segments are along the vertical of tunnel main tunnel 21 It is laid to extending direction and its a side for being laid in tunnel main tunnel 21 side within the walls；Each hole side high position escape route Segment is both secured on the side abutment wall of tunnel main tunnel 21, and the abutment wall that hole side high position escape route segment is fixed is to escape The raw fixed abutment wall in channel；It is high-order by hole side between the two neighboring hole side high position escape route segment in front and back The connection of escape route segment, the hole side high position escape route segment is located on the outside of the service gallery hole and it is laid in In tunnel main tunnel 21；The hole side high position escape route segment is to connect along the longitudinal direction that main tunnel 21 longitudinal extension in tunnel is laid Connect frame；
Three high-order escape route segments are respectively to be laid in the main body tunnel construction sections to be located at drain cavern friendship Rear side high position escape route segment in tunnel segment on rear side of prong is handed over after being laid in base tunnel described in the main body tunnel construction sections Middle part high position escape route segment in tunnel segment between prong and the drain cavern intersection and it is laid in the main body Front side high position escape route segment in tunnel construction sections in the tunnel segment on front side of intersection after the base tunnel；
As shown in figure 8, hole side high position escape route segment includes multiple longitudinal extension sides along tunnel main tunnel 21 Be supported on multiple high-order escape route brackets 23 to the high-order escape route bracket 23 laid from the front to the back and one and For abutment wall side people's row platform 24 of escape personnel's walking, it is logical that multiple high-order escape route brackets 23 are both secured to the escape On the fixed abutment wall in road and it forms the tunnel longitudinal bracing system supported for abutment wall side people's row platform 24, each high-order escape Channel bracket 23 is laid at its present position on the tunnel cross section of tunnel main tunnel 21；Abutment wall people from side row platform 24 with The clear distance between inverted arch filled layer 35 being filled to inverted arch in tunnel main tunnel 21 is not less than 2m；Each high-order escape is logical The equal Zhi Li in the inside of road bracket 23 has an oblique ladder 33, and oblique 33 bottom of ladder is supported on inverted arch filled layer 35 and thereon Portion is supported on high-order escape route bracket 23；Near the service gallery hole in hole side high position escape route segment The high-order escape route bracket 23 of one of mouth is hole side stand, and branch stands on the oblique ladder on the inside of the hole side stand 33 be hole side ladder；
As shown in figure 11, each service gallery emergency escape system includes two and is laid in service gallery 22 respectively The tunnel escape device of left and right sides side within the walls；
In conjunction with Figure 12, each tunnel escape device includes the ladder being made of multiple emergency ladders 34 The safety rope 35 laid and be fixed in the ladder group along longitudinal extension side of service gallery 22 with twice is organized, is pacified described in per pass Full rope 35 is fixedly connected with multiple emergency ladders 34；Multiple emergency ladders 34 extend along the longitudinal direction of service gallery 22 Direction is laid from back to front, and the emergency ladder 34 is to be fixed on the tunnel support structure and be highly not less than the vertical of 3m Ladder；Safety rope 35 described in twice is respectively to be fixed on the upper safety rope on emergency 34 top of ladder and be located under the upper safety rope Side and the lower safety rope for being fixed on emergency 34 lower part of ladder；It is cheated in each tunnel escape device near the auxiliary The emergency ladder 34 of one of road hole is service gallery hole ladder, and each service gallery hole ladder passes through company Connection mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder, the bindiny mechanism is connecting rope 38 or connection frame；
When constructing to institute's construction tunnel hole, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the preliminary excavation construction of rear side tunnel construction sections and rear side high position escape route segmental construction: longitudinally prolonging along tunnel It stretches direction and excavation construction is carried out to the tunnel segment being located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 from the front to the back, And it constructs in the tunnel main tunnel 21 of construction molding to the rear side high position escape route segment from the front to the back；
After the completion of tunnel segment excavation construction after be located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections 3, obtain The rear side high position escape route segment of construction molding；
Step 2: rear side tunnel construction sections excavation construction synchronous with drain cavern scupper body and middle part high position escape route segment With service gallery emergency escape system construction: when rear side tunnel construction sections 3 are excavated at the present position of the drain cavern intersection, edge Tunnel longitudinal extension is from the front to the back to being located at intersection after the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 Between tunnel segment carry out excavation construction, while the draining to drain cavern 2 from the front to the back since the drain cavern intersection Hole body carries out excavation construction；
To the tunnel segment being located at after the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel between intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 into During row excavation construction, from the front to the back in the tunnel main tunnel 21 of construction molding to the middle part high position escape route segment into Row construction, while the longitudinally connected frame will be laid on the outside of the drain cavern intersection；
It opens tunnel segment after being located at the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 between intersection After the completion of excavation construction, the middle part high position escape route segment of construction molding is obtained；
It is right in the drain cavern of construction molding 2 from the front to the back during carrying out excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern 2 The service gallery emergency escape system is constructed, and each of constructed service gallery emergency escape system is described auxiliary Tunnel hole ladder is helped to pass through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder；
Step 3: rear side tunnel construction sections, drain cavern scupper body and rear side detour base tunnel segment sync excavation construction and front side High-order escape route segment and service gallery emergency escape system construction: intersect after rear side tunnel construction sections 3 are excavated to the base tunnel When at mouthful present position, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to being located at intersection after the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 The tunnel segment of front side carries out excavation construction；Meanwhile excavation construction continued to the scupper body of drain cavern 2, and from described Intersection starts to carry out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel 1 from the front to the back after base tunnel；
When carrying out excavation construction to the tunnel segment in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 on front side of intersection after the base tunnel, by rear It constructs forward, while will lead described to the front side high position escape route segment in the tunnel main tunnel 21 of construction molding A longitudinally connected frame is laid behind hole on the outside of intersection；
During continuing excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern 2, from the front to the back to described auxiliary in drain cavern 2 Tunnel emergency escape system is helped to continue to construct,
During carrying out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel 1, from the front to the back in the circuitous of construction molding It returns in base tunnel 1 and constructs to the service gallery emergency escape system, and will be in construct service gallery emergency escape system Each of service gallery hole ladder pass through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder；
Step 4: front drain cavern body construction, detour base tunnel and tunnel main tunnel synchronous construction and the escape of a front side high position are logical Road segment and service gallery emergency escape system subsequent construction: along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to drain cavern 2 before Portion's drain cavern body is constructed；
The front drain cavern body is carried out in work progress, along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to detour base tunnel 1 Front base tunnel section carries out excavation construction, while along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 in institute's construction tunnel hole Carry out excavation construction；
The front drain cavern body of drain cavern 2 is carried out in work progress, the auxiliary in drain cavern 2 is cheated from the front to the back Road emergency escape system continues to construct；After the completion of the front drain cavern body construction, the drain cavern of construction molding is obtained 2, and the service gallery emergency escape system of construction molding is obtained in drain cavern 2；
During carrying out excavation construction to the front base tunnel section of detour base tunnel 1, from the front to the back to described in detour base tunnel 1 Service gallery emergency escape system continues to construct；After the completion of front base tunnel section construction, obtains and applied in detour base tunnel 1 The molding service gallery emergency escape system of work；
After the completion of the front base tunnel section construction, excavation construction is carried out to the front side base tunnel section from the front to the back；To described After the completion of the base tunnel section excavation construction of front side, the detour base tunnel 1 of construction molding is obtained；
Step 5: front side tunnel construction sections excavation construction: after the completion of 1 excavation construction of detour base tunnel described in the step 4, along tunnel Road longitudinal extension carries out excavation construction to the front tunnel construction sections of front side tunnel construction sections 4 from the front to the back, while longitudinally prolonging along tunnel It stretches direction and excavation construction is carried out to the rear portion tunnel construction sections of front side tunnel construction sections 4 from the front to the back；
After the completion of the front tunnel construction sections and the equal excavation construction of rear portion tunnel construction sections, the front side tunnel of construction molding is obtained Road section 4 completes the work progress in institute's construction tunnel hole.
In the present embodiment, for convenient for constructing and ensuring work progress safety, the front drain cavern body is distinguished from the front to the back For multiple construction segments, drainage hole group outside a hole is offered in each construction segment；
Drainage hole group includes a row or multi-row arch drainage hole 8 and multiple rows of side for laying from the front to the back outside each hole Wall drainage hole 9, multiple rows of arch drainage hole 8 are laid from the front to the back along the longitudinal extension of front side hole body；Every row institute Stating arch drainage hole 8 includes multiple arch drainage holes 8 being laid on the outside of front drain cavern body body arch from left to right, Each arch drainage hole 8 is to creep into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water tomography 6 of clastic rock steep dip, each described The gradually inclination upwards from the front to the back of arch drainage hole 8；The aperture of all arch drainage holes 8 in arch drainage hole 8 described in every row It is laid on the same cross section of front side hole body；
Abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in every row includes that two groups of left and right is symmetrically laid at left and right sides of the front drain cavern body body Abutment wall drainage hole 9 on the outside of abutment wall, abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in one group is located at institute's construction tunnel in abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in two groups Above hole, abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in another group is located at 1 top of detour base tunnel；Abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in every group include it is multiple by Up to the abutment wall drainage hole 9 of lower laying, each abutment wall drainage hole 9 is in horizontal layout；In abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in every row The aperture of all abutment wall drainage holes 9 is laid on the same cross section of front side hole body；Each abutment wall drainage hole 9 is To be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water tomography 6 of clastic rock steep dip；
After drain cavern 2 scupper body excavate after the completion of, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to drain cavern 2 before Portion's drain cavern body is constructed；
When constructing in step 4 to the front drain cavern body of drain cavern 2, from the front to the back to the front drain cavern body In multiple construction segments construct respectively, it is multiple it is described construction segments construction method it is all the same；
When constructing to construction segment described in any of described front drain cavern body, process is as follows:
Step 401, drainage hole construction: using drilling machine to the arch drainage hole of drainage hole group outside hole described in the construction segment 8 and abutment wall drainage hole 9 drill respectively, obtain drainage hole group outside the hole of construction molding；
Step 402, draining: it is drained by drainage hole group outside hole described in step 401；
Step 403, advanced curtain-grouting: advanced curtain-grouting is carried out to the rock stratum of the construction segment front of tunnel heading, is obtained Obtain the advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction of the construction segment；
Step 404, excavation construction: excavation construction is carried out to the construction segment from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension；
After the completion of multiple construction segments in the front drain cavern body are constructed, the construction of drain cavern 2 is completed Process.
According to general knowledge known in this field, advanced curtain-grouting, which refers to, add comprehensively to the soil body a certain range of in front of tunnel Gu water seal curtain is formed excavating area peripheral edge, to prevent seepage action of ground water from bringing greater risk to constructing tunnel.Step 403 When the advanced curtain-grouting of middle progress, according to conventional advanced curtain-grouting method to the rock stratum of the construction segment front of tunnel heading into The advanced curtain-grouting of row.
Wherein, the detour base tunnel 1 is laid in same level with institute's construction tunnel hole and refers to: the detour base tunnel At 1 maximum excavation width and it is laid in same level at the maximum excavation width in institute's construction tunnel hole.The front side hole Clear distance between body and institute's construction tunnel hole is 5m~10m.In the present embodiment, between front side hole body and institute's construction tunnel hole Clear distance be 7m.When practice of construction, according to specific needs, to the clear distance between front side hole body and institute's construction tunnel hole into The corresponding adjustment of row.Wherein, the clear distance between front side hole body and institute's construction tunnel hole refer to the front side hole body bottom with Vertical spacing between at the top of institute's construction tunnel hole, the front side hole body bottom is located at the upper side at the top of institute's construction tunnel hole.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, block wall 10 in a hole, the hole is arranged in each construction segment rear end Interior block wall 10 and the perpendicular laying of front side hole body and its be the vertical block wall blocked to front side hole body；
In step 401 carry out drainage hole construction before, need to also the construction segment rear end construct hole in block wall 10, applied Block wall 10 is located on rear side of the face of the construction segment in the hole of work and the face of itself and the construction segment abuts.
Before reality excavates any one described construction segment, it is arranged in a hole in the construction segment rear end and seals Wall 10.Wall for grouting when block wall 10 is also capable as carrying out the construction segment advanced curtain-grouting in the hole, thus It is practical.
When practice of construction, it is multiple it is described construction segments length it is all the same, it is each it is described construction segment length be 15m~ 25m.In the present embodiment, the length of each construction segment is 20m, also according to specific needs, is saved to each construction The length of section adjusts accordingly respectively.
In the present embodiment, the front end face of the front base tunnel section, the front drain cavern body and the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is equal It is in the same plane.
In the present embodiment, the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 are respectively multiple main tunnel sections along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back Section, the length of each main tunnel segment are identical as the construction length of segment；
Excavation construction is carried out to the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 in institute's construction tunnel hole from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4 When, excavation construction is carried out respectively to multiple main tunnel segments from the front to the back；The face of each main tunnel segment is respectively positioned on The face rear of the front drain cavern body and horizontal space between the two is identical as the construction length of segment at this time；
The front base tunnel section is respectively multiple base tunnel segments along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back, each described to lead The length for cheating segment is identical as the construction length of segment；
When carrying out excavation construction to the front base tunnel section of detour base tunnel 1 from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4, Excavation construction is carried out respectively to multiple base tunnel segments from the front to the back；The face of each base tunnel segment is respectively positioned at this time The face rear of the front drain cavern body and horizontal space between the two is identical as the construction length of segment.
Utmostly to be drained, a base tunnel drainage hole group is offered in each base tunnel segment.
In conjunction with Fig. 5, each base tunnel drainage hole group includes a row or multi-row vault drainage hole 18 and cloth from the front to the back If multiple rows of side drainage hole 19, multiple rows of vault drainage hole 18 along the front base tunnel section longitudinal extension by backward Preceding laying；Vault drainage hole 18 described in every row includes multiple arches being laid on the outside of the front base tunnel section arch from left to right Top row water hole 18, each vault drainage hole 18 are to be crept into from the front to the back to clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush in rich water tomography 6 Drilling, the gradually inclination upwards from the front to the back of each vault drainage hole 18；All arches in vault drainage hole 18 described in every row The aperture in top row water hole 18 is laid on the same cross section of the front base tunnel section；
Side drainage hole 19 described in every row includes that two groups of left and right is symmetrically laid in the front base tunnel section left and right sides Side drainage hole 19 on the outside of wall, side drainage hole 19 described in every group include multiple side drainage holes from top to bottom laid 19, each side drainage hole 19 is in horizontal layout；All side drainage holes 19 in side drainage hole 19 described in every row Aperture is laid on the same cross section of the front base tunnel section；Each side drainage hole 19 is to creep into from the front to the back To the inverse drilling rushed in rich water tomography 6 of clastic rock steep dip；
When carrying out excavation construction respectively to multiple base tunnel segments from the front to the back, the excavation of multiple base tunnel segments is applied Work method is all the same；
When constructing to base tunnel segment described in any of described front base tunnel section, process is as follows:
Step B1, drainage hole is constructed: using drilling machine to the vault drainage hole of base tunnel drainage hole group described in the base tunnel segment 18 and side drainage hole 19 drill respectively, obtain the base tunnel drainage hole group of construction molding；
Step B2, it drains: being drained by base tunnel drainage hole group described in step B1；
Step B3, advanced curtain-grouting: advanced curtain-grouting is carried out to the rock stratum of the base tunnel segment front of tunnel heading, is obtained The advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction of the base tunnel segment；
Step B4, excavation construction excavation construction: is carried out to the base tunnel segment from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension；
After the completion of multiple equal excavation constructions in base tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section, the front base tunnel is completed The work progress of section.
When carrying out advanced curtain-grouting in the present embodiment, in step B3, according to conventional advanced curtain-grouting method, to this The rock stratum of base tunnel segment front of tunnel heading carries out advanced curtain-grouting.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, block wall 11 in a base tunnel is arranged in each base tunnel segment rear end, it is described In base tunnel block wall 11 and the middle part base tunnel section it is perpendicular laying and its be the vertical envelope blocked to front side hole body Wall；
In the base tunnel block wall 11 and the front base tunnel section it is perpendicular laying and its be to the front base tunnel section into The vertical block wall that row blocks；
In step B1 carry out drainage hole construction before, need to also the base tunnel segment rear end construct base tunnel in block wall 11, institute Block wall 11 is located on rear side of the face of the base tunnel segment in the base tunnel of construction and the face of itself and the base tunnel segment abuts.
Before reality excavates any one described base tunnel segment, it is arranged in a base tunnel in the base tunnel segment rear end Block wall 11.Wall for grouting when block wall 11 is also capable as carrying out the construction segment advanced curtain-grouting in the base tunnel, It is thus practical.
3 front of rear side tunnel construction sections is provided with main tunnel block wall 12, and the main tunnel block wall 12 is in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 Vertical runs and its be the vertical block wall that rear side tunnel construction sections 3 are blocked；The main tunnel block wall 12 and institute's construction tunnel The intraclast rock steep dip inverse rear end face for rushing rich water tomography 6 in hole abuts, in the hole in block wall 10 and base tunnel block wall 11 with Main tunnel block wall 12 is laid in parallel.
Block wall 10 is block wall in the hole of rear end in the hole of the construction segment rear end of the last one in the body of the front side hole, Block wall 11 is rear end base tunnel block wall in the base tunnel of the last one base tunnel segment rear end of front base tunnel section, after described Block wall and the rear end base tunnel block wall are laid on same vertical plane and after the two is respectively positioned on main tunnel block wall 12 in the hole of end Side, the clear distance in the rear end hole between block wall and main tunnel block wall 12 are 2m~5m.Wherein, block wall in the rear end hole Clear distance between main tunnel block wall 12 refers to the rear side of the front side wall of block wall and main tunnel block wall 12 in the rear end hole Horizontal space between wall.
In the present embodiment, it is located on the foremost side in arch drainage hole 8 described in a row in each construction segment, Mei Gesuo The front end for stating arch drainage hole 8 is respectively positioned on front side of the front end face of the construction segment；All arch rows in each construction segment The aperture in water hole 8 is respectively positioned on rear side of the rear end face of the construction segment.A row institute is located on the foremost side in each construction segment It states in abutment wall drainage hole 9, the front end of each abutment wall drainage hole 9 is respectively positioned on front side of the front end face of the construction segment；Each institute The aperture for stating all abutment wall drainage holes 9 in construction segment is respectively positioned on rear side of the rear end face of the construction segment.In this way, can effectively ensure All construction segments can be carried out abundant, effective draining, and can ensure that also can be carried out between two neighboring construction segment sufficiently, Effectively draining, effectively ensures construction safety.
Before being excavated any one described construction segment, the first block wall in the rear end construction hole of the construction segment 10, then drainage hole group outside the hole in the construction segment is drilled with；Recycle outside the hole that is drilled drainage hole group into Row draining, removes block wall 10 in the hole of the construction segment rear end after the completion of draining, then open the construction segment Excavation construction.It is effectively blocked by block wall 10 in hole, can ensure that and the construction segment is carried out in drainage procedure, the front side Water burst occurs in the body of hole, gushes sand accident.Also, sufficiently, effectively after draining, then excavation construction is carried out to the construction segment, can had Effect ensures construction safety.
In the present embodiment, after the aperture of all arch drainage holes 8 is respectively positioned on the construction segment in each construction segment 10 rear side of block wall in the hole at end；The aperture of all abutment wall drainage holes 9 is respectively positioned on the construction segment in each construction segment The rear side of block wall 10 in the hole of rear end effectively in drainage procedure, can excavate molding front side hole body safety in this way.
The aperture of the arch drainage hole 8 is that port, the aperture of the abutment wall drainage hole 9 are port thereafter thereafter.
In the present embodiment, it is located on the foremost side in vault drainage hole 18 described in a row in each base tunnel segment, each The front end of the vault drainage hole 18 is respectively positioned on front side of the front end face of the base tunnel segment；All vaults in each base tunnel segment The aperture of drainage hole 18 is respectively positioned on rear side of the rear end face of the base tunnel segment.A row is located on the foremost side in each base tunnel segment In the side drainage hole 19, the front end in each side drainage hole 19 is respectively positioned on front side of the front end face of the base tunnel segment；Often The aperture in all side drainage holes 19 is respectively positioned on rear side of the rear end face of the base tunnel segment in a base tunnel segment.In this way, can have Effect ensures that all base tunnel segments can be carried out abundant, effective draining, and can ensure that between two neighboring base tunnel segment also can be into Row sufficiently, effectively drains, and effectively ensures construction safety.
Before being excavated any one described base tunnel segment, the first block wall in the rear end construction base tunnel of the base tunnel segment 11, then drainage hole group outside the hole in the base tunnel segment is drilled with；Recycle outside the hole that is drilled drainage hole group into Row draining, removes block wall 11 in the base tunnel of the base tunnel segment rear end after the completion of draining, then carries out to the base tunnel segment Excavation construction.It is effectively blocked by block wall 11 in base tunnel, can ensure that and the base tunnel segment is carried out in drainage procedure, it is described Water burst occurs in the body of front side hole, gushes sand accident.Also, sufficiently, effectively after draining, then excavation construction is carried out to the base tunnel segment, It can effectively ensure construction safety.
In the present embodiment, after the aperture of all vault drainage holes 18 is respectively positioned on the base tunnel segment in each base tunnel segment 11 rear side of block wall in the base tunnel at end；The aperture in all side drainage holes 19 is respectively positioned on the base tunnel section in each base tunnel segment The rear side of block wall 10 in the hole of Duan Houduan effectively in drainage procedure, can excavate molding front side hole body safety in this way.
The aperture of the vault drainage hole 18 is that port, the aperture in the side drainage hole 19 are port thereafter thereafter.
In the present embodiment, block wall 10 in the hole, in base tunnel block wall 11 and main tunnel block wall 12 be with a thickness of The concrete walls of 20cm.When practice of construction, according to specific needs, to block wall 11 and main tunnel in block wall 10 in hole, base tunnel The wall thickness of block wall 12 adjusts accordingly respectively.
To ensure that sluicing effect, the arch drainage hole 8 and abutment wall drainage hole 9 rush rich water tomography into clastic rock steep dip is inverse 6 length is not less than 10m.When practice of construction, according to specific needs, arch drainage hole 8 and abutment wall drainage hole 9 are entered broken The inverse length for rushing rich water tomography 6 of bits rock steep dip adjusts accordingly.
In the present embodiment, the front end face and institute's construction tunnel hole intraclast rock steep dip of front side hole body are inverse to rush rich water tomography 6 front end face is located on same vertical plane.
To improve speed of application, and to ensure construction safety, intersection and 5 rear end face of middle part tunnel construction sections after the base tunnel Between spacing be 50m~100m.Spacing between 5 rear end face of the drain cavern intersection and middle part tunnel construction sections be 120m~ 180m.Spacing between the preceding intersection of the base tunnel and 5 front end face of middle part tunnel construction sections is 20m~60m.It is described in the present embodiment Spacing after base tunnel between 5 rear end face of intersection and middle part tunnel construction sections is 70m, the drain cavern intersection and middle part tunnel construction sections 5 Spacing between rear end face is 150m, and the spacing between the preceding intersection of the base tunnel and 5 front end face of middle part tunnel construction sections is 40m.Its In, the rear end face of middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is the front end face of main tunnel block wall 12, and the front end face of middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is institute's construction tunnel The inverse front end face for rushing rich water tomography 6 of hole intraclast rock steep dip.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, between 5 rear end face of intersection after the base tunnel and middle part tunnel construction sections Spacing and the preceding intersection of base tunnel and middle part tunnel between 5 rear end face of spacing, the drain cavern intersection and middle part tunnel construction sections Spacing between 5 front end faces of section adjusts accordingly respectively.
To ensure construction safety, block wall 10 is located at that 2 intraclast rock steep dip of drain cavern is inverse to rush rich water tomography 6 in the hole On rear side of rear end face.
In the present embodiment, the arch drainage hole 8 and abutment wall drainage hole 9 are stratum drainage hole；
By passing through drainage hole group outside the hole when drainage hole group is drained outside hole described in step 401 in step 402 In each stratum drainage hole water is drained into drain cavern 2, then by being located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 Tunnel segment water is discharged.
The aperture of the stratum drainage hole is φ 100mm~φ 120mm, and the aperture of each stratum drainage hole is coaxial Orifice tube is installed.
In the present embodiment, the vault drainage hole 18 and side drainage hole 19 are the stratum drainage hole.Also, it is each The aperture of the stratum drainage hole is coaxially installed with orifice tube.
As shown in Fig. 2, being provided with catch pit 7 in the rear side tunnel construction sections 3, the catch pit 7 is located at drain cavern friendship On rear side of prong；Gutter is provided in the drain cavern 2, the gutter is laid along the longitudinal extension of drain cavern 2；It is described The rear end in gutter is connected to catch pit 7；
The aperture of each stratum drainage hole is coaxially installed with orifice tube, and the outer end of each orifice tube is inserted into To a stratum drainage hole, the inner end of each orifice tube is mounted on connecting flange, in each orifice tube End is connect by the connecting flange with the drainpipe for being connected to the gutter；
By when drainage hole group is drained outside hole described in step 401 in step 402, by pacifying in each stratum drainage hole The orifice tube of dress drains into water in drainpipe, then is drained into water in the gutter by the drainpipe, and pass through institute It states gutter to drain into catch pit 7, then the water in catch pit 7 is drained into 12 outside of tunnel main tunnel.
When being drained in step B2 by base tunnel drainage hole group described in step B1, by being installed in each stratum drainage hole The orifice tube water is drained into drainpipe, then water is drained by the drainpipe by the gutter in detour base tunnel 1 It is interior, and drained into catch pit 7 by the gutter, finally by 21 outside of water discharge tunnel main tunnel in catch pit 7.
In addition, the junction between the orifice tube and the drainpipe is mounted on hydraulic pressure force checking device, to each The discharge pressure of stratum drainage hole carries out real-time monitoring.In the present embodiment, the direction that meets water inside the orifice tube is laid with strainer.
In this way, the intracorporal water of front drain cavern flows through drainpipe and leads to institute by gutter when actually being drained Catch pit 7 in construction tunnel hole is discharged using pumping plant from tunnel main tunnel 21.Similarly, the water in the front base tunnel section It flows through drainpipe and the catch pit 7 in institute's construction tunnel hole is led to by gutter, be discharged using pumping plant from tunnel main tunnel 21.
In the present embodiment, the outer diameter of length 2.5m~3.5m of the orifice tube, the orifice tube are arranged greater than the stratum The aperture in water hole.
In the present embodiment, the aperture of the stratum drainage hole is φ 110mm.The internal diameter of the orifice tube be φ 108mm and Its wall thickness is 9mm.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, the size in aperture and orifice tube to the stratum drainage hole is carried out Corresponding adjustment.
In the present embodiment, arch drainage hole 8 described in every row includes 3 arch drainage holes, 8,3 arch drainage holes 8 Respectively it is located at and is laid in the middle part drainage hole right above the body of the front side hole and to be symmetrically laid in the middle part drainage hole left The left side drainage hole and right side drainage hole of right two sides, longitudinal extension cloth of the middle part drainage hole along front side hole body If the left side drainage hole is gradually tilted to the left from the front to the back, the right side drainage hole is gradually tilted to the right from the front to the back.Its In, spacing and front side hole body between the front port of the left side drainage hole and the right front port for surveying drainage hole are opened Dig it is of same size, wherein the excavation width of front side hole body refer to the front side hole body outline excavation it is maximum excavate it is wide Degree.In this way, can effectively ensure the drainage effect in region locating for the body of the front side hole by the arch drainage hole 8, and arch The length of drainage hole 8 can also be effectively controlled, the effectively save cost of energy, and reduce the duration.
In the present embodiment, vault drainage hole 8 described in every row includes 3 vault drainage holes, 8,3 vault drainage holes 8 Respectively it is located to be laid in the arch right above the front base tunnel section drainage hole and be symmetrically laid in the arch and arranges The outer drainage hole of leftwall at left and right sides of water hole and the outer drainage hole of RightWall, drainage hole is along the front base tunnel section in the arch Longitudinal extension lay, the outer drainage hole of the leftwall is gradually tilted to the left from the front to the back, the outer drainage hole of the RightWall It is gradually tilted to the right from the front to the back.Wherein, the front port of the outer drainage hole of the leftwall is located on the right side of institute's construction tunnel hole.
As shown in the above, drainage system, and detour base tunnel 1 are provided in the drain cavern 2 and detour base tunnel 1 Construction speed it is slower than the construction speed of drain cavern 2, again can be by detour base tunnel 1 in this way after drain cavern 2 is drained Row supplement draining, the draining of drain cavern 2 and detour base tunnel 1 complement one another, are able to achieve and utmostly drain.Meanwhile detour base tunnel 1 The advanced curtain-grouting difficulty of detour base tunnel 1 can be effectively reduced in interior setting drainage system, and ensures that detour base tunnel 1 is easy, fast Speed construction is completed, and work progress is safe and reliable.
In the present embodiment, the length of advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction described in step 402 is not less than the construction segment Longitudinal length.
To ensure drainage effect, and to further increase difficulty of construction, the arch drainage hole 8 and abutment wall drainage hole 9 Borehole bottom location be respectively positioned on the outside of the advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction of the construction segment, i.e., described 8 He of arch drainage hole The front end of abutment wall drainage hole 9 is respectively positioned on the outside of the advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction, and the construction section can also be effectively ensured in this way The advanced curtain grouting reinforcement effect of section.
Similarly, the vault drainage hole 18 and the borehole bottom location in side drainage hole 19 are respectively positioned on the described super of the base tunnel segment On the outside of preceding curtain-grouting ruggedized construction, i.e., the front end in vault drainage hole 18 and side drainage hole 19 is respectively positioned on the advanced curtain note It starches on the outside of ruggedized construction, the advanced curtain grouting reinforcement effect of the base tunnel segment can also be effectively ensured in this way.
The rear side base tunnel section is the tunnel construction sections being gradually inclined outwardly from the front to the back, and the front side base tunnel section is from the front to the back Gradually intilted tunnel construction sections.In the present embodiment, the rear side base tunnel section, the front side base tunnel section and rear side hole body with Horizontal sextant angle between institute's construction tunnel hole is 60 °.Horizontal sextant angle between rear side hole body and institute's construction tunnel hole is 60°。
Outside each hole in drainage hole group in two rows of arch drainage holes 8 between the aperture of arch drainage hole 8 between Away from for 2m~5m, the spacing in the adjacent two rows abutment wall drainage hole 9 between the aperture of abutment wall drainage hole 9 is 2m~5m.In this way, It can effectively ensure the drainage effect in drain cavern 2 by multiple arch drainage holes 8 and multiple abutment wall drainage holes 9, really It is abundant to protect draining.
Also, in each base tunnel drainage hole group the aperture in two rows of 18 hogging top row water holes 18 of vault drainage hole it Between spacing be 2m~5m, the spacing in the adjacent two rows side drainage hole 19 between the aperture in side drainage hole 19 for 2m~ 5m.In this way, can effectively be ensured in detour base tunnel 1 by multiple vault drainage holes 18 and multiple side drainage holes 19 Drainage effect, it is ensured that draining is abundant.
It is sufficiently drained in construction tunnel hole and 1 top rock mass of detour base tunnel to ensure, institute is located in the body of the front side hole The front end of all abutment wall drainage holes 9 above construction tunnel hole and the horizontal space of the longitudinal centre line of front side hole body be not small In d1, wherein d1 for the longitudinal centre line of front side hole body and the longitudinal centre line in institute's construction tunnel hole horizontal space.Together When, the front end and the longitudinal direction of front side hole body of the interior all abutment wall drainage holes 9 positioned at 1 top of detour base tunnel of front side hole body The horizontal space of center line is not less than d2, and wherein d2 is in the longitudinal centre line of front side hole body and the longitudinal direction of detour base tunnel 1 The horizontal space of heart line.
In the present embodiment, the front end of all abutment wall drainage holes 9 in the body of the front side hole above institute's construction tunnel hole Horizontal space with the longitudinal centre line of front side hole body is d1, positioned at 1 top of detour base tunnel in the body of the front side hole The horizontal space of the longitudinal centre line of the front end and front side hole body of all abutment wall drainage holes 9 is d2.In this way, can not only have Effect ensures drainage effect, guarantees draining sufficiently, meanwhile, make the length of abutment wall drainage hole 9 that can also be effectively controlled, can effectively save About cost, and reduce the duration.
Spacing in the present embodiment, in arch drainage hole 8 described in every row between two neighboring 8 aperture of arch drainage hole It is 1.8m~2.2m, the spacing in abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in every group between neighbouring two abutment wall drainage holes 9 is 2m~3m.
When practice of construction, the clear distance between front side hole body and institute's construction tunnel hole is 8m~9m, the middle part base tunnel Clear distance between section and institute's construction tunnel hole is 26m~30m.
The excavated section of the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 is respectively less than the excavated section in institute's construction tunnel hole.The present embodiment In, the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 are the service gallery in institute's construction tunnel hole.
According to general knowledge known in this field, for tunnel main tunnel is with respect to service gallery, tunnel main tunnel is to need construction molding Tunnel, when constructing to tunnel main tunnel, need to usually construct service gallery, such as inclined shaft, tunnel Heng Dong, base tunnel.It is described Detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 are bicycle road service gallery type section, the excavated section width of the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 (i.e. excavation width, the maximum excavation width of outline excavation) is 3.8m~6m and the excavation height of the two is 3.5m~5m.Cause And the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 are narrow-bore tunnel, although the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 both pass through clastic rock Steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography 6, but compared to for institute's construction tunnel hole, the difficulty of construction of the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 is big Width reduces, and the construction risk of the two is also greatly reduced.
In addition, the detour base tunnel 1 apart from institute's construction tunnel hole farther out, and detour base tunnel 1 select clastic rock steep dip it is inverse The relatively good position of 6 earth formation of rich water tomography is rushed, thus its difficulty of construction and construction risk further decrease.Due to from broken Bits rock steep dip is very big and very time-consuming against 5 difficulty of construction of middle part tunnel construction sections that rich water tomography 6 passes through is rushed, and is led using detour Middle part tunnel construction sections 5 can be bypassed behind hole 1, and the tunnel segment being located on front side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel in institute's construction tunnel hole is carried out Construction.It, can be same while tunnel segment in institute's construction tunnel hole on front side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel is constructed It walks and the tunnel segment being located at after the base tunnel between intersection and the preceding intersection of the base tunnel in institute's construction tunnel hole is applied Work, thus construction efficiency can be effectively improved, shorten the construction period；Also, it can be before intersection after the base tunnel and the base tunnel The intersection position Liang Ge is to the tunnel being located at after the base tunnel between intersection and the preceding intersection of the base tunnel in institute's construction tunnel hole Road segment is constructed in opposite directions, thus can further save the time, further shortens the construction period.
In the present embodiment, the clear distance between front side hole body and institute's construction tunnel hole is 8.4m, the middle part base tunnel section Clear distance between institute's construction tunnel hole is 28.4m.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, between front side hole body and institute's construction tunnel hole clear distance and Clear distance between the middle part base tunnel section and institute's construction tunnel hole adjusts accordingly respectively.
In the present embodiment, front side hole body is gradually acclivitous inclination hole body from the front to the back, front side hole body The gradient be 8%~11%.
When practice of construction, subsequent excavation construction is carried out to detour base tunnel 1 from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4 When, the face of the detour base tunnel 1 is located at the face rear of the front drain cavern body；
Excavation construction is carried out to the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 in institute's construction tunnel hole from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4 When, the face of the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is located at the face rear of the front drain cavern body.In this way, can effectively ensure circuitous Return the working security of base tunnel 1 and middle part tunnel construction sections 5.
In the present embodiment, the front side tunnel construction sections 4 divide on front side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel front tunnel construction sections and Rear portion tunnel construction sections on rear side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel；
When carrying out front drain cavern body construction and detour base tunnel and tunnel main tunnel synchronous construction in step 4, led to detour After the completion of 1 construction of hole, from the front to the back the front tunnel construction sections of front side tunnel construction sections 4 excavate along tunnel longitudinal extension and be applied Work, while excavation construction, thus energy are carried out to the rear portion tunnel construction sections of front side tunnel construction sections 4 from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension Construction speed is effectively improved, the construction period is shortened.Also, it in 5 work progress of middle part tunnel, can synchronize to front side tunnel Section 4 is constructed.
In the present embodiment, tunnel main tunnel supporting construction, the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction are provided in institute's construction tunnel hole It digs molding institute's construction tunnel hole including split and carries out the first Tunnel structure 14-1 of preliminary bracing and be laid in the The first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1, the first Tunnel structure 14-1 on the inside of one Tunnel structure 14-1 It is the supporting construction that tunneling boring supporting is carried out to institute's construction tunnel hole with the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1；
Drain cavern supporting construction is provided in the drain cavern 2, the drain cavern supporting construction includes that split digging is molding Drain cavern 2 carries out the second Tunnel structure 14-2 of preliminary bracing and is laid in the second Tunnel structure 14-2 Second Tunnel Second Lining 15-2, the second Tunnel structure 14-2 and the second Tunnel Second Lining 15-2 of inside It is the supporting construction that tunneling boring supporting is carried out to drain cavern 2；
In step 1, when carrying out excavation construction to rear side tunnel construction sections 3 in step 2 and step 3, along the longitudinal extension side in tunnel The molding progress of rear side tunnel construction sections 3 supporting is dug to split from the front to the back, and obtains the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction of construction molding；
When carrying out excavation construction to middle part tunnel construction sections 5 in step 4, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to excavation Molding middle part tunnel construction sections 5 carry out supporting, and obtain the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction of construction molding；
When carrying out excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern 2 in step 2 and step 3, along tunnel longitudinal extension It is split from the front to the back to dig the molding progress of drain cavern 2 supporting, and obtain the drain cavern supporting construction of construction molding；
When carrying out excavation construction to each construction segment in step 4, from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension It is split to dig the molding progress of drain cavern 2 supporting, and obtain the drain cavern supporting construction of construction molding；
Excavation construction is carried out to the scupper body of drain cavern 2 from the front to the back since the drain cavern intersection in step 2 Before, first to the first Tunnel structure 14-1 in region locating for the drain cavern intersection and the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 carries out aperture respectively, obtains the drain cavern intersection of construction molding；
The rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel 1 is carried out from the front to the back intersection after the base tunnel in step 3 Before excavation construction, first to the first Tunnel structure 14-1 in region locating for intersection after the base tunnel and the first tunnel Secondary lining 15-1 carries out aperture respectively, obtains intersection after the base tunnel of construction molding.
In the present embodiment, the drain cavern 2 and detour base tunnel 1 are the service gallery in institute's construction tunnel hole, the base tunnel Intersection, the preceding intersection of the base tunnel and the drain cavern intersection are service gallery hole afterwards, the service gallery hole The intersection intersected for service gallery with institute's construction tunnel hole；
To the secondary lining of the first Tunnel structure 14-1 and the first tunnel in region locating for the drain cavern intersection It builds 15-1 and carries out the boring method of aperture and the first Tunnel knot to region locating for intersection after the base tunnel respectively The boring method that structure 14-1 and the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 carries out aperture respectively is identical and both for service gallery hole Aperture method；
When carrying out aperture using the service gallery hole aperture method, to first of region locating for the service gallery hole Tunnel structure 14-1 and the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 carry out aperture respectively, and process is as follows:
Step A1, the first Tunnel Second Lining aperture: secondary to first tunnel in region locating for the service gallery hole Lining cutting 15-1 carries out aperture, obtains two lining holes；
The structure at two lining hole is identical as the structure at the service gallery hole；
Step A2, the first Tunnel structure aperture: to first tunnel in region locating for the service gallery hole Preliminary bracing structure 14-1 carries out aperture, obtains just branch hole；
The structure at the just branch hole is identical as the structure at the service gallery hole；
Step A3, hole supporting: using circumferential steel arch-shelf to just branch hole carries out supporting, the circumferential direction described in step A2 Steel arch-shelf be to it is described just branch hole carry out tunneling boring supporting support bracket and its structure with it is described at the beginning of the structure at branch hole it is identical.
To ensure stabilized structure, base tunnel supporting construction is provided in the detour base tunnel 1, the base tunnel supporting construction includes At the beginning of the split molding detour base tunnel 1 of digging carries out the third Tunnel structure 14-3 of preliminary bracing and is laid in third tunnel Third Tunnel Second Lining 15-3, the third Tunnel structure 14-3 and third tunnel on the inside of phase supporting construction 14-3 Road secondary lining 15-3 is the supporting construction that tunneling boring supporting is carried out to detour base tunnel 1.It is practical that detour base tunnel 1 is excavated It is split from the front to the back to dig the molding progress of detour base tunnel 1 supporting when construction, and obtain the base tunnel supporting knot of construction molding Structure.
In the present embodiment, the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 is reinforced concrete structure, first tunnel initial-stage Supporting construction 14-1 includes multiple tunneling boring support frames laid from the front to the back and tunneling boring supporting is carried out to institute's construction tunnel hole With the Bolt net and jet preliminary bracing structure for carrying out tunneling boring supporting to institute's construction tunnel hole, the structure of multiple tunneling boring support frames It is all the same with size and its be in uniformly distributed, the shape and the transverse shape phase in institute's construction tunnel hole of the tunneling boring support frame Together；The Bolt net and jet preliminary bracing structure is using the preliminary bracing structure of net spray method for protecting support construction molding, and the net spray is just Phase supporting construction includes the steel mesh being mounted in institute's construction tunnel hole and is sprayed by one layer on the inner wall of institute's construction tunnel hole The concrete ejection layer that concrete is formed, the steel mesh and the tunneling boring support frame are embedded in the concrete ejection layer It is interior.It is fastenedly connected by multiple longitudinal connecting members between the two neighboring tunneling boring support frame in front and back.
When carrying out the first Tunnel Second Lining aperture in the present embodiment, in step A1, first in the first Tunnel Second Lining 15- Surveying and locating on 1 arch wall, and mark out the excavation contour line at the service gallery hole；Meanwhile marking out two lining hole The excavated sections of the excavation contour line of mouth, two lining hole amplify 20cm (i.e. than the excavated section at the service gallery hole The excavation contour line at two lining hole is located on the outside of the excavation contour line at the service gallery hole and spacing between the two For 20cm), guarantee the reinforcing bar (hereinafter referred to as two lined steel muscle) of the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 and the overlap joint of splash guard, using hand It holds cutting machine and ring cutting is carried out to the concrete of the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 (hereinafter referred to as two lining concretes), joint-cutting depth 5cm, really Guarantor does not damage two lined steel muscle, uses quartering hammer to abolish two lining concretes after the completion of ring cutting, first cuts intermediate position, two lining hole 20cm is reserved at excavation contour line manually uses pneumatic pick to be cut, it is ensured that the excavation contour line concrete at two lining hole it is neat and Splash guard is not destroyed.After the completion of two lining concretes are abolished, cuts two lined steel muscle and splash guard, two lined steel muscle and splash guard are all made of and cut Cutting mill is cut, and two lined steel muscle and splash guard reserve enough laps of splice, and two lined steel muscle reserve lap of splice 70cm, waterproof Plate reserves lap of splice 60cm.
When carrying out the first Tunnel structure aperture in step A2, the excavated section at the just branch hole is more auxiliary than described Helping the excavated section at tunnel hole to amplify 10cm, (excavation contour line at the just branch hole is located at opening for the service gallery hole Dig on the outside of contour line and spacing between the two be 10cm), the first Tunnel structure 14-1 is first cut using quartering hammer Concrete ejection layer, the protection of two lining reserved steel bars and splash guard is carried out during cutting.
After the concrete ejection layer of the first Tunnel structure 14-1 is cut, the first Tunnel knot is cut The tunneling boring support frame (i.e. just branch steel arch-shelf) in structure 14-1, uses 3m long lock foot anchor tube to original before cutting just branch steel arch-shelf First branch steel arch-shelf is reinforced, while being reinforced using the circumferential steel arch-shelf, and the circumferential direction steel arch-shelf and the auxiliary are cheated The tunneling boring support frame (the tunneling boring support frame after cutting) in region locating for road hole is fastenedly connected, after making cutting The tunneling boring support frame arch springing it is not hanging.
Three hole side high position escape route segments and two longitudinally connected framves form tunnel emergency escape system System.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinally connected frame is openable connection frame, and the openable connection frame includes two The turnover bracket 26 that can be overturn from inside to outside, the outer end of each turnover bracket 26 in hinged way with an institute State the connection of hole side stand；Two turnover brackets 26, which are assemblied to form, to be connected to the two neighboring hole side high position in front and back and escapes Escape bracket between raw channel segment.
In actual use, when safety accident not occurring, the openable connection frame is in opening state as shown in Figure 7 State, the openable connection frame will not influence the normal pass between service gallery 22 and tunnel main tunnel 21 at this time；Once hair Raw Sand, the openable connection frame are in open state as shown in FIG. 6, at this time multiple institutes in tunnel main tunnel 21 It states high-order escape route segment and connects to form one and be laid in tunnel main tunnel 21 and the continuity channel outside hole, tunnel can be passed to Escape personnel in main tunnel 21 need to be only climbed by oblique ladder 34 to can escape from hole safely in a short time on continuity channel Outside.
The longitudinally connected frame can also use and be detachably connected frame.In actual use, when safety accident not occurring, by institute It states longitudinally connected frame to separate between two hole side high position escape route segments, the longitudinally connected frame described at this time will not shadow Ring the normal pass between service gallery 22 and tunnel main tunnel 21；Once Sand occurs, the longitudinally connected frame is connected Between two hole side high position escape route segments, multiple high-order escape route sections in tunnel main tunnel 21 at this time Section connection forms one and is laid in tunnel main tunnel 21 and can pass to the continuity channel outside hole, the escape people in tunnel main tunnel 21 Member need to be only climbed by oblique ladder 34 to can escape from outside hole safely in a short time on continuity channel.
When practice of construction, multiple high-order escape route brackets 23 are both secured on the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1.
In the present embodiment, the clear distance between abutment wall people from side row platform 24 and main tunnel inverted arch filled layer 35 is 2.2m.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, between abutment wall side people's row platform 24 and main tunnel inverted arch filled layer 35 Clear distance adjusts accordingly.
Multiple high-order escape route brackets in the present embodiment, in each hole side high position escape route segment 23 in uniformly distributed, and the spacing between the two neighboring high-order escape route bracket 23 is 8m~12m.
In the present embodiment, abutment wall people from side row platform 24 is the plate being supported on the horizontally-supported platform.
In the present embodiment, the high position escape route bracket 23 and turnover bracket 26 are shape steel bracket, not only processing letter And stabilized structure just,.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the turnover bracket 26 includes hole people from side row platform 26-1 and is fixedly supported to hole side The support frame 26-2 of the bottom people row platform 26-1, two hole people from side rows are flat in hole side high position escape route segment Platform 26-1 is spliced into the spliced people's row platform being connected between two neighboring abutment wall people from side row platform 24 in front and back, the spelling The clear distance connect between the length of formula people's row platform and two abutment wall people from side row platforms 24 for being connected to its front and rear sides is identical, The outer end of hole people from side row platform 26-1 is connect with a hole side stand in hinged way.In the present embodiment, institute It states and is attached between spliced people's row platform abutment wall people from side row platform 24 adjacent thereto by articulated shaft 16.The present embodiment In, support frame as described above 26-2 is supported on the service gallery inverted arch filled layer 17 being filled to inverted arch in service gallery 22.
Also, abutment wall people from side row platform 24 and hole people from side row platform 26-1 are rectangular platform.
For the continuity for ensuring tunnel emergency escape system, shape is closed when the hole side high position escape route segment is in When state, all abutment wall people from side row platforms 24 and all hole people from side row platforms are assemblied to form longitudinal people in tunnel main tunnel 21 Row platform, is detailed in Fig. 6.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of support frame 26-2 is one in the turnover bracket 26, and support frame 26-2 is supported in The inner end bottom of hole people from side row platform 26-1.
Also, hole people from side row platform 26-1 includes supporting frame and the hole side that is supported on the supporting frame People's row plate, the outer end of the supporting frame are connect with a hole side stand in hinged way, support frame as described above 26-2 It is supported in the inner end bottom of the supporting frame.In this way, can effectively mitigate the weight of turnover bracket 26, convenient for overturning, and turn over Turn the stable structure of bracket 26, support is steady.
As shown in fig. 7, two turnover brackets 26 in the openable connection frame are respectively cloth in the present embodiment Left side brackets and right side bracket at left and right sides of the service gallery hole, the openable connection frame further include two Under overturning drawstring 28, one for pulling turnover bracket 26 to be overturn from the inside to the outside are laid on the left of the service gallery hole Leading block 29 and two upper left leading blocks 30 being symmetrically laid at left and right sides of the service gallery hole and upper right guiding Pulley 31, the upper left leading block 30 are laid in the upper left side of the left side brackets, and the upper right leading block 31 is laid in The upper right side of the right side bracket, the lower leading block 29 is laid in the upper left side of the left side brackets and it is laid in upper left The underface of leading block 30；
Right side bracket inner end is fixed in one end of a piece overturning drawstring 28 and its other end is oriented to through upper right and slides It is connect after wheel 31 and upper left leading block 30 with hoist engine 32, the left side is fixed in one end of another overturning drawstring 28 Bracket inner end and its other end is connect after lower leading block 29 with hoist engine 32, the hoist engine 32 are laid in the auxiliary hole On hole side high position escape route segment on the left of road hole.
In the present embodiment, the hoist engine 32 is electrical hoist, positive and negative by controlling the motor hoist engine progress Turn to realize and open and close control is carried out to the openable connection frame, control is easy, and it is convenient to realize.
When the loss of power accident occurs for tunnel main tunnel 21, folding and unfolding can also be carried out taking human as to two overturning drawstrings 28, it is real Now the openable connection frame is opened and closed.
As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, the high-order escape route bracket 23 include the A-frame 23-1 being arranged vertically and It is fixed on the vertical lever 23-2 of A-frame 23-1 inside upper part, the A-frame 23-1 includes horizontal support bar and cloth The oblique strut of the oblique strut in inside and outside of lower section inside and outside the horizontal support bar, the oblique strut in inside Upper end is supported in below the inner end of the horizontal support bar, and the upper end of the oblique strut in outside is supported in the horizontal support bar Outer end below, the lower end of the oblique strut in the inside and the oblique strut in outside, which is fastenedly connected, to be integrated；The oblique branch in outside Multiple anchor bar 23-3 being anchored on the fixed abutment wall of the escape route are from top to bottom fixed on the lateral wall of bar, it is multiple The anchor bar 23-3 and A-frame 23-1 and vertical lever 23-2 are laid on same vertical plane；
Multiple horizontal support bars in each hole side high position escape route segment are laid in same plane Upper and its composition longitudinal bracing platform, abutment wall people from side row platform 24 are supported on the horizontally-supported platform.
When high-order escape route bracket 23 is fixed, only need that molding high-order escape route bracket 23 will be pre-machined It is fixed on the fixed abutment wall of the escape route by multiple anchor bar 23-3, it is fixed.The triangle branch Frame 23-1 is shape steel bracket, and stable structure, support is reliably.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of anchor bar 23-3 is two in each high-order escape route bracket 23.It is practical In use, according to specific needs, quantity to anchor bar 23-3 in each high-order escape route bracket 23 and each The installation position of anchor bar 23-3 adjusts accordingly respectively.
To further increase protection effect, hole side high position escape route segment further includes multiple from top to bottom laying It is laid in the longitudinal extension of the longitudinal rail 27 on same vertical plane, 27 construction tunnel main tunnels 21 of the longitudinal rail, Multiple longitudinal rails 27 are laid in parallel；
Multiple vertical lever 23-2 compositions in each hole side high position escape route segment vertically go along with sb. to guard him bone Frame；Multiple longitudinal rails 27 be each attached to it is described vertically go along with sb. to guard him on skeleton, each longitudinal rail 27 with it is described perpendicular It is fixedly connected to the multiple vertical lever 23-2 gone along with sb. to guard him in skeleton.
It include three longitudinal rails 27 in hole side high position escape route segment in the present embodiment.Actually make Used time, according to specific needs, quantity to included longitudinal rail 27 in hole side high position escape route segment and The installation position of each longitudinal rail 27 adjusts accordingly respectively.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinal rail 27 be reinforcing bar and its be weldingly fixed on vertical lever 23-2.
In the present embodiment, oblique 33 upper support of ladder is on the inside of the horizontal support bar.
Also, the oblique ladder 33 is the ladder as made of reinforcement welding.
To further ensure that stability, the oblique ladder 33 is weldingly fixed on the horizontal support bar, and oblique The bottom anchor of ladder 33 is in main tunnel inverted arch filled layer 35.
In the present embodiment, each service gallery hole ladder and hole side ladder connected to it are respectively positioned on institute Locate the same side of service gallery 22.Thus, the bindiny mechanism will not influence the normal pass at the service gallery hole.
In the present embodiment, each service gallery hole ladder passes through described in connecting rope 38 and one nearest with it Hole side ladder connection is provided with one at left and right sides of each service gallery hole and is oriented to connecting rope 38 Directive wheel 39.
In actual use, the bindiny mechanism may be the connection frame.
In the present embodiment, two tunnel escape devices is answered in each service gallery emergency escape system Anxious ladder 34 is in be laid staggeredly.
Also, the emergency ladder 34 from top to bottom gradually slopes inwardly.
When practice of construction, multiple emergency ladders 34 in the ladder group are in uniformly distributed, the two neighboring institute in front and back Stating the spacing between emergency ladder 34 is 8m~12m.The emergency identification lamp 16 is pushed up with the emergency ladder 34 being located at immediately below it The vertical spacing in portion is 0.4m~0.6m.
In the present embodiment, the spacing in the ladder group between the two neighboring emergency ladder 34 in front and back is 10m.
During practice of construction, according to specific needs to the two neighboring emergency ladder 34 in front and back in the ladder group Between spacing adjust accordingly.
When actual processing, the emergency ladder 34 is the ladder as made of reinforcement welding.In the present embodiment, the emergency is climbed Ladder 34 is to be formed by the reinforcement welding of φ 25mm.
In the present embodiment, the safety rope 35 is the rope made of hemp and its binding and fixing is in emergency ladder 34.
Also, the safety rope 35 is the φ 25mm rope made of hemp, and it is firm that the rope made of hemp is bound with reinforcing bar ladder.
In the present embodiment, the emergency ladder 34 is fixed on the second Tunnel Second Lining 15-2 or third Tunnel Second Lining On 15-3.
As shown in figure 12, each emergency ladder 34 includes that left and right two symmetrically lays and is supported in service gallery and face upward Encircle the main supporting element and multiple cross bars being from top to bottom connected between two main supporting elements on filled layer 17；It is each described Main supporting element passes through the bar planting 20 that multiple tracks is from top to bottom laid on same vertical plane and is fixed on the second Tunnel Second Lining 15- On 2；The bar planting 20 is the reinforcing bar that inner end is implanted into the second Tunnel Second Lining 15-2,20 outer end of bar planting and the main branch Support member, which is fastenedly connected, to be integrated.
Fixed to ensure, the main supporting element bottom anchor is in service gallery inverted arch filled layer 17.
The vertical spacing of the upper safety rope and emergency 34 bottom of ladder is 1.4m~1.6m, the lower safety rope and emergency The vertical spacing of 34 bottom of ladder is 0.9m~1.1m.
In the present embodiment, the vertical spacing of the upper safety rope and emergency 34 bottom of ladder is 1.5m, the lower safety rope Vertical spacing with emergency 34 bottom of ladder is 1m.When practice of construction, according to specific needs, to the upper safety rope and described Binding height of the lower safety rope on emergency ladder 34 adjusts accordingly.The safety rope 35 is also referred to as escaping rope.
For demand of further escaping, life jacket and lifesaving are hung on the emergency ladder 34 and oblique ladder 33 Circle, with spare in an emergency situation.
In actual use, when safety accident not occurring, the openable connection frame is in opening state as shown in Figure 7 State, the openable connection frame will not influence the normal pass between service gallery 22 and tunnel main tunnel 21 at this time；Once hair Raw Sand, the openable connection frame are in open state as shown in Figure 1, at this time multiple institutes in tunnel main tunnel 21 It states high-order escape route segment and connects to form one and be laid in tunnel main tunnel 21 and pass to the continuity channel outside hole, tunnel is just Escape personnel in hole 21 need to be only climbed by oblique ladder 34 to can escape from outside hole safely in a short time on continuity channel； And the escape personnel in service gallery 22 can be by the bindiny mechanism from the service gallery hole in service gallery 22 Ladder moves to the hole side ladder in tunnel main tunnel 21, then is quickly moved to outside hole by the high-order escape platform.
Since multiple high-order escape route segments are laid in the side abutment wall of tunnel main tunnel 21, (the i.e. described escape is logical Abutment wall is fixed in road) inside, thus multiple high-order escape route segments lean on the escape route fixed edge wall paper to set, it will not Influence the normal pass in tunnel main tunnel 21.Meanwhile two tunnels in each service gallery emergency escape system Escape device also leans on the two sides wall paper of service gallery 22 to set, thus the service gallery emergency escape system will not shadow Ring the normal pass in service gallery 22.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention in any way, it is all according to the present invention Technical spirit any simple modification to the above embodiments, change and equivalent structural changes, still fall within skill of the present invention In the protection scope of art scheme.

Claims (10)

1. one kind is passed through, clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: institute's construction tunnel hole is divided into Rear side tunnel construction sections (3), the front side tunnel construction sections (4) being located on front side of rear side tunnel construction sections (3) and tunnel construction sections (3) and front side on rear side of being connected to Between tunnel construction sections (4) and from the inverse middle part tunnel construction sections (5) for rushing rich water tomography (6) and passing through of clastic rock steep dip；
The same side in institute's construction tunnel hole is provided with detour base tunnel (1) and drain cavern (2), the detour base tunnel (1) and drain cavern It (2) is to pass through the inverse Tunnel for rushing rich water tomography (6) of clastic rock steep dip from the front to the back；The detour base tunnel (1) is in rear side The detour base tunnel of formation, the detour base tunnel (1) and institute's construction tunnel are excavated between tunnel construction sections (3) and front side tunnel construction sections (4) Hole is laid in same level；The detour base tunnel (1) is divided into rear side base tunnel section, middle part base tunnel section and front side from the front to the back and leads Section is cheated, the front side base tunnel section is located on front side of the rear side base tunnel section, and the middle part base tunnel section is connected to the rear side base tunnel section Between the front side base tunnel section, the middle part base tunnel section is laid with institute's construction tunnel hole in parallel, after the rear side base tunnel section End is intersected with rear side tunnel construction sections (3) and the intersection of the two is intersection after base tunnel, the front side base tunnel section front end and front side tunnel The intersection of road section (4) intersection and the two is the preceding intersection of base tunnel；The rear side base tunnel section is located on rear side of middle part tunnel construction sections (5), The front side tunnel construction sections (4) are divided into the front tunnel construction sections on front side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel and intersect before the base tunnel Rear portion tunnel construction sections on rear side of mouthful；
The drain cavern (2) includes rear side hole body and is located on front side of the body of the rear side hole and lays with institute's construction tunnel hole in parallel Front side hole body, front side hole body is located at the upper side in institute's construction tunnel hole and it is located at institute's construction tunnel hole and the middle part Between base tunnel section, rear side hole body is gradually acclivitous Tunnel body from the front to the back；The rear side hole body rear end is with after The intersection of side tunnel construction sections (3) intersection and the two is drain cavern intersection, and intersection and the drain cavern intersect after the base tunnel Mouth is respectively positioned on middle part tunnel construction sections (5) rear side, and the drain cavern intersection and rear side hole body intersect after being respectively positioned on the base tunnel On rear side of mouthful；
Front side hole body is divided into rear portion hole body and breaks on front side of the body of the rear portion hole and across the inverse rich water of rushing of clastic rock steep dip The front drain cavern body of layer (6), the draining of rear portion hole body composition drain cavern (2) in rear side hole body and front side hole body Hole body；
The middle part base tunnel section is divided into rear portion base tunnel section and is located on front side of the rear portion base tunnel section and passes through the inverse punching of clastic rock steep dip The rear portion base tunnel section composition detour of the front base tunnel section of rich water tomography (6), the rear side base tunnel section and the middle part base tunnel section is led Cheat the rear side detour base tunnel section of (1)；
The drain cavern (2) and detour base tunnel (1) are the service gallery (12) in institute's construction tunnel hole, intersection after the base tunnel It is service gallery hole with the drain cavern intersection, the service gallery hole is service gallery (12) and institute's construction tunnel The intersection of hole intersection；Institute's construction tunnel hole is tunnel main tunnel (21)；
The rear side tunnel construction sections (3) and middle part tunnel construction sections (5) of the tunnel main tunnel (21) form main body tunnel construction sections, the main body tunnel High-order escape platform, longitudinal length laying and two of the high position escape platform along the main body tunnel construction sections are provided in section The length of person is identical；Be laid in each service gallery (22) one connect with the high position escape platform it is described auxiliary Help tunnel emergency escape system；
The high position escape platform includes three hole side high position escape routes being laid in tunnel main tunnel (21) from back to front Segment, three high-order escape route segments are laid along the longitudinal extension of tunnel main tunnel (21) and it is laid in tunnel A side of road main tunnel (21) side within the walls；Each hole side high position escape route segment is both secured to tunnel main tunnel (21) On the abutment wall of side, the abutment wall that hole side high position escape route segment is fixed is the fixed abutment wall of escape route；Front and back is adjacent It is connected by hole side high position escape route segment between two hole side high position escape route segments, the hole Mouth side high position escape route segment is located on the outside of the service gallery hole and it is laid in tunnel main tunnel (21)；The hole Side high position escape route segment is the longitudinally connected frame laid along tunnel main tunnel (21) longitudinal extension；
Three high-order escape route segments are respectively to be laid in the main body tunnel construction sections to be located at the drain cavern intersection Rear side high position escape route segment in the tunnel segment of rear side is laid in intersection after base tunnel described in the main body tunnel construction sections Middle part high position escape route segment in tunnel segment between the drain cavern intersection and it is laid in the main body tunnel Front side high position escape route segment in section in the tunnel segment on front side of intersection after the base tunnel；
Hole side high position escape route segment includes multiple longitudinal extensions along tunnel main tunnel (21) cloth from the front to the back If high-order escape route bracket (23) and one be supported on multiple high-order escape route brackets (23) and for the people that escapes Abutment wall people from side row platform (24) of member's walking, it is solid that multiple high-order escape route brackets (23) are both secured to the escape route On deckle wall and it forms the tunnel longitudinal bracing system supported for abutment wall side people's row platform (24), and each high-order escape is logical Road bracket (23) is laid at its present position on the tunnel cross section of tunnel main tunnel (21)；Abutment wall people from side row platform (24) and to tunnel main tunnel (21) interior inverted arch the clear distance between inverted arch filled layer (35) being filled is not less than 2m；It is each described The equal Zhi Li in inside of high-order escape route bracket (23) has an oblique ladder (33), and oblique ladder (33) bottom is supported in inverted arch On filled layer (35) and upper part is supported on high-order escape route bracket (23)；In hole side high position escape route segment A high-order escape route bracket (23) near the service gallery hole is hole side stand, and branch stands on the hole Oblique ladder (33) on the inside of mouth side stand is hole side ladder；
Each service gallery emergency escape system includes two and is laid in abutment wall at left and right sides of service gallery (22) respectively The tunnel escape device of inside；
Each tunnel escape device includes one by multiple ladder groups and twice edge that ladder (34) form of meeting an urgent need Lay and be fixed on the safety rope (35) in the ladder group, safety rope described in per pass in longitudinal extension side of service gallery (22) (35) it is fixedly connected with multiple emergency ladders (34)；Longitudinal direction of multiple emergency ladder (34) along service gallery (22) Extending direction is laid from back to front, and the emergency ladder (34) is to be fixed on the tunnel support structure and highly not less than 3m Vertical ladder；Safety rope described in twice (35) is respectively to be fixed on the upper safety rope on emergency ladder (34) top and be located at described Upper safety rope lower section and the lower safety rope for being fixed on emergency ladder (34) lower part；In each tunnel escape device near One emergency ladder (34) at the nearly service gallery hole is service gallery hole ladder, each service gallery hole Mouth ladder passes through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder, and the bindiny mechanism is connecting rope (38) or connection frame；
When constructing to institute's construction tunnel hole, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the preliminary excavation construction of rear side tunnel construction sections and rear side high position escape route segmental construction: along the longitudinal extension side in tunnel To from the front to the back in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) be located at the drain cavern intersection on rear side of tunnel segment carry out excavation construction, and It constructs in the tunnel main tunnel (21) of construction molding to the rear side high position escape route segment from the front to the back；
After the completion of tunnel segment excavation construction after be located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections (3), applied The molding rear side high position escape route segment of work；
Step 2: rear side tunnel construction sections excavation construction synchronous with drain cavern scupper body and middle part high position escape route segment with it is auxiliary Help tunnel emergency escape system construction: when rear side tunnel construction sections (3) are excavated at the present position of the drain cavern intersection, along tunnel Road longitudinal extension is from the front to the back to being located at intersection after the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) Between tunnel segment carry out excavation construction, while from the front to the back to the row of drain cavern (2) since the drain cavern intersection Water hole body carries out excavation construction；
Tunnel segment in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) between intersection behind the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel is carried out During excavation construction, from the front to the back in the tunnel main tunnel (21) of construction molding to the middle part high position escape route segment into Row construction, while the longitudinally connected frame will be laid on the outside of the drain cavern intersection；
It excavates tunnel segment after being located at the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) between intersection After the completion of construction, the middle part high position escape route segment of construction molding is obtained；
It is right in the drain cavern of construction molding (2) from the front to the back during carrying out excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern (2) The service gallery emergency escape system is constructed, and each of constructed service gallery emergency escape system is described auxiliary Tunnel hole ladder is helped to pass through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder；
Step 3: rear side tunnel construction sections, drain cavern scupper body and rear side detour base tunnel segment sync excavation construction and front side are high-order Escape route segment and service gallery emergency escape system construction: the intersection after rear side tunnel construction sections (3) are excavated to the base tunnel When at present position, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) be located at the base tunnel after intersection The tunnel segment of front side carries out excavation construction；Meanwhile excavation construction continued to the scupper body of drain cavern (2), and from institute Intersection starts to carry out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel (1) from the front to the back after stating base tunnel；
When carrying out excavation construction to the tunnel segment in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) on front side of intersection after the base tunnel, by backward It constructs, while will lead described to the front side high position escape route segment in the preceding tunnel main tunnel (21) in construction molding A longitudinally connected frame is laid behind hole on the outside of intersection；
During continuing excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern (2), from the front to the back to described auxiliary in drain cavern (2) Tunnel emergency escape system is helped to continue to construct,
During carrying out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel (1), from the front to the back in the detour of construction molding It constructs in base tunnel (1) to the service gallery emergency escape system, and will be in construct service gallery emergency escape system Each of service gallery hole ladder pass through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder；
Step 4: front drain cavern body construction, detour base tunnel and tunnel main tunnel synchronous construction and front side high position escape route section Section is with service gallery emergency escape system subsequent construction: along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to the front of drain cavern (2) Drain cavern body is constructed；
To the front drain cavern body carry out work progress in, along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to detour base tunnel (1) before Portion's base tunnel section carries out excavation construction, while along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to the middle part tunnel construction sections (5) in institute's construction tunnel hole Carry out excavation construction；
The front drain cavern body of drain cavern (2) is carried out in work progress, the auxiliary in drain cavern (2) is cheated from the front to the back Road emergency escape system continues to construct；After the completion of the front drain cavern body construction, the drain cavern of construction molding is obtained (2), the service gallery emergency escape system of construction molding and in drain cavern (2) is obtained；
During carrying out excavation construction to the front base tunnel section of detour base tunnel (1), from the front to the back to described in detour base tunnel (1) Service gallery emergency escape system continues to construct；After the completion of front base tunnel section construction, obtain in detour base tunnel (1) The service gallery emergency escape system of construction molding；
After the completion of the front base tunnel section construction, excavation construction is carried out to the front side base tunnel section from the front to the back；To the front side After the completion of base tunnel section excavation construction, the detour base tunnel (1) of construction molding is obtained；
Step 5: front side tunnel construction sections excavation construction: after the completion of detour base tunnel (1) excavation construction described in step 4, along tunnel Longitudinal extension carries out excavation construction to the front tunnel construction sections of front side tunnel construction sections (4) from the front to the back, while longitudinally prolonging along tunnel It stretches direction and excavation construction is carried out to the rear portion tunnel construction sections of front side tunnel construction sections (4) from the front to the back；
After the completion of the front tunnel construction sections and the equal excavation construction of rear portion tunnel construction sections, the front side tunnel construction sections of construction molding are obtained (4), the work progress in institute's construction tunnel hole is completed.
Pass through that clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction 2. described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: step When carrying out subsequent excavation construction to detour base tunnel (1) from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in rapid four, the detour base tunnel (1) Face is located at the face rear of the front drain cavern body；
Excavation construction is carried out to the middle part tunnel construction sections (5) in institute's construction tunnel hole from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4 When, the face of the middle part tunnel construction sections (5) is located at the face rear of the front drain cavern body.
3. the clastic rock steep dip according to claim 1 or 2 that passes through is against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, feature exists In: the longitudinally connected frame is openable connection frame, and the openable connection frame includes two can carry out from inside to outside The turnover bracket (26) of overturning, the outer end of each turnover bracket (26) in hinged way with a hole side stand Connection；Two turnover brackets (26), which are assemblied to form, is connected to the two neighboring hole side high position escape route segment in front and back Between escape bracket.
4. the clastic rock steep dip according to claim 1 or 2 that passes through is against rich water tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, feature exists In: the front drain cavern body is respectively multiple construction segments from the front to the back, offers one in each construction segment Drainage hole group outside hole；
Drainage hole group includes a row or multi-row arch drainage hole (8) and multiple rows of abutment wall for laying from the front to the back outside each hole Drainage hole (9), multiple rows of arch drainage hole (8) are laid from the front to the back along the longitudinal extension of front side hole body；Every row The arch drainage hole (8) includes multiple arch drainings being laid on the outside of front drain cavern body body arch from left to right Hole (8), each arch drainage hole (8) are to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse brill rushed in rich water tomography (6) of clastic rock steep dip Hole, the gradually inclination upwards from the front to the back of each arch drainage hole (8)；All arches in arch drainage hole (8) described in every row The aperture of portion's drainage hole (8) is laid on the same cross section of front side hole body；
Abutment wall drainage hole (9) described in every row includes that two groups of left and right is symmetrically laid in the front drain cavern body body left and right sides Abutment wall drainage hole (9) on the outside of wall, abutment wall drainage hole (9) described in one group is located at and is constructed in abutment wall drainage hole (9) described in two groups Above Tunnel, abutment wall drainage hole (9) described in another group is located above detour base tunnel (1)；Abutment wall drainage hole (9) described in every group is equal Including multiple abutment wall drainage holes (9) from top to bottom laid, each abutment wall drainage hole (9) is in horizontal layout；Every row institute The aperture for stating all abutment wall drainage holes (9) in abutment wall drainage hole (9) is laid on the same cross section of front side hole body；Often A abutment wall drainage hole (9) is to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water tomography (6) of clastic rock steep dip；
After drain cavern (2) scupper body excavate after the completion of, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to drain cavern (2) before Portion's drain cavern body is constructed；
When constructing in step 4 to the front drain cavern body of drain cavern (2), from the front to the back in the front drain cavern body Multiple construction segments construct respectively, it is multiple it is described construction segments construction method it is all the same；
When constructing to construction segment described in any of described front drain cavern body, process is as follows:
Step 401, drainage hole construction: using drilling machine to the arch drainage hole (8) of drainage hole group outside hole described in the construction segment It drills respectively with abutment wall drainage hole (9), obtains drainage hole group outside the hole of construction molding；
Step 402, draining: it is drained by drainage hole group outside hole described in step 401；
Step 403, advanced curtain-grouting: advanced curtain-grouting is carried out to the rock stratum of the construction segment front of tunnel heading, is somebody's turn to do The advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction of construction segment；
Step 404, excavation construction: excavation construction is carried out to the construction segment from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension；
After the completion of multiple construction segments in the front drain cavern body are constructed, the construction of drain cavern (2) is completed Journey.
5. passing through according to claim 4, clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: institute Tunnel main tunnel supporting construction is provided in construction tunnel hole, the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction, which includes that split digging is molding, is constructed Tunnel carries out the first Tunnel structure (14-1) of preliminary bracing and is laid in the first Tunnel structure The first Tunnel Second Lining (15-1) on the inside of (14-1), the first Tunnel structure (14-1) and the first tunnel two Secondary lining cutting (15-1) is the supporting construction that tunneling boring supporting is carried out to institute's construction tunnel hole；
Drain cavern supporting construction is provided in the drain cavern (2), the drain cavern supporting construction, which includes that split digging is molding, lets out Water hole (2) carries out the second Tunnel structure (14-2) of preliminary bracing and is laid in the second Tunnel structure The second Tunnel Second Lining (15-2) on the inside of (14-2), the second Tunnel structure (14-2) and the second tunnel two Secondary lining cutting (15-2) is the supporting construction that drain cavern (2) are carried out with tunneling boring supporting；
In step 1, when carrying out excavation construction to rear side tunnel construction sections (3) in step 2 and step 3, along tunnel longitudinal extension It is split from the front to the back to dig molding rear side tunnel construction sections (3) progress supporting, and obtain the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction of construction molding；
When carrying out excavation construction to middle part tunnel construction sections (5) in step 4, scrape out along tunnel longitudinal extension is split from the front to the back The middle part tunnel construction sections (5) of type carry out supporting, and obtain the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction of construction molding；
When carrying out excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern (2) in step 2 and step 3, along tunnel longitudinal extension by It is split before backward to dig molding drain cavern (2) progress supporting, and obtain the drain cavern supporting construction of construction molding；
When carrying out excavation construction to each construction segment in step 4, along tunnel, longitudinal extension is split from the front to the back It digs molding drain cavern (2) and carries out supporting, and obtain the drain cavern supporting construction of construction molding；
In step 2 since the drain cavern intersection from the front to the back to the scupper body of drain cavern (2) carry out excavation construction it Before, first to the first Tunnel structure (14-1) in region locating for the drain cavern intersection and the first Tunnel Second Lining (15-1) carries out aperture respectively, obtains the drain cavern intersection of construction molding；
The rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel (1) is opened from the front to the back intersection after the base tunnel in step 3 Before excavation construction, first to the first Tunnel structure (14-1) in region locating for intersection after the base tunnel and the first tunnel Secondary lining (15-1) carries out aperture respectively, obtains intersection after the base tunnel of construction molding.
6. passing through according to claim 5, clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: right The first Tunnel structure (14-1) and the first Tunnel Second Lining (15-1) in region locating for the drain cavern intersection The boring method of aperture and the first Tunnel structure (14- to region locating for intersection after the base tunnel are carried out respectively 1) it is identical and open both for service gallery hole to carry out the boring method of aperture respectively with the first Tunnel Second Lining (15-1) Kong Fa；
When carrying out aperture using the service gallery hole aperture method, to first tunnel in region locating for the service gallery hole Preliminary bracing structure (14-1) and the first Tunnel Second Lining (15-1) carry out aperture respectively, and process is as follows:
Step A1, the first Tunnel Second Lining aperture: to first Tunnel Second Lining in region locating for the service gallery hole (15-1) carries out aperture, obtains two lining holes；
The structure at two lining hole is identical as the structure at the service gallery hole；
Step A2, the first Tunnel structure aperture: to first tunnel initial-stage in region locating for the service gallery hole Supporting construction (14-1) carries out aperture, obtains just branch hole；
The structure at the just branch hole is identical as the structure at the service gallery hole；
Step A3, hole supporting: using circumferential steel arch-shelf to just branch hole carries out supporting, the circumferential direction steel arch described in step A2 Frame be to it is described just branch hole carry out tunneling boring supporting support bracket and its structure with it is described at the beginning of the structure at branch hole it is identical.
7. passing through according to claim 4, clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: institute Stating arch drainage hole (8) and abutment wall drainage hole (9) is stratum drainage hole；
By when drainage hole group is drained outside hole described in step 401 in step 402, by drainage hole group outside the hole Each stratum drainage hole drains into water in drain cavern (2), then by being located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) Tunnel segment water is discharged.
8. passing through according to claim 7, clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: institute It states and is provided with catch pit (7) in rear side tunnel construction sections (3), the catch pit (7) is located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection；It is described to let out Gutter is provided in water hole (2), the gutter is laid along the longitudinal extension of drain cavern (2)；Behind the gutter End is connected to catch pit (7)；
The aperture of each stratum drainage hole is coaxially installed with orifice tube, and the outer end of each orifice tube is inserted into one In a stratum drainage hole, the inner end of each orifice tube is mounted on connecting flange, and each orifice tube inner end is equal It is connect by the connecting flange with the drainpipe for being connected to the gutter；
By passing through what is installed in each stratum drainage hole when drainage hole group is drained outside hole described in step 401 in step 402 The orifice tube drains into water in drainpipe, then is drained into water in the gutter by the drainpipe, and passes through the row Ditch drains into catch pit (7), then the water in catch pit (7) is drained on the outside of tunnel main tunnel (12).
9. passing through according to claim 4, clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: more The length of a construction segment is all the same, and the length of each construction segment is 15m~25m；The front base tunnel section, institute The front end face for stating front drain cavern body and the middle part tunnel construction sections (5) is respectively positioned on same plane；
The middle part tunnel construction sections (5) along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back be respectively multiple main tunnel segments, it is each it is described just The length of hole segment is identical as the construction length of segment；
Excavation construction is carried out to the middle part tunnel construction sections (5) in institute's construction tunnel hole from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4 When, excavation construction is carried out respectively to multiple main tunnel segments from the front to the back；The face of each main tunnel segment is respectively positioned on The face rear of the front drain cavern body and horizontal space between the two is identical as the construction length of segment at this time；
The front base tunnel section is respectively multiple base tunnel segments, each base tunnel section along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back The length of section is identical as the construction length of segment；
When carrying out excavation construction to the front base tunnel section of detour base tunnel (1) from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4, by Excavation construction is carried out respectively to multiple base tunnel segments before backward；The face of each base tunnel segment is respectively positioned on institute at this time It states the face rear of front drain cavern body and horizontal space between the two is identical as the construction length of segment.
10. passing through according to claim 9, clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: A base tunnel drainage hole group is offered in each base tunnel segment；
Each base tunnel drainage hole group includes a row or multi-row vault drainage hole (18) and multiple rows of side for laying from the front to the back Portion's drainage hole (19), longitudinal extension from the front to the back cloth of multiple rows of vault drainage hole (18) along the front base tunnel section If；Vault drainage hole (18) described in every row includes multiple vaults being laid on the outside of the front base tunnel section arch from left to right Drainage hole (18), each vault drainage hole (18) are to be crept into from the front to the back to clastic rock steep dip is inverse to rush rich water tomography (6) Interior drilling, the gradually inclination upwards from the front to the back of each vault drainage hole (18)；Vault drainage hole (18) described in every row In the apertures of all vault drainage holes (18) be laid on the same cross section of the front base tunnel section；
Side drainage hole (19) described in every row include that two groups of left and right is symmetrically laid in abutment wall at left and right sides of the front base tunnel section The side drainage hole (19) in outside, side drainage hole (19) described in every group include multiple side drainage holes from top to bottom laid (19), each side drainage hole (19) is in horizontal layout；All side drainages in side drainage hole (19) described in every row The aperture in hole (19) is laid on the same cross section of the front base tunnel section；Each side drainage hole (19) is served as reasons It is crept into before backward to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water tomography (6) of clastic rock steep dip；
When carrying out excavation construction respectively to multiple base tunnel segments from the front to the back, the excavation construction side of multiple base tunnel segments Method is all the same；
When constructing to base tunnel segment described in any of described front base tunnel section, process is as follows:
Step B1, drainage hole is constructed: using drilling machine to the vault drainage hole (18) of base tunnel drainage hole group described in the base tunnel segment It drills respectively with side drainage hole (19), obtains the base tunnel drainage hole group of construction molding；
Step B2, it drains: being drained by drainage hole group outside hole described in step 401；
Step B3, advanced curtain-grouting: advanced curtain-grouting is carried out to the rock stratum of the base tunnel segment front of tunnel heading, this is obtained and leads Cheat the advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction of segment；
Step B4, excavation construction excavation construction: is carried out to the base tunnel segment from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension；
After the completion of multiple equal excavation constructions in base tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section, the front base tunnel section is completed Work progress.
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CN109763860A (en) * 2019-03-20 2019-05-17 中蓝长化工程科技有限公司 Advanced low level controllably sluiced water conductive fault construction method
CN110630325A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-12-31 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 Draining method for long-distance tunnel by utilizing horizontal directional drilling

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CN101798930A (en) * 2010-03-24 2010-08-11 中铁十二局集团有限公司 Rapid construction method of high-pressure water-rich fault zone of tunnel
CN101922302A (en) * 2010-08-30 2010-12-22 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Fault processing method of high pressure water enrichment area
CN102808628A (en) * 2012-08-18 2012-12-05 山东新阳能源有限公司 Construction method of passage of large-section tunnel by water diversion fault

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CN101798930A (en) * 2010-03-24 2010-08-11 中铁十二局集团有限公司 Rapid construction method of high-pressure water-rich fault zone of tunnel
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CN109763860A (en) * 2019-03-20 2019-05-17 中蓝长化工程科技有限公司 Advanced low level controllably sluiced water conductive fault construction method
CN110630325A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-12-31 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 Draining method for long-distance tunnel by utilizing horizontal directional drilling

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