CN109479655A - 一种大葱育种方法 - Google Patents

一种大葱育种方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN109479655A
CN109479655A CN201811381414.8A CN201811381414A CN109479655A CN 109479655 A CN109479655 A CN 109479655A CN 201811381414 A CN201811381414 A CN 201811381414A CN 109479655 A CN109479655 A CN 109479655A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
shallot
high yield
generation
fertility
character
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811381414.8A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
袁瑞江
王丽乔
安进军
杨瑾
薛少红
袁林
张丽玲
齐春霞
苏振济
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Original Assignee
Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences filed Critical Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Priority to CN201811381414.8A priority Critical patent/CN109479655A/zh
Publication of CN109479655A publication Critical patent/CN109479655A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/35—Bulbs; Alliums, e.g. onions or leeks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/02—Sulfur; Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种大葱育种方法，具体步骤如下：步骤一，选择父本和母本；步骤二，将父本和母本进行辐照处理，然后种植并且人工授粉，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱一代；步骤三，将大葱一代的种子播，让其天然相互授粉，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱二代；步骤四，将大葱二代的种子人工授粉，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱三代；步骤五，将大葱三代的种子播种，秋季收获时选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，即得到选育出的高产大葱品种。本发明选择特定品种的大葱，采用人工授粉、自然授粉、辐照处理、γ射线处理等方式对大葱进行多代自交和选择，得到高产量的大葱品种。

Description

一种大葱育种方法
技术领域
本发明涉及大葱育种领域，具体是一种大葱育种方法。
背景技术
大葱，是石蒜科葱属二年生草本植物，中国葱属蔬菜有一百多种，主要分布在西北、东北以及华北等地区，是原产我国的二年生或多年生的草本蔬菜作物，在我国有2800多年的栽培历史，经过长时间的混合选择或者母系选择，育成了适合本地生态环境、栽培条件和消费者需求的优良地方品种或农家品种。葱属蔬菜在中国蔬菜生产中占有极其重要的地位，其栽培面积占蔬菜总播种面积的10％，产量占总产量的7％。
大葱具有壮阳补阴、解毒调味、发汗抑菌、舒张血管等作用，在人们烹饪的过程中成为不可或缺的调味料，大葱的市场需求量很大，许多人就以大葱种植作为主要经济来源。
现有的大葱品种可以进行种植，但是大葱产量达不到人们的预期，这就降低了大葱种植者的经济效益。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种大葱育种方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种大葱育种方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，选择不同高产的大葱品种分别作为父本和母本；
步骤二，将父本和母本进行辐照处理，然后种植在排水良好、通风、土地肥沃的土壤中，正常管理，待父本和母本产生花粉时，在母本花的雌蕊上涂抹第一生长液，再将父本的花粉人工授粉至母本花的雌蕊，正常管理，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱一代；
步骤三，将大葱一代的种子先放入微波炉中处理80-120秒，再投入第一浸种剂中浸泡6-9小时，然后清水洗净并且阳光下晒18-24小时，播种并且正常管理，让其天然相互授粉，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱二代；
步骤四，将大葱二代的种子先放入γ射线中处理1-2天，再投入第二浸种剂中浸泡6-9小时，然后清水洗净并且阳光下晒18-24小时，播种并且正常管理，待父本和母本产生花粉时，在母本花的雌蕊上涂抹第二生长液，再将父本的花粉人工授粉至母本花的雌蕊，正常管理，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱三代；
步骤五，将大葱三代的种子大量播种和栽培，秋季收获时选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，即得到选育出的高产大葱品种。
作为本发明进一步的方案：步骤二中辐照剂量为55-85Gy，辐照时间为3-6分钟。
作为本发明进一步的方案：步骤二中第一生长液包括淘米水、蒌蒿提取物、亚硒酸钠、氨基酸、葡萄糖和维生素，淘米水、蒌蒿提取物、亚硒酸钠、氨基酸、葡萄糖和维生素的重量之比为42-47:2.8-3.6:1.8-2.4:8-12：4.3-5.7:0.45-0.72。
作为本发明进一步的方案：步骤三中微波炉处理的功率为70-96W，第一浸种剂包括吲哚乙酸、赤霉素、黑米酶解液和大豆肽，吲哚乙酸、赤霉素、黑米酶解液和大豆肽的重量之比为0.12-0.19:0.24-0.35:2.3-2.75:1。
作为本发明进一步的方案：步骤四中γ射线的强度为0.45-0.78伦/天。
作为本发明进一步的方案：步骤四中第二浸种剂包括壳寡糖、赤霉素、芸苔素、金银花提取液、生根粉和水，壳寡糖、赤霉素、芸苔素、金银花提取液、生根粉和水的重量之比为46-78:1.4-2.9：2.7-3.1:19-23:2.6-3.2:9650-10520。
作为本发明进一步的方案：步骤四中第二生长液包括硫酸镁、硝酸钠、桑黄提取液、菌菇发酵液和黄腐酸钾，硫酸镁、硝酸钠、桑黄提取液、菌菇发酵液和黄腐酸钾的重量之比为1.8-2.5:0.35-0.52:4.2-5.3:39.5-42.7:1.15-1.36。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明选择特定品种的大葱，采用人工授粉、自然授粉、辐照处理、γ射线处理等方式对大葱进行多代自交和选择，得到高产量的大葱品种。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
实施例1
一种大葱育种方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，选择不同高产的大葱品种分别作为父本和母本；
步骤二，将父本和母本进行辐照处理，辐照剂量为68Gy，辐照时间为3分钟，然后种植在排水良好、通风、土地肥沃的土壤中，正常管理，待父本和母本产生花粉时，在母本花的雌蕊上涂抹第一生长液，再将父本的花粉人工授粉至母本花的雌蕊，正常管理，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱一代；
步骤三，将大葱一代的种子先放入85W的微波炉中处理90秒，再投入第一浸种剂中浸泡7.5小时，第一浸种剂包括吲哚乙酸、赤霉素、黑米酶解液和大豆肽，吲哚乙酸、赤霉素、黑米酶解液和大豆肽的重量之比为0.12:0.25:2.48:1，然后清水洗净并且阳光下晒21小时，播种并且正常管理，让其天然相互授粉，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱二代；
步骤四，将大葱二代的种子先放入γ射线中处理1天，再投入第二浸种剂中浸泡8小时，然后清水洗净并且阳光下晒20小时，播种并且正常管理，待父本和母本产生花粉时，在母本花的雌蕊上涂抹第二生长液，再将父本的花粉人工授粉至母本花的雌蕊，正常管理，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱三代；
步骤五，将大葱三代的种子大量播种和栽培，秋季收获时选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，即得到选育出的高产大葱品种。
实施例2
一种大葱育种方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，选择不同高产的大葱品种分别作为父本和母本；
步骤二，将父本和母本进行辐照处理，辐照剂量为72Gy，辐照时间为5分钟，然后种植在排水良好、通风、土地肥沃的土壤中，正常管理，待父本和母本产生花粉时，在母本花的雌蕊上涂抹第一生长液，第一生长液包括淘米水、蒌蒿提取物、亚硒酸钠、氨基酸、葡萄糖和维生素，淘米水、蒌蒿提取物、亚硒酸钠、氨基酸、葡萄糖和维生素的重量之比为42:2.9:1.8:9.5：4.6:0.54，再将父本的花粉人工授粉至母本花的雌蕊，正常管理，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱一代；
步骤三，将大葱一代的种子先放入90W的微波炉中处理105秒，再投入第一浸种剂中浸泡7.5小时，第一浸种剂包括吲哚乙酸、赤霉素、黑米酶解液和大豆肽，吲哚乙酸、赤霉素、黑米酶解液和大豆肽的重量之比为0.15:0.28:2.54:1，然后清水洗净并且阳光下晒20小时，播种并且正常管理，让其天然相互授粉，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱二代；
步骤四，将大葱二代的种子先放入0.66伦/天的γ射线中处理1.5天，再投入第二浸种剂中浸泡8.5小时，第二浸种剂包括壳寡糖、赤霉素、芸苔素、金银花提取液、生根粉和水，壳寡糖、赤霉素、芸苔素、金银花提取液、生根粉和水的重量之比为65:1.7：2.9:21.4:2.7:9820，然后清水洗净并且阳光下晒24小时，播种并且正常管理，待父本和母本产生花粉时，在母本花的雌蕊上涂抹第二生长液，第二生长液包括硫酸镁、硝酸钠、桑黄提取液、菌菇发酵液和黄腐酸钾，硫酸镁、硝酸钠、桑黄提取液、菌菇发酵液和黄腐酸钾的重量之比为2.2:0.46:4.7:40.5:1.24，再将父本的花粉人工授粉至母本花的雌蕊，正常管理，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱三代；
步骤五，将大葱三代的种子大量播种和栽培，秋季收获时选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，即得到选育出的高产大葱品种。
实施例3
一种大葱育种方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，选择不同高产的大葱品种分别作为父本和母本；
步骤二，将父本和母本进行辐照处理，然后种植在排水良好、通风、土地肥沃的土壤中，正常管理，待父本和母本产生花粉时，在母本花的雌蕊上涂抹第一生长液，第一生长液包括淘米水、蒌蒿提取物、亚硒酸钠、氨基酸、葡萄糖和维生素，淘米水、蒌蒿提取物、亚硒酸钠、氨基酸、葡萄糖和维生素的重量之比为47:3.4:2.3:10.7：5.5:0.64，再将父本的花粉人工授粉至母本花的雌蕊，正常管理，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱一代；
步骤三，将大葱一代的种子先放入微波炉中处理110秒，再投入第一浸种剂中浸泡6小时，然后清水洗净并且阳光下晒18小时，播种并且正常管理，让其天然相互授粉，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱二代；
步骤四，将大葱二代的种子先放入0.64伦/天的γ射线中处理2天，再投入第二浸种剂中浸泡8小时，第二浸种剂包括壳寡糖、赤霉素、芸苔素、金银花提取液、生根粉和水，壳寡糖、赤霉素、芸苔素、金银花提取液、生根粉和水的重量之比为78:2.9：3.1:23:3.2:10520，然后清水洗净并且阳光下晒19小时，播种并且正常管理，待父本和母本产生花粉时，在母本花的雌蕊上涂抹第二生长液，再将父本的花粉人工授粉至母本花的雌蕊，正常管理，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱三代；
步骤五，将大葱三代的种子大量播种和栽培，秋季收获时选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，即得到选育出的高产大葱品种。
对比例
采用现有大葱品种作为对比例。
选择土壤状况相同的土地并且平均分成4块，第1-3块土地分别种植实施例1-3的大葱，第4块土地种植对比例的大葱，进行相同的田间管理，收获时记录大葱的亩产量，结果见表1。
表1
亩产量
1块 10734kg
2块 11248kg
3块 10973kg
4块 8745kg
从表1中可以看出，第1-3块大葱的亩产量远远高于第4块大葱的亩产量，表明本发明的方法可以得到高产的大葱品种。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (7)

1.一种大葱育种方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，选择不同高产的大葱品种分别作为父本和母本；
步骤二，将父本和母本进行辐照处理，然后种植在排水良好、通风、土地肥沃的土壤中，正常管理，待父本和母本产生花粉时，在母本花的雌蕊上涂抹第一生长液，再将父本的花粉人工授粉至母本花的雌蕊，正常管理，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱一代；
步骤三，将大葱一代的种子先放入微波炉中处理80-120秒，再投入第一浸种剂中浸泡6-9小时，然后清水洗净并且阳光下晒18-24小时，播种并且正常管理，让其天然相互授粉，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱二代；
步骤四，将大葱二代的种子先放入γ射线中处理1-2天，再投入第二浸种剂中浸泡6-9小时，然后清水洗净并且阳光下晒18-24小时，播种并且正常管理，待父本和母本产生花粉时，在母本花的雌蕊上涂抹第二生长液，再将父本的花粉人工授粉至母本花的雌蕊，正常管理，选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，得到大葱三代；
步骤五，将大葱三代的种子大量播种和栽培，秋季收获时选择高产且性状优良的育性正常单株，即得到选育出的高产大葱品种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的大葱育种方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二中辐照剂量为55-85Gy，辐照时间为3-6分钟。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的大葱育种方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二中第一生长液包括淘米水、蒌蒿提取物、亚硒酸钠、氨基酸、葡萄糖和维生素，淘米水、蒌蒿提取物、亚硒酸钠、氨基酸、葡萄糖和维生素的重量之比为42-47:2.8-3.6:1.8-2.4:8-12：4.3-5.7:0.45-0.72。
4.根据权利要求1所述的大葱育种方法，其特征在于，所述步骤三中微波炉处理的功率为70-96W，第一浸种剂包括吲哚乙酸、赤霉素、黑米酶解液和大豆肽，吲哚乙酸、赤霉素、黑米酶解液和大豆肽的重量之比为0.12-0.19:0.24-0.35:2.3-2.75:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的大葱育种方法，其特征在于，所述步骤四中γ射线的强度为0.45-0.78伦/天。
6.根据权利要求1所述的大葱育种方法，其特征在于，所述步骤四中第二浸种剂包括壳寡糖、赤霉素、芸苔素、金银花提取液、生根粉和水，壳寡糖、赤霉素、芸苔素、金银花提取液、生根粉和水的重量之比为46-78:1.4-2.9：2.7-3.1:19-23:2.6-3.2:9650-10520。
7.根据权利要求1或5所述的大葱育种方法，其特征在于，所述步骤四中第二生长液包括硫酸镁、硝酸钠、桑黄提取液、菌菇发酵液和黄腐酸钾，硫酸镁、硝酸钠、桑黄提取液、菌菇发酵液和黄腐酸钾的重量之比为1.8-2.5:0.35-0.52:4.2-5.3:39.5-42.7:1.15-1.36。
CN201811381414.8A 2018-11-20 2018-11-20 一种大葱育种方法 Pending CN109479655A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811381414.8A CN109479655A (zh) 2018-11-20 2018-11-20 一种大葱育种方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811381414.8A CN109479655A (zh) 2018-11-20 2018-11-20 一种大葱育种方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN109479655A true CN109479655A (zh) 2019-03-19

Family

ID=65696341

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201811381414.8A Pending CN109479655A (zh) 2018-11-20 2018-11-20 一种大葱育种方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN109479655A (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110115217A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2019-08-13 山东沃华农业科技股份有限公司 一种大葱摆放种植方法
CN112273128A (zh) * 2020-11-03 2021-01-29 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 一种提高木薯产量和质量的种植方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1426676A (zh) * 2001-12-20 2003-07-02 江西省创元生物科技有限责任公司 以空间诱变为主体的棉花综合改良育种方法
CN104012305A (zh) * 2014-06-18 2014-09-03 永州市力群木业有限公司 改良品质提高挂果率的槐树育种及嫁接方法
CN106376453A (zh) * 2016-08-26 2017-02-08 平顶山市园艺科学研究所 一种高产优质大葱的培育方法
CN107182777A (zh) * 2017-07-10 2017-09-22 吉林省农业科学院 一种选育高粱不育系的方法
CN107960320A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-27 辽宁省农业科学院 一种高产杂交大葱的高效育种方法
CN108633668A (zh) * 2018-04-09 2018-10-12 开鲁县津鲁农业科学技术研究所 一种洋葱高产栽培方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1426676A (zh) * 2001-12-20 2003-07-02 江西省创元生物科技有限责任公司 以空间诱变为主体的棉花综合改良育种方法
CN104012305A (zh) * 2014-06-18 2014-09-03 永州市力群木业有限公司 改良品质提高挂果率的槐树育种及嫁接方法
CN106376453A (zh) * 2016-08-26 2017-02-08 平顶山市园艺科学研究所 一种高产优质大葱的培育方法
CN107182777A (zh) * 2017-07-10 2017-09-22 吉林省农业科学院 一种选育高粱不育系的方法
CN107960320A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-27 辽宁省农业科学院 一种高产杂交大葱的高效育种方法
CN108633668A (zh) * 2018-04-09 2018-10-12 开鲁县津鲁农业科学技术研究所 一种洋葱高产栽培方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
李姝汶等: "12C6+高能重离子辐照大葱损伤及其分子生物学效应", 《原子核物理评论》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110115217A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2019-08-13 山东沃华农业科技股份有限公司 一种大葱摆放种植方法
CN112273128A (zh) * 2020-11-03 2021-01-29 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 一种提高木薯产量和质量的种植方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104094749B (zh) 绿色食品芹菜栽培方法
CN102613056B (zh) 一种铁皮石斛的原生态栽培方法
CN103262748B (zh) 山地红壤林下药用绞股蓝的gap栽培方法
CN104365431B (zh) 一种山坡早熟翠冠梨快速高产栽培方法
CN103947491B (zh) 一种有机红米种植方法
CN103947425B (zh) 一种白及的培育种植方法
CN101816282A (zh) 一种杂交紫圆茄制种方法
CN104126400A (zh) 花生的种植方法
CN102428821A (zh) 硒锌何首乌栽培技术
CN105532471A (zh) 一种多花黄精高产优质的规模化栽培新方法
CN105052452A (zh) 桂花银杏绿茶套种方法
CN103999750A (zh) 一种阴地蕨孢子的繁殖方法
CN104885729A (zh) 一种富硒泰山四叶参种植方法及专用富硒肥
CN102498833A (zh) 一种适用于大棚内红薯高产的栽培方法
CN105123178A (zh) 林下三七的种植方法
CN109479655A (zh) 一种大葱育种方法
CN109349048A (zh) 一种多花黄精的无公害还野规范化种植方法
CN105009875A (zh) 中药材金银花行间套种玫瑰花的栽培方法
CN110036851B (zh) 一种半夏水旱分段式种子繁育方法
CN106613172B (zh) 一种广东从化天湖道地金线莲原生态种植方法
CN107333538A (zh) 一种紫苏有机种植方法
CN107173215A (zh) 一种紫苏新品种的培育方法
CN106386504A (zh) 一种食用土当归种苗的组织培养方法
CN106034645A (zh) 一种桃树与西瓜套种的方法
CN103190336A (zh) 一种甘蓝转育苤蓝雄性不育系及选育杂交种的方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20190319

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication