CN1094488A - 轴承组件 - Google Patents
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- CN1094488A CN1094488A CN94105260A CN94105260A CN1094488A CN 1094488 A CN1094488 A CN 1094488A CN 94105260 A CN94105260 A CN 94105260A CN 94105260 A CN94105260 A CN 94105260A CN 1094488 A CN1094488 A CN 1094488A
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- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001573 adamantine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000013495 cobalt Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008041 oiling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/043—Sliding surface consisting mainly of ceramics, cermets or hard carbon, e.g. diamond like carbon [DLC]
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/003—Bearing, sealing, lubricating details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2352/00—Apparatus for drilling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
金刚石轴承组件，其包括相对设置的金刚石轴承
表面元件，至少有一个表面元件中没有第八类金属，
如钴。最好，由金刚石坯的表面元件提供各轴承表
面。这种金刚石坯实质上包含金刚石与金刚石的粘
结剂和第二相，所述第二相包括硅，硅以硅和/或碳
化硅的形式存在。
Description
本发明涉及轴承组件。
金刚石轴承组件是众所周知的，而且其应用领域非常广泛。金刚石轴承组件的应用领域之一是在钻井行业中用于井下电动机。
在金刚石轴承组件中，组件的相对设置的轴承表面是由金刚石材料制造的一对元件。所谓金刚石材料是多晶体金刚石，或简称PCD。工艺上作为一种金刚石坯块的金刚石材料是公知的，采用这种材料是因为其耐磨损寿命很长，而且其能够承受相当大的载荷。在现有技术中已知，用于金刚石轴承组件的多晶体金刚石是商标名为Syndite，Syndrill或Stratapax的产品。在这种多晶体金刚石材料中包含大量的第八类金属（元素周期表），例如钴、铁或镍。在这一方面可以参照美国专利US-4620601，第12栏，第30～37行，以及美国专利US-4560014第9栏，第29～44行。
美国专利US-5092687中描述的金刚石轴承组件具有相对设置的金刚石轴承表面。通过粘接碳化钨设置金刚石轴承表面，在碳化钨材料中结合着合成金刚石，见该文件第3栏，第49～51行。在粘接的碳化钨中具有第八类金属、例如钴、镍或铁、用其作为碳化钨的粘结剂。
已经发现，在金刚石轴承组件中采用包含第八类金属的金刚石材料，如上述相关文献所述，轴承接触表面的摩擦工况在高接触压力条件下，倾向于产生相当大程度的不可预见性。在某些情况下，轴承组件在没有足够的预警情况下迅速擦伤。显然这种现象是由于含有丰富的第八类金属元素构成的摩擦膜引起的。这种摩擦膜，在轴承组件的使用过程中，在金刚石轴承表面形成。
按照本发明，轴承组件包括相对设置的金刚石轴承表面，至少有一个轴承表面的材料不属于任何第八类金属。
至少相对设置的金刚石轴承表面之一绝不属于任何第八类金属，最好两个表面的材料都不属于任何第八类金属。术语“不属于任何第八类金属”意味着基本上在轴承表面无第八类金属，尽管可能存在微量的第八类金属，其并不产生有害效果。在第八类金属中包括钴，铁和镍。
图1和图2是表示本发明中两个轴承组件的相对设置的金刚石轴承表面的局部示意图。
本发明提供一种轴承组件，其包括相对设置的金刚石轴承表面元件。轴承组件可以是现有技术中已知的任何一种。本发明具有特殊用途，如在钻井行业中用于井下电动机的金刚石推力轴承组件。例如，在美国专利US-4560014和欧洲专利申请EP-933085912中描述的这种轴承组件的实例。已经发现，至少在相对设置的一个金刚石轴承表面元件中缺少，或基本上没有第八类金属时，可以获得很低的摩擦系数，其值不大于0.1，而且其承载能力相当于接触压力68MPa或更高。
最好两个金刚石轴承表面元件都没有第八类金属。
没有第八类金属的金刚石轴承表面可以由任何一种金刚石基材的表面提供。这种金刚石基材之一，以及优选的金刚石基材是其实质上由金刚石与金刚石相粘结，而且基本上由硅构成第二相，所述硅以硅和/或碳化硅的形式存在。金刚石含量在体积上通常占80～90%，而金刚石与金刚石的粘结剂通常形成起结合作用的骨架。含硅的第二相的体积含量通常为10～20%。美国专利US-4151686和US-4793828中描述了这种金刚石体的实施例。还有，这种金刚石体的一个例子是以商标名Synclax销售的产品。
另一种能够提供缺少或基本没有第八类金属的表面元件的金刚石体包括体积含量为70～95%的自粘结金刚石体内遍布着空的微孔。在金刚石体中可以包括微量的金属相，这种金属相基本上均匀普遍地渗透在金刚石体内。这种金刚石体称为可滤取的金刚石坯，在美国专利US-4224380中叙述了有关实例。
没有第八类金属的金刚石表面元件也可以由金刚石薄膜表面提供，这种金刚石薄膜表面由化学蒸汽沉积（简称CVD）构成。CVD金刚石薄膜可以在碳化硅、碳化钨和同类材料上形成。在现有技术中制成CVD金刚石薄膜是众所周知的，即分解气化的碳化合物，产生碳原子、离子或官能团，使它们沉积在材料表面，形成金刚石薄膜。
无第八类金属的金刚石表面元件也可以由金刚石坯的表面元件提供，这种金刚石坯在金刚石合成状态下产生，其体积含量至少为70%，最好为80～90%。金刚石，实质上金刚石与金刚石的粘结剂和第二相由碳化的碱土金属，最好是碳化钙构成。
下面参照附图描述本发明的两个实施例。第一实施例参照图1，其表示的轴承组件包括相对设置的轴承表面元件10和12。表面元件10和12分别由金刚石坯14和16的一个表面形成。这两个金刚石坯都可以没有任何第八类金属。另外，至少这些金刚石坯中的一个绝没有任何第八类金属，以致至少轴承表面元件10、12之一没有这种金属。
参照图2，由表面20和22限定轴承组件中相对设置的轴承表面元件。轴承表面20在金刚石坯24的一个表面上形成。轴承表面22形成金刚石体28中金刚石端部区域26的一个表面。金刚石端部区域26可以由商标为SyncLax，经过滤取的金刚石坯，或CVD金刚石层构成。区域26与材料30相粘结，材料30可以是包含金刚石的基体28，例如金刚石坯，或者这种基材右可以由不同的材料，如粘结的碳化物制成。
在另一个未图示的实施例中，金刚石坯24可以由相同于金刚石体28，含有金刚石的合成金刚石体代替。
使用各种金刚石轴承表面元件进行一系列试验。利用针盘式摩擦计可以产生不可预见的滑动运动。在这个机构中，滑动付（针）的一个元件固定在悬臂的载荷支撑臂上的样品夹具上。在常速或变速电动机的驱动下，所述的针可以在水平盘上滑动或回转。作用在针上的载荷可以变化，而且这个载荷由作用在载荷支撑臂上的固定垂物装置施加。
使用的产品是Syndriu产品，金刚石坯或PCD产品包含大约10%（重量比）的钴，这些钴均匀地分散或分布在整个被粘结的金刚石坯中。而在Syndax产品中，金刚石体中实质上包括金刚石与金刚石的粘结剂和基本上由硅构成的第二相。这种硅以硅和/或碳化硅的形式存在。在进行的各种试验中，用Syndriu产品制造针和盘，用Syndxx产品制造针和盘，以及用Syndriu产品制造针和盘之一，而用Syndax产品制造另一元件。
当采用Syndax产品制造针和盘时，在干的无润滑滑动试验中，可以获得最低摩擦系数。已经发现，采用这种方案得到的低摩擦系数不大于0.1，而且具有至少4300N的高承载能力，其相当于至少可以承受68MPa的接触压力。这一结果与针和盘都由Syn-drill产品制造时的方案形成显著对比，后者具有较高的摩擦系数0.13～0.26，而承载能力较低，大约为2800N，相当于接触压力44MPa。在后一种情况中，发现在滑动表面形成了含钴量丰富的摩擦膜。可以相信，这是导致高摩擦系数的症结。去除这种摩擦膜，例如用Hcl，可以暂时减小摩擦系数，直到摩擦膜被改变为止。
在另一些试验中，用Syndax产品制造针，而用Syndriu产品制造盘，或者与此相反。而且在干的，无润滑滑动状态下使用。已经发现，这种结合形式具有的摩擦系数低于Syndriu产品与Syn-driu产品相结合时具有的摩擦系数。另外，虽然在轴承表面可以观察到摩擦膜，这种摩擦膜主要包含了硅和仅仅少量钴。因此，事实上受压的硅形成有害的具有富钴的摩擦膜，其导致摩擦系数降低。
用水作为润滑剂进行一系列同样的试验。一对Syndriu/Syn-driu产品的承载能力很小，仅为2800N，尽管其可以获得很小的摩擦系数，为0.1。然而，一对Syndax/Ayndax产品在同样工况条件下，如在无润滑滑动试验中，其摩擦系数不大于0.1，而且承载能力高于4300N，其相当于高于接触压68MPa。
Claims (5)
1、轴承组件，其包括相对设置的金刚石轴承表面元件，至少其中一个元件中不存在任何第八类金属。
2、按照权利要求1所述的轴承组件，其特征是：由金刚石体的表面元件提供没有第八类金属的金刚石轴承表面，所述金刚石体实质上包含金刚石与金刚石的粘结剂和第二相，所述第二相基本上由硅构成，所述硅以硅和/或碳化硅的形式存在。
3、按照权利要求1或2所述的轴承组件，其特征是：由金刚石体的表面元件提供各个相对设置的金刚石轴承表面，所述金刚石体实质上包含金刚石与金刚石的粘结剂和第二相，第二相基本上由硅构成，所述硅以硅和/或碳化硅的形式存在。
4、按照权利要求1所述的轴承组件，其特征是：由金刚石体的表面元件提供没有任何第八类金属的金刚石轴承表面，所述金刚石体包括自粘结金刚石颗粒，其体积含量在金刚石体中占70～90%，并具有相互连接的网状结构，空的微孔遍布整个金刚石体。
5、按照权利要求1所述的轴承组件，其特征是：用化学蒸汽沉积得到的金刚石表面膜提供没有第八类金属的金刚石轴承表面。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA2167/93 | 1993-03-26 | ||
| ZA932167 | 1993-03-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1094488A true CN1094488A (zh) | 1994-11-02 |
Family
ID=25582703
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94105260A Pending CN1094488A (zh) | 1993-03-26 | 1994-03-26 | 轴承组件 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5560716A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0617207B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH074437A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1094488A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU675106B2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2119981A1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69408585T2 (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO304200B1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA942003B (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6517583B1 (en) | 2000-01-30 | 2003-02-11 | Diamicron, Inc. | Prosthetic hip joint having a polycrystalline diamond compact articulation surface and a counter bearing surface |
| US6425922B1 (en) | 2000-01-30 | 2002-07-30 | Diamicron, Inc. | Prosthetic hip joint having at least one sintered polycrystalline diamond compact articulation surface |
| US6596225B1 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2003-07-22 | Diamicron, Inc. | Methods for manufacturing a diamond prosthetic joint component |
| US6494918B1 (en) | 2000-01-30 | 2002-12-17 | Diamicron, Inc. | Component for a prosthetic joint having a diamond load bearing and articulation surface |
| US6800095B1 (en) | 1994-08-12 | 2004-10-05 | Diamicron, Inc. | Diamond-surfaced femoral head for use in a prosthetic joint |
| US7077867B1 (en) | 1994-08-12 | 2006-07-18 | Diamicron, Inc. | Prosthetic knee joint having at least one diamond articulation surface |
| US6514289B1 (en) | 2000-01-30 | 2003-02-04 | Diamicron, Inc. | Diamond articulation surface for use in a prosthetic joint |
| DE19524510A1 (de) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-01-09 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Fluidgeschmiertes Gleitlager |
| WO1999024690A1 (en) * | 1997-11-10 | 1999-05-20 | Weatherford U.S., L.P. | A friction reducing tool |
| DE60007508D1 (de) | 1999-01-22 | 2004-02-05 | Weatherford Lamb | Reibungsreduzierende vorrichtung und verfahren zu deren verwendung in einem bohrloch |
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-
1994
- 1994-03-22 AU AU57953/94A patent/AU675106B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-03-22 ZA ZA942003A patent/ZA942003B/xx unknown
- 1994-03-23 NO NO941058A patent/NO304200B1/no unknown
- 1994-03-25 DE DE69408585T patent/DE69408585T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-25 EP EP94302164A patent/EP0617207B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-25 JP JP6056102A patent/JPH074437A/ja active Pending
- 1994-03-25 CA CA002119981A patent/CA2119981A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-03-26 CN CN94105260A patent/CN1094488A/zh active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-12-11 US US08/570,197 patent/US5560716A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO304200B1 (no) | 1998-11-09 |
| CA2119981A1 (en) | 1994-09-27 |
| JPH074437A (ja) | 1995-01-10 |
| AU5795394A (en) | 1994-09-29 |
| EP0617207A2 (en) | 1994-09-28 |
| ZA942003B (en) | 1994-10-20 |
| US5560716A (en) | 1996-10-01 |
| NO941058D0 (no) | 1994-03-23 |
| AU675106B2 (en) | 1997-01-23 |
| EP0617207B1 (en) | 1998-02-25 |
| EP0617207A3 (en) | 1995-08-02 |
| DE69408585D1 (de) | 1998-04-02 |
| NO941058L (no) | 1994-09-27 |
| DE69408585T2 (de) | 1998-09-17 |
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