CN109442888B - Drying system based on heat pump - Google Patents
Drying system based on heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN109442888B CN109442888B CN201810187514.0A CN201810187514A CN109442888B CN 109442888 B CN109442888 B CN 109442888B CN 201810187514 A CN201810187514 A CN 201810187514A CN 109442888 B CN109442888 B CN 109442888B
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 319
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000000599 Lentinula edodes Species 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 235000001715 Lentinula edodes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/08—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for drying or roasting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
- F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/001—Heating arrangements using waste heat
- F26B23/002—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases
- F26B23/005—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases using a closed cycle heat pump system ; using a heat pipe system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/08—Parts thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
- F26B25/18—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly open, e.g. dish, tray, pan, rack
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a drying system based on a heat pump, aiming at providing a drying system which can not only overcome the problems of large wood consumption and environmental pollution of the traditional mushroom drying; but also can effectively improve the problem of the heating uniformity of the mushroom cap edge in the drying process. The air duct system comprises a main air duct, an air return opening communicated with the main air duct and the air return duct, an air return valve for controlling the on-off of the air return opening, an exhaust duct with one end communicated with the air return duct, a fresh air duct communicated with the outside of the drying room and the main air duct and a fresh air valve for controlling the on-off of the fresh air duct; the heat pump comprises an indoor unit arranged in the main air duct; the bottom of the inner cavity of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber air inlet, the top of the inner cavity of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber air outlet, and a mushroom drying rack is arranged in the inner cavity of the drying chamber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to drying equipment, in particular to a drying system based on a heat pump.
Background
The mushroom is one of edible mushrooms, is delicious in taste and high in nutritional value, and is popular with consumers. The mushrooms are picked, the mushrooms are subjected to primary processing, and then the mushrooms are packaged and sold. The most important process in the primary processing of the mushrooms is a drying process, and the drying process of the mushrooms plays a decisive role in the quality of dried mushrooms.
In traditional mushroom stoving process, utilize timber burning with gaseous heating to required temperature, reuse fan or air pump with high-temperature gas send into the drying chamber in order to heat the interior mushroom of drying chamber, this kind of stoving mode exists that the timber consumption is big, has improved the stoving cost to can not enough such as polluted environment.
Therefore, the inventor invents a mushroom drying device in 2016 (Chinese patent application No. 201621464225.3, published 2017, 8 and 8, the name invented and created is a mushroom drying device), the mushroom drying device utilizes a heat pump to provide heat energy to dry mushrooms, and the defects existing in the traditional mushroom drying process are effectively overcome, but the defects still exist: this mushroom drying device's the indoor hot gas flow of stoving is the horizontal direction and flows through mushroom stoving frame, and this makes the mushroom at the stoving in-process, and the mushroom lid reason is heated unevenly, and the mushroom lid reason towards the air inlet side is heated and is inwards turned over the volume big, and the mushroom lid reason that is back to the air inlet side is heated and inwards turned over the volume little, causes the dry lid reason of mushroom and inwards turns over the volume uneven, and the circularity of the dry mushroom is not good, influences the quality that the mushroom was done.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mushroom drying machine which can solve the problems of high wood consumption, high drying cost and environmental pollution of the traditional mushroom drying machine; but also can effectively improve the heating uniformity of the mushroom cap edge in the drying process of the mushroom, and avoid the problem that the cap edge of the mushroom is not uniformly turned inwards due to the uneven heating of the mushroom cap edge, which affects the quality of the mushroom.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a drying system based on a heat pump comprises a drying room, the heat pump, a drying chamber arranged in the drying room and an air duct system, wherein the air duct system comprises a main air duct, a return air inlet communicated with the main air duct and the return air duct, a return air valve for controlling the on-off of the return air inlet, an exhaust duct with one end communicated with the return air duct, a fresh air duct communicated with the outside of the drying room and the main air duct and a fresh air valve for controlling the on-off of the fresh air duct; the heat pump comprises an outdoor unit and an indoor unit arranged in the main air duct; the bottom of the inner cavity of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber air inlet communicated with the main air duct, the top of the inner cavity of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber air outlet communicated with the return air duct, a mushroom drying rack is arranged in the inner cavity of the drying chamber, the mushroom drying rack comprises a plurality of mushroom drying sieves which are sequentially distributed from bottom to top, and the mushroom drying sieves are positioned between the drying chamber air inlet and the drying chamber air outlet.
The drying system based on the heat pump utilizes the outer machine of the heat pump to provide heat energy for the indoor machine, the indoor machine forms hot air flow in the main air duct to enter the drying chamber to dry mushrooms, wood is not needed, the drying cost of the mushrooms is reduced, and the environment is not polluted in the working process.
On the other hand, hot air in the main air duct enters the inner cavity of the drying chamber through the air inlet of the drying chamber and is discharged from the air outlet of the drying chamber, so that hot air flowing from bottom to top is formed in the inner cavity of the drying chamber, the mushroom drying screen is sequentially distributed from bottom to top and is positioned between the air inlet of the drying chamber and the air outlet of the drying chamber (mushrooms are placed on the mushroom drying screen, mushroom feet of the mushrooms are upward), therefore, in the process of drying the mushrooms, the mushrooms are dried by the hot air flowing from bottom to top, the cap edges of the mushrooms are heated simultaneously, the cap edges of the mushrooms are heated uniformly, the cap edges of the mushrooms are rolled uniformly inwards, the roundness of the mushrooms is good, and the quality of the mushrooms is improved.
Preferably, the drying room further comprises an evaporator chamber arranged in the drying room, the evaporator chamber is provided with a vent communicated with the outside of the drying room, the external unit is positioned in the evaporator chamber, and the other end of the exhaust duct is communicated with the evaporator chamber.
In the scheme, hot air flow exhausted from the air outlet of the drying chamber can enter the evaporator chamber where the outer machine is located through the exhaust duct, so that heat energy is further recycled.
Preferably, the air duct system is positioned between the drying chamber and the evaporator chamber, the return air duct and the fresh air duct are positioned above the indoor unit, and the air inlet of the drying chamber is positioned below the indoor unit. The structure of the scheme can improve the structural compactness of the drying room and reduce the volume of the drying room.
As preferred, the mushroom is dried and is put up still includes a plurality of and mushroom drying sieve one-to-one's drying sieve rack, and mushroom drying sieve places on the drying sieve rack that corresponds, and drying sieve rack includes two drying sieve backup pads that set up on the medial surface of the inner chamber of drying chamber, in same drying sieve rack: the two drying sieve supporting plates are positioned on two opposite inner side surfaces of an inner cavity of the drying chamber, and the two drying sieve supporting plates are positioned at the same height. This scheme structure is convenient for getting of mushroom drying sieve to put, the actual operation of being convenient for.
Preferably, the drying screen supporting plate is horizontally arranged.
As preferred, the drying sieve rack still includes the floating drying sieve of one-to-one setting in the drying sieve backup pad and places positioning mechanism, and floating drying sieve is placed positioning mechanism and is placed the board including setting up the vertical guide arm in the drying sieve backup pad, the drying sieve that goes up and down along vertical guide arm, set up on the lateral surface of vertical guide arm and lie in the drying sieve and place the board stopper of placing of the below of board, set up limit baffle and the cover of the lower extreme at vertical guide arm and set up on vertical guide arm and lie in limit baffle and drying sieve and place the reset spring between the board, the drying sieve is placed the board and is located the below of drying sieve backup pad, places the board when supporting on placing the board stopper when the drying sieve: an airflow passage for air circulation is formed between the drying sieve placing plate and the drying sieve supporting plate; the mushroom drying sieve is placed on the drying sieve placing plate of the corresponding drying sieve placing frame.
In the actual operation process, after the fresh mushrooms are placed on the mushroom drying sieve, the fresh mushrooms almost cover the sieve pores of the mushroom drying sieve, so that the following problems are caused:
in the initial stage of mushroom drying, because the fresh mushrooms cover the sieve pores of the mushroom drying sieve, a large amount of hot air flow entering the inner cavity of the drying chamber from the air inlet of the drying chamber is gathered at the bottom of the drying chamber, and the hot air flow is difficult to smoothly circulate upwards; in the initial stage of drying the mushrooms, the fresh mushrooms are high in moisture content and high in humidity, and most importantly, the moisture on the surfaces of the mushrooms is quickly removed, too high temperature cannot exist, and the drying quality of the mushrooms is influenced by the too high temperature; therefore, hot air flow is difficult to smoothly circulate upwards, so that moisture on the surfaces of the mushrooms cannot be quickly removed, and meanwhile, the drying efficiency of the mushrooms at the middle upper part of the drying chamber is also seriously reduced; because a large amount of hot air flow is gathered at the bottom of the drying chamber, the temperature of the mushrooms at the bottom of the drying chamber in the initial stage of mushroom drying is overhigh, and the drying quality of the mushrooms at the bottom of the drying chamber is influenced.
This scheme improves stoving sieve rack to above-mentioned problem, has designed floating stoving sieve and has placed positioning mechanism to effectively solve above-mentioned problem, simultaneously, still can not influence the mushroom drying efficiency and the quality of mushroom stoving subsequent stage (mushroom stoving keeps the stage, mushroom stoving hasten the dryly, carry fragrant stage).
Preferably, the drying screen placing plate is provided with vertical guide holes matched with the vertical guide rods, and the vertical guide rods penetrate through the corresponding vertical guide holes.
Preferably, the mushroom drying sieves are sequentially distributed at equal intervals from bottom to top.
Preferably, the fresh air duct passes through the exhaust duct.
The new wind channel of this scheme passes the exhaust duct, and this hot gas flow can also heat the air in the new wind channel through the in-process of exhaust duct to further carry out recycle to heat energy.
Preferably, the air duct system further comprises an exhaust valve for controlling the on-off of the exhaust duct.
Preferably, the drying device further comprises an electric auxiliary heating device, the electric auxiliary heating device is arranged in the main air duct, and the electric auxiliary heating device is located between the indoor unit and the air inlet of the drying chamber. The electric auxiliary heating device can assist the indoor unit under the condition of low weather temperature (such as winter), and hot air flow is formed in the main air duct, so that the drying efficiency is improved.
Preferably, one side of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber door for the mushroom drying screen to go in and out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the problems of large wood consumption, high drying cost and environmental pollution of the traditional shiitake mushroom drying process can be solved; and the heating uniformity of the mushroom cap edge in the drying process of the mushrooms can be effectively improved, the mushroom dry cap edge is turned inwards uniformly, the roundness of the mushroom dry is good, the quality of the mushroom dry is improved, and the problem that the quality of the mushroom dry is affected due to the fact that the mushroom dry cap edge is turned inwards non-uniformly because of the non-uniform heating of the mushroom cap edge is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat pump-based drying system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a drying chamber in the working process according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of B in fig. 3.
In the figure:
the drying chamber comprises a drying chamber 1, a drying chamber air inlet 1.1, a drying chamber air outlet 1.2 and a drying chamber door 1.3;
drying and screening the mushrooms 2;
the device comprises a drying screen placing frame 3, a drying screen supporting plate 3.1, a floating type drying screen placing and positioning mechanism 3.2, a vertical guide rod 3.2.1, a drying screen placing plate 3.2.2, a placing plate limiting block 3.2.3, a return spring 3.2.4 and a limiting baffle 3.2.5;
an air duct system 4 in the drying room, a main air duct 4.1, an air return duct 4.2, an exhaust duct 4.3, a new air duct 4.4, an air return valve 4.5, a new air valve 4.6 and an exhaust valve 4.7;
an evaporator chamber 5;
an outdoor unit 6.1 and an indoor unit 6.2;
an electric auxiliary heating device 7;
an airflow passageway 8.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings:
example 1: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a drying system based on a heat pump includes a drying room, a heat pump, an electric auxiliary heating device 7, a drying room 1 disposed in the drying room, an air duct system 4 disposed in the drying room, and an evaporator chamber 5 disposed in the drying room.
The air duct system is positioned between the drying chamber and the evaporator chamber. The air duct system comprises a main air duct 4.1, an air return duct 4.2, an air return opening for communicating the main air duct and the air return duct, an air return valve 4.5 for controlling the on-off of the air return opening, an air exhaust duct 4.3 with one end communicated with the air return duct, an air exhaust valve 4.7 for controlling the on-off of the air exhaust duct, a fresh air duct 4.4 for communicating the outside of the drying room with the main air duct and a fresh air valve 4.6 for controlling the on-off of the fresh air duct. The new air duct passes through the exhaust duct. The other end of the exhaust duct is communicated with the evaporator chamber. The main air duct extends up and down. The return air duct is close to the top of the drying room. The exhaust duct is close to the top of the drying room.
The heat pump comprises an outdoor unit 6.1 and an indoor unit 6.2 arranged in the main air duct. The air return duct and the fresh air duct are positioned above the indoor unit. The air inlet of the drying chamber is positioned below the indoor unit.
The electric auxiliary heating device is an electric heater, such as an electric heating wire or an electric heating rod. The electric auxiliary heating device is arranged in the main air duct and is positioned between the indoor unit and the air inlet of the drying chamber.
The evaporator chamber is provided with a ventilation opening communicated with the outside of the drying room. The outer unit is located in the evaporator chamber.
The bottom of the inner cavity of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber air inlet 1.1 communicated with the main air duct. The top of the inner cavity of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber air outlet 1.2 communicated with the air return channel. The inner cavity of the drying chamber is internally provided with a mushroom drying rack.
The mushroom drying frame comprises a plurality of mushroom drying sieves 2 which are distributed from bottom to top in sequence at equal intervals and drying sieve placing frames 3 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the mushroom drying sieves. One side of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber door 1.3 for the mushroom drying screen to come in and go out. The mushroom drying sieve is horizontally arranged. The mushroom drying sieve is placed on the corresponding drying sieve placing rack. The mushroom drying sieve is located between the drying chamber air inlet and the drying chamber air outlet.
The drying sieve placing frame comprises two drying sieve supporting plates 3.1 arranged on the inner side surface of the inner cavity of the drying chamber. The drying screen supporting plate is horizontally arranged. In same stoving sieve rack: the two drying sieve supporting plates are positioned on two opposite inner side surfaces of an inner cavity of the drying chamber, and the two drying sieve supporting plates are positioned at the same height. In this embodiment: the mushroom drying sieve is placed on the two drying sieve supporting plates of the corresponding drying sieve placing rack.
The specific application of the heat pump-based drying system of the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, uniformly placing fresh mushrooms on a mushroom drying sieve, wherein mushroom feet of the mushrooms placed on the mushroom drying sieve are upward;
placing the mushroom drying sieve with the fresh mushrooms on the drying sieve support plate of the corresponding drying sieve placing frame;
secondly, closing a drying chamber door, opening a heat pump, and drying, wherein the shiitake mushroom drying sequentially comprises the following stages;
mushroom drying initial stage:
in the stage, because the fresh lentinus edodes has high water content and high humidity, most importantly, the surface water of the lentinus edodes can be quickly removed, and meanwhile, too high temperature cannot exist; therefore, in the initial stage of drying the mushrooms: the air return valve is closed, and the exhaust valve and the fresh air valve are fully opened;
the indoor unit works in the main air duct to form hot air flow, the hot air flow enters the inner cavity of the drying chamber through the air inlet of the drying chamber, the hot air flow enters the drying chamber to form hot air flow flowing from bottom to top in the drying chamber, and then the hot air flow is discharged from the air outlet of the drying chamber and is discharged into the evaporator chamber through the air return duct and the exhaust duct; meanwhile, outside air enters the main air duct through the fresh air duct;
in this process: the hot air flow can also heat the air in the fresh air duct in the process of passing through the exhaust duct, so that the heat energy is recycled for one time; the hot air flow enters the evaporator chamber where the external unit is located, so that the heat energy is recycled for the second time, and the energy consumption loss is greatly reduced.
And (3) drying and keeping the mushrooms:
in the stage, as the shiitake is heated for a period of time, the moisture of the shiitake is reduced, the drying temperature is increased, and the discharged air flow is reduced; therefore, in the shiitake mushroom drying and maintaining stage: the return air valve is partially opened, and the exhaust air valve and the fresh air valve are partially opened;
part of hot air flow discharged from the air outlet of the drying chamber enters the main air duct through the return air duct for recycling; the other part of hot air flow is discharged into the evaporator chamber through the air return duct and the exhaust duct; meanwhile, the outside air entering the main air duct through the fresh air duct is reduced; thereby improving the drying temperature, reducing the exhausted airflow and reducing the heat loss.
Also, in this process: the hot air flow can also heat the air in the fresh air duct in the process of passing through the exhaust duct, so that the heat energy is recycled for one time; the hot air flow enters the evaporator chamber where the external unit is located, so that the heat energy is recycled for the second time, and the energy consumption loss is greatly reduced.
Drying and accelerating drying of mushrooms and fragrance improving:
the stage is the final stage of the shiitake mushroom drying, as the humidity of the shiitake mushroom is close to the drying requirement, the moisture of the shiitake mushroom is less, and the shiitake mushroom drying must reach higher temperature in order to promote the decomposition of the flavor elements in the shiitake mushroom; therefore, in the stages of drying and accelerating the drying and aroma raising of the mushrooms: the air return valve is fully opened, and the exhaust valve and the fresh air valve are closed;
hot air flow discharged from an air outlet of the drying chamber is completely recycled in the main air duct through the air return duct, and the hot air flow is not discharged outwards in a recycling manner, so that heat loss of the drying device is greatly reduced, and the quality of the mushrooms is improved.
More importantly, the shiitake mushrooms in the embodiment are dried in each stage; the mushroom is dried by hot air flow flowing from bottom to top, the mushroom cap edge is heated at the same time, and the mushroom cap edge is heated uniformly, so that the mushroom stem cap edge is rolled uniformly inwards, the roundness of the mushroom stem is good, and the quality of the mushroom stem is improved.
Example 2: the rest of the structure of the present embodiment is as described in embodiment 1, except that:
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the drying sieve placing frame further comprises floating type drying sieve placing and positioning mechanisms 3.2 which are arranged on the drying sieve supporting plate in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The floating type drying sieve placing and positioning mechanism comprises a vertical guide rod 3.2.1 arranged on a drying sieve supporting plate, a drying sieve placing plate 3.2.2 lifted along the vertical guide rod, a placing plate limiting block 3.2.3 arranged on the outer side surface of the vertical guide rod and positioned below the drying sieve placing plate, a limiting baffle 3.2.5 arranged at the lower end of the vertical guide rod, and a reset spring 3.2.4 arranged on the vertical guide rod and positioned between the limiting baffle and the drying sieve placing plate. In this embodiment, the number of the vertical guide rods of the same floating type drying sieve placing and positioning mechanism is two. The drying sieve placing plate is provided with vertical guide holes matched with the vertical guide rods, and the vertical guide rods penetrate through the corresponding vertical guide holes.
The drying sieve placing plate is positioned below the drying sieve supporting plate. The drying sieve placing plate is parallel to the drying sieve supporting plate.
As shown in fig. 4, when the drying sieve placing plate abuts against the placing plate limiting block: an airflow passage 8 for air circulation is formed between the drying sieve placing plate and the drying sieve supporting plate.
In this embodiment: the mushroom drying sieve is placed on the drying sieve placing plate of the corresponding drying sieve placing frame.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, after the mushroom drying sieve with the fresh mushrooms placed thereon is placed on the drying sieve placing plate of the corresponding drying sieve placing rack, because the fresh mushrooms are heavy, the mushroom drying sieve overcomes the elastic force of the return spring at the moment, so that the drying sieve placing plate moves downwards along the vertical guide rod until the drying sieve is placed against the placing plate limiting block.
After the drying sieve placing plate is abutted against the placing plate limiting block, an airflow passage for air circulation is formed between the drying sieve placing plate and the drying sieve supporting plate; thus, in the initial stage of drying the mushrooms: hot air flow entering the bottom of the inner cavity of the drying chamber from the air inlet of the drying chamber can flow from bottom to top through an air flow passage formed between the drying screen placing plate and the drying screen supporting plate, so that the moisture on the surface of the mushroom can be smoothly taken away by the hot air flow at the initial stage of mushroom drying; thereby avoiding the occurrence of the steps in the initial stage of drying the mushrooms: the problem that the moisture on the surface of the mushrooms cannot be quickly removed due to the fact that hot air flow is difficult to smoothly circulate upwards, and the drying efficiency of the mushrooms at the middle upper part of the drying chamber is seriously reduced; and because a large amount of hot air flow is gathered at the bottom of the drying chamber, the temperature of the shiitake mushrooms at the bottom of the drying chamber in the initial shiitake mushroom drying stage is too high, and the drying quality of the shiitake mushrooms at the bottom of the drying chamber is influenced.
After the mushrooms are dried for a period of time, the moisture of the mushrooms is reduced, the weight of the mushrooms is reduced, at the moment, the drying sieve placing plate moves upwards along the vertical guide rod under the action of the return spring until the drying sieve is placed and supported on the lower surface of the drying sieve supporting plate.
When the drying screen is placed and abutted against the lower surface of the drying screen supporting plate, an airflow passageway between the drying screen placing plate and the drying screen supporting plate is closed; at the moment, because the mushroom cover edge on the mushroom drying sieve is turned inwards in a certain amount to shrink, gaps are formed among mushrooms on the mushroom drying sieve, partial sieve pores of the mushroom drying sieve are opened, hot air can directly circulate from bottom to top through the sieve pores of the mushroom drying sieve, and the drying efficiency and the quality of the subsequent mushroom drying stage cannot be influenced, so that the mushroom drying efficiency and the quality of the subsequent mushroom drying stage (a mushroom drying maintaining stage, a mushroom drying accelerating stage and a mushroom fragrance improving stage) are ensured.
Claims (6)
1. A drying system based on a heat pump is characterized by comprising a drying room, the heat pump, a drying room arranged in the drying room and an air duct system,
the air duct system comprises a main air duct, an air return port communicated with the main air duct and the air return duct, an air return valve for controlling the on-off of the air return port, an exhaust duct with one end communicated with the air return duct, a fresh air duct communicated with the outside of the drying room and the main air duct and a fresh air valve for controlling the on-off of the fresh air duct;
the heat pump comprises an outdoor unit and an indoor unit arranged in the main air duct;
the bottom of the inner cavity of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber air inlet communicated with the main air duct, the top of the inner cavity of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber air outlet communicated with the return air duct, a mushroom drying rack is arranged in the inner cavity of the drying chamber, the mushroom drying rack comprises a plurality of mushroom drying sieves which are sequentially distributed from bottom to top, and the mushroom drying sieves are positioned between the drying chamber air inlet and the drying chamber air outlet;
the mushroom is dried and is put up still includes a plurality of and mushroom drying sieve one-to-one's drying sieve rack, and mushroom drying sieve places on the drying sieve rack that corresponds, and drying sieve rack includes two drying sieve backup pads that set up on the medial surface of the inner chamber of drying chamber, in same drying sieve rack: the two drying screen supporting plates are positioned on two opposite inner side surfaces of an inner cavity of the drying chamber and are positioned at the same height;
the drying sieve placing frame also comprises a floating type drying sieve placing and positioning mechanism which is arranged on the drying sieve supporting plate in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the floating type drying sieve placing and positioning mechanism comprises a vertical guide rod arranged on the drying sieve supporting plate, a drying sieve placing plate which can be lifted along the vertical guide rod, a placing plate limiting block which is arranged on the outer side surface of the vertical guide rod and is positioned below the drying sieve placing plate, a limiting baffle plate arranged at the lower end of the vertical guide rod, and a return spring which is sleeved on the vertical guide rod and is positioned between the limiting baffle plate and the drying sieve placing plate, the drying sieve placing plate is positioned below the drying sieve supporting plate,
when the drying screen is placed the board and is supported on placing the board stopper: an airflow passage for air circulation is formed between the drying sieve placing plate and the drying sieve supporting plate;
the mushroom drying sieve is placed on the drying sieve placing plate of the corresponding drying sieve placing frame;
the drying screen placing plate is provided with vertical guide holes matched with the vertical guide rods, and the vertical guide rods penetrate through the corresponding vertical guide holes.
2. The heat pump-based drying system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an evaporator chamber disposed in the drying room, wherein the evaporator chamber is provided with a vent communicated with an outside of the drying room, the external unit is disposed in the evaporator chamber, and the other end of the exhaust duct is communicated with the evaporator chamber.
3. The heat pump-based drying system of claim 2, wherein the air duct system is located between the drying chamber and the evaporator chamber, the return air duct and the fresh air duct are located above the indoor unit, and the drying chamber inlet is located below the indoor unit.
4. The heat pump-based drying system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the fresh air duct passes through an exhaust duct.
5. The heat pump-based drying system as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the air duct system further comprises an exhaust valve for controlling the on-off of the exhaust duct.
6. The heat pump-based drying system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising an electric auxiliary heating device, wherein the electric auxiliary heating device is disposed in the main air duct, and the electric auxiliary heating device is located between the indoor unit and the air inlet of the drying chamber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810187514.0A CN109442888B (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-07 | Drying system based on heat pump |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810187514.0A CN109442888B (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-07 | Drying system based on heat pump |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109442888A CN109442888A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
| CN109442888B true CN109442888B (en) | 2020-06-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810187514.0A Active CN109442888B (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2018-03-07 | Drying system based on heat pump |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115947521B (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-08-15 | 湖南清源华建环境科技有限公司 | Heat pump sludge drier system |
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| CN109442888A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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