CN109486203A - 一种发泡硅橡胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种发泡硅橡胶及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109486203A
CN109486203A CN201811215651.7A CN201811215651A CN109486203A CN 109486203 A CN109486203 A CN 109486203A CN 201811215651 A CN201811215651 A CN 201811215651A CN 109486203 A CN109486203 A CN 109486203A
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尹祝明
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种发泡硅橡胶及其制备方法,属于硅橡胶材料技术领域,以含有不同量乙烯的乙烯基硅橡胶作为基胶,少量的乙烯的引入有利于提高硫化活性,增大有机过氧化物硫化剂的选用范围,同时具有改善硫化胶的耐热老化、机械强度及压缩永久变形性能,同时采用冷冻和两段硫化反应相结合的方法制备出发泡硅橡胶,两段硫化反应,有利于避免出现过硫现象,从而改善发泡硅橡胶制品的力学性能和压缩永久变形性能,结合冷冻工艺,提升制备产品发泡的均匀性和力学性能,制备的发泡硅橡胶的拉伸强度达到0.87Mpa。

Description

一种发泡硅橡胶及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于硅橡胶材料技术领域,具体涉及一种发泡硅橡胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
发泡硅胶又称硅胶泡沫,是硅橡胶经过发泡后制成的一种具有柔性、多孔且将硅胶的特性与泡沫材料的特性结合于一体的高分子弹性体。硅胶泡沫,既保持了有机硅无毒、耐高低温、绝缘、耐候性等优异特性,又兼具泡沫材料质轻、吸音、抗震等特点,作为阻尼、减振、隔音、隔热等高性能材料广泛应用于国防、航空航天、交通运输、电子工业、建筑以及家具等领域。
目前生产发泡硅橡胶的发泡工艺由于单个组分发泡剂和硫化剂的匹配度的差的缘故,导致,发泡速率太快,硅橡胶包不住气体,生成的孔腔太大破坏硅橡胶的机械性能,或者发泡速率太慢,没有起到发泡的作用,同时采用一段硫化工艺存在材料的稳定性差、密度及泡孔结构不易控制等问题。
发明内容
根据以上现有技术的不足,本发明所要解决的技术问题是提出一种乳清蛋白燕麦营养代餐棒,采用乳清蛋白、浓缩乳清蛋白、燕麦粉、土豆泥、全麦粉、调味剂和果酱为原料,并采用压模成型结合烘焙的方式制备而成,克服了现有技术的不足。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种发泡硅橡胶,该发泡硅橡胶包含如下重量份成分:基胶50-70份,补强剂25-35份,硫化剂1.25-1.75份,发泡剂0.3-1.55份,辅助发泡剂0.1-0.35份,助剂3.5-9.5份,喷雾炭黑0.3-0.8份,其中,基胶是由质量比为1:0.1-0.5的110-3型和GY-131型乙烯基硅橡胶构成,以含有不同量乙烯的乙烯基硅橡胶作为基胶,少量的乙烯的引入有利于提高硫化活性,增大有机过氧化物硫化剂的选用范围,同时具有改善硫化胶的耐热老化、机械强度及压缩永久变形性能。
优选的,该发泡硅橡胶包含如下重量份成分:基胶60份,补强剂30份,硫化剂1.55份,发泡剂1.25份,辅助发泡剂0.2份,助剂7.5份,喷雾炭黑0.5份,其中,基胶是由质量比为1:0.35的110-3型和GY-131型乙烯基硅橡胶构成。
优选的,所述补强剂为气相白炭黑、纳米石墨、碳纳米管或纳米Fe2O3中的至少两种,添加的补强剂,一方面增加发泡硅橡胶的基体强度,同时在发泡过程中也起到非均相成核剂的作用,减小泡孔的尺寸,提升泡孔的均匀性,增加泡沫材料的抗压强度。
优选的,所述硫化剂由质量比1:0.8-1.5DCP和BPO组成,两者组合使用可以使发泡体系拥有较好的硫化与发泡匹配性,同时克服体系反应的硫化滞后效应。
优选的,所述发泡剂为发泡剂H、发泡剂BL-353或发泡剂OB中的至少一种,所述辅助发泡剂为甘油含有羟基的化合物通过硅氢缩合反应,起到协助发泡作用,提高发泡的均匀性和泡沫结构的可控性,且在发应过程中无有害物质产生,绿色环保,且适合大规模工业生产。
优选的,所述助剂为低分子量羟基硅油或二苯基硅二醇。
一种制备发泡硅橡胶的方法,具体步骤如下:按配方称取各组分,先将基胶塑炼至完全包辊,按份量从多到少依次加入补强剂、助剂和喷雾炭黑,混炼均匀后下片,冷冻8-15h,二次混炼至完全软化后,加入硫化剂、发泡剂和辅助发泡剂进行一段硫化,二次冷冻15-25h,进行二段硫化,挤出成型,得发泡硅橡胶。
优选的,所述冷冻和二次冷冻的温度均为零下15-28℃,采用冷冻造成温度的突变,有利于硅橡胶胶体内部形成疏松结构,增加后续硫化速率和发泡效率,同时疏松结构更有利于发泡剂的受热分解,提升发泡剂和硫化剂的匹配度,结合后续的两段硫化工艺提升制备产品发泡的均匀性。
优选的,所述塑炼的温度为45-75℃,所述混炼和二次混炼的温度均为150-185℃。
优选的,所述一段硫化的温度120-135℃,时长20-35min,所述二段硫化温度165-185℃,时长8-15min,硫化反应过程是交联和断链贯穿的过程,第一段硫化是硫化剂引发硅橡胶分子链产生可交联的大分子自由基,可交联的自由基或粒子与硅橡胶分子链产生反应生成交联键的过程,此时发泡的作用较弱,继续进行硫化易出现过硫现象,造成断链多于交联,导致橡胶性能受损,随着发泡速率的增大,造成泡发的不均匀性,最终导致制备的发泡硅橡胶的机械性能降低,采用两段硫化反应,有利于避免出现过硫现象,从而改善发泡硅橡胶制品的力学性能和压缩永久变形性能。
与现有技术相比,本发明有益效果是:
1.本发明以含有不同量乙烯的乙烯基硅橡胶作为基胶,少量的乙烯的引入有利于提高硫化活性,增大有机过氧化物硫化剂的选用范围,同时具有改善硫化胶的耐热老化、机械强度及压缩永久变形性能。
2.本发明采用两段硫化工艺进行硫化反应,硫化反应过程是交联和断链贯穿的过程,一段硫化,硫化剂引发硅橡胶分子链产生可交联的大分子自由基,可交联的自由基或粒子与硅橡胶分子链产生反应生成交联键的过程,此时发泡的作用较弱,继续进行硫化易出现过硫现象,造成断链多于交联,导致橡胶性能受损,随着发泡速率的增大,造成泡发的不均匀性,最终导致制备的发泡硅橡胶的机械性能降低,采用两段硫化反应,有利于避免出现过硫现象,从而改善发泡硅橡胶制品的力学性能和压缩永久变形性能。
3.本发明采用冷冻造成温度的突变,有利于硅橡胶胶体内部形成疏松结构,增加后续硫化速率和发泡效率,同时疏松结构更有利于发泡剂的受热分解,提升发泡剂和硫化剂的匹配度,结合后续的两段硫化工艺提升制备产品发泡的均匀性。
具体实施方式
下面通过对实施例的描述,本发明通过具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明,以帮助本领域技术人员对本发明的发明构思、技术方案有更完整、准确和深入的理解。
实施例1
一种发泡硅橡胶,该发泡硅橡胶包含如下重量份成分:基胶60份,补强剂30份,硫化剂1.55份,发泡剂1.25份,辅助发泡剂0.2份,助剂7.5份,喷雾炭黑0.5份,其中,基胶是由质量比为1:0.35的110-3型和GY-131型乙烯基硅橡胶构成,以含有不同量乙烯的乙烯基硅橡胶作为基胶,少量的乙烯的引入有利于提高硫化活性,增大有机过氧化物硫化剂的选用范围,同时具有改善硫化胶的耐热老化、机械强度及压缩永久变形性能,其中,补强剂为气相白炭黑和碳纳米管且质量比为1:0.3的混合物,添加的补强剂,一方面增加发泡硅橡胶的基体强度,同时在发泡过程中也起到非均相成核剂的作用,减小泡孔的尺寸,提升泡孔的均匀性,增加泡沫材料的抗压强度,硫化剂由质量比1:1.2DCP和BPO组成,两者组合使用可以使发泡体系拥有较好的硫化与发泡匹配性,同时克服体系反应的硫化滞后效应,发泡剂为发泡剂H和发泡剂OB构成的,且质量比为1:0.5,,辅助发泡剂为甘油,含有羟基的化合物通过硅氢缩合反应,起到协助发泡作用,提高发泡的均匀性和泡沫结构的可控性,且在发应过程中无有害物质产生,绿色环保,且适合大规模工业生产,助剂为低分子量羟基硅油。
一种制备发泡硅橡胶的方法,具体步骤如下:按配方称取各组分,先将基胶在辊温为50℃下塑炼至完全包辊,按份量从多到少依次加入补强剂、助剂和喷雾炭黑,然后调整辊温至165℃混炼至各成分均匀后下片,将物料片置于零下20℃冷冻12h,然后将冷冻后的物料片在辊温175℃下快速二次混炼至完全软化后,采用冷冻造成温度的突变,有利于硅橡胶胶体内部形成疏松结构,增加后续硫化速率和发泡效率,同时疏松结构更有利于发泡剂的受热分解,提升发泡剂和硫化剂的匹配度,结合后续的两段硫化工艺提升制备产品发泡的均匀性,加入硫化剂、发泡剂和辅助发泡剂进行一段硫化,二次冷冻15-25h,进行二段硫化,挤出成型,得发泡硅橡胶,一段硫化的温度125℃,时长30min,二段硫化温度180℃,时长10min,硫化反应过程是交联和断链贯穿的过程,第一段硫化是硫化剂引发硅橡胶分子链产生可交联的大分子自由基,可交联的自由基或粒子与硅橡胶分子链产生反应生成交联键的过程,此时发泡的作用较弱,继续进行硫化易出现过硫现象,造成断链多于交联,导致橡胶性能受损,随着发泡速率的增大,造成泡发的不均匀性,最终导致制备的发泡硅橡胶的机械性能降低,采用两段硫化反应,有利于避免出现过硫现象,从而改善发泡硅橡胶制品的力学性能和压缩永久变形性能。
对制备的发泡硅橡胶进行力学性能测试,断裂伸长率381.34%,拉伸强度0.87MPa。泡孔均匀,孔径小于8.5μm,泡孔密度达到108cells/cm3
实施例2
本实施例同实施例1,不同的是,本实施例中一种发泡硅橡胶,该发泡硅橡胶包含如下重量份成分:基胶50份,补强剂25份,硫化剂1.25份,发泡剂0.3份,辅助发泡剂0.1份,助剂3.5份,喷雾炭黑0.3份,其中,基胶是由质量比为1:0.1的110-3型和GY-131型乙烯基硅橡胶构成,补强剂为碳纳米管和纳米Fe2O3构成,且质量比为1:1,硫化剂由质量比1:0.8DCP和BPO组成,发泡剂为发泡剂H和发泡剂BL-353构成,且质量比为1:0.5,冷冻温度为零下28℃,二次冷冻的温度为零下15℃,一段硫化的温度120℃,时长20min,二段硫化温度165℃,时长8min。
对制备的发泡硅橡胶进行力学性能测试,断裂伸长率370.74%,拉伸强度0.77MPa。泡孔均匀,孔径小于9μm,泡孔密度达到108cells/cm3
实施例3
本实施例同实施例1,不同的是,本实施例中一种发泡硅橡胶,该发泡硅橡胶包含如下重量份成分:基胶70份,补强剂35份,硫化剂1.75份,发泡剂1.55份,辅助发泡剂0.35份,助剂9.5份,喷雾炭黑0.8份,其中,基胶是由质量比为1:0.5的110-3型和GY-131型乙烯基硅橡胶构成,补强剂为碳纳米管和纳米石墨构成,且质量比为1:0.3,硫化剂由质量比1:1.5DCP和BPO组成,发泡剂为发泡剂BL-353和发泡剂OB构成,且质量比为1:0.5-0.8,助剂为二苯基硅二醇,冷冻温度为零下15℃,二次冷冻的温度为零下28℃,一段硫化的温度135℃,时长35min,二段硫化温度185℃,时长15min。
对制备的发泡硅橡胶进行力学性能测试,断裂伸长率375.14%,拉伸强度0.80MPa。泡孔均匀,孔径小于8.7μm,泡孔密度达到108cells/cm3
实施例4
本实施例同实施例1,不同的是本实施例中,塑炼的温度为45℃,混炼温为150℃,二次混炼的温度为185℃。
对制备的发泡硅橡胶进行力学性能测试,断裂伸长率365.04%,拉伸强度0.70MPa。泡孔均匀,孔径小于9μm,泡孔密度达到108cells/cm3
实施例5
本实施例同实施例1,不同的是本实施例中,塑炼的温度为75℃,混炼温为185℃,二次混炼的温度为165℃。
对制备的发泡硅橡胶进行力学性能测试,断裂伸长率375.04%,拉伸强度0.870MPa。泡孔均匀,孔径小于8.8μm,泡孔密度达到108cells/cm3
上面对本发明进行了示例性描述,显然本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制,只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进,或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的,均在本发明的保护范围之内。本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所限定的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种发泡硅橡胶,其特征在于,该发泡硅橡胶包含如下重量份成分:基胶50-70份,补强剂25-35份,硫化剂1.25-1.75份,发泡剂0.3-1.55份,辅助发泡剂0.1-0.35份,助剂3.5-9.5份,喷雾炭黑0.3-0.8份,其中,基胶是由质量比为1:0.1-0.5的110-3型和GY-131型乙烯基硅橡胶构成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发泡硅橡胶,其特征在于,该发泡硅橡胶包含如下重量份成分:基胶60份,补强剂30份,硫化剂1.55份,发泡剂1.25份,辅助发泡剂0.2份,助剂7.5份,喷雾炭黑0.5份,其中,基胶是由质量比为1:0.35的110-3型和GY-131型乙烯基硅橡胶构成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的发泡硅橡胶,其特征在于,所述补强剂为气相白炭黑、纳米石墨、碳纳米管或纳米Fe2O3中的至少两种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的发泡硅橡胶,其特征在于,所述硫化剂由质量比1:0.8-1.5DCP和BPO组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的发泡硅橡胶,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为发泡剂H、发泡剂BL-353或发泡剂OB中的至少一种,所述辅助发泡剂为甘油。
6.根据权利要求1所述的发泡硅橡胶,其特征在于,所述助剂为低分子量羟基硅油或二苯基硅二醇。
7.一种制备权利要求1-6任一所述的发泡硅橡胶的方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
按配方称取各组分,先将基胶塑炼至完全包辊,按份量从多到少依次加入补强剂、助剂和喷雾炭黑,混炼均匀后下片,冷冻8-15h,二次混炼至完全软化后,加入硫化剂、发泡剂和辅助发泡剂进行一段硫化,二次冷冻15-25h,进行二段硫化,挤出成型,得发泡硅橡胶。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述冷冻和二次冷冻的温度均为零下15-28℃。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述塑炼的温度为45-75℃,所述混炼和二次混炼的温度均为150-185℃。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述一段硫化的温度120-135℃,时长20-35min,所述二段硫化温度165-185℃,时长8-15min。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111171321A (zh) * 2020-02-24 2020-05-19 华南理工大学 一种长链烷基硅油型硅膏及其制备方法与应用

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111171321A (zh) * 2020-02-24 2020-05-19 华南理工大学 一种长链烷基硅油型硅膏及其制备方法与应用

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