CN109462017B - Circularly polarized single-pulse Cassegrain antenna - Google Patents
Circularly polarized single-pulse Cassegrain antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN109462017B CN109462017B CN201811249219.XA CN201811249219A CN109462017B CN 109462017 B CN109462017 B CN 109462017B CN 201811249219 A CN201811249219 A CN 201811249219A CN 109462017 B CN109462017 B CN 109462017B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circularly polarized single pulse Cassegrain antenna which comprises a main reflecting surface and an auxiliary reflecting surface which are coaxially arranged, an assembling device for connecting the main reflecting surface and the auxiliary reflecting surface, a feed source and a feed network, wherein the feed source is an integrally formed circularly polarized single pulse feed source, the circularly polarized single pulse feed source comprises four circularly polarized feed source units which are arranged in a 2 multiplied by 2 mode and have the same structure, and feed ports of the four circularly polarized feed source units are connected with the feed network. The feed source is an integrally formed circularly polarized single pulse feed source, so that layered block processing is not needed, and the feed source is suitable for various frequency bands, has a simple structure and has the characteristic of broadband axial ratio; in addition, the size of the feed source can be made very small, the caliber of the circularly polarized feed source unit can be smaller than one wavelength, compared with the prior art, the feed source has the characteristic of miniaturization, can be used for various antennas, and has strong adaptability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a circularly polarized single-pulse Cassegrain antenna.
Background
Since the development of world war II monopulse radar technology, monopulse antennas play an important role in radar systems. In radar application, the monopulse antenna can be generally an array antenna, and can also be composed of a reflecting surface and a monopulse feed source, wherein the reflecting monopulse antenna has the characteristics of simple structure, high gain and the like and is widely applied.
The reflective single pulse antenna can be divided into linear polarization, circular polarization, multi-polarization and other forms from the polarization characteristic, wherein the circular polarization wave has great advantages, because the circular polarization wave can be decomposed into two linear polarization waves with the same amplitude and the phase difference of 90 degrees, the circular polarization antenna can receive any linear polarization signal, and the single circular polarization antenna can not receive the circular polarization wave with the opposite rotation direction, particularly, the circular polarization antenna with the broadband characteristic has strong interference capability and anti-interference capability, and plays an important role in the fields of radar and communication. The long bulky of reflective circular polarization monopulse feed selects for the horn antenna more, and traditional circular polarization horn feed length, and need load medium or diaphragm sometimes, need layering piecemeal processing sometimes, and especially at the millimeter wave frequency channel, it is big that not only the bulky assembly degree of difficulty of loading medium or layering piecemeal processing is big, and also make the antenna error increase in the assembling process, thereby reduce the wholeness ability of antenna, and high performance's antenna generally requires the antenna to have the bandwidth of broad, consequently need one kind have broadband characteristic and the easy circular polarization monopulse plane of processing of simple structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a circularly polarized single-pulse Cassegrain antenna which has the characteristic of broadband axial ratio, has a simple structure and is easy to process.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the circularly polarized monopulse cassegrain antenna comprises a main reflecting surface and an auxiliary reflecting surface which are coaxially arranged, an assembling device for connecting the main reflecting surface and the auxiliary reflecting surface, a feed source and a feed network, wherein the feed source is an integrally formed circularly polarized monopulse feed source, the circularly polarized monopulse feed source comprises four circularly polarized feed source units which are arranged in a 2 multiplied by 2 mode and have the same structure, and feed ports of the four circularly polarized feed source units are connected with the feed network.
Further, the mounting device is detachable. After the assembling device is disassembled, the position of the sub-reflecting surface can be adjusted along the axial direction, so that the performance of the antenna can be adjusted.
Further, circular polarization feed unit includes integrated into one piece's circular polarizer and feed loudspeaker, and the circular polarizer includes rectangular waveguide and two grooves, and two grooves are seted up respectively in the last broadside department and the broadside department down of rectangular waveguide one end, two groove centrosymmetries, the center is the center of the part in two grooves of circular polarizer inner chamber connection, and feed loudspeaker locate circular polarizer and have slotted one end, and feed loudspeaker's horn mouth does not hide the catch groove.
Further, when the feed source horn is seen from the circular polarizer, the slot position at the upper broadside is offset to the left side of the center, and the slot position at the lower broadside is offset to the right side of the center. The circularly polarized feed source unit at this time is a right-hand circularly polarized feed source unit.
Further, when the direction from the circular polarizer to the feed source horn is viewed, the slot position at the upper broadside is offset to the right side of the center, and the slot position at the lower broadside is offset to the left side of the center. The circularly polarized feed source unit at this time is a left-handed circularly polarized feed source unit.
Furthermore, the horn mouth of feed source loudspeaker is the rectangle, and the shape of groove and the shape looks adaptation of horn mouth for the horn mouth does not shelter from the groove.
Furthermore, the horn mouth of feed source loudspeaker is circular, and the shape of groove and the shape looks adaptation of horn mouth for the horn mouth does not shield the groove.
Further, among the four circular polarization feed source units, the circular polarization feed source units in the first row and the second column are rotated by 90 degrees in a specific direction relative to the circular polarization feed source units in the first row and the first column, the circular polarization feed source units in the second row and the second column are rotated by 90 degrees in a specific direction relative to the circular polarization feed source units in the first row and the second column, the circular polarization feed source units in the first row and the first column are rotated by 90 degrees in a specific direction relative to the circular polarization feed source units in the second row and the second column, and the circular polarization feed source units in the first row and the first column are rotated by 90 degrees in a specific direction relative to the circular polarization feed source units in the. When feeding ports of the four right-hand circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are 0 degree, 90 degree, 0 degree and 90 degree respectively, and primary feed source beams are subjected to secondary reflection by the auxiliary reflecting surface and the main reflecting surface to obtain sum beams of the circularly polarized monopulse antennas; when feeding ports of the four right-hand circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are respectively 0 degree, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees, a pitching difference wave beam of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna is obtained; when the feeding ports of the four right-hand circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are respectively 180 degrees, 90 degrees, 0 degrees and 270 degrees, the horizontal difference wave beam of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna is obtained. When feeding ports of the four left-handed circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are respectively 90 degrees, 0 degrees, 90 degrees and 0 degrees, the primary feed source wave beam is reflected secondarily by the auxiliary reflecting surface and the main reflecting surface to obtain a sum wave beam of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna; when feeding ports of the four left-handed circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are 270 degrees, 180 degrees, 90 degrees and 0 degrees respectively, a pitching difference wave beam of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna is obtained; when the feed ports of the four left-handed circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are 270 degrees, 0 degrees, 90 degrees and 180 degrees respectively, the horizontal difference wave beam of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna is obtained.
Further, the assembling device comprises a support and an assembling ring, the assembling ring is detachably connected with the auxiliary reflecting surface, one end of the support is connected with the main reflecting surface, and the other end of the support is connected with the assembling ring.
Has the advantages that: the invention discloses a circularly polarized single pulse Cassegrain antenna, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1) the feed source is an integrally formed circularly polarized single pulse feed source, so that layered block processing is not needed, and the feed source is suitable for various frequency bands, has a simple structure and has the characteristic of broadband axial ratio; in addition, the size of the feed source can be made very small, the caliber of a circularly polarized feed source unit can be smaller than one wavelength, compared with the prior art, the feed source has the characteristic of miniaturization, can be used for various antennas, and has strong adaptability;
2) the circularly polarized single pulse feed source is formed by rotating four circularly polarized feed source units by 90 degrees in the same direction, because a single feed source unit has a good circularly polarized characteristic but still has a linear polarized component, the four circularly polarized feed source units are sequentially rotated by 90 degrees and the ports of the four circularly polarized feed source units are subjected to proper amplitude and phase excitation, so that the linear polarized components of adjacent units are synthesized to generate circular polarization, and after two circularly polarized waves with the same rotation direction are superposed, the circularly polarized single pulse antenna and the main beam direction of a wave beam have extremely high circularly polarized purity;
3) the invention adopts the Cassegrain antenna structure, has simple structure and easy processing, and can realize the circularly polarized single-pulse antenna with high gain and strong stability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a main reflective surface in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a sub-reflector in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an assembly device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a right-hand circularly polarized feed source unit with a rectangular horn mouth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 (a) is an overall view;
fig. 5 (b) is a split view;
FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a circularly polarized single pulse feed source formed by a right-hand circularly polarized feed source unit with a rectangular horn mouth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a left-handed circular polarized feed source unit with a rectangular horn mouth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a circular polarization single pulse feed source formed by a left-handed circular polarization feed source unit with a rectangular horn mouth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a circular polarization feed source unit with a circular bell mouth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a two-dimensional block diagram of an antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an operation mode of a right-handed circularly polarized monopulse cassegrain antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The specific embodiment discloses a circularly polarized single pulse cassegrain antenna, as shown in fig. 1 and 10, which comprises a main reflecting surface 1 and an auxiliary reflecting surface 2 which are coaxially arranged, an assembling device 3 for connecting the main reflecting surface 1 and the auxiliary reflecting surface 2, a feed source 4 and a feed network 5. The feed source 4 is an integrally formed circularly polarized single pulse feed source, the circularly polarized single pulse feed source comprises four circularly polarized feed source units which are arranged in a 2 multiplied by 2 mode and have the same structure, and feed ports of the four circularly polarized feed source units are connected with the feed network 5.
The main reflecting surface 1 is a metal paraboloid as shown in fig. 2. The sub-reflecting surface 2 is a metal hyperboloid reflecting surface as shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the mounting device 3 includes a bracket 31 and a mounting ring 32. The fitting ring 32 is connected to the sub-reflecting surface 2 by a nut 33, the nut 33 is detachable, and after the nut 33 is detached, the positions of the fitting ring 32 and the sub-reflecting surface 2 can be adjusted. One end of the bracket 31 is connected to the main reflection surface 1 through a nut 34, and the other end of the bracket 31 is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 32.
The circularly polarized feed source unit comprises a circularly polarizer and a feed source loudspeaker which are integrally formed. The horn mouth of the feed source horn can be rectangular or circular, which are described below.
1. The horn mouth of the feed source horn is rectangular
The circularly polarized single pulse feed source with the rectangular horn mouth comprises four circularly polarized feed source units which are arranged in a 2 multiplied by 2 mode and have the same structure. The four circular polarization feed source units can be right-hand circular polarization feed source units and can also be left-hand circular polarization feed source units, which are introduced below.
1) When the four circular polarization feed source units are right-hand circular polarization feed source units, they are respectively a first right-hand circular polarization feed source unit 41, a second right-hand circular polarization feed source unit 42, a third right-hand circular polarization feed source unit 43 and a fourth right-hand circular polarization feed source unit 44, as shown in fig. 6. The structure of the first right-hand circular polarization feed source unit 41 is described as an example, and the structures of the other three right-hand circular polarization feed source units are the same as the structure of the first right-hand circular polarization feed source unit 41, and thus are not described again. As shown in fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the circular polarizer 411 includes a rectangular waveguide and two slots 4111, the two slots 4111 are respectively opened at an upper wide side and a lower wide side of one end of the rectangular waveguide, the two slots 4111 are symmetrical with each other in center, the center is the center of a portion of an inner cavity of the circular polarizer 411, which connects the two slots 4111, the feed horn 412 is arranged at one end of the circular polarizer 411, which has the slot 4111, and the shape of the slot 4111 is adapted to the shape of the horn mouth of the feed horn 412, so that the horn mouth does not block the slot 4111. When viewed from the direction from the circular polarizer to the feed horn, the groove 4111 at the upper wide side is located on the left side of the center, and the groove 4111 at the lower wide side is located on the right side of the center. When an electric field is transmitted to the slot 4111 part of the circular polarizer 411 through a rectangular waveguide, a plurality of electric field modes can be generated in the process of passing through two centrosymmetric slots 4111 by single linear polarization, a part of the electric field is subjected to polarization torsion, the electric field reaches a feed source aperture plane through the feed source horn 412, and the superimposed electric field vector has a good circular polarization characteristic for a certain structural size. As shown in fig. 6, in the four right-hand circular polarization feed units, when viewed from the direction from the circular polarizer 411 to the feed horn 412, the second right-hand circular polarization feed unit 42 is rotated by 90 degrees clockwise with respect to the first right-hand circular polarization feed unit 41, the third right-hand circular polarization feed unit 43 is rotated by 90 degrees clockwise with respect to the second right-hand circular polarization feed unit 42, the fourth right-hand circular polarization feed unit 44 is rotated by 90 degrees clockwise with respect to the third right-hand circular polarization feed unit 43, and the first right-hand circular polarization feed unit 41 is rotated by 90 degrees clockwise with respect to the fourth right-hand circular polarization feed unit 44. When feeding ports of the four right-hand circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are 0 degree, 90 degree, 0 degree and 90 degree respectively, primary feed source wave beams are reflected for the second time by the auxiliary reflecting surface 2 and the main reflecting surface 1, and sum wave beams of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna are obtained; when feeding ports of the four right-hand circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are respectively 0 degree, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees, a pitching difference wave beam of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna is obtained; when the feeding ports of the four right-hand circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are respectively 180 degrees, 90 degrees, 0 degrees and 270 degrees, the horizontal difference wave beam of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna is obtained. The phase values of the three operating modes and the feed port of the right-hand circular polarization feed source unit are shown in fig. 11.
2) When the four circular polarization feed source units are left-handed circular polarization feed source units, the four circular polarization feed source units are respectively a first left-handed circular polarization feed source unit 61, a second left-handed circular polarization feed source unit 62, a third left-handed circular polarization feed source unit 63 and a fourth left-handed circular polarization feed source unit 64, as shown in fig. 7 and 8. The left-hand circular polarization feed source unit and the right-hand circular polarization feed source unit are different in structure with grooves only, and the other parts are the same. For the left-handed circularly polarized feed source unit, when viewed from the direction from the circular polarizer to the feed source horn, the slot position at the upper broadside is offset to the right side of the center, and the slot position at the lower broadside is offset to the left side of the center. As shown in fig. 8, in the four left-hand circular polarization feed source units, when viewed from the direction from the circular polarizer to the feed horn, the second left-hand circular polarization feed source unit 62 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the first left-hand circular polarization feed source unit 61, the third left-hand circular polarization feed source unit 63 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the second left-hand circular polarization feed source unit 62, the fourth left-hand circular polarization feed source unit 64 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the third left-hand circular polarization feed source unit 63, and the first left-hand circular polarization feed source unit 61 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the fourth left-hand circular polarization feed source unit 64. When feeding ports of the four left-handed circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are respectively 90 degrees, 0 degrees, 90 degrees and 0 degrees, the primary feed source wave beam is reflected secondarily by the auxiliary reflecting surface and the main reflecting surface to obtain a sum wave beam of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna; when feeding ports of the four left-handed circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are 270 degrees, 180 degrees, 90 degrees and 0 degrees respectively, a pitching difference wave beam of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna is obtained; when the feed ports of the four left-handed circularly polarized feed source units are fed with equal amplitude and the phases are 270 degrees, 0 degrees, 90 degrees and 180 degrees respectively, the horizontal difference wave beam of the circularly polarized monopulse antenna is obtained.
2. The horn mouth of the feed horn is round
A circularly polarised feed unit 71 with a circular bell mouth is shown in figure 9. As shown in fig. 9, the circular polarizer 711 includes a rectangular waveguide and two slots 7111, the two slots 7111 are respectively disposed at the upper and lower broadsides of one end of the rectangular waveguide, the two slots 7111 are symmetric with respect to the center, which is the center of the portion of the inner cavity of the circular polarizer 711 connecting the two slots 7111, the feed horn 712 is disposed at one end of the circular polarizer 711 having the slot 7111, and the shape of the slot 7111 is adapted to the shape of the horn mouth of the feed horn 712, so that the horn mouth does not block the slot 7111.
Similarly, the circular polarization feed unit with the circular horn can be left-handed and right-handed, and is the same as before, and will not be described herein.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a circular polarization monopulse cassegrain antenna, includes main plane of reflection (1) and subreflector (2) of coaxial setting, connects assembly quality (3), feed (4) and feed network (5) of main plane of reflection (1) and subreflector (2), its characterized in that: the feed source (4) is an integrally formed circularly polarized single pulse feed source, the circularly polarized single pulse feed source comprises four circularly polarized feed source units which are arranged in a 2 multiplied by 2 mode and have the same structure, and feed ports of the four circularly polarized feed source units are connected with the feed network (5); circular polarization feed unit includes integrated into one piece's circular polarizer and feed loudspeaker, and the circular polarizer includes rectangular waveguide and two grooves, and two grooves are seted up respectively in the last broadside department and the broadside department down of rectangular waveguide one end, two groove centrosymmetries, the center is the center of the part in two grooves of circular polarizer inner chamber connection, and feed loudspeaker locate circular polarizer and have slotted one end, and the horn mouth of feed loudspeaker does not hide the fender groove.
2. The circularly polarized single pulse cassegrain antenna of claim 1, wherein: the assembling device (3) is detachable.
3. The circularly polarized single pulse cassegrain antenna of claim 1, wherein: when viewed from the direction from the circular polarizer to the feed source horn, the slot position at the upper broadside is offset to the left side of the center, and the slot position at the lower broadside is offset to the right side of the center.
4. The circularly polarized single pulse cassegrain antenna of claim 1, wherein: when viewed from the direction from the circular polarizer to the feed source horn, the slot position at the upper broadside is offset to the right side of the center, and the slot position at the lower broadside is offset to the left side of the center.
5. The circularly polarized single pulse cassegrain antenna of claim 1, wherein: the horn mouth of feed source loudspeaker is the rectangle, and the shape of groove and the shape looks adaptation of horn mouth for the horn mouth does not shield the groove.
6. The circularly polarized single pulse cassegrain antenna of claim 1, wherein: the horn mouth of feed source loudspeaker is circular, and the shape of groove and the shape looks adaptation of horn mouth for the horn mouth does not shield the groove.
7. The circularly polarized single pulse cassegrain antenna according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: among the four circular polarization feed source units, the circular polarization feed source units in the first row and the second column rotate 90 degrees in a specific direction relative to the circular polarization feed source units in the first row and the first column, the circular polarization feed source units in the second row and the second column rotate 90 degrees in the specific direction relative to the circular polarization feed source units in the first row and the second column, the circular polarization feed source units in the first row and the first column rotate 90 degrees in the specific direction relative to the circular polarization feed source units in the second row and the second column, and the circular polarization feed source units in the first row and the first column rotate 90 degrees in the specific direction relative to the circular polarization feed source units in the first column and the second row.
8. The circularly polarized single pulse cassegrain antenna of claim 1, wherein: the assembling device (3) comprises a support (31) and an assembling ring (32), the assembling ring (32) is detachably connected with the auxiliary reflecting surface (2), one end of the support (31) is connected with the main reflecting surface (1), and the other end of the support (31) is connected with the assembling ring (32).
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| CN112993587A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-18 | 北京邮电大学 | Circularly polarized reflector antenna and communication equipment |
| CN113131210B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-09-06 | 西北核技术研究所 | Positive feed Cassegrain antenna for high-power microwave |
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| KR101589721B1 (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2016-01-28 | 엘아이지넥스원 주식회사 | Dual-polarized monopulse antenna for millimeter-wave band seeker |
| CN106159462A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-23 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of compact millimeter wave monopulse antenna |
| CN107221760B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2023-04-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Double-frequency circularly polarized array antenna |
| CN108346852A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-07-31 | 东南大学 | A kind of millimeter wave multibeam antenna used for positioning |
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