CN109461076A - A kind of block chain method of commerce - Google Patents
A kind of block chain method of commerce Download PDFInfo
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- CN109461076A CN109461076A CN201811172309.3A CN201811172309A CN109461076A CN 109461076 A CN109461076 A CN 109461076A CN 201811172309 A CN201811172309 A CN 201811172309A CN 109461076 A CN109461076 A CN 109461076A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
- G06Q20/10—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic funds transfer [EFT] systems; specially adapted for home banking systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
- G06Q20/382—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
- G06Q40/04—Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of block chain method of commerce, belong to security fields.Whether the method includes the judgement sides of transferring accounts and receipt on account side on same chain；The side of transferring accounts and receipt on account side judge that can block catenary system be transferred accounts using lightning network when on same chain, if can if transferred accounts using transfer network, otherwise execute and trade on chain；The side of transferring accounts and receipt on account side judge that can the block catenary system carry out atom swap operation not when on same chain, if can if carry out atom exchange, otherwise mention coin to main chain, deposit coin to object chain.The present invention operates under the trusted computation environment for executing privacy intelligence contract, knows together on marriage chain, under chain, proposes broad sense chain common recognition, in conjunction with block chain demixing technology, has obtained a practical high performance universal block chain method of commerce.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to security technology area more particularly to a kind of block chain method of commerce.
Background technique
Block chain technology is that calculation of knowing together with storing data, using distributed node is verified using block linked data structure
Method guarantees the safety of data transmission and access to generate, using by automatized script with more new data, in the way of cryptography
The intelligent contract of code composition programs the completely new distributed basis framework and calculation paradigm of one kind with operation data.
Currently, the application of block chain technology faces many problems, and in current block catenary system, all data are complete
It is disclosed on chain, can not receive and handle the data of any required secrecy, there are privacy concern, the characteristic of block chain is collective
It saves, it is open and clear, it proves to generate the purpose trusted to play collective, for electronic invoice, medical records etc. is deposited card class and answered for this
It is unsuitable with scene.
The complete game of point of holding position, non-information of user is such as when the typical scene of private data has spin-off transaction
The hands etc. of player in chess and card games.Confidentiality in order to protect data, this kind of application can not be run on chain.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of block chain method of commerce, by credible performing environment (TEE, Trusted
Execution Environment) any believable equipment is extended to, data under believable chain, which are introduced, to block chain participates in altogether
Know, solve the problems, such as random number generator on chain, because method of commerce operates in the trusted computation environment of execution privacy intelligence contract
Under, improve the personal secrets of data in transaction.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of block chain method of commerce, which comprises
Judge the side of transferring accounts and receipt on account side whether on same chain；
The side of transferring accounts and receipt on account side judge that can block catenary system be transferred accounts using lightning network when on same chain,
If can if transferred accounts using transfer network, otherwise execute and trade on chain；
The side of transferring accounts and receipt on account side judge that can the block catenary system carry out atom exchange behaviour not when on same chain
Make, if can if carry out atom exchange, otherwise mention coin to main chain, deposit coin to object chain.
Wherein, can the block catenary system judgement be transferred accounts using lightning network, be specifically included:
When main chain in the block catenary system carries out transaction in assets using lightning network and subchain, the area is judged
Block catenary system can be transferred accounts using lightning network.
Wherein, can the judgement block catenary system carry out atom swap operation, specifically include:
When main chain in the block catenary system is exchanged using lightning network implementations atom, the block linkwork is judged
System can be carried out atom swap operation.
Further, before whether the judgement side of transferring accounts is with receipt on account side on same chain, the method also includes:
When subchain access system in block catenary system, chain linked to owner provides the unique identification of subchain and for freezing to conciliate
The output script for locking assets, is registered.
Wherein, the subchain also mortgages a guarantee fund to the main chain for resolving a dispute.
Further, the method also includes main chain freezings of assets, realize in subchain issuing asset into gold, equivalent distribution
Realize the unidirectional anchoring from main chain to subchain.
Further, which is characterized in that the method also includes: assets are destroyed in subchain, are realized in main chain unlock assets
Golden out, the unidirectional anchoring of subchain to main chain is realized in equivalent unlock.
It has the beneficial effect that:
Block chain method of commerce of the invention operates under the trusted computation environment for executing privacy intelligence contract, marriage chain
It knows together under upper, chain, proposes broad sense chain common recognition (Generalized Chain Consensus), be layered skill in conjunction with block chain
Art has obtained practical a high performance universal block chain method of commerce and system.
Detailed description of the invention
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows one block chain transaction system structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows enter the golden flow diagram with gold out in one block catenary system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the flow diagram of two block chain method of commerce of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows existing block chain method of commerce flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to which technical solution of the present invention and advantage is more clearly understood, below in conjunction with attached drawing to example of the invention
Property embodiment is described in more detail, it is clear that and the described embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and
The exhaustion of not all embodiment.And in the absence of conflict, the feature in the embodiment and embodiment in this explanation can
To be combined with each other.
For traditional intelligence contract on chain storage state, pass through the ownership of the complete calculating operation assets of figure spirit, it is real
The problem of common recognition not can guarantee privacy is showed on chain, because common recognition is difficult to solve to be related to privacy to ask with externally input on chain
Topic, and know together under chain, provide possibility.It is real that this programme proposes to introduce common recognition agreement under trusted computation environment (TEE) and chain
Existing broad sense chain common recognition, STC allow to introduce external trust data in transaction, simultaneously participate in common recognition with data on chain, real on chain
Existing privacy intelligence contract and uncertainty.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of block chain transaction system, which includes structure and chain flowering structure on chain, on the chain
Structure and chain flowering structure use faith mechanism under the chain in broad sense chain common recognition, and structure includes the main chain using hierarchical design on chain
And subchain, and privacy intelligence contract is run in subchain.
Wherein, broad sense chain common recognition on chain with two parts under chain by constituting, and structure includes main chain and at least one son on chain
Chain, main chain is based on UTXO model as Trading Model, and at least one assets carry out transaction in assets on main chain, and main chain passes through
Billing agreements interoperate with subchain, realize that assets mutually shift.
Specifically, infrastructure of the main chain as subchain in the present invention, only supports simple transaction and based on output script
Simple intelligent contract.Freezing and unlocking for assets can be realized on chain on demand using intelligent contract, to realize and son
The interoperability of chain.Safety and interoperability are emphasized in the design of main chain, some to user-friendly advanced feature, as low latency,
The transaction of high-throughput, the characteristics such as complete intelligent contract of figure spirit then give the realization of two layers of solution on main chain.
Main chain, as Trading Model, realizes more assets book keeping operations on reliable chain using UTXO.The basic unit of UTXO only wraps
It is a kind of model succinct, easy to maintain, the output not spent all is remaining sum, can containing not spending and spending two states
It is used for following transaction.Distribution and clearing layer of the main chain as assets, without the complete intelligent contract of support figure spirit.
Using UTXO as Trading Model, main chain-subchain hierarchical design has the advantages that the present invention
Because UTXO is a kind of security model for having been demonstrated, generally acknowledging, there is robustness；Because each transaction only with it is defeated
Enter correlation, can be executed parallel to improve handling capacity without associated transaction, have the characteristics that parallelization；Simplifying for UTXO is set
In respect of the realization for being conducive to two layers of dilatation schemes such as lightning network, Plasma, various dilatation agreements are had been widely used for, are had
Scalability；Transaction under UTXO model is more difficult to track, and has privacy.
The hierarchical design and feature of main chain and subchain in the present invention is detailed below:
Main chain supports a variety of assets
Main chain has a kind of underlying scenario TFC when initial, and for paying miner's reward, transaction procedure Fei Yuyong is on mortgage.
Furthermore user can also in main chain issuing asset, each assets can participate in business, be not different with underlying scenario.
Assets are issued and are settled accounts on main chain, and can mutually be shifted by billing agreements with subchain.Assets in subchain
100% reserve fund must be retained on main chain, ensure that the safety of fund.Different subchains can be real by main chain transfer
Assets transfer between existing subchain.The transfer of assets will elaborate below with clearing.
Main chain is using PoW as common recognition mechanism
PoW can provide optimal safety for main chain, while distribute currency in most fair mode, avoid class PoS total
Know lower assets and tends to the hidden danger concentrated.Main chain, as common recognition mechanism, can be made main chain ensure safety rather than pursued using PoW
Efficiency.
Main chain carries out transaction in assets using lightning network and the subchain.
Because transactions velocity receives the limitation of many factors such as network bandwidth and delay, block verification time, storage, area
There are bottlenecks for transaction on the chain of block chain.Therefore, in the present invention, main chain passes through payment channel on construction chain using lightning network, real
Existing height is handled up, trades under the chain of low latency.
In lightning network, only routing node is participated in business, and complete parallel executes in a network for transaction, as node increases
Long, theoretically handling capacity does not have the upper limit.Lightning network trading guarantees safety by payment channel on chain, may be implemented to hand over immediately
Easily without waiting block confirmation.
The various assets of main chain can be exchanged by lightning network implementations atom, to realize that is efficiently gone to a center
Change exchange.
In practical application, subchain has a plurality of, and subchain has the property that
Subchain is using the common recognition mechanism based on PoS and/or based on PoW
Subchain can select most suitable common recognition mechanism, such as the common recognition machine based on PoS and/or based on PoW as desired
System.Subchain is to support dApp efficient operation and design, under the premise of main chain can guarantee subchain assets security and isolation,
Subchain can appropriate sacrificing security, improve network throughput using based on the common recognition mechanism of PoS.
Trading Model based on account supports primary intelligent contract and/or the clever complete intelligent contract of figure
Subchain provides several primary intelligent contracts to support necessary basic function, for example, intelligent contract deployment and
Call, transaction verification on chain, with the RPC of trusted resource under chain etc..
It is mutually isolated between a plurality of subchain
Because can establish a plurality of subchain on main chain, they realize the bidirectionally anchoring of assets by billing agreements and main chain.
It in bidirectionally anchoring system, is mutually isolated between different chains, ensure that the safety of system entirety.The safety of subchain assets
Acted on behalf of by main chain, therefore subchain can be customized flexibly according to actual needs, realize low latency, it is high handle up, complicated intelligence
Energy contract is without losing safety.
Different subchains realize the assets transfer between different subchains by main chain transfer.
Assets are issued and are settled accounts on main chain, and can mutually be shifted by billing agreements with subchain.Assets in subchain
100% reserve fund must be retained on main chain, ensure that the safety of fund.Different subchains can be real by main chain transfer
Assets transfer between existing subchain.The transfer of assets will elaborate below with clearing.
Wherein, chain flowering structure of the invention operates in trusted computation environment (TEE, Trusted Execution
Environment under), wherein trusted computation environment is a kind of ideal computation model: E=(Exec, Enc, Test) E=
(Exec,Enc,Test)
The model reliably executes set program, output and only exports implementing result, the model be it is reliable, it is defeated
Result can directly be trusted by the external world out, and since this model only exports implementing result, in-between state is hidden, and ensure that shape
The confidentiality of state.In conjunction with two above characteristic, can construct one it is being trusted by block chain, protection privacy and general
Chain under calculating instrument.
Scheme provided by the invention solves the privacy intelligence that traditional block chain cannot achieve by introducing broad sense chain common recognition
Can contract problem, in combination with hierarchical design, realize a high-performance, it is expansible, can protect privacy with it is inexpensive credible
System.
Embodiment two
The present invention provides a kind of preceding registration process in main chain of subchain access；
In practical application, in order to provide a user transferring accounts function across chain for transparent unification, it need to be mentioned in main chain before subchain access
Registered for following content: the unique identification of subchain and the output script for freezing and unlocking assets, can also provide to
A guarantee fund is given as security for resolving a dispute.
Wherein, unique identification is used for specified discrepancy gold and the object across chain operation for positioning subchain.Export script
It defines freezing of assets and unlocks the verifying logic of assets, for realizing the common recognition mechanism of various subchain schemes.Guarantee fund's conduct
Option, for supporting some common recognition models for needing guarantee fund.Master can be recorded as a special deal in registration operation
Chain, and need to pay certain service charge and guarantee fund.
Main chain as shown in Figure 2, subchain enter golden process and go out golden process, in block chain, in main chain freezing of assets,
Subchain issuing asset realizes that, into gold, the unidirectional anchoring from main chain to subchain is realized in equivalent distribution, and specifically entering golden process includes:
The output script transfer account that user defines to subchain, freezing of assets, in this, as the proof for entering gold；For
Frozen assets can be just transferred, it is generally the case that subchain is taken only when meeting condition defined in output script
To freezing to prove, so that it may issue corresponding equivalent assets in subchain.
By destroying assets in subchain, gold is realized out in main chain unlock assets, equivalent unlock realizes subchain to the list of main chain
To anchoring, specific process golden out includes:
User destroys certain assets in subchain；After the common recognition that destruction behavior passes through subchain, generates a destroy and demonstrate,prove
It is bright, it is comprised in the transaction of unlock main chain output script；Under normal conditions, it can be unlocked on main chain with this and destruction portion
Divide the assets of equivalent；Under special circumstances, it when subchain miner (owner) does evil, can be provided by meeting in output script
Escape mechanism compulsory withdrawal fund.
In conjunction with the unidirectional anchoring for going out gold, entering gold realization, the bidirectionally anchoring of main chain and subchain can be realized, assets is supported to exist
Interchain freely shifts.
For the assets transfer process between subchain
By billing agreements, assets can shift between main chain and subchain, can be made by main chain between two subchains
For bridge assets transfer, it is a kind of lower scheme of efficiency that this transfer, which usually requires unlock and freezes two transactions,.This Shen
It please be in view of enough realization assets under the premise of not introducing third-party of atomic interchange energy be across chain tra nsfer, when in two subchains
When user wishes to intercourse the assets of equivalent, atom exchange can meet demand.Wish to shift equivalent assets without opponent
When, marketmaker can be introduced, interchain mobility is provided, and collect a small amount of service charge, therefore with marketmaker carry out atom exchange according to
It is so that need not trust.
Referring to Fig. 3, below for money transfer transactions occur, the block chain method of commerce that the present invention will be described in detail is specific to flow
Journey includes:
301, whether the judgement side of transferring accounts and receipt on account side are on same chain, if so, 302 are thened follow the steps, if it is not, executing
Step 305；
302, can judgement use lightning network, if can, then follow the steps 303, it is no to then follow the steps 303；
303, it is transferred accounts using lightning network, completes transfer operation；
Wherein, main chain is handled up, is traded under the chain of low latency using lightning network implementations height, and lightning network passes through construction chain
Upper payment channel is realized and is traded under high performance instant chain.
In lightning network, only routing node is participated in business, and complete parallel executes in a network for transaction, therefore with
Node increases, and theoretically handling capacity does not have the upper limit.Lightning network trading guarantees safety by payment channel on chain, may be implemented
Present deal is without waiting block confirmation.The various assets of main chain can be exchanged by lightning network implementations atom, thus real
An existing efficient decentralization exchange.
304, it executes and trades on chain, complete transfer operation；
305, can judgement carry out atom exchange, if can, step 306 is executed, it is no to then follow the steps 307；
306, atom exchange is carried out, transfer operation is completed；
307, coin is mentioned to main chain, is deposited coin to object chain, is completed transfer operation.
Wherein, the various assets of main chain can be exchanged by lightning network implementations atom, efficiently be gone to realize one
Centralization exchange.
Atom exchange can be realized under the premise of not introducing third-party assets across chain tra nsfer.When in two subchains
When user wishes to intercourse the assets of equivalent, atom exchange can meet demand.Wish to shift equivalent assets without opponent
When, marketmaker can be introduced, interchain mobility is provided, and collect a small amount of service charge.It exchanges and is still with marketmaker's progress atom
It need not trust.
Existing transaction flow shown in Fig. 4, judge transaction whether on same chain, it is complete if then carrying out trading on chain
At transfer operation, transaction is judged not on same chain, then mentions coin to main chain, deposit coin to object chain, complete transfer operation.
The application is exchanged by introducing lightning network with atom, compared with existing block chain transaction flow, lightning network
Transaction guarantees safety by payment channel on chain, realizes that present deal without waiting block confirmation, realizes and realizes that height gulps down
It spits, trade under the chain of low latency.
The invention proposes transaction flow of the operation with contract:
It is executed in TEE, when user proposes to execute contract, carries out local verification, be verified, then entered contract spacious
The queue of work, all absence from work without reason operation contracts carry out queue packing, block chain is arrived in storage when verifying the validity of contract and passing through.
Scheme provided by the invention solves the privacy intelligence that traditional block chain cannot achieve by introducing broad sense chain common recognition
Can contract problem, in combination with hierarchical design, realize a high-performance, it is expansible, can protect privacy with it is inexpensive credible
System.
For convenience of description, each section of apparatus above is divided into various modules with function or unit describes respectively.When
So, each module or the function of unit can be realized in same or multiple softwares or hardware in carrying out the present invention.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, the embodiment of the present invention can provide as method, system or computer journey
Sequence product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the present invention
The form of embodiment.Moreover, it wherein includes the calculating of computer usable program code that the present invention, which can be used in one or more,
The computer program implemented in machine usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.)
The form of product.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, once a person skilled in the art knows basic wounds
The property made concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.It is wrapped so the following claims are intended to be interpreted as
It includes preferred embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of block chain method of commerce, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Judge the side of transferring accounts and receipt on account side whether on same chain；
The side of transferring accounts and receipt on account side judge that can block catenary system be transferred accounts using lightning network, if energy when on same chain
It is then transferred accounts using transfer network, otherwise executes and trade on chain；
The side of transferring accounts and receipt on account side judge that can the block catenary system carry out atom swap operation not when on same chain, if
Atom exchange can be then carried out, coin is otherwise mentioned to main chain, deposits coin to object chain.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that can the block catenary system judgement be carried out using lightning network
It transfers accounts, specifically includes:
When main chain in the block catenary system carries out transaction in assets using lightning network and subchain, the block linkwork is judged
System can be transferred accounts using lightning network.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that can the judgement block catenary system carry out atom exchange
Operation, specifically includes:
When main chain in the block catenary system is exchanged using lightning network implementations atom, judge that the block catenary system can be into
Row atom swap operation.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, which is characterized in that whether the judgement side of transferring accounts and receipt on account side are in same
Before on chain, the method also includes:
When subchain access system in block catenary system, chain linked to owner provides the unique identification of subchain and for freezing and unlocking assets
Output script, registered.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the subchain is also mortgaged a guarantee fund to the main chain and is used for
It resolves a dispute.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the method also includes: main chain freezing of assets is issued in subchain
Assets realize that, into gold, the unidirectional anchoring from main chain to subchain is realized in equivalent distribution.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the method also includes: assets are destroyed in subchain, in main chain solution
Lock assets realize out gold, and the unidirectional anchoring of subchain to main chain is realized in equivalent unlock.
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| CN109978691A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-05 | 武汉大学 | Futures exchange method based on block chain |
| CN110084595A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-08-02 | 杜晓楠 | A kind of block chain method of commerce and device for preventing attack by lightning network |
| CN110084594A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-08-02 | 杜晓楠 | A kind of block chain method of commerce and device by lightning network |
| CN110111104A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-09 | 矩阵元技术（深圳）有限公司 | Block chain intelligence contract implementation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN110427782A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-08 | 杭州云象网络技术有限公司 | A kind of random digit generation method based on block chain |
| CN110648235A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-03 | 刘佳 | Cross-chain asset transfer method based on trusted computing environment (TEE) |
| CN110766408A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-02-07 | 杭州趣链科技有限公司 | Cross-chain transaction verification method, engine, equipment and storage medium for heterogeneous block chain |
| CN111095256A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-05-01 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Securely executing intelligent contract operations in a trusted execution environment |
| CN111126977A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-08 | 深圳大学 | Transaction processing method of block chain system |
| CN111598569A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-28 | 昆明大棒客科技有限公司 | Tree block chain expansion method and device |
| CN111666337A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Patent technology conversion operation platform and transaction method based on block chain technology |
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| CN111882437A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-03 | 神话科技传媒(深圳)有限公司上海分公司 | Block chain implementation method with intelligent contract with complete picture |
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| CN112258184A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-22 | 成都质数斯达克科技有限公司 | Method and device for freezing area block chain network, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN112348679A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-09 | 天元大数据信用管理有限公司 | Asset issuance and redemption method and system based on block chain |
| CN112633863A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-09 | 杭州趣链科技有限公司 | Block chain based bill exchange method, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN113781245A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 杭州宇链科技有限公司 | Privacy computing system and method enabling safe production insurance |
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