CN109457725B - H-shaped concrete plate assembled ecological retaining wall - Google Patents
H-shaped concrete plate assembled ecological retaining wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN109457725B CN109457725B CN201811561602.9A CN201811561602A CN109457725B CN 109457725 B CN109457725 B CN 109457725B CN 201811561602 A CN201811561602 A CN 201811561602A CN 109457725 B CN109457725 B CN 109457725B
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 303
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0283—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features of mixed type
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Retaining Walls (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an H-shaped concrete slab assembled ecological retaining wall, and belongs to the technical fields of building engineering and municipal facilities. Pouring concrete at different positions between different layers of H-shaped concrete plates, filling first-type filling soil and second-type filling soil, and keeping continuity of the first-type filling soil, the second-type filling soil and original soil. The invention has the advantages of saving templates, improving construction conditions during manufacturing, improving labor productivity, accelerating construction progress and ensuring engineering quality. The standardization, the frivolity and the universalization of the assembled concrete retaining wall are realized. The anchoring performance, the integrity, the stability and the safety performance of the concrete retaining wall are obviously improved, the cost is low, and the engineering quality is easy to ensure. In addition, each part of soil has higher continuity, and the ecological retaining wall is built.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building engineering and municipal facilities, and particularly relates to an H-shaped concrete slab assembled ecological retaining wall.
Background
Slope engineering is particularly important in the whole large civil engineering because of large slope engineering quantity, large technical difficulty and high accident rate. The slope engineering object is rock mass or soil mass which is naturally generated and cannot be manufactured artificially, and the slope engineering object is characterized in that: the nature varies from place to place and from time to time; human knowledge is not exhaustive; mechanical parameters cannot be accurately provided; the design level varies from person to person. These characteristics present great difficulties for engineering construction, as a result of which: the rock-soil mass is not mastered properly, and the accident rate is high (according to the knowledge, the side slope accident rate accounts for about 70 percent in the construction engineering); the design schemes are different, and the cost difference is large; the geological conditions are greatly changed, and an economic and reasonable slope support method is lacked in many cases.
At present, the structural bodies adopted in the high filling side slope treatment mainly comprise: cantilever pile retaining walls, anchor pile retaining walls, gravity retaining walls, reinforced earth retaining walls, inclined pile self-balancing retaining walls, and the like. Wherein: when the gravity type retaining wall is higher than 8 meters, the engineering cost is increased rapidly, and the economical efficiency is particularly poor for the high retaining wall; the bending moment of the cantilever pile retaining wall is the largest of all structural types, so the cost is very high; for tall retaining walls, in contrast, the cost of the anchor pile retaining wall is lower than the former two, while the cost of the inclined pile self-balancing retaining wall is the lowest, so in recent years both retaining walls have been widely used. Among them, the anchor pile retaining wall needs to have anchor conditions, while the inclined pile self-balancing retaining wall does not depend on the anchor conditions, and has great advantages in the aspects of economy and geological condition adaptation. The key of the inclined pile self-balancing retaining wall technology is as follows: slope thrust is reduced by adopting inclined pile support; the reverse bending moment generated by the gravity of the upper retaining wall is adopted to balance the thrust bending moment of the side slope. The structure has the characteristics of reasonable stress, greatly reduces the construction cost of the side slope engineering, and has very little dependence on geological conditions, so the applicability is very strong. Also, due to this construction, the slope is required to have a slope (typically 20 degrees from plumb line), which means that the slope supports take up space. However, some slope projects without a slope space have limited application of the self-balancing retaining wall with inclined piles. The retaining wall is a structure for supporting the soil of the roadbed or the hillside soil and preventing the deformation and instability of the soil or the soil.
Unlike reinforced concrete buttress retaining wall cast-in-situ integrally, the prefabricated retaining wall panel has the unique advantages of shorter assembly period and easy control of the prefabrication construction quality due to the adoption of factory standard prefabrication and field installation construction modes. In particular to construction of a road shoulder retaining wall in the large and medium-sized urban road-level bridge approach period, which is short in construction period. The limitations of surrounding structures necessitate the use of fabricated retaining walls for construction. In addition, for those areas where the foundation conditions are poor and stone is lacking, the use of a fabricated retaining wall is the best choice because it requires walls that are light and small, occupy less space and have low foundation bearing capacity.
The fabricated retaining wall can shorten the construction period of engineering, so that the construction of the fabricated retaining wall has less negative influence on the surrounding social environment and the ecological environment, and the traffic pressure of urban road construction can be relieved, thereby having important promotion effect on the construction of a low-carbon conservation-oriented society.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of assembly, universalization, ecologization and the like of a concrete retaining wall, and provides an H-shaped concrete slab assembly type ecological retaining wall, wherein concrete is poured at different positions among H-shaped concrete slabs of different layers, first-class filling soil and second-class filling soil are filled, and continuity of the first-class filling soil, the second-class filling soil and original soil is kept; and further remarkably improves the integrity and stability of the fabricated concrete retaining wall.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an H-shaped concrete slab fabricated ecological retaining wall, comprising:
main wall: the horizontal connecting transverse rib is formed by stacking a plurality of H-shaped concrete plates up and down, wherein the bottom of the outer layer concrete plate of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate is arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal connecting transverse rib of the lower layer H-shaped concrete plate; the top of the inner layer concrete slab of the next layer of H-shaped concrete slab is propped against the lower surface of the horizontal connecting transverse rib of the upper layer of H-shaped concrete slab;
the outer layer concrete plate below the horizontal connecting transverse rib of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate is close to the inner layer concrete plate above the horizontal connecting transverse rib of the lower layer H-shaped concrete plate, and the distance between the outer layer concrete plate and the inner layer concrete plate is 100-300 mm;
the spacing b between the outer layer concrete plate of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate and the inner layer concrete plate of the lower layer H-shaped concrete plate is one third to two thirds of the spacing a between the outer layer concrete plate and the inner layer concrete plate of the same H-shaped concrete plate;
the distance between the outer layer concrete plate of the middle H-shaped concrete plate and the outer layer concrete plate of the upper H-shaped concrete plate is equal to the distance between the inner layer concrete plate of the middle H-shaped concrete plate and the inner layer concrete plate of the lower H-shaped concrete plate, and the two distances are c;
first kind of filling soil: filling first-class filling soil between an inner layer concrete slab of the lower H-shaped concrete slab and an inner layer concrete slab of the upper H-shaped concrete slab; filling first-class filling soil between an inner layer concrete slab of the H-shaped concrete slab except the top layer and the bottom layer and slope-shaped raw soil of the soil-retaining and slope-protecting soil;
filling soil of the second kind: filling second-type filling soil between the outer layer concrete slab of the lower H-shaped concrete slab and the outer layer concrete slab of the upper H-shaped concrete slab; filling the second type of filling soil into the upper cavity of the H-shaped concrete slab on the top layer; filling second-type filling soil with the same depth as that in an upper cavity of the H-type concrete slab on the top layer between the H-type concrete slab on the top layer and slope-shaped raw soil of the retained slope;
the second type of filling soil filled between the outer layer concrete plate of the middle layer H-shaped concrete plate and the outer layer concrete plate of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate is overlapped and communicated with the first type of filling soil filled between the inner layer concrete plate of the middle layer H-shaped concrete plate and the inner layer concrete plate of the lower layer H-shaped concrete plate at the slurry passing soil connecting hole of the middle layer H-shaped concrete plate, and the overlapped and communicated part is filled with the second type of filling soil;
base cast-in-place concrete: pouring substrate cast-in-place concrete downwards at the position of the slurry-passing soil connecting hole of the H-shaped concrete slab at the bottom layer, wherein the substrate cast-in-place concrete fills the lower cavity of the H-shaped concrete slab at the bottom layer and the slurry-passing soil connecting hole, and the substrate cast-in-place concrete poured on site is as high as the top surface of the horizontal connecting transverse rib of the H-shaped concrete slab at the bottom layer;
cast-in-place concrete between plates: the lower connecting reinforcing teeth of the upper H-shaped concrete slab are opposite to the upper connecting reinforcing teeth of the lower H-shaped concrete slab; pouring inter-plate cast-in-place concrete between the opposite lower connecting reinforcing teeth and the upper connecting reinforcing teeth until the top surface of the horizontal connecting transverse rib of the upper layer of H-shaped concrete slab is poured;
digging a ditch downwards at the original soil outside the slope-shaped original soil of the retained slope protection, wherein the width of the ditch is the width of the H-shaped concrete slab, and the depth of the ditch is one half to two thirds of the height of the H-shaped concrete slab;
connecting anchoring ribs on the anchoring rib embedded connecting rings in the middle of the inner layer concrete plates of all layers of H-shaped concrete plates except the bottom layer, wherein the anchoring ribs extend downwards obliquely to slope-shaped raw soil of the protected slope, and the horizontal downward inclination angle of the anchoring ribs is 20-50 degrees;
the H-shaped concrete plate assembly type ecological retaining wall adopts the same H-shaped concrete plates.
Further, the H-shaped concrete slab comprises an outer layer concrete slab, an inner layer concrete slab, a horizontal connection transverse rib, a lower connection reinforcing tooth, an upper connection reinforcing tooth, an anchoring rib embedded connecting ring, a lower cavity, an upper cavity and a slurry passing soil connecting hole;
one side surface of the H-shaped concrete plate is an outer-layer concrete plate, the other side surface of the H-shaped concrete plate is an inner-layer concrete plate, the outer-layer concrete plate is positioned at one side far away from the soil-retaining and slope-protecting side, the inner-layer concrete plate is positioned at one side close to the soil-retaining and slope-protecting side, the outer-layer concrete plate and the inner-layer concrete plate are rectangular concrete plates, and the outer-layer concrete plate and the inner-layer concrete plate are identical in shape and are opposite to each other; a plurality of evenly distributed horizontal connection transverse ribs are arranged between the outer layer concrete plate and the inner layer concrete plate to connect the outer layer concrete plate and the inner layer concrete plate, the horizontal connection transverse ribs, the outer layer concrete plate and the inner layer concrete plate on the upper part of the horizontal connection transverse ribs form an upper cavity, the horizontal connection transverse ribs, the outer layer concrete plate and the inner layer concrete plate on the lower part of the horizontal connection transverse ribs form a lower cavity, slurry-passing soil-connecting holes are formed between the two horizontal connection transverse ribs, and the width of the slurry-passing soil-connecting holes is 4-8 times that of the horizontal connection transverse ribs; the inner side surface of the outer layer concrete slab below the horizontal connecting transverse rib is provided with lower connecting reinforcing teeth which are vertical rectangular bulges uniformly distributed; the upper connecting reinforcing teeth are arranged on the inner side surface of the inner layer concrete slab above the horizontal connecting transverse ribs and are vertical rectangular protrusions which are uniformly distributed;
the outside of inlayer concrete slab and the position that the horizontal connection transverse rib corresponds set up 1~3 anchor muscle pre-buried go-between, and anchor muscle pre-buried go-between is the reinforcing bar of one end area ring, and the one end of anchor muscle pre-buried go-between ring area ring exposes in the outside, and the pre-buried go-between of anchor muscle does not take in inlayer concrete slab and the horizontal connection transverse rib of the one end of ring.
Further, the first kind of filling soil is one of pebbles, gravel sand, coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand, silt soil, silty clay and low-plasticity clay.
Further, the second type of filling soil is planting soil, and the volume ratio of the planting soil is as follows: 40-50% of mineral content, 4-6% of organic matters, 18-22% of air and 25-35% of water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the advantages of saving templates, improving construction conditions during manufacturing, improving labor productivity, accelerating construction progress and ensuring engineering quality. The standardization, the frivolity and the universalization of the assembled concrete retaining wall are realized. The anchoring performance, the integrity, the stability and the safety performance of the concrete retaining wall are obviously improved, the cost is low, and the engineering quality is easy to ensure. In addition, each part of soil has higher continuity, and the ecological retaining wall is built. The foundation cast-in-place concrete and the cast-in-place concrete between the plates enable the retaining wall to be simple to operate and remarkably improve the integrity. The retaining wall does not need additional matching blocks, saves materials and can accelerate construction progress. The soil filling exposed outside of the retaining wall is planting soil, so that space can be effectively utilized, and ecology is maintained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an H-type concrete slab assembled ecological retaining wall.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of an H-shaped concrete slab.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of an H-type concrete slab.
In the figure: 1 is slope-shaped raw soil; 2 is a first type of filling; 3 is a second type of filling soil; 4 is an H-shaped concrete slab; 5 is an anchoring rib; 6, casting concrete on the substrate; 7, casting concrete between the plates; 8 is raw soil outside the slope; 4-1 is an outer layer concrete slab; 4-2 is an inner layer concrete slab; 4-3 is a horizontal connecting transverse rib; 4-4 is a lower connecting reinforcing tooth; 4-5 is upper connecting reinforcing teeth; 4-6 are anchoring rib embedded connecting rings; 4-7 is a lower cavity; 4-8 is an upper cavity; 4-9 are slurry-passing soil-connecting holes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples for further illustration of the invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Examples: as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an H-type concrete slab assembled ecological retaining wall includes:
main wall: the horizontal connecting transverse rib is formed by stacking a plurality of H-shaped concrete plates 4 up and down, wherein the bottom of an outer layer concrete plate 4-1 of an upper layer H-shaped concrete plate 4 is arranged on the upper surface of a horizontal connecting transverse rib 4-3 of a lower layer H-shaped concrete plate 4; the top of the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 of the next layer H-shaped concrete plate 4 is propped against the lower surface of the horizontal connecting transverse rib 4-3 of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate 4;
the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 below the horizontal connection transverse rib 4-3 of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate 4 is close to the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 above the horizontal connection transverse rib 4-3 of the lower layer H-shaped concrete plate 4, and the distance between the two is 100-300 mm;
the spacing b between the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate 4 and the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 of the lower layer H-shaped concrete plate 4 is one third to two thirds of the spacing a between the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 and the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 of the same H-shaped concrete plate 4;
the spacing between the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 of the middle H-shaped concrete plate 4 and the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 of the upper H-shaped concrete plate 4 is equal to the spacing between the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 of the middle H-shaped concrete plate 4 and the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 of the lower H-shaped concrete plate 4, and the two spacing are both c;
first kind fill 2: filling the first type filling soil 2 between the inner layer concrete slab 4-2 of the lower layer H-shaped concrete slab 4 and the inner layer concrete slab 4-2 of the upper layer H-shaped concrete slab 4; filling first-class filling soil 2 between an inner layer concrete plate 4-2 of the H-shaped concrete plate 4 except the top layer and the bottom layer and slope-shaped raw soil 1 of the protected slope;
second-kind filling 3: filling the second type filling soil 3 between the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 of the lower layer H-shaped concrete plate 4 and the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate 4; filling the upper cavity 4-8 of the H-shaped concrete slab 4 on the top layer with second-type filling soil 3; filling a second type of filling soil 3 with the same depth as the upper cavity 4-8 of the top H-shaped concrete slab 4 between the top H-shaped concrete slab 4 and the slope-shaped raw soil 1 of the retained slope;
the second type filling soil 3 filled between the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 of the middle layer H-shaped concrete plate 4 and the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate 4 is overlapped and communicated with the first type filling soil 2 filled between the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 of the middle layer H-shaped concrete plate 4 and the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 of the lower layer H-shaped concrete plate 4, and the overlapped and communicated parts are filled with the second type filling soil 3 at the position of the slurry passing and soil connecting hole 4-9 of the middle layer H-shaped concrete plate 4;
base cast-in-place concrete 6: pouring substrate cast-in-place concrete 6 downwards at the position of the slurry passing and soil connecting hole 4-9 of the bottom H-shaped concrete plate 4, wherein the substrate cast-in-place concrete 6 is filled with the lower cavity 4-7 and the slurry passing and soil connecting hole 4-9 of the bottom H-shaped concrete plate 4, and the top surfaces of the horizontal connecting transverse ribs 4-3 of the bottom H-shaped concrete plate 4 and the substrate cast-in-place concrete 6 which are poured in situ are the same height;
cast-in-place concrete between plates 7: the lower connecting reinforcement teeth 4-4 of the upper H-shaped concrete plate 4 are opposite to the upper connecting reinforcement teeth 4-5 of the lower H-shaped concrete plate 4; pouring inter-plate cast-in-place concrete 7 between the opposite lower connecting reinforcing teeth 4-4 and the upper connecting reinforcing teeth 4-5 until the top surface of the horizontal connecting transverse rib 4-3 of the upper layer of H-shaped concrete slab 4 is poured;
ditching downwards at the position of the original soil 8 outside the slope-shaped original soil 1 of the retained slope protection, wherein the width of the ditches is the width of the H-shaped concrete plates 4, and the depth of the ditches is one half to two thirds of the height of the H-shaped concrete plates 4;
connecting anchoring ribs 5 on the anchoring rib embedded connecting rings 4-6 in the middle of the inner layer concrete plates 4-2 of all layers of H-shaped concrete plates 4 except the bottom layer, wherein the anchoring ribs 5 extend obliquely downwards to the slope-shaped raw soil 1 of the protected slope, and the horizontal downward inclination angle of the anchoring ribs 5 is 20-50 degrees;
the H-shaped concrete plate assembly type ecological retaining walls all adopt the same H-shaped concrete plate 4.
The H-shaped concrete slab 4 comprises an outer layer concrete slab 4-1, an inner layer concrete slab 4-2, a horizontal connection transverse rib 4-3, a lower connection reinforcing tooth 4-4, an upper connection reinforcing tooth 4-5, an anchoring rib embedded connection ring 4-6, a lower cavity 4-7, an upper cavity 4-8 and a slurry passing soil connecting hole 4-9;
one side surface of the H-shaped concrete plate 4 is an outer layer concrete plate 4-1, the other side surface of the H-shaped concrete plate 4 is an inner layer concrete plate 4-2, the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 is positioned at one side far away from the protected slope, the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 is positioned at one side close to the protected slope, and the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 and the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 are rectangular concrete plates which are identical in shape and are opposite to each other; a plurality of evenly distributed horizontal connection transverse ribs 4-3 are arranged between the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 and the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 to connect the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 and the inner layer concrete plate 4-2, the horizontal connection transverse ribs 4-3 and the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 and the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 on the upper part form an upper cavity 4-8, the horizontal connection transverse ribs 4-3 and the outer layer concrete plate 4-1 and the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 on the lower part form a lower cavity 4-7, slurry passing soil connecting holes 4-9 are formed between the two horizontal connection transverse ribs 4-3, and the width of the slurry passing soil connecting holes 4-9 is 4-8 times that of the horizontal connection transverse ribs 4-3; the inner side surface of the outer layer concrete slab 4-1 below the horizontal connection transverse rib 4-3 is provided with lower connection reinforcing teeth 4-4, and the lower connection reinforcing teeth 4-4 are vertical rectangular bulges which are uniformly distributed; the inner side surface of the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 above the horizontal connecting transverse rib 4-3 is provided with upper connecting reinforcing teeth 4-5, and the upper connecting reinforcing teeth 4-5 are vertical rectangular bulges which are uniformly distributed;
1-3 anchor bar pre-buried connecting rings 4-6 are arranged at positions, corresponding to the horizontal connecting transverse ribs 4-3, on the outer side of the inner layer concrete plate 4-2, the anchor bar pre-buried connecting rings 4-6 are steel bars with circular rings at one ends, with the circular rings, of the anchor bar pre-buried connecting rings 4-6 are exposed outside, and one ends, without the circular rings, of the anchor bar pre-buried connecting rings 4-6 are pre-buried in the inner layer concrete plate 4-2 and the horizontal connecting transverse ribs 4-3.
The first type of filling soil 2 is one of pebbles, gravel sand, coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand, silt clay and low-plasticity clay.
The second type of filling soil 3 is planting soil, and the volume ratio of the planting soil is as follows: 40-50% of mineral content, 4-6% of organic matters, 18-22% of air and 25-35% of water.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An H-shaped concrete slab assembled ecological retaining wall is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
main wall: the concrete slab is formed by stacking a plurality of H-shaped concrete slabs (4) up and down, and the bottom of an outer layer concrete slab (4-1) of an upper layer H-shaped concrete slab (4) is arranged on the upper surface of a horizontal connection transverse rib (4-3) of a lower layer H-shaped concrete slab (4); the top of an inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of the next layer H-shaped concrete plate (4) is propped against the lower surface of a horizontal connecting transverse rib (4-3) of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate (4);
an outer layer concrete plate (4-1) below the horizontal connection transverse rib (4-3) of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate (4) is close to an inner layer concrete plate (4-2) above the horizontal connection transverse rib (4-3) of the lower layer H-shaped concrete plate (4), and the distance between the two concrete plates is 100-300 mm;
the distance b between the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate (4) and the inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of the lower layer H-shaped concrete plate (4) is one third to two thirds of the distance a between the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) and the inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of the same H-shaped concrete plate (4);
the distance between the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) of the middle H-shaped concrete plate (4) and the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) of the upper H-shaped concrete plate (4) is equal to the distance between the inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of the middle H-shaped concrete plate (4) and the inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of the lower H-shaped concrete plate (4), and the two distances are c;
first kind of filling (2): filling first-class filling soil (2) between an inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of a lower layer H-shaped concrete plate (4) and an inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of an upper layer H-shaped concrete plate (4); filling first-class filling soil (2) between an inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of the H-shaped concrete plate (4) except the top layer and the bottom layer and slope-shaped raw soil (1) of the protected slope;
second kind of filling (3): filling the second type filling soil (3) between the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) of the next layer H-shaped concrete plate (4) and the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) of the upper layer H-shaped concrete plate (4); filling the upper cavity (4-8) of the H-shaped concrete slab (4) on the top layer with second-type filling soil (3); filling a second type of filling soil (3) with the same depth as the upper cavity (4-8) of the top-layer H-shaped concrete slab (4) between the top-layer H-shaped concrete slab (4) and slope-shaped raw soil (1) of a protected slope;
the method comprises the steps that second type filling soil (3) filled between an outer layer concrete plate (4-1) of an intermediate layer H-shaped concrete plate (4) and an outer layer concrete plate (4-1) of an upper layer H-shaped concrete plate (4) is overlapped and communicated with first type filling soil (2) filled between an inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of the intermediate layer H-shaped concrete plate (4) and an inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of a lower layer H-shaped concrete plate (4) at a position of a slurry passing and soil connecting hole (4-9) of the intermediate layer H-shaped concrete plate (4), and overlapped and communicated parts are filled with the second type filling soil (3);
base cast-in-place concrete (6): pouring substrate cast-in-place concrete (6) downwards at the over-grouting soil connecting hole (4-9) of the bottom H-shaped concrete plate (4), wherein the substrate cast-in-place concrete (6) is filled with the lower cavity (4-7) of the bottom H-shaped concrete plate (4) and the over-grouting soil connecting hole (4-9), and the top surface of the horizontal connecting transverse rib (4-3) of the on-site poured substrate cast-in-place concrete (6) and the bottom H-shaped concrete plate (4) is at the same height;
cast-in-place concrete between plates (7): the lower connecting reinforcement teeth (4-4) of the upper H-shaped concrete plate (4) are opposite to the upper connecting reinforcement teeth (4-5) of the lower H-shaped concrete plate (4); pouring inter-plate cast-in-place concrete (7) between the opposite lower connecting reinforcing teeth (4-4) and the upper connecting reinforcing teeth (4-5) until the top surface of the horizontal connecting transverse rib (4-3) of the upper H-shaped concrete slab (4) is poured;
digging a ditch downwards at an outer slope original soil (8) outside the slope original soil (1) of the retained slope protection, wherein the ditch width is the width of the H-shaped concrete slab (4), and the ditch depth is one half to two thirds of the height of the H-shaped concrete slab (4); the method comprises the steps that anchoring ribs (5) are connected to anchor rib embedded connecting rings (4-6) in the middle of an inner layer concrete plate (4-2) of all layers of H-shaped concrete plates (4) except a bottom layer, the anchor ribs (5) obliquely extend downwards to slope-shaped raw soil (1) of a protected slope, and the horizontal downward inclination angle of the anchor ribs (5) is 20-50 degrees;
the H-shaped concrete plate assembly type ecological retaining wall adopts the same H-shaped concrete plates (4);
the H-shaped concrete slab (4) comprises an outer layer concrete slab (4-1), an inner layer concrete slab (4-2), a horizontal connection transverse rib (4-3), a lower connection reinforcing tooth (4-4), an upper connection reinforcing tooth (4-5), an anchoring rib embedded connecting ring (4-6), a lower cavity (4-7), an upper cavity (4-8) and a slurry-passing soil connecting hole (4-9);
one side surface of the H-shaped concrete plate (4) is an outer-layer concrete plate (4-1), the other side surface of the H-shaped concrete plate (4) is an inner-layer concrete plate (4-2), the outer-layer concrete plate (4-1) is positioned at one side far away from the soil-retaining slope protection, the inner-layer concrete plate (4-2) is positioned at one side close to the soil-retaining slope protection, and the outer-layer concrete plate (4-1) and the inner-layer concrete plate (4-2) are rectangular concrete plates and are identical in shape and right opposite to each other; a plurality of evenly distributed horizontal connection transverse ribs (4-3) are arranged between the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) and the inner layer concrete plate (4-2) to connect the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) and the inner layer concrete plate (4-2), the horizontal connection transverse ribs (4-3) and the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) at the upper part of the horizontal connection transverse ribs form an upper cavity (4-8), the horizontal connection transverse ribs (4-3) and the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) at the lower part of the horizontal connection transverse ribs and the inner layer concrete plate (4-2) form a lower cavity (4-7), slurry-passing soil-connecting holes (4-9) are formed between the two horizontal connection transverse ribs (4-3), and the width of the slurry-passing soil-connecting holes (4-9) is 4-8 times that of the horizontal connection transverse ribs (4-3); the inner side surface of the outer layer concrete plate (4-1) below the horizontal connection transverse rib (4-3) is provided with lower connection reinforcing teeth (4-4), and the lower connection reinforcing teeth (4-4) are vertical rectangular protrusions which are uniformly distributed; the inner side surface of the inner layer concrete plate (4-2) above the horizontal connecting transverse rib (4-3) is provided with upper connecting reinforcing teeth (4-5), and the upper connecting reinforcing teeth (4-5) are vertical rectangular bulges which are uniformly distributed; 1-3 anchor bar embedded connecting rings (4-6) are arranged at positions, corresponding to the horizontal connecting transverse ribs (4-3), on the outer side of the inner-layer concrete plate (4-2), the anchor bar embedded connecting rings (4-6) are steel bars with circular rings at one ends, one ends of the anchor bar embedded connecting rings (4-6) with the circular rings are exposed outside, and one ends of the anchor bar embedded connecting rings (4-6) without the circular rings are embedded in the inner-layer concrete plate (4-2) and the horizontal connecting transverse ribs (4-3);
the first type of filling soil (2) is one of pebbles, gravel sand, coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand, silt clay and low-plasticity clay;
the second type of filling soil (3) is planting soil, and the volume ratio of the planting soil is as follows: 40-50% of mineral content, 4-6% of organic matters, 18-22% of air and 25-35% of water.
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