CN109459346B - Concrete Vibrio consistometer and application method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete Vibrio consistometer and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109459346B CN109459346B CN201811581530.4A CN201811581530A CN109459346B CN 109459346 B CN109459346 B CN 109459346B CN 201811581530 A CN201811581530 A CN 201811581530A CN 109459346 B CN109459346 B CN 109459346B
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- 241000607598 Vibrio Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a concrete Vibrio consistometer and a use method thereof, wherein the consistometer comprises a container, a vibrating table, a disc, a timing display, pits, pore channels, piezoelectric wafers, fuses and a timing module; the container is fixedly arranged on the vibrating table; the lower surface of the disc is uniformly provided with a plurality of pits, the bottoms of the pits are provided with pore channels communicated with the upper surface, and the disc is matched with the container; the timing display comprises piezoelectric wafers, fuses and a timing module, wherein the piezoelectric wafers and the pore channels are arranged at the upper ends of the pore channels in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and all the piezoelectric wafers are connected in series and then connected with the fuses and the timing module in series to form a detection loop. The method comprises the following steps of 1, contacting the lower surface of a disc with a cement concrete mixture to be tested; step 2, the vibrating table drives the mixture to impact the piezoelectric wafer so as to generate positive piezoelectric effect; and 3, fusing all piezoelectric wafers by the fuse after impact, disconnecting the circuit, stopping timing by the timing module, and displaying the time by the timing display.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of material testing instruments, and particularly relates to a concrete Vibrio consistometer and a using method thereof.
Background
The concrete Vibrio consistometer is suitable for measuring dry and hard concrete with particle size not greater than 40mm, slump value less than 10mm and Vibrio consistometer value between 5 and 30 seconds. When the conventional concrete Vibo consistometer measures the consistency of the cement concrete mixture, not only the definition of measurement is very fuzzy, but also in the experiment, because cement slurry wets the bottom of a disc unevenly, the end point of the experiment is difficult to judge, and people can hardly judge the time critical value when the mixture just fully fills the disc through observation, so that the experiment generally increases artificial subjective errors.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the concrete Vibrio consistometer and the use method thereof, which are simple and quick to operate, can greatly reduce the influence of human factors and ensure the accuracy of detection data.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a concrete Vibrio consistometer comprises a container, a vibrating table, a disc, a timing display, pits, a pore canal, a piezoelectric wafer, a fuse and a timing module;
the container is fixedly arranged on the vibrating table and is used for containing cement concrete mixture to be tested; a plurality of pits are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the disc, the bottoms of the pits are provided with pore channels communicated with the upper surface, and the disc is matched with the container;
the timing display comprises piezoelectric wafers, fuses and a timing module, wherein the piezoelectric wafers and the pore channels are arranged at the upper ends of the pore channels in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and all the piezoelectric wafers are connected in series and then connected with the fuses and the timing module in series to form a detection loop.
Preferably, the timing module comprises a timer and a memory, the timer is connected in series in the detection loop, and the memory is connected with the output end of the timer.
Preferably, the piezoelectric wafer is made of quartz crystal.
Preferably, the timing display further comprises a load resistor connected in series with the piezoelectric chip, the fuse and the timing module.
Preferably, the timing display further comprises a bulb in series with the piezoelectric chip, the fuse and the timing module.
Preferably, the precision of the timing display is 0.01s.
Preferably, the pits are round and have the same diameter, and the pore channels and the pits are coaxially arranged.
Preferably, the device also comprises a slump cone, a load block, a slide bar, a sleeve, a rotating frame and a funnel;
the container is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the upper table surface of the vibrating table, a slump cone is arranged in the container, and the slump cone is higher than the upper surface of the container;
the rotating frame is vertically arranged on one side of the vibrating table, the sleeve is vertically fixed on one side of the rotating frame, the sliding rod and the sleeve are arranged in a sliding manner, the load block is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the sliding rod, and the load block is fixed with the timing display;
the funnel sets up the opposite side at the swivel mount, and can with the upper end contact cooperation of slump section of thick bamboo.
Further, the rotary rack is fixedly arranged with the upright post through bolts;
the vibrating table and the container are fixed through nuts, and the sliding rod is fixed through screws and sleeves.
The application method of the concrete Vibrio consistometer based on any one of the concrete Vibrio consistometer comprises the following steps of,
step 1, pouring a cement concrete mixture to be tested into a container, tamping and strickling the cement concrete mixture to be tested, and enabling the lower surface of the disc to be in contact with the cement concrete mixture to be tested;
step 2, starting a vibrating table, and enabling cement concrete mixture to be tested to impact a piezoelectric wafer from bottom to top through a pore canal arranged in a disc, wherein the piezoelectric wafer generates positive piezoelectric effect;
and 3, after all the piezoelectric wafers are impacted by the cement concrete mixture to be tested, the fuse is fused, the circuit is disconnected, the timing module stops timing, and the time is displayed by the timing display.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the concrete Vibrio consistometer, the vibration energy of the vibration table can splash the cement concrete mixture to be measured in the container to the piezoelectric wafer contacted with the disk through the pore canal of the disk, the piezoelectric wafer is equivalent to the piezoelectric wafer which is acted by external force, current can be generated according to the positive piezoelectric effect to enable the timing display to work, when all the piezoelectric wafers are excited, and all the piezoelectric wafers are connected in series, the electric energy in the timing display can reach a critical value, a fuse can be fused, at the moment, a circuit is disconnected, the timer can stop timing, the time value at the moment is stored in the memory, the time value can be displayed through the display, the problem of manual timing is effectively solved, the automatic effect can be achieved, the experimental efficiency is improved, the influence of human factors is greatly reduced by utilizing the closed circuit reading time, and the accuracy of detected data is further ensured.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric wafer is made of quartz crystal, and the dielectric constant and the temperature stability of the piezoelectric constant of quartz are good, so that the accuracy of testing is facilitated, and the testing efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, a load resistor is arranged in the closed circuit, so that safety accidents caused by overlarge current in the fuse fusing instant circuit can be prevented.
Further, the closed circuit is provided with the bulb, when the bulb is on, the cement mixture is not fully paved on the whole disc, and when the bulb is off, the vibration device can be immediately turned off, so that the end of the experiment can be conveniently judged.
Further, the accuracy of the traditional concrete wibro consistometer is only 1s when the time is counted by a stopwatch, and the accuracy can be greatly increased by adopting a closed circuit for counting.
According to the application method of the concrete Vibrio consistometer, cement concrete mixture to be tested in the container is splashed to the piezoelectric wafers contacted with the disc through the pore canal of the disc by vibration of the vibration table, and a plurality of piezoelectric wafers are often connected in series for use in a timing display because a single piezoelectric wafer is difficult to generate enough surface charge. When the cement concrete mixture to be tested is sprayed out from the pore canal, the timing display starts to work, when all piezoelectric wafers are excited and are connected in series, the electric energy in the timing display can reach a critical value, at the moment, the fuse is fused, the circuit is disconnected, the timer stops timing, the memory stores the time value at that time, and the time value can be displayed through the display.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a Vibroconsistometer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the disk of the wibro consistometer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal closed circuit of the timing display of the wibro consistometer of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the piezoelectric wafer stress operation of the wibro consistometer of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-container, 2-vibrating table, 3-vibrator, 4-nut, 5-slump cone, 6-disc, 7-timing display, 8-load block, 9-slide bar, 10-sleeve, 11-screw, 12-rotating rack, 13-funnel, 14-bolt, 15-column, 16-pit, 17-orifice, 18-piezoelectric wafer, 19-fuse, 20-load resistor, 21-bulb, 22-timing module, 23-timer, 24-memory.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate but do not limit the invention.
According to the concrete Vibrio consistometer disclosed by the invention, as shown in fig. 1, a container 1 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the upper table surface of a vibrating table 2 and is used for containing cement concrete mixture to be measured; the vibrating tables 2 are connected by springs, the vibrator 3 is arranged right below the container 1 and is fixedly connected by nuts 4, and in the preferred scheme, the nuts 4 are shoe-shaped gold ingot nuts. The container 1 is internally provided with a slump cone 5, and the slump cone 5 is higher than the upper surface of the container 1. A plurality of pits 16 are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the disc 6, the bottoms of the pits 16 are provided with pore channels 17 communicated with the upper surface, and the disc 6 is matched with the container 1.
As shown in fig. 3, a timing display 7 is fixedly arranged on the disc 6, the timing display 7 comprises a piezoelectric wafer 18, a fuse 19 and a timing module 22, the piezoelectric wafer 18 and the pore 17 are arranged at the upper end of the pore 17 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and all the piezoelectric wafers 18 are connected in series and then connected in series with the fuse 19 and the timing module 22 to form a detection loop. The accuracy of the timing display 7 is 0.01s, the piezoelectric wafer 18 is made of quartz crystal, and all piezoelectric wafers are connected in series to form an external power supply. The timing module 22 internally comprises a timer 23 and a storage 24, the timer 23 is connected in series in the detection loop, and the storage 24 is connected with the output end of the timer 23. In the embodiment, a programmable timing chip is installed in the timing display 7, and the model is NE555P; the piezoelectric wafer 18 is 18F-PZT-44 and has dimensions of phi 8 x 2 in mm.
As shown in fig. 2, the disc 6 is made of plastic, the bottom of the disc is uniformly distributed with compact and same-sized pits 16, the pits 16 are round and have the same diameter, the pore channels 17 are arranged coaxially with the pits 16, the number of the pits 16 is determined by the area of the disc 6, and 35 pits 16 can be set for the plastic disc 6 with the diameter of 230 mm.
The revolving rack 12 is vertically arranged on one side of the vibrating table 2, the sleeve 10 is vertically fixed on one side of the revolving rack 12, the sliding rod 9 is arranged in a sliding way through the screw 11 and the sleeve 10, the sliding rod 9 does not generate open motion, and is not tightened, so that the disc 6 is driven to be just contacted with the surface of the cement concrete mixture to be tested. The load blocks 8 with different load sizes are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the sliding rod 9, and all the load blocks 8 are fixed and then fixed with the timing display 7; the funnel 13 is provided on the other side of the rotating frame 12 and is capable of contacting and mating with the upper end of the slump cone 5. After all the weight blocks 8, the disc 6, the sliding rod 9 and the timing display 7 reach 2750g required by experimental standards, the slump cone 5 is placed in the container 1, the rotary frame 12 is rotated, the bottom of the funnel 13 is sleeved on the slump cone 5, and the rotary frame 12, the upright post 15 and the vibrating table 2 are fixed through bolts 14.
The container 1 is a metal cylinder, and in the preferred scheme, the metal is iron or steel, and the metal is watertight and has certain rigidity, so that pollution to experimental environment caused by mixed sewage due to splashing of cement paste around can be avoided. Handles are arranged on two sides of the cylinder 1, so that an experimenter can conveniently lift the slump cone 5 and observe the contact condition of the disc 6 with the scraped surface of the cement concrete mixture to be measured in the descending process. The nuts 4 are connected to the vibration table 2 at both outer side portions of the container 1 to prevent vibration and separate the container 1 from the vibration table 2. The slump cone 5 is a metal truncated cone, and handles are arranged on two sides outside the slump cone 5. When the vibration switch is turned on, the vibrator 3 vibrates, and the vibrator and the spring make the cement concrete mixture to be measured in the slump cone 5 vibrate fully.
Quartz wafers are a piezoelectric material with spontaneous electrical and positive piezoelectric effects. The self-generating means that when the piezoelectric element is stressed, the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy, which is equivalent to a power supply, and the closed loop is in a passage state. The positive piezoelectric effect means that when the crystal is subjected to an external force in a fixed direction, an electric polarization phenomenon is generated inside the crystal, and charges with opposite signs are generated on two surfaces; when the external force is removed, the crystal is restored to the uncharged state, and the closed loop is in the open-circuit state. The piezoelectric wafer is a key element for mechanical energy-electric conversion, has positive piezoelectric effect, is made of quartz crystal, and has good temperature stability of dielectric and piezoelectric constants. In general, a piezoelectric sensor for force-electricity conversion is directly manufactured by adopting double or multiple quartz crystals as piezoelectric elements.
As shown in fig. 4, when the piezoelectric wafer 18 is subjected to an external force in a fixed direction, an electric polarization phenomenon is generated inside, and charges of opposite signs are generated on both surfaces; when the external force is removed, the crystal 18 returns to the uncharged state; when the direction of the external force is changed, the polarity of the electric charge is changed.
The invention relates to a method for using a concrete Vibrio consistometer, which comprises the following steps,
step 1, fixing a container 1 on a vibrating table 2 by using a nut 4, putting a wet slump cone 5, pouring a cement concrete mixture to be tested into the slump cone 5, tamping and scraping the mixture into three layers, adjusting a bolt 14, rotating a funnel 13, lifting the slump cone 5 by using a handle, slowly sliding a disc 6 to be above the cement concrete mixture to be tested by using a sliding rod 9, enabling the lower surface of the disc 6 to be in full contact with the cement concrete mixture to be tested, and screwing the bolt 14;
step 2, starting the vibration table 2, wherein cement impacts the piezoelectric wafer 18 from bottom to top through the pore canal 17 of the disc 6, the piezoelectric wafer 18 is equivalent to being subjected to external force, the piezoelectric wafer 18 generates positive piezoelectric effect, current is generated according to the piezoelectric effect, when a single piezoelectric wafer 18 generates current, the bulb 21 emits light, and the timer 23 is started;
step 3, when all the channels 17 have the cement concrete mixing slurry to be tested, it indicates that the piezoelectric chip 18 is excited, and because of the series connection, the generated current reaches a critical value, so that the fuse 19 is fused, at this time, the detection circuit is disconnected, the timer 23 stops timing, the memory 24 stores the time value at that time, the time value is displayed by the timing display 7, and the added load resistor 20 plays a role of protecting the circuit at this time.
In this embodiment, the current generated when a single piezoelectric wafer 18 is stressed is 0.15A, and the maximum current generated when 35 all piezoelectric wafers are stressed is 5.25A; memory 24 is a timing type memory, model number CDCR83ADBQ.
After the instrument is measured, the bulb 21 is automatically extinguished, and the switch of the vibrator 3 is turned off. Finally, the power plug is pulled out, and the experiment is ended. After each measurement, the container 1, the slump cone 5 and the disc 6 must be cleaned and wiped dry, and the slide bar 9 is coated with thin film butter for the next use. Since the timing display 7 includes a memory 24, two sets of experiments can be performed to average the results. In the experiment, the Vibrio consistencies of two groups of cement concrete mixtures with low plasticity are measured, wherein the first numerical value is 8.11s, the second numerical value is 8.43s, and the average value is 8.27s, so that the Vibrio consistometer for the concrete can be used for precisely reaching 0.01s, and the phenomenon that the traditional micro-bob consistometer cannot meet the requirement of timing precision and generates rounding is avoided, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment.
The invention utilizes the self-generating characteristic of the piezoelectric wafer, can form a power supply to generate current under the condition of external force, so that the timer can automatically count time and accurately read consistency time, the on-site manual timing is not needed, errors caused when people subjectively define cement paste to be fully distributed on the disc are reduced, the interference of people to a laboratory temperature field and other environmental factors is also reduced, and the operation is simple and quick, and the measurement accuracy is high.
It is obvious that the person skilled in the art can make various modifications and variants to the invention without departing from the scope of implementation of the invention, such as the idea of the inside of the circuit, fine adjustment of the sliding bar, which modifications and variants are within the scope of the equivalent technology of the invention, which also includes these modifications and variants.
Claims (6)
1. The concrete wibro consistometer is characterized by comprising a container (1), a vibrating table (2), a disc (6), a timing display (7), pits (16), a pore canal (17), a piezoelectric wafer (18), a fuse (19) and a timing module (22);
the container (1) is fixedly arranged on the vibrating table (2) and is used for containing cement concrete mixture to be tested; a plurality of pits (16) are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the disc (6), the bottoms of the pits (16) are provided with pore channels (17) communicated with the upper surface, and the disc (6) is matched with the container (1);
a timing display (7) is fixedly arranged on the disc (6), the timing display (7) comprises piezoelectric wafers (18), fuses (19) and a timing module (22), the piezoelectric wafers (18) and the pore channels (17) are arranged at the upper ends of the pore channels (17) in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and all the piezoelectric wafers (18) are connected in series and then connected in series with the fuses (19) and the timing module (22) to form a detection loop;
the piezoelectric wafer (18) is made of quartz crystal;
the timing display (7) also comprises a load resistor (20) and a bulb (21) which are connected in series with the piezoelectric chip (18), the fuse wire (19) and the timing module (22);
the device also comprises a slump cone (5), a loading block (8), a sliding rod (9), a sleeve (10), a rotating frame (12) and a funnel (13);
the container (1) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the upper table surface of the vibrating table (2), a slump cone (5) is arranged in the container (1), and the slump cone (5) is higher than the upper surface of the container (1);
the rotating frame (12) is vertically arranged on one side of the vibrating table (2), the sleeve (10) is vertically fixed on one side of the rotating frame (12), the sliding rod (9) and the sleeve (10) are arranged in a sliding mode, the load block (8) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the sliding rod (9), and the load block (8) is fixedly connected with the timing display (7);
the funnel (13) is arranged at the other side of the rotary frame (12) and can be in contact fit with the upper end of the slump cone (5);
when all the piezoelectric wafers (18) are impacted by the cement concrete mixture to be tested, the fuse (19) is fused, the circuit is broken, the timing module (22) stops timing, and the time is displayed by the timing display (7).
2. A concrete wibro consistometer according to claim 1, wherein the timing module (22) comprises a timer (23) and a memory (24), the timer (23) being connected in series in the detection circuit, the memory (24) being connected to the output of the timer (23).
3. A concrete wibro consistometer according to claim 1, wherein the accuracy of the timing display (7) is 0.01s.
4. A concrete wibro consistometer according to claim 1, wherein the pits (16) are circular and of the same diameter, and the channels (17) are arranged coaxially with the pits (16).
5. A concrete wibro consistometer according to claim 1, further comprising a column (15), the rotating frame (12) being fixedly arranged with the column (15) by means of bolts (14);
the vibrating table (2) and the container (1) are fixed through nuts (4), and the sliding rod (9) is fixed through screws (11) and sleeves (10).
6. A method for using a concrete Vibrio consistometer, characterized in that it is based on a concrete Vibrio consistometer according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of,
pouring a cement concrete mixture to be tested into a container (1), tamping and strickling, and enabling the lower surface of a disc (6) to be in contact with the cement concrete mixture to be tested;
step 2, starting the vibrating table (2), and enabling the cement concrete mixture to be tested to impact the piezoelectric wafer (18) from bottom to top through the pore canal (17) arranged in the disc (6), wherein the piezoelectric wafer (18) generates positive piezoelectric effect;
and 3, after all the piezoelectric wafers (18) are impacted by the cement concrete mixture to be tested, the fuse (19) is fused, the circuit is disconnected, the timing module (22) stops timing, and the time is displayed by the timing display (7).
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| CN110879190A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Portable working degree tester and testing method for working degree of cemented sand gravel |
| CN112630101B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-04 | 南京兴盛德水泥有限公司 | Cement mortar fluidity detection system capable of improving detection effect |
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| CN108801336A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-11-13 | 东南大学 | A kind of method of piezoelectric-array monitoring vehicle speed and load-carrying |
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