CN109444709B - Wind turbine generator testing system design method based on virtual instrument technology - Google Patents
Wind turbine generator testing system design method based on virtual instrument technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN109444709B CN109444709B CN201811042006.XA CN201811042006A CN109444709B CN 109444709 B CN109444709 B CN 109444709B CN 201811042006 A CN201811042006 A CN 201811042006A CN 109444709 B CN109444709 B CN 109444709B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
- G01R31/281—Specific types of tests or tests for a specific type of fault, e.g. thermal mapping, shorts testing
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Abstract
The invention provides a wind turbine generator testing system design method based on a virtual instrument technology. The wind turbine generator testing system based on the virtual instrument technology comprises a hardware platform and a software platform, wherein the hardware platform comprises an embedded industrial personal computer, a data acquisition card, a terminal display screen, a signal conditioning board, a testing needle bed, an adaptive interface and the like. The software platform is used as the core of the automatic test system, based on a virtual instrument technology, NI LabVIEW is used as a software development environment, a fuzzy comprehensive judgment theory and a fault tree analysis method are used as a fault diagnosis method, a human-computer interaction interface and a fault test interface are established, and intelligent diagnosis of a fault circuit board of the wind turbine generator is achieved. The test system is mainly used for various circuit boards of the wind turbine generator, is flexible in design method, can be applied to the traditional field, and has the characteristics of high flexibility and strong universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the wind power generation technology, and particularly relates to a wind turbine generator testing system design method based on a virtual instrument technology.
Background
The common large wind turbine generator set is provided with an independent variable pitch control system, and the variable pitch control system has the function of controlling the rotation of blades to ensure that the wind turbine generator set outputs the maximum power or controlling the shutdown to ensure the safety when wind energy is collected. And various circuit boards in the variable pitch control system work coordinately, and once a fault occurs, the wind turbine generator directly needs to enter a shutdown state. During operation and maintenance, the circuit board is directly replaced, and effective fault diagnosis cannot be carried out.
At present, the automatic test system is mainly applied to the field of military radar digital circuit board test, and the civil automatic test system is still in the development stage and is mainly used for circuit board fault diagnosis in the traditional industrial field. The method aims at the problem that the fault diagnosis of the circuit board of the variable pitch control system of the wind turbine generator is still in a starting stage, the test means is mainly semi-automatic test, time and labor are consumed in operation and maintenance, and effective fault test cannot be formed. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce an automatic test system to test the fault circuit board of the pitch control system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wind turbine generator testing system design method based on a virtual instrument technology.
The technical solution for realizing the invention is as follows: a wind turbine generator testing system design method based on a virtual instrument technology comprises the following specific steps:
Preferably, the hardware platform of the wind turbine testing system comprises an embedded computer, a data acquisition card, a terminal interface, a signal conditioning board, a testing needle bed and an adaptive interface, the tested circuit board is connected with the signal conditioning board through the adaptive interface, the testing needle bed is connected with the tested circuit board through a testing probe and transmits signals to the signal conditioning board, the signal conditioning board transmits signals to the data acquisition card, the embedded computer communicates with the data acquisition card and controls the data acquisition card to work, and the embedded computer is connected with the terminal interface to perform human-computer interaction
Preferably, the signal conditioning board comprises a resistance voltage division circuit and a linear isolation circuit, wherein the resistance voltage division circuit is used for reducing the amplitude of the input voltage through serially connecting resistors so as to ensure that the requirement of the voltage input range of the data acquisition card is met; the linear isolation circuit is used for isolating input signals through the linear optocoupler and the operational amplifier, and the working safety of the rear-end data acquisition card and the embedded computer is guaranteed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the invention introduces the automatic test system into the fault diagnosis of the circuit board of the pitch control system of the wind turbine generator, and can form a unified test theory and flow, thereby carrying out flow operation during the fault diagnosis of the circuit board, greatly improving the working efficiency, simultaneously updating the circuit board when the circuit board has faults, effectively prolonging the service life of the circuit board through automatic test, and greatly reducing the operation and maintenance cost.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine testing system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a resistive divider circuit of the signal conditioning board of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the influences of circuit boards M1-M4 in embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a fault tree model of a circuit board voltage regulator circuit module according to embodiment 1;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of the fault diagnosis test procedure in embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
A wind turbine generator testing system design method based on a virtual instrument technology comprises the following specific steps:
And 2, building a hardware platform of the wind turbine testing system, wherein the wind turbine testing system comprises an embedded computer 1, a data acquisition card 2, a terminal interface 3, a signal conditioning board 4, a testing needle bed 5 and an adaptation interface 6, the embedded computer 1 communicates with the data acquisition card 2 through a PCI (peripheral component interconnect) expansion interface and controls the data acquisition card 2 to work, the embedded computer 1 and the terminal interface 3 carry out communication control testing procedures and man-machine interaction through a DVI-I (digital video interface-I) connecting line, the adaptation interface 6 is connected with a tested circuit board and the signal conditioning board 4 through a plug-in type interface, the testing needle bed 5 is connected with the tested circuit board through a testing probe, signals are transmitted to the signal conditioning board 4 through the connecting line, the signal conditioning board 4 transmits signals to the data acquisition card 2 through a patch line, and the data acquisition card.
And 3, constructing a software platform of the wind turbine testing system, wherein the software platform of the wind turbine testing system adopts a virtual instrument NI LabVIEW as a software development environment of a testing program set, the testing program set comprises a human-computer interaction interface and a fault diagnosis interface, and the fault diagnosis interface comprises a PMPC testing interface and an M1-M4 diagnosis interface. The human-computer interaction interface is used for recording various aspects of data of each fault diagnosis so as to backup and call the fault diagnosis interface; and the fault diagnosis interface carries out amplitude correction on the acquired voltage signals by using a fault diagnosis method, then carries out comparison analysis on the voltage signals and data of a circuit board fault comparison library, and determines the fault occurrence position according to the threshold.
In some embodiments, the fault diagnosis method in step 3 specifically includes: by studying the working principle diagram of the circuit board, a fault cause set M (M1, M2, M3, L and Mn) is established, and a fault cause fuzzy vector is M (u)m1,um2,um3,L,umn) M is the membership degree corresponding to the diagnosis object fault cause set M respectively;
the matrix for recording the mutual influence of the fault reasons is as follows:
in the formula, rijThe influence relation factor of the ith fault cause on the jth fault cause is shown, and r is satisfiedij＝0 or 1；
At the same time, the weight factor set for recording the failure reason is
The weighting factors of M i fault causes when the circuit board is in fault are recorded as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sum of the impact relation factors of the ith fault cause,
and the sum of the influence relation factors of the ith fault cause on the jth fault cause is shown.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the wind turbine generator testing system based on the virtual instrument technology designed by the present invention includes a terminal interface, an embedded computer, a data acquisition card, a signal conditioning board, a needle bed, an adaptive interface, etc. The embedded computer 1 communicates with the data acquisition card 2 through a PCI (peripheral component interconnect) expansion interface and controls the data acquisition card 2 to work, the embedded computer 1 and the terminal interface 3 carry out communication control test procedures and carry out man-machine interaction through a DVI-I (digital visual interface-input) connecting line, the adaptive interface 6 is connected with the tested circuit board and the signal conditioning board 4 through a plug-in interface, the test needle bed 5 is connected with the tested circuit board through a test probe and transmits signals to the signal conditioning board 4 through the connecting line, the signal conditioning board 4 transmits signals to the data acquisition card 2 through a patch cord, and the data acquisition card 2 carries out acquisition and processing. The terminal interface is used as a human-computer interaction interface and is mainly used for testing operation of actual testing personnel. The data acquisition card communicates with the embedded computer through the PCI interface, so that an operator can control the data acquisition card to work through the terminal. The analog input port and the output port of the data acquisition card are connected to the outside through the patch cord to form a good external interface, so that good plugging performance is guaranteed.
The signal conditioning board is divided into a resistance voltage division circuit and a linear isolation circuit. The resistive divider circuit uses a reticle resistance (error rate of 2%), which includes 20K and 10K, to perform 1/3 resistive division, as shown in fig. 2. The specific formula is as follows:
U1is the divided voltage, U is the collected input voltage, R1,R2Is a series resistance, R2＝2R1。
The linear isolation circuit adopts an HCNR201 high-speed linear optocoupler as a main element, comprises a remote LMV321, and a resistor and a capacitor to form the linear isolation circuit, and isolates a front-end input signal from a rear-end output signal, thereby achieving the effect of protecting rear-end equipment.
The test needle bed is designed for acquiring signals in real time, the transparent acrylic plate with the same size as the test circuit board is used as the test needle bed in the embodiment, and the test probe adopts a three-pin probe so as to be in contact with the test pins better. After the circuit board test point of the first test is determined, drilling operation matched with the size of the test probe is carried out on the acrylic plate, so that the test probe is fixed on the acrylic plate to form a test needle bed, and then the test probe is led out through a DuPont wire to be connected with an input signal interface of a signal conditioning plate to form a signal acquisition channel.
The plug-in type adaptive interface is used for simulating the actual working environment of a circuit board, when an example test object is obtained, a required working signal needs to be analyzed before testing, and a PMPC (programmable logic controller) of the test object is provided with a non-standardized 14-pin interface.
The hardware equipment is connected through the connecting wire, the hardware platform is built, and the test requirement can be completed only by operating through software.
As shown in fig. 3, when a PMPC preliminary test is performed, the membership of each functional module to a circuit board fault is obtained through the relationship between the functional modules of the circuit boards, so that intelligent diagnosis of the fault modules with priority can be performed during the preliminary test, and the cause of the fault can be found more quickly. In this embodiment, the following concrete steps are performed:
establishing M1, M2, M3 and M4 according to the functions and connection conditions of circuit modules of the PMPC (programmable logic controller) of a test object, wherein M1 is a driving circuit fault; m2 is a voltage regulator circuit fault; m3 is a start-up circuit fault; m4 is a power supply circuit fault, and the mutual influence relationship diagram of the four fault causes obtains the mutual influence relationship matrix of the fault causes as follows:
from the above formula matrix, the weight factor set for obtaining the fault cause is P1＝(0.1,0.3,0.2,0.4)；
In the digital-analog hybrid circuit, because the digital circuit mainly consists of a digital IC, the integration level is high, and the reliability of the digital circuit during operation is high. The analog circuit generally comprises a circuit structure with high power and large instantaneous voltage or current, and high temperature caused by serious heating easily causes component damage and circuit failure. According to the data, it is shown that 80% of circuit failures occur in analog circuits and only 20% of the failures occur in digital circuits.
According to the working principle diagram of the circuit board of the existing manual test, the power supply circuit module is directly connected with a power supply, belongs to the circuit structure which is most prone to faults, other circuits are mainly integrated chips, and the reliability is high, so that the inherent fault probability set of the component is represented as (0.2,0.2,0.2.0.8), and the weight factor set of the fault reasons is as follows:
so the set of weight factors of the fault cause is
Fuzzy vectors of fault causes can be obtained, namely the membership degree of each fault cause to the circuit board fault is as follows:
m＝(um1,um2,um3,um4)＝(0.12,0.22,0.17,0.49)
according to the fuzzy comprehensive judgment theory, the higher the membership degree, the higher the possibility of most possibly causing the circuit board fault, so the fault diagnosis judgment priorities are M4, M2, M3 and M1 in sequence.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, when the test enters the functional module level test, a fault tree model of the test object is established, so that fault diagnosis can be performed step by step to achieve the purpose of determining the fault location. According to fig. 1, the data acquisition card communicates with the embedded computer through a PCI interface, and the embedded computer develops a corresponding VI program through the nillavew to acquire, read and correct signals and realize control of the data acquisition card. The program module of the virtual instrument, namely NI LabVIEW, is a data acquisition system based on a computer and organized according to the requirements of the instrument, and can define and manufacture various instruments according to the requirements of users.
Before the circuit board fault tree model is established, the working principle of a test object is deeply known, and a relatively perfect fault tree model is established.
As shown in fig. 5, the test terminal includes a man-machine interface and a fault diagnosis interface. The main part of the man-machine interaction interface is the selection of a test object and the generation of a test report, and the selection of the test object can correspondingly call a fault diagnosis interface of the test object; the test report mainly records the time, temperature, tester and other information during testing, generates a document and stores the document.
The fault diagnosis interface is divided into a plurality of layers of VI interfaces, it can be known from FIG. 5 that the fault test needs to be performed step by step, and further test is needed when determining which part has a fault, so the VI program needs to jump into the corresponding test interface to continue deeper fault diagnosis until the determined fault position is found.
When the VI program runs, firstly, the VI program is connected with the data acquisition card, then the data acquisition card is initialized, the working mode of the data acquisition card can be set on a program interface according to requirements, and then the data acquisition card starts to work to acquire data.
And the data acquisition card continuously acquires voltage signals during working, corrects the amplitude of the voltage signals after reading the voltage signals to restore the voltage signals to actual input signals, compares the voltage signals by utilizing the range of the threshold value which is set automatically, and judges a fault when the voltage signals exceed the threshold value.
And then, carrying out next fault diagnosis, carrying out more local fault test until an accurate fault occurrence position is found, and storing test data.
Claims (3)
1. A wind turbine generator testing system design method based on a virtual instrument technology is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1, aiming at a variable pitch control system of a wind turbine generator, selecting a PMPC circuit board in a 'blue box' as an example test object according to the operation and maintenance conditions of an existing wind power plant, and forming a circuit board fault comparison library by researching the working principle of the PMPC;
step 2, building a hardware platform of the wind turbine generator testing system;
step 3, constructing a software platform of the wind turbine testing system, wherein the software platform of the wind turbine testing system comprises a human-computer interaction interface and a fault diagnosis interface, and the human-computer interaction interface is used for recording data of fault diagnosis each time to backup and call the fault diagnosis interface; the fault diagnosis interface utilizes a fault diagnosis method to carry out amplitude correction on the acquired voltage signal and then carries out comparison analysis on the voltage signal and data of a circuit board fault comparison library, and the fault occurrence position is determined through threshold demarcation;
the specific method for carrying out fault diagnosis comprises the following steps:
establishing a fault cause set of M (M1, M2, M3, …, Mn), and then the fault cause fuzzy vector is M (u)m1,um2,um3,…,umn) M is the membership degree corresponding to the diagnosis object fault cause set M respectively;
the matrix of mutual influence of fault reasons is obtained as follows:
in the formula, rijThe influence relation factor of the ith fault cause on the jth fault cause is shown, and r is satisfiedij＝0 or 1，i＝1,2,…,n；j＝1,2,…n；
Obtaining the weight factor set of the fault reasons according to the matrix of mutual influence of the fault reasons as follows:
determining the weighting factor of the Mi fault reason when the circuit board is in fault as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sum of the impact relation factors of the ith fault cause,
and the sum of the influence relation factors of the ith fault cause on the jth fault cause is shown.
2. The design method of the wind turbine generator testing system based on the virtual instrument technology is characterized in that a hardware platform of the wind turbine generator testing system comprises an embedded computer (1), a data acquisition card (2), a terminal interface (3), a signal conditioning board (4), a testing needle bed (5) and an adaptation interface (6), the tested circuit board is connected with the signal conditioning board (4) through the adaptation interface (6), the testing needle bed (5) is connected with the tested circuit board through a testing probe and transmits a signal to the signal conditioning board (4), the signal conditioning board (4) transmits a signal to the data acquisition card (2), the embedded computer (1) communicates with the data acquisition card (2) and controls the data acquisition card (2) to work, and the embedded computer (1) is connected with the terminal interface (3) for man-machine interaction.
3. The wind turbine generator testing system design method based on the virtual instrument technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the signal conditioning board (4) comprises a resistance voltage dividing circuit and a linear isolation circuit, and the resistance voltage dividing circuit is used for reducing the amplitude of input voltage through series connection of resistors so as to ensure that the voltage input range requirement of the data acquisition card (2) is met; the linear isolation circuit is used for isolating input signals through a linear optical coupler and an operational amplifier, and the working safety of the rear-end data acquisition card (2) and the embedded computer (1) is guaranteed.
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