CN109487089A - A kind of method of rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment - Google Patents

A kind of method of rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment Download PDF

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CN109487089A
CN109487089A CN201910011945.6A CN201910011945A CN109487089A CN 109487089 A CN109487089 A CN 109487089A CN 201910011945 A CN201910011945 A CN 201910011945A CN 109487089 A CN109487089 A CN 109487089A
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rare earth
slag
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salt electrolysis
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田磊
徐志峰
李玉虎
严康
陈丽杰
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Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/04Working-up slag
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/19Fluorine; Hydrogen fluoride
    • C01B7/191Hydrogen fluoride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/005Preliminary treatment of scrap
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B59/00Obtaining rare earth metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/006Wet processes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods of rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment, include the following steps: step 1, and rare earth molten-salt electrolysis slag is milled to certain particle size;Electrolytic slag after ball milling is carried out magnetic separation, obtains magnetic separation tailings and magnetic concentrate by step 2;Step 3 reacts magnetic separation tailings with concentrated sulfuric acid Hybrid Heating, obtains curing slag and HF gas (absorbing preparation HF solution with water);Sulfuric acid curing slag water logging is gone out, obtains infusion by step 4;The infusion that step 4 obtains is carried out fluorination precipitation with the HF solution that step 3 obtains, after solid-liquor separation, obtains rare earth fluoride product by step 5.It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of methods of the rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment of environment friendly and economical, solve the problems, such as that molten-salt electrolysis slag rare earth is separated with fluorine, fluorine, which is finally recycled in reaction system, simultaneously reacts generation precipitating with rare earth, realizes the green production and high efficiente callback of rare earth molten-salt electrolysis slag recovering rare earth, iron.

Description

A kind of method of rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment
Technical field
The present invention relates to rare earth waste comprehensive reutilization processing techniques in rare-earth smelting industry.More specifically, this hair It is bright to be related to the method for fluorine in rare earth fluoride fused salt slag recycled and rare earth, iron recycle.
Background technique
The equipment of current China's production rare earth metal or alloy is the 3000 A electrolytic cells based on manual operations, therefore During progress rare earth metal comes out of the stove, replaces anode, regular prepurging, tears the production operations such as furnace open, there are many non-rare earth impurities to hold very much It easily accumulates in rare earth molten salt, the generation of useless rare earth molten salt is difficult to avoid that.The type of these useless rare earth molten salts is more and miscellaneous The degree difference of matter pollution is also larger.In Molten, the overall recovery of rare earth is 91%~93%, be left 8% or so it is dilute Soil is substantially all loss in useless rare earth molten salt slag.The recycling utilization technical research of useless rare earth molten salt slag at present also not at It is ripe, it useless rare earth molten salt slag or is taken as industrial refuse to abandon or mix useless rare earth molten salt slag to continue to make in certified molten salt With, but sacrifice product quality.In order to save rare earth resources, while meeting the requirement to rare earth metal product quality, reduces energy The production cost of consumption and rare earth metal solves useless rare earth molten salt slag recycling utilization and has been a problem to be solved.
Molten-salt electrolysis system mainly includes fluoride smelt salt and two kinds of Chlorides molten salts.It is molten for rare earth fluoride For salt electrolytic slag, the ingredient of itself is with regard to more complicated, on the whole, is mainly carried out at leaching or roasting with inorganic acid Salt Ore Leaching is used alone in reason, and cost is relatively low, process flow is shorter, high income, but wastewater treatment capacity is big;Using hydrochloric acid and The rate of recovery of the mixing Ore Leaching of nitric acid, rare earth is high, but operating process is complicated, and acid and ammonium hydroxide consumption are big, is difficult industrialization and answers With;It being cured using sulfuric acid, this is simple for process, and production scale is controllable, but main problem is the recycling of HF gas, so The later focus of work should find a kind of method and apparatus that can thoroughly recycle HF gas.For processing rare earth waste Speech, it is necessary to combine wet process and pyrogenic attack, during the treatment the comprehensive cyclic utilization of attentive response reagent, in this way Cost could be reduced, the purpose of industrialized production is finally reached.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of methods of the rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment of environment friendly and economical, for dilute It is heavy to propose magnetic separation-sulfuric acid curing-water logging-HF circulation for the problems that defluorinate Extraction of rare earth is faced in native molten-salt electrolysis slag The method of rare earth handles rare earth molten-salt electrolysis slag process thought, solves the problems, such as that molten-salt electrolysis slag rare earth is separated with fluorine, simultaneously Fluorine be finally recycled in reaction system is reacted with rare earth generation precipitating, realize rare earth molten-salt electrolysis slag recovering rare earth, iron it is green Color production and high efficiente callback, the recycling for molten-salt electrolysis slag provide technical foundation.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of method of rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment includes the following steps.
Step 1: ball milling.
Rare earth molten-salt electrolysis slag is milled to 30-100 μm.
Step 2: magnetic separation.
Electrolytic slag carries out magnetic separation after the ball milling that step 1 is obtained, and obtains magnetic separation tailings and magnetic concentrate.
Step 3: sulfuric acid curing.
The magnetic separation tailings that step 2 obtains is reacted with concentrated sulfuric acid Hybrid Heating, obtains curing slag, residual acid and HF gas, institute It states the absorption of HF gas water and HF solution is prepared.
Step 4: water logging.
The sulfuric acid curing slag water logging that step 3 obtains is gone out, after solid-liquor separation, obtains infusion and water logging slag.
Step 5: fluorination precipitation.
The infusion that step 4 obtains is subjected to fluorination precipitation with the HF solution that step 3 obtains, after solid-liquor separation, is obtained Liquid after to rare earth fluoride and precipitating.
Further, the rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis slag is single or mixed rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis slag.
Further, in step 3, the concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 60 ~ 98wt.%.It is preferred that the concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid be 90 ~ 98wt.%。
Further, in step 3, the liquid-solid ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid and magnetic separation tailings is 1:1~5:1 L/Kg, sulfuric acid curing Temperature is 100~300 DEG C, and the curing time is 1~5 h.It is preferred that the liquid-solid ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid and magnetic separation tailings is 2:1~5:1 L/ Kg, sulfuric acid curing temperature are 150~300 DEG C, and the curing time is 2~5 h.
Further, in step 3, the HF solution concentration is 10-70wt.%.It is preferred that the HF solution concentration is 30- 70wt.%。
Further, in step 4, water soaking temperature be 20~100 DEG C, time 1-300min, liquid-solid ratio be 1:1~ 10:1 L/Kg .It is preferred that the water logging time is 3-300min, liquid-solid ratio is 2:1~10:1 L/Kg.
Further, in step 5, fluorination precipitation temperature is 20~100 DEG C, and the sedimentation time is 1-300 min, water logging Liquid and HF liquor capacity ratio are 1:1~10:1.It is preferred that the sedimentation time is 30-300 min.
Further, the magnetic concentrate in step 2 is as iron-smelting raw material;It is ripe that residual acid in the step 3 returns to sulfuric acid Chemical industry sequence;Water logging slag in step 4 can return to ball milling process;Rare earth fluoride in step 5 returns to rare earth molten-salt electrolysis body It is that liquid returns to water logging process after adding up except iron after precipitating, and obtained iron dross removing is for smelting iron;Realize that the complete of valuable element returns It receives.
The utility model has the advantages that different types of single or mixed rare earth fluoride fused salt electricity can be handled caused by of the invention Slag is solved, realizes efficiently separating for rare earth, iron and fluorine, the rate of recovery of rare earth can reach 95% or more, and fluorine substantially can be returned all It receives and utilizes, the utilization rate of iron can reach 99% or more, and concise in technology is conducive to the raising of production efficiency convenient for operation;In addition, this Invention realizes the full recycling of the valuable element of rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis slag.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment method provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase Mutually combination.The application is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
It can be seen from background technology that, it is existing processing rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis slag technique there are rare earths separated with fluorine hardly possible, have The problems such as efficiently utilizing is not implemented in valence element.It is described the present invention provides a kind of method of rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment Rare earth molten-salt electrolysis slag can be single or mixed rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis slag, specifically include following steps.
Step 1: it is in advance that electrolytic slag ball mill is levigate before rare earth molten-salt electrolysis slag magnetic separation, then through vibrating screen Screen out 30-100 μm of granularity of electrolytic slag.
Step 2: ore dressing processing is carried out with magnetic separator, obtains magnetic separation tailings and magnetic concentrate.Magnetic concentrate main component is Magnetic iron ore can be used as iron-smelting raw material.
Step 3: be 60% ~ 98% concentrated sulfuric acid according to liquid-solid ratio by magnetic separation tailings and concentration being that 1:1~5:1 is mixed, 100 1~5 h of reaction is carried out at~300 DEG C, the HF gas of generation is prepared into 10-70% HF solution by the recycling of water absorption plant, ripe Change after reaction, be separated by solid-liquid separation, obtain sulfuric acid rare earth slag and residual acid, residual acid return sulfuric acid curing step continues ripe Change reaction.
Step 4: by liquid-solid ratio being that 1:1~10:1 is mixed and leached by sulfuric acid rare earth slag and water, water soaking temperature is 20~ 100 DEG C, time 1-300min is separated by solid-liquid separation, and the infusion of sulfur-bearing acid rare earth and a small amount of impurity, remaining water can be obtained Phase analysis can return to ball milling process and be handled.
Step 5: it using the HF solution that step 3 obtains as fluorination precipitation agent, is added in the infusion that step 4 obtains Rare earth fluorination precipitation is carried out, infusion and HF liquor capacity ratio are 1:1~10:1, and fluorination precipitation temperature is 20~100 DEG C, are sunk The shallow lake time is 1-300 min, eventually passes through and obtains rare earth fluoride after being separated by solid-liquid separation, return rare earth molten-salt electrolysis system, after precipitating Liquid returns to water logging process after adding up except iron, and iron dross removing can be used for smelting iron.
Embodiment 1.
Using mixed rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis slag as raw material, ingredient is as follows.
Element Nd Pr Dy F Fe Mn Co Ba
Content 31.9 3.76 3.04 21.46 21.49 0.066 <0.010 <0.010
Element Li Si Ca Na Mg S Al C
Content 2.95 0.60 0.34 0.20 0.0077 0.10 <0.010 1.7
It is first that electrolytic slag sample grinding machine is levigate, the slag that granularity is 58-75 μm then is separated through Vibration Screen, takes 250 g It is placed in water and is sufficiently stirred according to liquid-solid ratio 20:1, then carry out magnetic separation using SLon-100 magnetic separator, setting magnetic separation condition is 400 A of electric current, 5.8 V of voltage, 2.3 Kw of power, 0.668 T of field strength, obtained magnetic tailing are filtered, are dried;By magnetic separation Tailing and 98% the concentrated sulfuric acid by liquid-solid ratio be 2:1 be placed in polytetrafluoroethylene beaker, be then placed in thermostat water bath, it is thermally conductive Oil is glycerol, is stirred during the reaction using electric stirring or magnetic particle, is 160 DEG C in curing temperature, slaking reaction is 3h, speed of agitator are 300 rmin-1Under conditions of, the transition rate that the removal efficiency of F reaches 95.28%, Nd reaches 95.31%, Pr Transition rate reach the transition rate of 95.87%, Dy and reach the transition rate of 95.01%, Li and reach 95.88%, connected behind experimental provision Aspiration pump absorbs the hydrogen fluoride gas generated by distilled water second level, and is dissolved in water;Sulfuric acid curing slag and water are pressed into liquid Gu being then placed in thermostat water bath than being that 4:1 mixing is placed in beaker, thermally conductive is water, and electric mixing is used during water logging It mixes, is room temperature (25 DEG C) in temperature, the time is 3 min, and mixing speed is 300 rmin-1Under conditions of, the leaching rate of Nd reaches Leaching rate to 95.35%, Pr reaches the leaching rate of 95.14%, Dy and reaches the leaching rate of 94.68%, Li and reach 95.64%, reaction Terminate after being separated by solid-liquid separation, infusion carries out subsequent fluorination precipitation experiment, and water logging slag returns to ball milling process after then drying;By sulfuric acid The hydrogen fluoride solution that the hydrogen fluoride solution dilution that curing step absorbs acquisition is configured to 40% concentration is tested for fluorination precipitation, will The hydrogen fluoride solution that 24mL infusion and 6mL concentration are 40% mixes, and electric stirring is used during fluorination precipitation, in temperature It is 60 DEG C, under conditions of the time is 30 min, the rate of deposition that the rate of deposition of Nd reaches 92.35%, Pr reaches the heavy of 87.24%, Dy The rate of deposition that shallow lake rate reaches 87.35, Li reaches 94.31%, and purity, and granularity and water content all reach industrial rare earth molten-salt electrolysis Standard, reaction terminates after being separated by solid-liquid separation, filtrate return water logging process, the resulting mixing fluorine of fluorination precipitation after accumulative removal of impurities Compound and lithium fluoride product can be directly used for mischmetal molten-salt electrolysis or prepare rare earth alloy, product testing result such as following table.
Embodiment 2.
Using single rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis slag as raw material, ingredient is as follows.
Element Nd F Fe C Ca Mn Co
Content 38.57 20.87 24.36 1.92 0.34 <0.010 <0.010
Element Li Si Mg Na S Al Ba
Content 3.73 1.20 <0.010 0.14 0.05 <0.010 <0.010
It is first that electrolytic slag sample grinding machine is levigate, the slag that granularity is 58-75 μm then is separated through Vibration Screen, takes 250 g It is placed in water and is sufficiently stirred according to liquid-solid ratio 20:1, then carry out magnetic separation using SLon-100 magnetic separator, setting magnetic separation condition is 400 A of electric current, 5.8 V of voltage, 2.3 Kw of power, 0.668 T of field strength, obtained magnetic tailing are filtered, are dried;By magnetic separation Tailing and 98% the concentrated sulfuric acid by liquid-solid ratio be 2:1 be placed in polytetrafluoroethylene beaker, be then placed in thermostat water bath, it is thermally conductive Oil is glycerol, is stirred during the reaction using electric stirring or magnetic particle, is 160 DEG C in curing temperature, slaking reaction is 3h, speed of agitator are 300 rmin-1Under conditions of, the transition rate that the removal efficiency of F reaches 96.37%, Nd reaches 96.21%, Li Transition rate reach 96.19%, connect aspiration pump behind experimental provision, make generate hydrogen fluoride gas inhaled by distilled water second level It receives, and is dissolved in water;Sulfuric acid curing slag is mixed with water by liquid-solid ratio for 4:1 and is placed in beaker, water bath with thermostatic control is then placed in In pot, thermally conductive is water, and electric stirring is used during water logging, is room temperature (25 DEG C) in temperature, the time is 3 min, stirring speed Degree is 300 rmin-1Under conditions of, the leaching rate that the leaching rate of Nd reaches 96.88%, Li reaches 96.92%, and reaction terminates warp After separation of solid and liquid, infusion carries out subsequent fluorination precipitation experiment, and water logging slag returns to ball milling process after then drying;Sulfuric acid is cured into work Sequence absorbs the hydrogen fluoride solution obtained and dilutes the hydrogen fluoride solution for being configured to 40% concentration for fluorination precipitation experiment, by 24mL water The hydrogen fluoride solution that immersion liquid and 6mL concentration are 40% mixes, and electric stirring is used during fluorination precipitation, is 60 in temperature DEG C, under conditions of the time is 30 min, the rate of deposition that the rate of deposition of Nd reaches 91.96%, Li reaches 92.67%, and purity, granularity And water content all reaches the standard of industrial rare earth molten-salt electrolysis, reaction terminates after being separated by solid-liquid separation, and filtrate is returned after accumulative removal of impurities Return water leaching experiment, the resulting neodymium fluoride of fluorination precipitation and lithium fluoride product can be directly used for neodymium fluoride molten-salt electrolysis and prepare neodymium gold Belong to, product testing result such as following table.
Embodiment 3.
Using the molten-salt electrolysis slag after ball milling in embodiment 1 as raw material, the slag that granularity is 30-50 μm is separated through Vibration Screen, It takes 250 g to be placed in water according to liquid-solid ratio 20:1 to be sufficiently stirred, then carries out magnetic separation using SLon-100 magnetic separator, magnetic separation is set Condition is 400 A of electric current, 5.8 V of voltage, 2.3 Kw of power, and 0.668 T of field strength, obtained magnetic tailing filtered, dried; The concentrated sulfuric acid of magnetic tailing and 60% is placed in polytetrafluoroethylene beaker by liquid-solid ratio for 5:1, thermostat water bath is then placed in In, conduction oil is glycerol, is stirred during the reaction using electric stirring or magnetic particle, is 140 DEG C in curing temperature, ripe Changing reaction is 5 h, and speed of agitator is 300 rmin-1Under conditions of, the transition rate that the removal efficiency of F reaches 94.11%, Nd reaches The transition rate that the transition rate that the transition rate of 94.72%, Pr reach 95.02%, Dy reaches 93.97%, Li reaches 95.29%, experiment dress Face connection aspiration pump is postponed, absorbs the hydrogen fluoride gas generated by distilled water second level, and be dissolved in water;Sulfuric acid is cured Slag is mixed for 2:1 by liquid-solid ratio with water and is placed in beaker, is then placed in thermostat water bath, and thermally conductive is water, during water logging It is 20 DEG C in temperature using electric stirring, the time is 30 min, and mixing speed is 300 rmin-1Under conditions of, the leaching of Nd The leaching rate that the leaching rate that the leaching rate that extracting rate reaches 94.36%, Pr reaches 93.87%, Dy reaches 93.74%, Li reaches 95.31%, reaction terminates after being separated by solid-liquid separation, and infusion carries out subsequent fluorination precipitation experiment, and water logging slag returns to ball milling after then drying Process;The hydrogen fluoride solution that the hydrogen fluoride solution dilution that sulfuric acid curing step absorbs acquisition is configured to 10% concentration is used to be fluorinated Precipitation experiments mix the hydrogen fluoride solution that 10mL infusion and 10mL concentration are 40%, using electronic during fluorination precipitation Stirring is 20 DEG C in temperature, and under conditions of the time is 300 min, the rate of deposition that the rate of deposition of Nd reaches 93.48%, Pr reaches The rate of deposition that the rate of deposition of 88.39%, Dy reach 89.07%, Li reaches 95.88%, and purity, granularity and water content all reach work The standard of industry rare earth molten-salt electrolysis, reaction terminate after being separated by solid-liquid separation, and filtrate returns to water logging process after accumulative removal of impurities, and fluorination is heavy It forms sediment resulting mixed fluoride object and lithium fluoride product can be directly used for mischmetal molten-salt electrolysis or prepare rare earth alloy.
Embodiment 4.
Using the molten-salt electrolysis slag after ball milling in embodiment 2 as raw material, the slag that granularity is 80-100 μm is separated through Vibration Screen, It takes 250 g to be placed in water according to liquid-solid ratio 20:1 to be sufficiently stirred, then carries out magnetic separation using SLon-100 magnetic separator, magnetic separation is set Condition is 400 A of electric current, 5.8 V of voltage, 2.3 Kw of power, and 0.668 T of field strength, obtained magnetic tailing filtered, dried; The concentrated sulfuric acid of magnetic tailing and 98% is placed in polytetrafluoroethylene beaker by liquid-solid ratio for 1:1, thermostat water bath is then placed in In, conduction oil is glycerol, it is stirred during the reaction using electric stirring or magnetic particle, is 250 DEG C in curing temperature, ripe Changing reaction is 1 h, and speed of agitator is 300 rmin-1Under conditions of, the transition rate that the removal efficiency of F reaches 92.83%, Nd reaches The transition rate of 91.98%, Li reach 92.89%, connect aspiration pump behind experimental provision, and the hydrogen fluoride gas generated is made to pass through distillation Water second level absorbs, and is dissolved in water;Sulfuric acid curing slag is mixed with water by liquid-solid ratio for 10:1 and is placed in beaker, is then placed in In thermostat water bath, thermally conductive is water, and electric stirring is used during water logging, is 70 DEG C in temperature, the time is 10 min, is stirred Mixing speed is 300 rmin-1Under conditions of, the leaching rate that the leaching rate of Nd reaches 94.28%, Li reaches 95.02%, reaction knot For beam after being separated by solid-liquid separation, infusion carries out subsequent fluorination precipitation experiment, and water logging slag returns to ball milling process after then drying;Sulfuric acid is ripe The hydrogen fluoride solution that the hydrogen fluoride solution dilution that chemical industry sequence absorbs acquisition is configured to 70% concentration is tested for fluorination precipitation, will The hydrogen fluoride solution that 50mL infusion and 5mL concentration are 70% mixes, and electric stirring is used during fluorination precipitation, in temperature It is 100 DEG C, under conditions of the time is 30 min, the rate of deposition that the rate of deposition of Nd reaches 93.54%, Li reaches 93.68%, and pure Degree, granularity and water content all reach the standard of industrial rare earth molten-salt electrolysis, and reaction terminates after being separated by solid-liquid separation, and filtrate is removed through accumulative Water logging experiment is returned to after miscellaneous, the resulting neodymium fluoride of fluorination precipitation and lithium fluoride product can be directly used for neodymium fluoride molten-salt electrolysis preparation Neodymium metal.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of method of rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: ball milling
Rare earth molten-salt electrolysis slag is milled to 30-100 μm;
Step 2: magnetic separation
Electrolytic slag carries out magnetic separation after the ball milling that step 1 is obtained, and obtains magnetic separation tailings and magnetic concentrate;
Step 3: sulfuric acid curing
The magnetic separation tailings that step 2 obtains is reacted with concentrated sulfuric acid Hybrid Heating, obtains curing slag, residual acid and HF gas, the HF HF solution is prepared in the absorption of gas water;
Step 4: water logging
The sulfuric acid curing slag water logging that step 3 obtains is gone out, after solid-liquor separation, obtains infusion and water logging slag;
Step 5: fluorination precipitation
The infusion that step 4 obtains is subjected to fluorination precipitation with the HF solution that step 3 obtains, after solid-liquor separation, obtains fluorine Liquid after changing rare earth and precipitating.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis slag is single or mixing Rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis slag.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 60 ~ 98wt.% in step 3.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the liquid-solid ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid and magnetic separation tailings For 1:1~5:1 L/Kg, sulfuric acid curing temperature is 100~300 DEG C, and the curing time is 1~5 h.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the HF solution concentration is 10- in step 3 70wt.%。
6. water soaking temperature is 20~100 DEG C the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, the time For 1-300min, liquid-solid ratio is 1:1~10:1 L/Kg.
7. fluorination precipitation temperature is 20~100 DEG C the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, Sedimentation time is 1-300 min, and infusion and HF liquor capacity ratio are 1:1~10:1.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic concentrate in step 2 is as iron-smelting raw material;It is described Residual acid in step 3 returns to sulfuric acid curing step;Water logging slag in step 4 can return to ball milling process;Fluorination in step 5 Rare earth returns to rare earth molten-salt electrolysis system, and liquid returns to water logging process after adding up except iron after precipitating, and obtained iron dross removing is used for Ironmaking.
CN201910011945.6A 2019-01-07 2019-01-07 A kind of method of rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolysis Slag treatment Pending CN109487089A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110357126A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-10-22 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 The recovery method of fluorine-containing molten-salt electrolysis slag
CN110846691A (en) * 2019-10-09 2020-02-28 江西理工大学 Method for recycling treatment of rare earth molten salt electrolysis waste gas of fluorination system
CN111893328A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-11-06 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Continuous production device for extracting rare earth sulfate from electrolytic molten salt slag
CN115466857A (en) * 2022-08-11 2022-12-13 甘肃稀土新材料股份有限公司 Method for extracting rare earth from waste of rare earth molten salt electrolysis method

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CN110846691B (en) * 2019-10-09 2021-09-28 江西理工大学 Method for recycling treatment of rare earth molten salt electrolysis waste gas of fluorination system
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Application publication date: 20190319