CN109457099B - 一种提高普通取向硅钢电磁性能的工艺方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005381 magnetic domain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
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- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
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Abstract
本发明提供一种提高普通取向硅钢电磁性能的工艺方法,适用于以硫化锰为主要抑制的普通磁感取向硅钢的制造流程,本专利产品可取消酸洗前的常化处理工序,经济制造工艺流程为:冶炼→铸坯→热连轧→热轧卷冷却过程中平整→酸洗→一次冷轧→中间退火→二次冷轧→表面处理及涂MgO→高温退火→涂绝缘层及热拉伸平整。在普通取向硅钢传统工艺流程及工艺控制上,利用热轧生产后的板卷余温及传统中实施板面检查的工艺装备,进行相应技术方法实施,提高普通取向硅钢产品电磁性能及性能合格率或实施产品改判中更高牌号的命中率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及轧钢技术领域,特别涉及一种提高普通取向硅钢电磁性能的工艺方法。
背景技术
冷轧取向电工钢产品是电力行业发展的重要的金属功能性软磁材料,主要应用于各类输变电变压器铁芯制造领域。
国内外仅少数大型钢铁联合企业可以进行全流程全工艺的生产,是冶金长流程典型产品之一,因生产难度大,工艺复杂,被称为冶金产品中“皇冠上的明珠”。
取向硅钢从产品磁特性指标上或工艺技术实现上分为普通取向硅钢产品及高磁感取向硅钢产品。
传统普通取向硅钢生产中,常以硫化锰抑制剂为主,通过热轧高温加热,使抑制剂固溶,并在随后的热轧过程中,弥散析出,不采用常化处理,在随后二次冷轧及中间退火或脱碳退火中抑制二次晶粒,获得良好的晶体取向,并在最终高温退火中,生成有利织构的大晶粒组织,达到相应普通取向硅钢产品的性能标准需求。
普通取向硅钢最终产品晶粒取向度、组织均匀性与高磁感取向硅钢产品均呈现差异,指标进一步改善及提升需钢坯精确的“高温上限”烧钢,烧损较高;以及热轧温度制度及冷却制度的吏精确控制,或调整二次冷轧或退火工艺,难度较大。
现有技术中,专利CN201010597079.2公开的《一种普通取向硅钢的制备工艺》,通过提高中间退火温度及增大一次冷轧的压,下率来实现性能的提高,成本较大;P.RauscheP等报道的《激光划线(刻痕)技术在工业上的应用》中提及通过激光划线刻痕细化磁畴提高性能,但工业应用中要增加相应设备,成本高,工艺复杂。
发明内容
为了解决背景技术中所述问题,本发明提供一种提高普通取向硅钢电磁性能的工艺方法,在普通取向硅钢传统工艺流程及工艺控制上,利用热轧生产后的板卷余温及传统中实施板面检查的工艺装备,进行相应技术方法实施,提高普通取向硅钢产品电磁性能及性能合格率或实施产品改判中更高牌号的命中率。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案实现:
一种提高普通取向硅钢电磁性能的工艺方法,适用于以硫化锰为主要抑制的普通磁感取向硅钢的制造流程,本专利产品可取消酸洗前的常化处理工序,经济制造工艺流程为:冶炼→铸坯→热连轧→热轧卷冷却过程中平整→酸洗→一次冷轧→中间退火→二次冷轧→表面处理及涂MgO→高温退火→涂绝缘层及热拉伸平整。
1)浇注过热度控制为15-30℃,拉坯速度0.8-1.3m/min;
2)采用电磁搅拌,铸坯等轴晶比例控制≥40%;
3)板坯热装温度≥400℃,热连轧高温加热:1350℃~1370℃;
4)热轧卷冷却过程中平整工艺过程的控制为:
热轧卷平整温度控制在150℃~550℃;
平整延伸率控制在0.10~5.0%;平整后钢卷自然冷却至常温;
平整后钢卷至冷轧前,放置时间12~36h,进一步发挥时效效应。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
经过此工艺技术的实施,对比传统普通取向硅钢的生产,整体成材率提升2%~5%,板形合格率提高1%~3%;成品组织均匀性提高,电磁性能中铁损值降低0.10W/kg,提升近一个牌号等级;晶粒取向离散度缩小,磁感指标提升200~500高斯,接近同牌号高磁感产品水平;高温净化退火可缩短1~2小时,提高生产效率及降低能源消耗。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明提供的具体实施方式进行详细说明。
一种提高普通取向硅钢电磁性能的工艺方法,适用于以硫化锰为主要抑制的普通磁感取向硅钢的制造流程,本专利产品可取消酸洗前的常化处理工序,经济制造工艺流程为:冶炼→铸坯→热连轧→热轧卷冷却过程中平整→酸洗→一次冷轧→中间退火→二次冷轧→表面处理及涂MgO→高温退火→涂绝缘层及热拉伸平整;
1)浇注过热度控制为15-30℃,拉坯速度0.8-1.3m/min;
2)采用电磁搅拌,铸坯等轴晶比例控制≥40%;
3)板坯热装温度≥400℃,热连轧高温加热:1350℃~1370℃;
4)热轧卷冷却过程中平整工艺过程的控制为:
热轧卷平整温度控制在150℃~550℃;
平整延伸率控制在0.10~5.0%;平整后钢卷自然冷却至常温;
平整后钢卷至冷轧前,放置时间12~36h,进一步发挥时效效应。
本发明的工艺中,热连轧中高温加热温度是根据不同成分MnS的最佳固溶温度1345~1365℃而设定,目的是使抑制剂MnS完全固溶,在平整及时效过程中析出。细小弥散的第二相质点通过钉扎作用与晶界偏聚作用,在脱碳退火和最终高温退火升温过程中抑制初次再结晶晶粒的正常长大,并使具有{110)(001>位向的初次晶粒(二次品核)能够吞并周围的其他初次晶粒发生二次再结晶而异常长大。使取向硅钢成品组织获得单一高斯织构,从而获得优良的磁性能;
本发明的工艺方法,减轻低温卷取(常规生产中约550℃急冷卷取)造成的冷却不均;通过热、动力学效应均匀钢带微观组织及应力,改善冷轧性能,提高成材率及板形控制合格率;进一步促进硫化锰微小粒子的析出量,加强抑制剂的功能;可以在高温加热工艺上采用下限烧钢,减少烧损(硫化锰理论固溶温度1320℃至1350℃);增加过饱和碳析出及晶界元素偏聚、其它碳氮二相粒子的细小析出,提高了一次再结晶形核点并钉扎晶粒,进一步抑制一次再结晶长大倾向。
具体实施例:
一、冶炼钢种化学成分(质量百分比%)
GO钢主要元素 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | N | Als |
30Q130 | 0.047 | 3.21 | 0.07 | 0.008 | 0.025 | 0.0045 | 0.011 |
30Q120 | 0.054 | 3.28 | 0.11 | 0.015 | 0.023 | 0.0071 | 0.018 |
二、主要生产流程及主要工艺参数及本专利实施方案:
采用立弯式230mm厚度规格板坯铸机生产,浇注过热度控制为22℃,拉坯速度0.85m/min,采用电磁搅拌,铸坯等轴晶比例45%,板坯热装温度550℃,加热最高温度1355℃,保温220min,经热连轧,热轧卷板厚控制为2.3mm,层流冷却,控制卷取温度为550℃,钢卷下线后,实施本专利技术为每炉钢五卷料,按380℃时开卷平整,控制延伸率1.8%,平整后钢卷自然冷却,放置24h;之后与对比同炉对比卷料共同进行酸洗及一次冷轧,轧制0.65mm后,进行890℃中间退火,再轧成0.30mm公称厚度产品,进行845℃脱碳退火及涂氧化镁,随后进行1208℃高温退火及最终拉伸平整。
三、产品电磁性能及综合指标对比:
以上实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于上述的实施例。上述实施例中所用方法如无特别说明均为常规方法。
Claims (1)
1.一种提高普通取向硅钢电磁性能的工艺方法,其特征在于,适用于以硫化锰为主要抑制的普通磁感取向硅钢的制造流程,经济制造工艺流程为:冶炼→铸坯→热连轧→热轧卷冷却过程中平整→酸洗→一次冷轧→中间退火→二次冷轧→表面处理及涂MgO→高温退火→涂绝缘层及热拉伸平整;
1)浇注过热度控制为15-30℃,拉坯速度0.8-1.3m/min;
2)采用电磁搅拌,铸坯等轴晶比例控制≥40%;
3)板坯热装温度≥400℃,热连轧高温加热:1350℃~1370℃;
4)热轧卷冷却过程中平整工艺过程的控制为:
热轧卷平整温度控制在150℃~550℃;
平整延伸率控制在0.10~5.0%;平整后钢卷自然冷却至常温;
平整后钢卷至冷轧前,放置时间12~36h,进一步发挥时效效应。
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CN101368246A (zh) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种中薄板坯生产取向硅钢的方法 |
CN102560048A (zh) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-07-11 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种普通取向硅钢的制备工艺 |
CN102560239A (zh) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-07-11 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种高牌号电工钢产品的生产方法 |
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