CN109474296B - Four-channel phased array transceiver applied to 5G millimeter wave base station - Google Patents
Four-channel phased array transceiver applied to 5G millimeter wave base station Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109474296B CN109474296B CN201811614591.6A CN201811614591A CN109474296B CN 109474296 B CN109474296 B CN 109474296B CN 201811614591 A CN201811614591 A CN 201811614591A CN 109474296 B CN109474296 B CN 109474296B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- capacitor array
- matching network
- control
- capacitor
- channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
- H04B1/0458—Arrangements for matching and coupling between power amplifier and antenna or between amplifying stages
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
- H04B1/18—Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and particularly relates to a four-channel phased array transceiver with phase control, which is applied to a 5G millimeter wave base station. The four-channel phased array transceiver integrates a four-channel transmitter and a four-channel receiver on a single chip, and mainly comprises a transmitting antenna, a power amplifier with phase control, a mixer in a transmitting path, a receiving antenna, a low noise amplifier with phase control and a mixer in a receiving path. The interstage matching network of the low noise amplifier and the power amplifier is utilized to realize phase shift, so that the high area overhead and insertion loss of the traditional passive phase shifter are avoided; meanwhile, the phased array transceiver integrates a four-channel transmitter and a four-channel receiver on a single chip, so that the area of the whole transceiver chip is greatly reduced. Therefore, compared with the traditional transceiver architecture, the four-channel phased array transceiver has the advantages of small area and high link gain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and particularly relates to a four-channel phased array transceiver with phase control, which is applied to a 5G millimeter wave base station.
Background
Since the 20 th century and the 80 th era wireless cellular mobile phones became available, the 4G era had entered through more than 30 years of development. The fourth generation wireless mobile communication technology is mature at present, and can meet the requirements of mobile communication and multimedia information access under most conditions. However, with the development of technology, the fourth generation wireless mobile communication technology has failed to meet the increasingly vigorous information demand of people.
According to the data of the national Ministry of industry and communications: for 2020 and the future, mobile data traffic will have explosive growth. It is expected that global mobile data traffic will increase more than 200 times in 2010 to 2020 and nearly 2 ten thousand times in 2010 to 2030; the mobile data traffic speed of China is higher than the average level of the whole world, and is expected to increase by more than 300 times from 2010 to 2020 and by more than 4 ten thousand times from 2010 to 2030. The mobile data traffic of developed cities and hot spot areas is accelerated more rapidly, the growth rate of Shanghai in 2010 to 2020 can reach 600 times, and the growth rate of Beijing hot spot areas can reach 1000 times.
According to Shannon's theorem, the most fundamental way to increase speed is to increase bandwidth, especially hundreds to thousands of times of speed increase must rely on greater bandwidth. Although the frequency utilization rate can be improved, the potential is limited, the speed is very difficult to increase under the condition of large coverage of the traditional macro base station, and the improvement of the frequency spectrum utilization rate by 20 percent is difficult to achieve. In the presence of the thousand-time speed increase requirement in the 5G era, the internal diving method is not feasible and is possible only by greatly increasing the bandwidth; however, a large increase in bandwidth necessitates the use of higher frequency bands. In consideration of the fact that radio spectrum resources are very tight at present and the frequency suitable for a wireless mobile network is basically divided, more wireless communication frequency bands need to be searched, namely, the major bottleneck problem that the microwave frequency band is scarce and restricts the speed of a communication system is solved, and the development of the millimeter wave communication technology provides an effective way for making up and solving the problem of the scarce microwave frequency band.
Compared with the traditional microwave communication, the method has the following outstanding advantages:
1. the antenna has small size, and the beam width of the area antenna is proportional to the working wavelength of the antenna and inversely proportional to the aperture of the antenna. When the aperture of the antenna is constant, the shorter the wavelength, the narrower the beam. Therefore, the small antenna can obtain higher spatial resolution and has high gain;
2. the available frequency band is wide, the information capacity is large, any one millimeter wave window, the available broadband is equal to or larger than the sum of the radio frequency spectrums which are used at present, the millimeter wave information capacity is about 10 times larger than that of microwaves, the millimeter wave information transmission device can be used for multiplex communication and television image transmission, and the transmission rate is high. And the security and the anti-interference performance are good.
Meanwhile, technologies such as micro base stations based on millimeter wave communication and the like are widely applied to 5G communication systems. By miniaturizing the base station and narrowing the service range, maximization of resource quantity and transmission speed which can be obtained by a single user is realized. In addition, the miniaturization of the base station increases the setting density of the base station, avoids the mutual interference of frequency spectrums between the base stations, reduces the radiation power of the base station, and lightens the near-far effect of the mobile phone, so that the radiation power of the mobile phone is also reduced, and the standby time is increased under the condition of the same energy. The micro base station can be arranged on a traditional iron tower and a roof, and can also be arranged on a light pole, an advertising light box, a ceiling inside a building and the like. The rich application scenes can stimulate the vigorous development of the communication equipment industry and the related chip and plate industry. In view of the above, the millimeter wave technology meets the needs of the new generation of wireless communications. In the millimeter wave communication system, the micro base station is used in various scenes as an important component of the communication system. Therefore, the millimeter wave base station is especially important in 5G communication, and the receiver and the transmitter are two most important parts in the communication base station.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a four-channel phased array transceiver with phase control for a 5G millimeter wave base station.
The invention provides a four-channel phased array transceiver with phase control, which is applied to a 5G millimeter wave base station, and comprises a monolithic integrated four-channel transmitter and a four-channel receiver, and specifically comprises a transmitting antenna, a power amplifier with phase control, a mixer in a transmitting path, a receiving antenna, a low noise amplifier with phase control and a mixer in a receiving path.
Wherein, a single channel of the four-channel transmitter comprises a transmitting antenna, a power amplifier with phase control and a mixer in a transmitting path; the modulated intermediate frequency signal and LO signal are mixed by mixer, so that the intermediate frequency signal is carried to high frequency band suitable for radio frequency transmission, the output signal of mixer is amplified in amplitude and modulated in phase by power amplifier with phase control, and finally transmitted by transmitting antenna; the single channel of the four-channel receiver comprises a receiving antenna, a low noise amplifier with phase control and a mixer in a receiving path; the radio frequency signal received by the receiving antenna is subjected to amplitude amplification and phase modulation by a low noise amplifier with phase control, and is mixed with an LO signal by a mixer to obtain a required intermediate frequency signal.
Preferably, the four-channel transmitter, wherein a mixer in the transmission path is configured to mix the local oscillation signal with an intermediate frequency signal containing modulation information to obtain a radio frequency signal more suitable for communication transmission; the radio frequency signal output by the mixer in the transmitting path passes through the power amplifier with phase control to carry out amplitude amplification and phase modulation on the radio frequency signal; the output signal of the power amplifier with phase control radiates the core into space through the transmitting antenna.
Preferably, the four-channel receiver, wherein the receiving antenna is configured to receive a radio frequency signal to be received in space; the receiving signal of the receiving antenna is input to the low noise amplifier with phase control, and is used for carrying out amplitude amplification and phase modulation on the signal received by the receiving antenna and inhibiting the noise of the signal; the output signal of the low noise amplifier with phase control is mixed with a local oscillation signal through a mixer in the receiving path to obtain a required intermediate frequency signal.
Preferably, the low noise amplifier with phase control and the receiving antenna are matched in impedance through an antenna matching network of the receiving antenna, and the matching network is realized by a transformer.
Preferably, the low noise amplifier with phase control has four stages in total, the phase control is realized by a broadband matching network between stages of the low noise amplifier with phase control, the broadband matching network is realized by a transformer with adjustable inductance of a primary coil and a secondary coil, the inductance of the transformer is adjusted by a variable capacitor and a transistor, and the transformer simultaneously realizes the functions of interstage impedance matching, direct current bias and phase tuning.
Preferably, the power amplifier with phase control and the transmitting antenna are impedance matched through an antenna matching network of the transmitting antenna, and the matching network is realized by a transformer.
Preferably, the power amplifier with phase control has four stages in total, the phase control is realized by a broadband matching network between stages of the power amplifier with phase control, the broadband matching network is realized by a transformer with adjustable inductance of a primary coil and a secondary coil, the inductance of the transformer is adjusted by a variable capacitor and a transistor, and the transformer simultaneously realizes the functions of interstage impedance matching, direct current bias and phase tuning.
Preferably, the antenna matching network of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna comprises a first capacitor array, a second capacitor array, an NMOS transistor, two control NMOS transistors and a transformer.
Preferably, in the antenna matching network of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, a second capacitor array matched with the first capacitor array may be obtained according to a ratio of parasitic parameters to turns of a primary coil and a secondary coil of the transformer, capacitance values of branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array may be different according to design requirements, and corresponding branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array are controlled by the same control signal bit or may be controlled by different control signals.
Preferably, the antenna matching network of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna may be an on-chip integrated circuit, and the switches and the capacitors in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array may be implemented by transistors, respectively. Meanwhile, in order to reduce process errors and make the capacitance value more accurate, the capacitor in each branch can include two equal capacitors which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the switch in the branch.
Preferably, the broadband matching network between the phase-controlled power amplifier and the low noise amplifier comprises a first capacitor array, a second capacitor array, a differential NMOS transistor, two control NMOS transistors and a transformer.
Preferably, in the wideband matching network between the phase-controlled power amplifier and the low-noise amplifier, a second capacitor array matched with the first capacitor array may be obtained according to a ratio of parasitic parameters to turns of a primary coil and a secondary coil of the transformer, capacitance values of branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array may be different according to design requirements, and corresponding branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array are controlled by the same control signal bit or different control signals.
Preferably, the wideband matching network between the phase-controlled power amplifier and the low noise amplifier may be an on-chip integrated circuit, and the switches and the capacitors in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array may be implemented by transistors, respectively. Meanwhile, in order to reduce process errors and make the capacitance value more accurate, the capacitor in each branch can include two equal capacitors which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the switch in the branch.
According to the four-channel phased array transceiver with phase control applied to the 5G millimeter wave base station in the embodiment, the phase shift is realized by utilizing the interstage matching network of the low noise amplifier and the power amplifier, so that the high area overhead and insertion loss of the traditional passive phase shifter are avoided; meanwhile, the phased array transceiver integrates a four-channel transmitter and a four-channel receiver on a single chip, so that the area of the whole transceiver chip is greatly reduced. Therefore, compared with the traditional transceiver architecture, the four-channel phased array transceiver has the advantages of small area and high link gain.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a four-channel phased array transceiver with phase control for use in a 5G millimeter wave base station.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a four-channel receiver.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a four-channel transmitter.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna matching network.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a broadband matching network.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like elements in the various figures are denoted by like reference numerals. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Moreover, certain well-known elements may not be shown in the figures.
In the following description, numerous specific details of the invention, such as structure, materials, dimensions, processing techniques and techniques of the devices are described in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a four-channel phased array transceiver with phase control for application to a 5G millimeter wave base station.
As shown in fig. 1, the four-channel phased array transceiver 001 monolithically integrates four transmit channels and four receive channels, and mainly includes a transmit antenna, a power amplifier with phase control, a mixer in the transmit path, a receive antenna, a low noise amplifier with phase control, and a mixer in the receive path.
The single channel of the four-channel transmitter comprises a transmitting antenna, a power amplifier with phase control and a mixer in a transmitting path, modulated intermediate frequency signals and LO signals are mixed through the mixer so as to convey the intermediate frequency signals to a high frequency band suitable for radio frequency transmission, output signals of the mixer are subjected to amplitude amplification and phase modulation through the power amplifier with phase control, and finally the signals are transmitted through the transmitting antenna. A single channel of the four-channel receiver comprises a receiving antenna, a low noise amplifier with phase control and a mixer in a receiving path, wherein a radio frequency signal received by the receiving antenna is subjected to amplitude amplification and phase modulation through the low noise amplifier with phase control, and is mixed with an LO signal through the mixer so as to obtain a required intermediate frequency signal.
Fig. 2 shows a single receive channel schematic in a four channel receiver.
As shown in fig. 2, a single receive channel 100 in a four-channel receiver includes a receive antenna, an antenna matching network 101, a wideband matching network 102, and mixers in two receive paths. The signal received by the receiving antenna is input into an input matching network 101 in a low noise amplifier with phase control, the input matching network 101 is realized by a transformer, the input matching network simultaneously completes the functions of impedance matching/single-end-differential conversion and direct current offset, the output signal of the antenna is input into one end of a primary coil of the transformer 101, and the other end of the primary coil is grounded to form a balun of a transformer structure; two output ends of the secondary coil are connected with the grid of the differential NMOS transistor, and because the secondary coil is provided with a differential signal, the central tap of the secondary coil is a virtual ground, and the grid bias voltage of the differential NMOS transistor is added at the virtual ground; by reasonably selecting the size and the coupling coefficient of the transformer, the impedance matching between the receiving antenna and the grid of the differential NMOS transistor can be realized. The drain output terminal of the differential NMOS transistor is connected to the gate of the next stage differential NMOS transistor through the wideband matching network 102. The broadband matching network 102 is a transformer with adjustable primary and secondary coil inductances, the inductance of the transformer is adjusted by four variable capacitors, and the effects of impedance matching, direct current bias and phase tuning are simultaneously realized, two ends of a primary stage of the transformer are connected with drains of differential NMOS transistors, a central tap of the primary stage is a virtual point, and the drains of the differential NMOS transistors are provided with direct current bias; the secondary coil is connected with the grid of the next stage of differential NMOS transistor, and the center tap of the secondary coil is a virtual ground point, so that the grid direct current bias of the next stage of differential NMOS transistor is provided.
The broadband matching network has four stages in total, and the last stage realizes the broadband matching between the drain of the differential NMOS transistor and the radio frequency input end of the mixer in the receiving path.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a single transmit channel in a four-channel transmitter.
As shown in fig. 3, a single transmit channel 200 in a four-channel transmitter includes a transmit antenna, an antenna matching network, a wideband matching network, and mixers in two transmit paths. The intermediate frequency signal carrying the modulation information is mixed with the LO signal by a mixer in the transmit path to be carried to a radio frequency band suitable for long distance transmission, and the output of the mixer is connected to the gate of the first stage differential NMOS transistor of the power amplifier with phase control by a wideband matching network. The broadband matching network is a transformer with adjustable primary and secondary coil inductances, the inductance of the transformer is adjusted by a variable capacitor and a transistor, the functions of impedance matching, direct current bias and phase tuning are simultaneously realized, two ends of a primary stage of the transformer are connected with the output of the frequency mixer, a central tap of the primary stage is a virtual point, and the direct current bias of the frequency mixer is provided; the secondary coil is connected with the grid electrode of the first stage differential NMOS transistor of the phase-shifting power amplifier, and the center tap of the secondary coil is a virtual ground point, so that the grid electrode direct current bias of the next stage differential NMOS transistor is provided. The power amplifier with the phase control has four stages in total, the interstage matching is realized by using a transformer with adjustable inductance of a primary coil and a secondary coil, and the sizes of the four stages of interstage matching networks are different because the size of a transistor of the power amplifier with the phase control is gradually increased along with the increase of output power. The output end of the power amplifier with phase control is matched with a transmitting antenna through an output matching network, the output matching network is realized by a transformer and simultaneously completes the functions of impedance matching/single-end-differential conversion and direct current bias, the output signal of the power amplifier with phase control is input to a primary coil of the transformer, a central tap of the primary coil is virtual ground, and drain bias voltage of a differential NMOS transistor is added at the central tap of the primary coil; one end of two output ends of the secondary coil is grounded, and the other end of the secondary coil is connected with a chip output Pad; by reasonably selecting the size and the coupling coefficient of the transformer, the impedance matching between the transmitting antenna and the grid of the differential NMOS transistor can be realized.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an antenna matching network of a four-channel phased array transceiver.
As shown in fig. 4, the antenna matching network includes a first capacitor array 221, a second capacitor array 222, an NMOS transistor M02, two control NMOS transistors, and a transformer 223. The transformer 223 comprises a primary coil and a secondary coil, wherein the primary coil and the secondary coil are respectively provided with a center tap, and as the center tap of the transformer coil is a virtual point for differential signals, the connection of the center tap and the power voltage VDD does not affect the radio frequency transmission characteristics of the transformer; the center tap of the secondary coil is connected with a bias voltage Vbias; two ends of the primary coil are respectively connected with the drain terminal of the transistor M02 and the ground, the other two ends of the primary coil are respectively connected with the drains of the two control NMOS transistors, the grid electrodes of the control NMOS transistors are connected with control signals, and the source electrodes of the control NMOS transistors are grounded. The two ends of the secondary coil are connected to the two ends of the first capacitor array 221 and used for accessing a load, the load may be a next-stage broadband matching network, and the two ends of the second capacitor array 222 are connected to the two ends of the secondary coil, where the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array respectively include a plurality of parallel branches, and each branch includes a capacitor and a switch connected in series. The number of branches in the first capacitor array 221 and the second capacitor array 222 may be n +1, respectively, and the on and off of the switch in each branch is controlled by the corresponding bit in the control signal b [ n:0], so that the capacitance values of the first capacitor array 221 and the second capacitor array 222 are controlled by the control signal b [ n:0 ]. According to the parasitic parameter and turn ratio of the primary coil and the secondary coil, a second capacitor array matched with the first capacitor array can be obtained, capacitance values of all branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array can be different according to design requirements, and corresponding branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array are controlled by the same control signal position or different control signals.
The antenna matching network may be an on-chip integrated circuit, and the switches and the capacitors in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array may be implemented by transistors, respectively. Meanwhile, in order to reduce process errors and make the capacitance value more accurate, the capacitor in each branch can include two equal capacitors which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the switch in the branch.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a wideband matching network for a four-channel phased array transceiver.
As shown in fig. 5, the broadband matching network includes a first capacitor array 221, a second capacitor array 222, differential NMOS transistors M01 and M02, two control NMOS transistors, and a transformer 223. The transformer 223 includes a primary coil and a secondary coil, the primary coil and the secondary coil respectively have a center tap, the center tap of the primary coil is connected to the power supply voltage VDD, the center tap of the secondary coil is connected to the bias voltage Vbias, two ends of the primary coil are respectively connected to the drain terminals of the transistors M00 and M01, the other two ends are respectively connected to the drain terminals of the two control NMOS transistors, the gate of the control NMOS transistor is connected to the control signal, and the source is grounded. And two ends of the secondary coil are connected with two ends of the second capacitor array and are used for being connected into a load, and the load can be a next-stage broadband matching network. The two ends of the first capacitor array 221 are connected to the two ends of the primary coil, and the two ends of the second capacitor array 222 are connected to the two ends of the secondary coil, wherein the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array respectively include a plurality of parallel branches, and each branch includes a capacitor and a switch connected in series. The number of branches in the first capacitor array 221 and the second capacitor array 222 may be n +1, respectively, and the on and off of the switch in each branch is controlled by a corresponding control bit in the control signal b [ n:0], so that the capacitances of the first capacitor array 221 and the second capacitor array 222 are controlled by the control signal b [ n:0 ]. According to the parasitic parameters and the turn ratio of the primary coil and the secondary coil, a second capacitor array matched with the first capacitor array can be obtained, the capacitance of each branch in the first capacitor array and the capacitance of each branch in the second capacitor array can be different according to design requirements, and the corresponding branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array are controlled by the same control signal position or different control signals respectively.
The broadband matching network may be an on-chip integrated circuit, and the switches and the capacitors in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array may be respectively implemented by transistors. Meanwhile, in order to reduce process errors and make the capacitance value more accurate, the capacitor in each branch can include two equal capacitors which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the switch in the branch.
It should be noted that, in the above description of the embodiments, the transistors M00, M01 and M02 are MOSFETs having sources, drains and gates, and as an alternative embodiment, the transistors M00, M01 and M02 may be BJTs having collectors, emitters and bases corresponding to the sources, drains and gates of the MOSFETs respectively.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
While embodiments in accordance with the invention have been described above, these embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A four-channel phased array transceiver for use in a 5G millimeter wave base station, comprising a monolithically integrated four-channel transmitter and four-channel receiver, wherein:
a single channel of the four-channel transmitter comprises a transmitting antenna, a power amplifier with phase control and a mixer in a transmitting path; the mixer is used for mixing the local oscillation signal with an intermediate frequency signal containing modulation information, so that a radio frequency signal more suitable for communication transmission is obtained; the radio frequency signal output by the mixer passes through the power amplifier with phase control to carry out amplitude amplification and phase modulation on the radio frequency signal; the output signal of the power amplifier with phase control is radiated into the space through the transmitting antenna;
the single channel of the four-channel receiver comprises a receiving antenna, a low noise amplifier with phase control and a mixer in a receiving path; the receiving antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals required to be received in space; a receiving signal of a receiving antenna is input to the low noise amplifier with phase control; the low-noise amplifier is used for carrying out amplitude amplification and phase modulation on the signals received by the receiving antenna and inhibiting the noise of the signals; the output signal of the low noise amplifier with phase control is mixed with a local oscillation signal through a mixer in the receiving path to obtain a required intermediate frequency signal;
the low noise amplifier with phase control and the receiving antenna are matched in impedance through an antenna matching network of the receiving antenna, and the matching network is realized by a transformer; the power amplifier with the phase control and the transmitting antenna are subjected to impedance matching through an antenna matching network of the transmitting antenna, and the matching network is realized by a transformer;
the low noise amplifier with the phase control has four stages in total, the phase control of the low noise amplifier is realized by a broadband matching network between stages of the low noise amplifier with the phase control, the broadband matching network is realized by a transformer with adjustable inductance of a primary coil and a secondary coil, the inductance of the transformer is adjusted by a variable capacitor and a transistor, and the transformer simultaneously realizes the functions of impedance matching between stages, direct current bias and phase tuning.
2. The four-channel phased array transceiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein said power amplifier with phase control has four stages in total, and the phase control is performed by a wideband matching network between stages of the power amplifier with phase control, the wideband matching network is implemented by a transformer with adjustable inductance of the primary and secondary windings, the inductance is adjusted by a variable capacitor and a transistor, and the transformer simultaneously performs the functions of impedance matching between stages, DC bias, and phase tuning.
3. The four-channel phased array transceiver applied to a 5G millimeter wave base station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antenna matching network for the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna comprises a first capacitor array, a second capacitor array, an NMOS transistor M02, two control NMOS transistors and a transformer (223); the transformer (223) comprises a primary coil and a secondary coil, wherein the primary coil and the secondary coil are respectively provided with a center tap; the center tap of the secondary coil is connected with a bias voltage Vbias; two ends of the primary coil are respectively connected with the drain terminal of the transistor M02 and the ground, the other two ends of the primary coil are respectively connected with the drains of the two control NMOS transistors, the grid electrodes of the control NMOS transistors are connected with control signals, and the source electrodes of the control NMOS transistors are grounded; two ends of the secondary coil are connected with two ends of the second capacitor array and are used for being connected with a load, and the load is a next-stage broadband matching network; two ends of the first capacitor array are connected with two ends of the primary coil, two ends of the second capacitor array are connected with two ends of the secondary coil, wherein the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array respectively comprise a plurality of parallel branches, and each branch comprises a capacitor and a switch which are connected in series; the number of the branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array is n +1 respectively, and the on and off of the switch in each branch are controlled by corresponding bits in a control signal b [ n:0] so that the capacitance values of the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array are controlled by the control signal b [ n:0 ]; and obtaining a second capacitor array matched with the first capacitor array according to the ratio of the parasitic parameters of the primary coil and the secondary coil to the turns, wherein the capacitance values of the branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array can be different according to design requirements, and the corresponding branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array are controlled by the same control signal bit or are respectively controlled by different control signals.
4. The four-channel phased array transceiver applied to a 5G millimeter wave base station according to claim 3, wherein in the antenna matching network of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, a second capacitor array matched with the first capacitor array is obtained according to a ratio of parasitic parameters to turns of a primary coil and a secondary coil of the transformer, capacitance values of branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array are different according to design requirements, and corresponding branches in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array are controlled by the same control signal bit or different control signals respectively.
5. The four-channel phased array transceiver applied to a 5G millimeter wave base station as claimed in claim 4, wherein the antenna matching network of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is an on-chip integrated circuit, and the switches and the capacitors in the first capacitor array and the second capacitor array are respectively implemented by transistors; the capacitor in each branch comprises two equal capacitors which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the switch in the branch.
6. The four-channel phased array transceiver applied to a 5G millimeter wave base station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the broadband matching network between the phase-controlled power amplifier and the low noise amplifier stage comprises a third capacitor array, a fourth capacitor array, differential NMOS transistors M01 and M02, two control NMOS transistors and a transformer (223); the transformer (223) comprises a primary coil and a secondary coil, wherein the primary coil and the secondary coil are respectively provided with a center tap, the center tap of the primary coil is connected with a power supply voltage VDD, the center tap of the secondary coil is connected with a bias voltage Vbias, two ends of the primary coil are respectively connected with drain terminals of the transistors M00 and M01, the other two ends of the primary coil are respectively connected with drain electrodes of the two control NMOS transistors, the grid electrodes of the control NMOS transistors are connected with control signals, and the source electrodes of the control NMOS transistors are grounded; two ends of the secondary coil are connected with two ends of the fourth capacitor array and are used for being connected into a load, and the load can be a next-stage broadband matching network; two ends of the third capacitor array are connected with two ends of the primary coil, two ends of the fourth capacitor array are connected with two ends of the secondary coil, the third capacitor array and the fourth capacitor array respectively comprise a plurality of parallel branches, and each branch comprises a capacitor and a switch which are connected in series; the number of the branches in the third capacitor array and the fourth capacitor array is n +1 respectively, and the on and off of the switch in each branch are controlled by corresponding control bits in a control signal b [ n:0], so that the capacitance of the third capacitor array and the capacitance of the fourth capacitor array are controlled by the control signal b [ n:0 ]; and obtaining a fourth capacitor array matched with the third capacitor array according to the ratio of the parasitic parameters of the primary coil and the secondary coil to the turns, wherein the capacitance of each branch in the third capacitor array and the capacitance of each branch in the fourth capacitor array can be different according to the design requirement, and the corresponding branches in the third capacitor array and the fourth capacitor array are controlled by the same control signal position or are respectively controlled by different control signals.
7. The quad-channel phased array transceiver applied to a 5G millimeter wave base station according to claim 6, wherein a fourth capacitor array matched with the third capacitor array is obtained according to a ratio of parasitic parameters to turns of a primary coil and a secondary coil of the transformer in a broadband matching network between the phase-controlled power amplifier and the low noise amplifier, capacitance values of branches in the third capacitor array and the fourth capacitor array may be different according to design requirements, and corresponding branches in the third capacitor array and the fourth capacitor array are controlled by the same control signal bit or different control signals respectively.
8. The four-channel phased array transceiver applied to the 5G millimeter wave base station as claimed in claim 7, wherein the broadband matching network between the phase-controlled power amplifier and the low noise amplifier is an on-chip integrated circuit, and the switches and the capacitors in the third capacitor array and the fourth capacitor array are respectively implemented by transistors; the capacitor in each branch comprises two equal capacitors which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the switch in the branch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811614591.6A CN109474296B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Four-channel phased array transceiver applied to 5G millimeter wave base station |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811614591.6A CN109474296B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Four-channel phased array transceiver applied to 5G millimeter wave base station |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109474296A CN109474296A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
| CN109474296B true CN109474296B (en) | 2021-04-30 |
Family
ID=65677145
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811614591.6A Active CN109474296B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Four-channel phased array transceiver applied to 5G millimeter wave base station |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109474296B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116015316A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2023-04-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Radio frequency circuit and adjustable transformer |
| CN109995395B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2022-01-11 | 湖南时变通讯科技有限公司 | Radio frequency transceiver |
| CN110048241A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-23 | 湖南时变通讯科技有限公司 | Two dimensional phased array, large-scale antenna array and transmitter |
| CN110554389B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2024-03-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | 77GHz radar receiver circuit for improving wide-temperature working gain fluctuation |
| CN111130583B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-03-12 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Phased array receiver pre-differential amplification circuit and phased array system |
| CN111211803A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-29 | 重庆邮电大学 | Miniaturized four-channel radio frequency transceiver |
| CN117155314A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-12-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Radio frequency amplifying circuit, radio frequency transceiver and communication equipment |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103078173A (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2013-05-01 | 常州亚邦天线有限公司 | Built-in digital television receiving antenna for mobile phone |
| CN103684518A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-26 | 北京中电华大电子设计有限责任公司 | Radio frequency circuit shared by transmitting and receiving matching networks based on on-chip transformer |
| CN103368601B (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2015-09-23 | 深圳清华大学研究院 | Wireless communication transceiver front end |
| US10756798B2 (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2020-08-25 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and transmitter for transmit beamforming in a wireless communication system |
| CN206481298U (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-09-08 | 成都瑞迪威科技有限公司 | Multi-functional 4 close 1 transceiving chip |
| CN106953658B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2019-05-07 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | High integration active phased array transmitting-receiving subassembly |
-
2018
- 2018-12-27 CN CN201811614591.6A patent/CN109474296B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109474296A (en) | 2019-03-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109474296B (en) | Four-channel phased array transceiver applied to 5G millimeter wave base station | |
| US10396467B2 (en) | Method to build asymmetrical transmit/receive switch with 90 degrees impedance transformation section | |
| CN110212887A (en) | A kind of radio frequency active phase shifter structure | |
| US11128327B2 (en) | Principle and techniques for integrated TRX switch | |
| Öztürk et al. | 0.1 mm 2 SiGe BiCMOS RX/TX channel front-ends for 120 GHz phased array radar systems | |
| CN111969956A (en) | Ka-waveband broadband upper frequency converter | |
| US10998931B2 (en) | Transmit-receive switch with integrated power detection | |
| CN109787574A (en) | A kind of millimeter wave variable gain amplifier structure | |
| Jang et al. | 120-GHz wideband I/Q receiver based on baseband equalizing technique | |
| US20190356348A1 (en) | Compact broadband receiver for multi-band millimeter-wave 5g communication | |
| Wang et al. | A 39-GHz high image-rejection up-conversion mixer in 65-nm CMOS for 5G communication | |
| US11108372B2 (en) | Compact balanced radio frequency balun facilitating easy integration | |
| Pepe et al. | A novel phase shifter for 60 Ghz phased arrays | |
| CN109861651B (en) | Radio frequency power amplifier applied to 5G millimeter wave mobile communication | |
| CN113965167B (en) | Ultra-wideband image rejection mixer suitable for 5G communication system | |
| WO2022067609A1 (en) | Multi-band phased array and electronic device | |
| Wang et al. | A CMOS RF front-end with on-chip antenna for V-band broadband wireless communications | |
| Cheng et al. | An image rejection Ku-band CMOS low noise amplifier with bridged-tee band-stop filter | |
| CN115314056A (en) | Broadband transmitter | |
| Saponara et al. | Design of a 2 Gb/s transceiver at 60 GHz with integrated antenna in bulk CMOS technology | |
| Gharaba et al. | A 2mW, 60GHz Mixer First I/Q Receiver in 28nm CMOS | |
| CHEN et al. | Research towards terahertz power amplifiers in silicon amplifiers in silicon-based process based process | |
| Hao et al. | A 60 GHz Phased Array System Analysis and Its Phase Shifter in a 40 nm CMOS Technology. | |
| CN116436440B (en) | SOI stacked transistor voltage swing balancing circuit and power amplifier | |
| Paoloni et al. | Advancement in high capacity wireless distribution above 140 GHz |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |