CN109448114B - Method for calculating earthwork and stone quantity of earth excavation based on low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional reconstruction technology - Google Patents
Method for calculating earthwork and stone quantity of earth excavation based on low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional reconstruction technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN109448114B CN109448114B CN201811285383.6A CN201811285383A CN109448114B CN 109448114 B CN109448114 B CN 109448114B CN 201811285383 A CN201811285383 A CN 201811285383A CN 109448114 B CN109448114 B CN 109448114B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of water and soil conservation monitoring, discloses a method for calculating the square quantity of earth-filled stones based on low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional reconstruction technology, and solves the problems of large human error and low working efficiency. Firstly, placing a plurality of length scales in a region to be monitored; acquiring a plurality of initial images of the same region to be monitored at different angles in a periodic form; then, the system extracts connection points of the initial image; generating a TIN triangular net according to the image data and the scale reference length, so as to realize the reconstruction of a three-dimensional model of the area to be monitored and generate the three-dimensional model of the area to be monitored; and finally, performing convergence calculation according to the unchanged area of the two-stage three-dimensional model by the system, and attaching the two-stage model together by using a minimum convergence value, so as to calculate the change square quantity by using minimum error comparison. The method is suitable for calculating the square quantity of the soil residue quantity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water and soil conservation monitoring, in particular to a method for calculating the amount of earth and stone excavated and filled based on low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional reconstruction technology.
Background
The water and soil conservation monitoring refers to long-term investigation, observation and analysis of water and soil loss, water and soil development, harm and water and soil conservation benefits. The water and soil loss type, the intensity and the distribution characteristics, the harm and the influence condition thereof, the occurrence and development rule and the dynamic change trend of the target area are known through water and soil conservation monitoring, and the method has important significance for comprehensive water and soil loss treatment, ecological environment construction macroscopic decision and scientific, reasonable and systematic arrangement of various measures of water and soil conservation, and the method can often involve square calculation of soil and slag quantity and the like in water and soil conservation monitoring work.
The water and soil conservation monitoring of the development and construction project is a project which is gradually developed in China in recent years, and the work is in a starting and development stage. In recent years, related researchers and soil and water conservation monitoring staff research and practice the artificial soil and water loss monitoring technology and method of the construction project from the aspects of developing the artificial soil and water loss mechanism and characteristics of the construction project, the soil and water loss monitoring practice of the construction project and the like, and a certain progress is made, but a standardized technical system is not formed yet. The conventional method for calculating the square quantity in the water and soil conservation monitoring work needs to collect characteristic scattered points by using a measuring instrument, control points are needed to be made, a topographic map is generated, and finally the square quantity calculation is carried out in CAD software.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the method for calculating the earth and stone excavation quantity based on the low-altitude remote sensing and the three-dimensional reconstruction technology solves the problems of large human error and low working efficiency.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method for calculating the earth and stone excavation and filling square quantity based on the low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional reconstruction technology comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing 1-2 length scales in a region to be monitored;
step 2, the system acquires a plurality of initial images of the same area to be monitored at different angles in a periodic form;
step 3, extracting connection points of the initial image by the system;
step 4, generating a TIN triangular network according to the image data and the scale reference length by the system, so as to realize the reconstruction of the three-dimensional model of the area to be monitored and generate the three-dimensional model of the area to be monitored;
and 5, performing convergence calculation according to the unchanged area of the two-stage three-dimensional model by the system, and attaching the two-stage model together by using a minimum convergence value, so as to calculate the change square quantity by using minimum error comparison.
Further, to reduce the number of length scales, step 1 may place 1-2 length scales.
Furthermore, in order to conveniently obtain the low-altitude initial image, an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photographing mode can be adopted to obtain the initial image.
In step 2, the initial image includes a region around which the image is not changed, and the overlapping degree of two adjacent initial images is more than 70%.
Furthermore, step 3 utilizes ContextCapture software to extract the connection points of the initial images, thereby providing a foundation for the subsequent three-dimensional model reconstruction.
Further, in step 5, the performing convergence calculation according to the area unchanged by the two-stage three-dimensional model includes: and (3) importing and locking the first expected monitoring area model, importing a second period of area model to be monitored, and then using the unchanged area of the first period of model as a reference, wherein the unchanged area of the second period of model is subjected to convergence fitting to form the first period of model.
Further, step 5 may utilize geopic Studio software to perform convergence and variance calculations on the monitored area.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the traditional method for calculating the square quantity needs to be used for making a higher-precision control point, has low efficiency and large human error, and the system does not need to be used for making a control point, and is used for calculating the square quantity through automatic three-dimensional fitting calculation by a computer, so that the efficiency is high and the error is small. Meanwhile, the method has the advantages of low equipment cost, high sampling rate, high precision, high resolution, no-contact measurement and the like, and has obvious advantages in water and soil conservation monitoring by using the method as a data processing technology. The calculated square quantity monitoring data are greatly improved in efficiency and precision compared with the conventional monitoring method. In general, the application of the earth and rock excavation quantity calculation method based on the low-altitude remote sensing and the three-dimensional reconstruction technology can reduce field work, improve the working efficiency and the data precision, and greatly improve the automation degree of field monitoring workload calculation.
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Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the problems of large field workload, large human error and low working efficiency of calculating the monitored object square quantity in the prior art, the invention provides a method for calculating the earth-filled stone square quantity based on low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional reconstruction technology, which comprises the steps of firstly, placing a plurality of length scales in a region to be monitored; acquiring a plurality of initial images of the same region to be monitored at different angles in a periodic form; then, the system extracts connection points of the initial image; generating a TIN triangular net according to the image data and the scale reference length, so as to realize the reconstruction of a three-dimensional model of the area to be monitored and generate the three-dimensional model of the area to be monitored; and finally, performing convergence calculation according to the unchanged area of the two-stage three-dimensional model by the system, and attaching the two-stage model together by using a minimum convergence value, so as to calculate the change square quantity by using minimum error comparison. According to the invention, control points are not needed when the earth and stone excavation square quantity is calculated, and the automatic three-dimensional fitting calculation is performed through a computer, so that the efficiency is high and the error is small. The method has the advantages of strong operability, lower equipment cost, high sampling rate, high precision, high resolution, no need of control points and the like, and has obvious advantages in water and soil conservation monitoring by using the method as a data processing technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the examples.
The embodiment provides a method for calculating the earth and stone excavation quantity based on low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional reconstruction technology, which is shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following specific calculation processes:
in the embodiment, firstly, 2 reference scales with lengths of 5 meters and 10 meters are arranged in a monitoring target area, and secondly, the monitoring target is shot at regular intervals, fixed points and different angles by using an image acquisition tool, so that an initial image is obtained. The image acquisition tool can be an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying a single lens or a common digital camera and the like, and needs to be capable of meeting the requirement that the adjacent images have more than 70% of overlapping degree.
In this example, a slag field of 50m×50m is selected as the monitoring target area, and 2 scales are respectively placed on two sides of the slag field and are simply fixed, so that the scale surface is ensured to face upwards. And then the image acquisition tool is used for shooting the slag field at regular intervals, fixed points and different angles to obtain an initial photo. The specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) shooting the slag field for two periods;
(2) the same equipment, the same scale and the same range are used for each shooting period, and the shooting range must contain an unchanged area;
(3) when shooting, all the slag field in each direction is shot, the shooting speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be very high, and the shooting is very comprehensive.
And then, processing the initial image by using ContextCapture processing software, importing image data in stages, selecting the length of a scale in software reference length parameters, and automatically selecting connection points and performing space three encryption by using the software. And then, respectively reconstructing three-dimensional models of the image data of the two periods of the slag field by using ContextCapture processing software, and respectively deriving two-period three-dimensional model data. The whole process does not need control points, so that the field workload is greatly reduced.
Finally, analyzing and calculating three-dimensional model data of two phases of the slag field by using geomatic Studio processing software, wherein the concrete method comprises the following steps:
and importing and locking the first-stage slag field model in Geomagic Studio software, importing the second-stage slag field model, and then using the unchanged area of the first-stage model as a reference, performing convergence fitting on the unchanged area of the second-stage model to the first-stage model, and superposing the unchanged areas of the two-stage models together with the minimum convergence value. Finally, integrating to calculate the square quantity of the slag field change area, and obtaining the square quantity of the slag field change area of 798.33m through software 3 。
The method for calculating the earth and stone excavation quantity based on the low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional reconstruction technology is a computer image processing technology with strong operability, low cost and higher precision. The method can directly extract the connection point data of the monitoring area from the photo shot by the real object through image processing software, thereby realizing rapid three-dimensional model reconstruction, automatically converging and calculating the model overlapped with different periods through the processing software, and thus obtaining the change condition of the monitoring area in different periods completely and with high precision. The method has the advantages of strong operability, lower equipment cost, high sampling rate, high precision and resolution, no need of control points and the like. Therefore, the method is believed to be used for calculating the fast square quantity such as the soil and slag quantity and the like, has a good application prospect in water and soil conservation monitoring work, can achieve synchronous improvement of efficiency and precision, can provide visual and accurate information for displaying the dynamic state of water and soil loss of construction projects, and can provide more detailed archive data for water and soil conservation design and the like. .
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the basic principles and features of the invention, and the detailed description has been given for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.
Claims (7)
1. The method for calculating the earth and stone excavation and filling square quantity based on the low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional reconstruction technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, placing a plurality of length scales in a region to be monitored;
step 2, acquiring a plurality of initial images of different angles of the same area to be monitored in a periodic form;
step 3, extracting connection points of the initial image;
step 4, generating a TIN triangular network according to the image data and the scale reference length, so as to realize the reconstruction of the three-dimensional model of the area to be monitored and generate the three-dimensional model of the area to be monitored;
and 5, performing convergence calculation according to the unchanged area of the two-stage three-dimensional model, and attaching the two-stage model together by using a minimum convergence value, so as to calculate the change square quantity by using minimum error comparison.
2. The method for calculating the earth-filled stone quantity based on the low-altitude remote sensing and the three-dimensional reconstruction technology as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step 1 is to place 1-2 length scales.
3. The method for calculating the earth and rock excavation amount based on the low-altitude remote sensing and the three-dimensional reconstruction technology as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step 2 is to acquire the initial image by means of unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photographing.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step 2, the initial images include areas around the excavated area that are unchanged, and overlapping degree of two adjacent initial images is more than 70%.
5. The method for calculating the earth and rock excavation quantity based on the low-altitude remote sensing and three-dimensional reconstruction technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 3 extracts the initial image connection point by using ContextCapture software.
6. The method for calculating the amount of earth-filled rock based on the low-altitude remote sensing and the three-dimensional reconstruction technique according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the convergence calculation based on the area unchanged by the two-stage three-dimensional model comprises: and (3) importing and locking the first expected monitoring area model, importing a second period of area model to be monitored, and then using the unchanged area of the first period of model as a reference, wherein the unchanged area of the second period of model is subjected to convergence fitting to form the first period of model.
7. The method for calculating the earthmoving mass based on the low-altitude remote sensing and the three-dimensional reconstruction technique according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the step 5 uses geomic Studio software to perform convergence and variance calculation on the monitored area.
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| JP2017227565A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-12-28 | 大成建設株式会社 | Dam construction survey photographing method, dam construction finished shape management drawing generation method using the same, concrete installation amount calculation method, finished shape management drawing generation system, concrete installation amount calculation system, and finished shape management drawing generation assistance program |
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| CN105469385A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-04-06 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Water and soil conservation monitoring method based on three-dimensional image reconstruction and analysis technology |
| CN105783810B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2018-06-15 | 昆山数字城市信息技术有限公司 | Engineering earthwork measuring method based on unmanned plane camera work |
| CN107844802A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-27 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Water and soil conservation value method based on unmanned plane low-altitude remote sensing and object oriented classification |
| CN108121853B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2021-03-26 | 吴先富 | System and method for calculating excavation and filling engineering quantity based on AutoCAD |
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| JP2017227565A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-12-28 | 大成建設株式会社 | Dam construction survey photographing method, dam construction finished shape management drawing generation method using the same, concrete installation amount calculation method, finished shape management drawing generation system, concrete installation amount calculation system, and finished shape management drawing generation assistance program |
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