CN109449074B - Ion extraction device for ionization source of mass spectrometer - Google Patents
Ion extraction device for ionization source of mass spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109449074B CN109449074B CN201811550361.8A CN201811550361A CN109449074B CN 109449074 B CN109449074 B CN 109449074B CN 201811550361 A CN201811550361 A CN 201811550361A CN 109449074 B CN109449074 B CN 109449074B
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 40
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000451 chemical ionisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical class [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
- H01J49/062—Ion guides
- H01J49/063—Multipole ion guides, e.g. quadrupoles, hexapoles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ion extraction device for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer, which comprises a trap electrode, an incident electrode, a focusing lens and an emergent electrode, wherein the trap electrode is arranged on the ion extraction device; the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp is connected with the trap electrode, and the trap electrode, the incident electrode, the focusing lens and the emergent electrode are sequentially connected; the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp is used for ionizing sample molecules to generate ions, an electrostatic field formed between the trap-shaped direct current electrode and the small hole electrode is used for efficiently collecting and leading out ions, the focusing lens is used for further focusing and transmitting the ions, the ions enter a mass analysis area of the mass spectrometer after passing through the exit electrode, the ions in a larger ionization space can be focused, the high-efficiency transmission of the ions is realized, the detection sensitivity of the mass spectrometer can be further improved, and the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp has a wide application prospect in the aspects of mass spectrum detection instruments and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mass spectrometry, in particular to an ion extraction device for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer.
Background
The mass spectrometer is an instrument for identifying the components of a sample to be detected by utilizing the mass difference of sample ions, and is widely applied to the detection fields of biomass, food safety, environmental pollution and the like. The core components of the mass spectrometer consist of an ionization source, a mass analyzer, an ion detector and the like. Depending on the manner of ionization, ionization sources can be classified into electron impact ionization (EI), chemical Ionization (CI), photoionization, and the like. In recent years, with the development of vacuum ultraviolet light sources, especially vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp technology, single Photon Ionization (SPI) technology has been widely used in mass spectrometry instruments due to the characteristics of less fragment ions generated by ionization, low cost, convenient use, and the like.
However, the ionization source generally has larger spatial distribution of ions, so that the sample ions have serious loss in the extraction and transmission processes, and the detection sensitivity of the mass spectrometer is reduced. For example, vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp ionization sources tend to have larger spots, and electron bombardment ionization sources also have larger spatial distributions. Moreover, the intensity of the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp is weak, and the ionization efficiency is relatively low, for example, the photoionization section of benzene series at photon energy of 10.6eV is about 20Mb (1 mb=10-18 cm 2). Loss of ions in the ionization source extraction region and subsequent transport will severely reduce the detection sensitivity of the mass spectrometer.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide an ion extraction apparatus for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer, which is used for solving the problem that the detection sensitivity of the mass spectrometer is reduced due to the loss of ions in an ionization source extraction region and a subsequent transmission process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
an ion extraction device for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer comprises a trap electrode, an incident electrode, a focusing lens and an emergent electrode;
the ionization source is connected with the trap electrode, and the trap electrode, the incident electrode, the focusing lens and the emergent electrode are sequentially connected.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the ionization source is a vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp, and the irradiation direction of the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp is perpendicular to the central axis of the equipotential surface of the trap electrode.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the inner wall of the trap electrode is cylindrical, five mounting holes are formed in the trap electrode, four mounting holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the trap electrode and distributed in a circumferential array around the central axis of the trap electrode, the other mounting hole is located in the center of one end, far away from the incident electrode, of the trap electrode, and the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp is connected with one of the mounting holes in the circumferential surface of the trap electrode.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: an incident hole is formed in the center of the incident electrode, and the diameter of the incident hole is 1-6 mm.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the diameter of the inlet hole was 2mm.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the axial length of the inlet hole is 1-3 mm.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the axial length of the inlet hole is 1mm.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the irradiation area of the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp is circular in cross section and has a diameter smaller than 6mm.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the diameter of the inner wall of the trap electrode is 20mm.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the depth of the trap electrode is 25mm.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the permeation extraction electric field between the trap electrode and the small hole electrode can effectively extract sample ions formed by ionization in a larger ionization space, the equipotential surface between the trap electrode and the small hole electrode is curved, and the acting force direction of the electric field is perpendicular to the equipotential surface and points to the entrance hole, so that the extraction and transmission efficiency of the sample ions is greatly improved;
2. the inner wall of the trap electrode is cylindrical, and the trap electrode, the incident electrode, the focusing lens and the emergent electrode are all coaxially distributed, so that the structure is simple and the installation is easy. Five mounting holes are formed in the trap electrode, four of the mounting holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the trap electrode and distributed in a circumferential array around the central axis of the trap electrode, the other mounting hole is located in the center of one end, far away from the incident electrode, of the trap electrode, and the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp is connected with one of the mounting holes in the circumferential surface of the trap electrode. One of the mounting holes is used for inputting a sample, the other mounting holes are connected with a vacuum pump and used for vacuumizing the inner cavity of the trap electrode, so that ionic molecular reaction at an ionization source is avoided, and mass spectrum peaks except sample molecules are reduced;
3. the center of the incident electrode is provided with an incident hole, the center of the emergent electrode is provided with an emergent hole, the center of the focusing lens is provided with a focusing channel, the incident hole and the emergent hole are respectively positioned at two ends of the focusing channel and are mutually communicated through the focusing channel, the incident hole, the focusing channel and the emergent hole are positioned on the same straight line, the ion concentration is higher, and the detection sensitivity is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention taken along a plane passing through the central axis of a trap electrode;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an equipotential curve representing an ionization region and a motion trajectory simulation of ions in an electric field according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein,
1. a vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp;
2. a trap electrode; 21. a mounting hole;
3. an incident electrode; 31. an entry hole;
4. a focusing lens; 41. a focusing channel;
5. an exit electrode; 51. and (3) exiting the hole.
Detailed Description
The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
An ion extraction apparatus for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a trap electrode 2, an incident electrode 3, a focusing lens 4 and an exit electrode 5; the ionization source is connected with the trap electrode 2, the incident electrode 3, the focusing lens 4 and the emergent electrode 5 are sequentially connected, and the ionization source adopts the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp 1.
Referring to fig. 2, a in fig. 2 represents an equipotential surface distribution curve between the trap electrode 2 and the incident electrode 3, b in fig. 2 represents a sample ion movement locus formed by ionization, and c in fig. 2 represents an irradiation region of the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp 1.
When in operation, the vacuum ultraviolet light emitted by the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp 1 irradiates sample molecules in the trap electrode 2 to ionize the sample molecules; different voltages U2 and U3 (for example, U2 = 15V and U3 = 0V) are applied to the trap electrode 2 and the incident electrode 3, a penetration extraction electric field is formed between the two electrodes, and curved equipotential surfaces are distributed in the trap electrode 2 in sequence. The center of the incidence electrode 3 is provided with the incidence hole 31, the center of the outgoing electrode 5 is provided with the outgoing hole 51, the center of the focusing lens 4 is provided with the focusing channel 41, the incidence hole 31 and the outgoing hole 51 are respectively positioned at two ends of the focusing channel 41 and are mutually communicated through the focusing channel 41, the incidence hole 31, the focusing channel 41 and the outgoing hole 51 are positioned on the same straight line, the ion concentration degree is higher, and the detection sensitivity is improved. The potential of the equipotential surface near the bottom of the trap electrode 2 is high, the potential of the equipotential surface near the incident electrode 3 is lower, and the direction of the electric field lines is vertical to the equipotential surface; the spatially dispersed sample ions are pulled by the electric field force, gradually converge toward the entrance aperture 31, and accelerate through the entrance aperture 31 in the electric field; a negative voltage U4 is applied to the focusing lens 4, ions are further focused in the focusing channel 41 by adjusting U4, the mass analysis region of the mass spectrometer is connected to the exit hole 51, and the focused ions pass through the exit hole 51 and then enter the mass analysis region of the mass spectrometer.
The osmotic extraction electric field between the trap electrode 2 and the small hole electrode can effectively extract sample ions formed by ionization in a larger ionization space, the equipotential surface between the trap electrode 2 and the small hole electrode is curved, and the acting force direction of the electric field is perpendicular to the equipotential surface and points to the inlet hole 31, so that the extraction and transmission efficiency of the sample ions is greatly improved.
In the prior art, two flat electrode plates are often adopted in a traditional ionization source to form a parallel extraction electric field, and serious loss exists in the ion extraction process, and the main reason is that the parallel extraction electric field can repel sample ions scattered in space onto the incident electrode 3, only a part of ions can pass through the entrance hole 31, and the ionization source is not suitable for the situation of a larger ionization interval, and the extraction and transmission efficiency of the sample ions are low.
The irradiation direction of the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp 1 is perpendicular to the central axis of the equipotential surface of the trap electrode 2. The size of the spatial distribution of ions generated in the irradiation direction of the vacuum ultraviolet light in the axial direction of the trap electrode 2 is equal to the size of the cross section of the irradiation area of the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp 1 (the irradiation area of the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp 1 has a circular cross section and a diameter of less than 6 mm). The translational energy difference obtained by the ions in the process of being led out of the ionization source is small, which is beneficial to focusing and transmission of the ions in the focusing lens 4. In addition, ions with smaller translational energy distribution are also beneficial to detection of sample ion signals by the vertical-induction type mass spectrometer.
The inner wall of the trap electrode 2 is cylindrical, and the trap electrode 2, the incident electrode 3, the focusing lens 4 and the emergent electrode 5 are all coaxially distributed, so that the structure is simple and the installation is easy. Five mounting holes 21 are formed in the trap electrode 2, four of the four mounting holes 21 are formed in the circumferential surface of the trap electrode 2 and distributed in an array around the central axis circumference of the trap electrode 2, the other mounting hole 21 is located in the center of one end, far away from the incidence electrode 3, of the trap electrode 2, the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp 1 is connected with one of the mounting holes 21 in the circumferential surface of the trap electrode 2, the other mounting hole 21 is used for inputting a sample, and the rest of the mounting holes 21 are used for discharging unionized gas in the trap electrode 2.
The depth of the trap electrode 2 (length of the inner cavity of the trap electrode 2 in the axial direction) is 25mm, the inner diameter of the trap electrode 2 is 20mm, the diameter of the entrance hole 31 is 1 to 6mm, the axial length of the entrance hole 31 is 1 to 3mm, and in this embodiment, the diameter of the entrance hole 31 is preferably 2mm, and the axial length of the entrance hole 31 is 1mm.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. An ion extraction apparatus for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer, characterized by: comprises a trap electrode (2), an incident electrode (3), a focusing lens (4) and an emergent electrode (5);
the ionization source is connected with the trap electrode (2), and the trap electrode (2), the incident electrode (3), the focusing lens (4) and the emergent electrode (5) are connected in sequence;
the ionization source is a vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp (1), and the irradiation direction of the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp (1) is perpendicular to the central axis of the equipotential surface of the trap electrode (2);
the inner wall of the trap electrode (2) is cylindrical, different voltages U2 and U3 are applied to the trap electrode (2) and the incident electrode (3), a permeation leading-out electric field is formed between the trap electrode (2) and the incident electrode, curved equipotential surfaces are sequentially distributed inside the trap electrode (2), five mounting holes (21) are formed in the trap electrode (2), four mounting holes (21) are formed in the circumferential surface of the trap electrode (2) and distributed in an array mode around the central axis circumference of the trap electrode (2), the other mounting hole (21) is located in the center position of one end, far away from the incident electrode (3), of the trap electrode (2), and the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp (1) is connected with one of the mounting holes (21) in the circumferential surface of the trap electrode (2);
an incidence hole (31) is formed in the center of the incidence electrode (3), and the diameter of the incidence hole (31) is 1-6 mm.
2. An ion extraction apparatus for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer as defined in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the incident hole (31) is 2mm.
3. An ion extraction apparatus for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer as defined in claim 1, wherein: the axial length of the incident hole (31) is 1-3 mm.
4. An ion extraction apparatus for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer as defined in claim 3, wherein: the axial length of the incident hole (31) is 1mm.
5. An ion extraction apparatus for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer as defined in claim 1, wherein: the irradiation area of the vacuum ultraviolet discharge lamp (1) is circular in cross section and has a diameter smaller than 6mm.
6. An ion extraction apparatus for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer as defined in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the inner wall of the trap electrode (2) is 20mm.
7. An ion extraction apparatus for an ionization source of a mass spectrometer as defined in claim 1, wherein: the depth of the trap electrode (2) is 25mm.
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| CN201811550361.8A CN109449074B (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | Ion extraction device for ionization source of mass spectrometer |
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| CN110176385B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-04-17 | 中国地质科学院地质研究所 | High-efficiency ion source for magnetic mass spectrometer |
| CN110648895A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2020-01-03 | 上海裕达实业有限公司 | Mass spectrum device and method for detecting silicone oil leakage in freeze-drying process |
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