CN109442423B - Garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace capable of reducing dioxin emission - Google Patents
Garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace capable of reducing dioxin emission Download PDFInfo
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- CN109442423B CN109442423B CN201811462228.7A CN201811462228A CN109442423B CN 109442423 B CN109442423 B CN 109442423B CN 201811462228 A CN201811462228 A CN 201811462228A CN 109442423 B CN109442423 B CN 109442423B
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/06—Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a reduce rubbish gasification combustion heat source stove that dioxin discharged, through the even feeding of control rubbish and the even cloth in the furnace, avoided rubbish to pile up and get into in the furnace that forms the lump, this helps rubbish and air and combustion-supporting gas's abundant combination, promote its burning abundant, in addition, the cooperation of inner shell lower extreme through loudspeaker shape and pivoted water seal groove can be with the vitreous body slag of caking discharge and in time clear up, can guarantee the normal metabolism and the operation of rubbish of furnace body, simultaneously according to the inside temperature measurement of different temperature measurement points, and monitor the height of rubbish material in the furnace, both combine the control loading attachment that can be better and slag below, through can also coordinate and control the timing of combustion-supporting, the abundant gasification and the schizolysis of rubbish in the furnace have been realized to the furthest, the production of avoiding rubbish gasification and schizolysis produces the combustible gas that fully burns simultaneously, and the time of extender burning, further avoid the production of dioxin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage combustion energy recovery, in particular to a garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace capable of reducing dioxin emission.
Background
At present, the main stream methods of garbage disposal comprise three methods of landfill, comprehensive utilization and incineration. Landfill occupies land, pollutes the environment, is not suitable for popularization and has reached consensus, and comprehensive utilization of garbage is not approved by many experts under the condition that garbage in China is not strictly classified, and successful cases are not too many, so that main flow beliefs in China and abroad are prone to garbage incineration.
However, the waste incineration inevitably generates dioxin. Dioxin is called the first poison under the sky, garbage is continuously burnt, dioxin is continuously accumulated, and serious threat to human health cannot be formed; at present, no better garbage treatment method can only be used for landfill, garbage is continuously generated and accumulated, garbage surrounding areas are caused, garbage crisis is caused, and garbage problems are troublesome. The problem that dioxin is inevitably generated by garbage incineration is a long-felt wish of people.
The generation mechanism of dioxin during garbage incineration mainly comprises incomplete combustion in an incinerator, the temperature is lower than 750-800 ℃, hydrocarbons and chlorides are combined to generate, chlorobenzene, chlorophenol and the like adsorbed in the flue gas are generated under the catalysis of metal chloride at a certain specific temperature (250-400), the temperature is required to be controlled to be higher than 800 ℃, the high-temperature residence time of the flue gas is ensured to be higher than 2 seconds in the process, the flue gas is fully mixed and stirred to enable the flue gas to be fully and completely combusted, sufficient combustion-supporting air is provided to reduce the generation of dioxin, the existing garbage incineration equipment is poor in material feeding control, the uneven feeding is caused, the non-scattering is caused, the piled materials are thrown into a hearth, related turning facilities are not arranged in the hearth, the insufficient combustion is caused, the uneven heating value of the garbage is also not high, the waste is not high enough to be generated, the garbage combustion is not really big fire combustion is ensured, the slow and insufficient combustion is ensured, a large amount of unburned dust and dioxin are generated, the problem of the existing garbage incineration equipment is difficult to fully realize due to the fact that the conventional combustion equipment is designed to be fully and completely combusted, and the problem of the existing garbage is difficult to be fully combusted is fully and completely combusted due to the fact that the conventional combustion is fully designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace for reducing dioxin emission.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace for reducing dioxin emission comprises a furnace body, a feeding device, a ventilation mechanism and a combustible gas discharge channel, wherein the furnace body comprises an inner shell and an outer shell, an interlayer water cavity is arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell, and a water supplementing pipeline and a steam discharging pipeline are arranged on the interlayer water cavity;
the feeding device is a screw propeller type feeding device and comprises a pipe body, a hopper and a screw auger, wherein the inside of the pipe body is a discharge section which is bent downwards and penetrates into the inner shell, the lower end of the discharge section is an opening, the discharge section is provided with a plurality of material leakage gaps which are arranged along the bus direction of the discharge section in the circumferential direction of the opening, a plurality of material blocking strips are arranged between the material leakage gaps, and the lower end of each material blocking strip is provided with a material guiding hook which is bent inwards; the middle part of the discharging section is provided with a conical adjusting body, the upper end of the adjusting body is hung and installed through a hanging rod, the upper end of the hanging rod extends out of the pipe body, the circumferential side surface of the discharging section is provided with three adjusting ejector rods, the inner ends of the ejector rods are propped against the conical surface of the adjusting body, and the outer ends of the ejector rods penetrate out of the side wall of the discharging end and are provided with handles;
slag removal holes are formed in the lower area of the furnace body; the outer side of the shell is provided with a supporting seat which is fixed on the ground through peripheral supporting legs respectively; a base fixed on the ground is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, an annular water seal groove is arranged at the upper side of the base through a bearing, and a sealing water layer is arranged in the annular water seal groove; a driven gear ring is arranged on the outer side of the annular water seal groove and is meshed with a driving gear on an output shaft of the driving mechanism; the lower end of the inner shell extends downwards and penetrates into the sealing water layer in the annular water seal groove; the lower end of the inner shell is in a horn-shaped eversion structure;
the air supply tower cover comprises a conical structure formed by sequentially superposing two layers of tower bodies, namely a tower cap, a second layer of tower body and a third layer of tower body from top to bottom, wherein each layer of tower body comprises an upper small-diameter section and a lower large-diameter section, the upper large-diameter section of the upper layer of tower body is sleeved on the outer side of the lower small-diameter section of the lower layer of tower body, and a fit gap between the mutually sleeved large-diameter section and the small-diameter section is used as an exhaust channel; the top center of the second layer of tower body is provided with a tower cap, and the center of each layer of tower body is slightly deviated from the center of the annular water seal groove;
an air inlet pipe of the ventilation mechanism penetrates into the lower part of each layer of tower body from the lower part, a vertical air inlet vertical pipe is arranged below each layer of tower body, the side surface of the air inlet vertical pipe is communicated with the air inlet pipe, the upper end of the air inlet vertical pipe is inserted into the inner cavity of each layer of tower body, and the lower end of the air inlet vertical pipe is inserted below the liquid level of the furnace ash collecting water pool; the air inlet pipe is internally provided with an ignition fuel pipe and an igniter, the ignition fuel pipe is positioned on the axis of the annular water seal groove, the upper end of the ignition fuel pipe passes through the tower cap, and the annular water seal groove and the air supply tower body rotate around the ignition fuel pipe;
the steam exhaust pipeline positioned at the upper side of the interlayer water cavity comprises a steam drainage tube and a steam exhaust tube which are communicated, the steam drainage tube is communicated with the air inlet pipe through a steam supplementing valve, and a fan is arranged on the air inlet pipe;
one end of the combustible gas discharge channel is communicated with the inside of the inner shell of the furnace body, the other end of the combustible gas discharge channel is communicated with a burner, the burner is connected with a combustion chamber provided with a plurality of turning structures, the tail part of the combustion chamber is connected with heat equipment, and an air supply port for supplementing air is arranged on the burner and is used for connecting other equipment for supplying air;
the side surface of the furnace body is provided with an upper temperature measuring hole, a middle temperature measuring hole and a lower temperature measuring hole which penetrate through the outer shell and the inner shell of the furnace body, a thermocouple which can be inserted and withdrawn is arranged in the temperature measuring hole, the side surface of the upper part of the furnace body is provided with an upper layer of rotation-resisting material level switch and a lower layer of rotation-resisting material level switch, and each layer is provided with at least three uniformly distributed rotation-resisting material level switches along the circumference; the rotation-resistant material level switch comprises a rotating shaft penetrating through the furnace body, a blade vertically connected to the inner end of the rotating shaft, and a motor connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft outside the furnace body.
An ash oil collecting device is arranged below the passage opening of the combustible gas discharge passage, the ash oil collecting device comprises a vertically arranged ash discharge passage, an auxiliary heat cavity is arranged at the outer side of the ash discharge passage, and a heat inlet and a heat outlet are formed in the auxiliary heat cavity; the bottom of the ash discharge channel is communicated with the ash oil collecting water tank and passes through the water seal air outlet; the heat inlet is communicated with the steam exhaust pipe.
A buffer tank is arranged at the upper end of the steam drainage tube.
The tail end of the combustible gas discharge channel is also provided with an exhaust control water seal mechanism, the exhaust control water seal mechanism comprises a closed upper water tank and an exhaust pipeline led from the gasification furnace, the exhaust pipeline is a three-way pipeline, and the three-way pipeline comprises a transverse air pipe connected with the combustible gas discharge channel, a vertical air pipe connected with the upper water tank and a burner connected with the lower end of the vertical air pipe;
the upper part of the upper water tank is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe, a cylindrical water sealing cover with a downward opening is arranged on the upper end cover of a vertical air pipe in the upper water tank, the upper end of the water sealing cover is connected with a lifting rod, and the upper end of the lifting rod penetrates out of the top wall of the upper water tank and is connected with a traction rope;
the upper part of the upper water tank is also provided with a T-shaped support frame, the T-shaped support frame comprises a supporting leg vertically connected with the upper water tank and a cross beam horizontally arranged at the upper part, both ends of the cross beam are provided with guide pulleys, the traction rope sequentially passes through the two guide pulleys after being led out from the upper end of the lifting rod and then sags downwards, and the free end of the traction rope is connected with a pull ring; the traction rope is made of a steel wire rope; the top wall of the upper water tank is provided with an opening matched with the lifting rod in thickness, and sealing materials are arranged in the opening.
The invention has the technical effects that: according to the garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace for reducing dioxin emission, uniform feeding and uniform distribution of garbage in the furnace chamber are controlled, garbage is prevented from piling up and entering the furnace chamber, the garbage and air are fully combined, combustion is fully promoted, the lower end of the horn-shaped inner shell is matched with the rotating water seal tank, the agglomerated vitreous slag can be discharged and timely cleaned, normal metabolism and operation of the garbage of the furnace body can be ensured, meanwhile, temperature measurement is carried out in the furnace chamber according to different temperature measuring points, the height of garbage materials in the furnace chamber is monitored, the feeding device and slag discharge below can be better controlled by combining the two devices, and combustion supporting time can be controlled in a coordinated manner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace for reducing dioxin emission;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the sectional B-B structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the C-C cross-sectional structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure of the gas supply tower cover of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure of the loading device in FIG. 1;
in the figure, 1, a furnace shell, 2, a sandwich water cavity, 3, a furnace inner shell, 4, a hearth, 5, a buffer tank, 6, a steam drainage tube, 7, a fan, 8, an air inlet pipe, 9, a driving mechanism, 10, a driving gear, 11, a driven gear ring, 12, an annular water seal groove, 13, a furnace ash collecting water tank, 14, an ignition fuel pipe, 15, an air inlet vertical pipe, 16, a rotation-resisting material level switch, 17, a thermocouple, 18, a hopper, 19, a spiral auger, 20, a pipe body, 21, a hanging rod, 22, an adjusting whole, 23, an adjusting ejector rod, 24, a material blocking strip. 25, discharge gap 26, water supplementing pipe 27, combustible gas discharge channel 28, auxiliary heat cavity 29, ash discharging channel 30, ash oil collecting water tank 31, heat inlet 32, heat outlet 33, vertical air pipe 34, foldback structure 35, combustion chamber 36, heat utilization equipment 37, haulage rope 38, water cover 39, lifting rod 40, smoke discharging pipe 41, upper water tank 42, air supply tower cover 43, burner 44, air supply port of burner 421, tower cap 422, second layer tower body 423 and third layer tower body.
Description of the embodiments
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one: referring to fig. 1-5, a garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace for reducing dioxin emission is disclosed, the furnace comprises a furnace body, a feeding device, a ventilation mechanism and a combustible gas discharge channel 27, the furnace body comprises an inner shell 3 and an outer shell 1, an interlayer water cavity 2 is arranged between the inner shell 3 and the outer shell 1, and a water supplementing pipeline 26 and a steam discharging pipeline are arranged on the interlayer water cavity 2; the feeding device is a screw propeller type feeding device and comprises a pipe body 20, a hopper 18 and a screw auger 19, wherein the inside of the pipe body 20 is a discharge section which is bent downwards and penetrates into the inner shell 3, the lower end of the discharge section is an opening, a plurality of material leakage gaps 25 which are arranged along the bus direction of the discharge section are arranged on the circumferential direction of the opening of the discharge section, a plurality of material blocking strips 24 are arranged between the material leakage gaps 25, and the lower end of each material blocking strip 24 is provided with a material guiding hook which is bent inwards; the middle part of the discharging section is provided with a conical adjusting body 22, the upper end of the adjusting body 22 is hung and installed through a hanging rod 21, the upper end of the hanging rod 21 extends out of the pipe body 20, the circumferential side surface of the discharging section is provided with three adjusting ejector rods 23, the inner ends of the ejector rods are propped against the conical surface of the adjusting body 22, and the outer ends of the ejector rods penetrate out of the side wall of the discharging end and are provided with handles;
the feeding device of the spiral propeller structure can uniformly feed, meanwhile, the material in the pipeline can be utilized to play a sealing role, the material blocking strip 24 of the discharging section, the material leakage gap 25 and the conical adjusting body 22 in the discharging section are matched to control the uniformity of the distribution of the garbage material in the hearth 4, after the garbage material is pushed by the spiral auger 19, the garbage material is dispersed by the middle conical adjusting body 22, part of the garbage material passes through the material leakage gap 25 to be outwards distributed, part of the garbage material is blocked by the material blocking strip 24 and is distributed to the center by the lower material guiding hook, so that the garbage material is uniformly distributed on a plane when falling into the hearth 4, and in addition, the three adjusting rods can adjust the posture of the conical adjusting body 22, so that the problem of deviation or uneven distribution of the garbage material fed by the spiral auger 19 can be further solved, and the garbage material can be uniformly distributed in the hearth 4.
Slag removal holes are formed in the lower area of the furnace body; the outer side of the shell 1 is provided with a supporting seat and is fixed on the ground through peripheral supporting legs respectively; a base fixed on the ground is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, an annular water seal groove 12 is arranged at the upper side of the base through a bearing, and a sealing water layer is arranged in the annular water seal groove 12; the outer side of the annular water seal groove 12 is provided with a driven gear ring 11, and the driven gear ring 11 is meshed with a driving gear 10 on an output shaft of the driving mechanism 9; the lower end of the inner shell 3 extends downwards and penetrates into the sealing water layer in the annular water seal groove 12; the lower end of the inner shell 3 is in a horn-shaped eversion structure;
a gas supply tower cover 42 is arranged at the center of the annular water seal groove 12 and at the part inside the inner shell 3, the gas supply tower cover 42 comprises a conical structure formed by sequentially superposing two layers of tower bodies, namely a tower cap 421, a second layer of tower body 422 and a third layer of tower body 423 from top to bottom, each layer of tower body comprises a small-diameter section at the upper side and a large-diameter section at the lower layer, the large-diameter section of the upper layer of tower body is sleeved at the outer side of the small-diameter section of the lower layer of tower body, and a fit gap between the large-diameter section and the small-diameter section which are mutually sleeved is used as an exhaust channel; the top center of the second layer of tower 422 is provided with a tower cap 421, and the center of each layer of tower is slightly deviated from the center of the annular water seal groove 12;
an air inlet pipe 8 of the ventilation mechanism penetrates into the lower part of each layer of tower body from the lower part, a vertical air inlet vertical pipe 15 is arranged below each layer of tower body, the side surface of the air inlet vertical pipe 15 is communicated with the air inlet pipe 8, the upper end of the air inlet vertical pipe is inserted into the inner cavity of each layer of tower body, and the lower end of the air inlet vertical pipe is inserted below the liquid level of a furnace dust collecting water pool 13; when the furnace ash in the furnace slag falls down, the furnace ash can enter the lower furnace ash collecting water tank 13, and meanwhile, a water seal is formed at the lower furnace ash collecting water tank, so that pressure relief and sealing can be realized when the pressure in the hearth 4 is too high; the air inlet pipe 8 is internally provided with an ignition fuel pipe 14 and an igniter, the ignition fuel pipe 14 is positioned on the axis of the annular water seal groove 12, the upper end of the ignition fuel pipe 14 passes through a tower cap 421, and the annular water seal groove 12 and the air supply tower body rotate around the ignition fuel pipe 14;
the rotation of the annular water seal tank 12 can drive the air supply tower cover 42 inside to rotate, so that the burnt slag at the bottom of the hearth 4 is gradually discharged into the water seal tank below, the lower end of the inner shell 3 in the bell mouth is favorable for discharging and cleaning slag with larger block diameter, and for some burnt glass body slag which is connected into slices and large blocks and is formed can be discharged to the bottom of the water seal tank along the inclined gap between the tower and the bell mouth below, so that slag cleaning staff can break the glass body slag which is connected into slices and large blocks through the workpiece which is broken and detached by hand and clean the slag from the water seal tank, and the slag is prevented from being accumulated at the bottom of the hearth 4 and the air supply tower cover 42, and the normal operation inside the furnace is influenced.
The steam exhaust pipeline positioned at the upper side of the interlayer water cavity 2 comprises a steam drainage tube 6 and a steam exhaust tube, the steam drainage tube 6 is communicated with an air inlet pipe 8 through a steam supplementing valve, and a fan 7 is arranged on the air inlet pipe 8;
one end of the combustible gas discharge channel 27 is communicated with the inside of the furnace body inner shell 3, the other end of the combustible gas discharge channel is communicated with a burner 43, the burner 43 is connected with a combustion chamber 35 provided with a plurality of turning structures 34, the tail part of the combustion chamber 35 is connected with a heating device 36, and an air supply port 44 for supplementing air is arranged on the burner 43 and is used for being connected with other devices for supplying air; the combustion chamber 35 is internally provided with a plurality of foldback structures 34, and the combustible gas generated in the furnace body can be combusted at a high temperature sufficiently to avoid the generation of dioxin until the tail of the combustion chamber 35 outputs high-temperature combustion flame for providing heat for a boiler or other heat utilization equipment 36, such as a boiler.
The side surface of the furnace body is provided with an upper temperature measuring hole, a middle temperature measuring hole and a lower temperature measuring hole which penetrate through the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 3 of the furnace body, a thermocouple 17 which can be inserted and withdrawn is arranged in the temperature measuring hole, and the thermocouple 17 can monitor the temperatures of different sections in the hearth 4, so that the combustion state in the hearth 4 can be judged, and quantifiable references are provided for automatic feeding, lower air supply and combustion supporting; an upper layer of rotation-resisting material level switch 16 and a lower layer of rotation-resisting material level switch 16 are arranged on the side surface of the upper part of the furnace body, and at least three uniformly distributed rotation-resisting material level switches 16 are arranged on each layer along the circumference; the rotation-resistant material level switch 16 comprises a rotating shaft penetrating through the furnace body, blades vertically connected to the inner end of the rotating shaft, and a motor connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft outside the furnace body. The rotary material level switch is used for detecting the height of materials in the hearth 4 and controlling the feeding process of the feeding device by combining the temperature.
An ash oil collecting device is arranged below the passage opening of the combustible gas discharge passage 27, the ash oil collecting device comprises a vertically arranged ash discharge passage 29, an auxiliary heat cavity 28 is arranged at the outer side of the ash discharge passage 29, and the auxiliary heat cavity 28 is provided with a heat inlet 31 and a heat outlet 32; the bottom of the ash discharging channel 29 is communicated with the ash oil collecting water tank 30 and passes through a water seal air outlet; the heat inlet 31 communicates with the steam exhaust pipe.
A buffer tank 5 is arranged at the upper end of the steam drainage tube 6.
The tail end of the combustible gas discharge channel 27 is also provided with an exhaust control water seal mechanism, the exhaust control water seal mechanism comprises a closed upper water tank 41 and an exhaust pipeline led from the gasifier, the exhaust pipeline is a three-way pipeline, and the three-way pipeline comprises a transverse air pipe connected with the combustible gas discharge channel 27, a vertical air pipe 33 connected with the upper water tank 41 and a lower end of the vertical air pipe 33 connected with a burner 43;
the upper part of the upper water tank 41 is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe 40, a cylindrical water seal cover 38 with a downward opening is arranged on the upper end cover of the vertical air pipe 33 in the upper water tank 41, the upper end of the water seal cover 38 is connected with a lifting rod 39, and the upper end of the lifting rod 39 penetrates out of the top wall of the upper water tank 41 and is connected with a traction rope 37;
the upper part of the upper water tank 41 is also provided with a T-shaped support frame, the T-shaped support frame comprises a supporting leg vertically connected with the upper water tank 41 and a cross beam horizontally arranged at the upper part, both ends of the cross beam are provided with guide pulleys, the traction rope 37 sequentially passes through the two guide pulleys after being led out from the upper end of the lifting rod 39 and then downwards sags, and the free end of the traction rope 37 is connected with a pull ring; the traction rope 37 is made of a steel wire rope; the top wall of the upper water tank 41 is provided with an opening matched with the lifting rod 39 in thickness, and sealing materials are arranged in the opening.
When the garbage and combustion-supporting materials are not combusted sufficiently during ignition, a large amount of black smoke can be generated, at the moment, after the water seal cover 38 in the upper water tank 41 is lifted by the action of the pull ring and the traction rope 37, the black smoke is discharged from the upper water tank 41 to the smoke exhaust pipe 40, after the ignition is finished, when the garbage in the gasifier is fully combusted, and combustible gas is generated, the lower end of the water seal cover 38 is pressed down under the action of dead weight by loosening the traction rope 37 to be immersed under the liquid level of the upper water tank 41, at the moment, the upper end of the vertical air pipe 33 is closed, and the combustible gas is transferred to the air outlet pipe after passing through the lower water tank at the lower part for use by the following combustion chamber 35.
According to the garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace for reducing dioxin emission, garbage materials enter from a feeding device, then uniformly scatter into the hearth 4 through adjustment of the conical adjustment body 22 of a discharging section, a drying layer, a gasification layer, a cracking layer, a combustion layer and a slag layer are sequentially arranged in the hearth 4 from top to bottom, different thermocouples 17 are correspondingly arranged on different layers for measuring the temperature, when the distribution of the temperature in the hearth 4 meets preset requirements, the upper surface is uniformly fed, the lower surface is uniformly deslagged, if the combustion layer is found to be moved upwards through the temperature measurement, the fire is pressed through quick feeding, and the lower surface is quickly deslagged; if the temperature measurement finds that the combustion layer moves downwards, the slag is discharged in a decelerating way, the lower air supply quantity is increased to promote the combustion layer to rise, if the combustion layer does not move, but the temperature is too low and is 800 ℃, the combustion value of the garbage is not high, at the moment, the lower combustion-supporting pipe is used for introducing outside combustible gas to support combustion, the temperature of the combustion chamber 35 is ensured to be higher than 800 ℃, the effect of each layer of thermometer is not only limited to the above conditions, in actual operation, the speed of each part of garbage feeding, slag discharging, combustion supporting and air supply of the furnace is comprehensively adjusted by observing the temperature conditions of different positions, so that the garbage gasification and pyrolysis in the hearth 4 are in a stable state, and the effect of garbage gasification and pyrolysis is ensured.
Claims (2)
1. The garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace for reducing dioxin emission comprises a furnace body, a feeding device, a ventilation mechanism and a combustible gas discharge channel, wherein the furnace body comprises an inner shell and an outer shell, an interlayer water cavity is arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell, and a water supplementing pipeline and a steam discharging pipeline are arranged on the interlayer water cavity;
the feeding device is a screw propeller type feeding device and comprises a pipe body, a hopper and a screw auger, wherein the inside of the pipe body is a discharge section which is bent downwards and penetrates into the inner shell, the lower end of the discharge section is an opening, the discharge section is provided with a plurality of material leakage gaps which are arranged along the bus direction of the discharge section in the circumferential direction of the opening, a plurality of material blocking strips are arranged between the material leakage gaps, and the lower end of each material blocking strip is provided with a material guiding hook which is bent inwards; the middle part of the discharging section is provided with a conical adjusting body, the upper end of the adjusting body is hung and installed through a hanging rod, the upper end of the hanging rod extends out of the pipe body, the circumferential side surface of the discharging section is provided with three adjusting ejector rods, the inner ends of the ejector rods are propped against the conical surface of the adjusting body, and the outer ends of the ejector rods penetrate out of the side wall of the discharging end and are provided with handles;
slag removal holes are formed in the lower area of the furnace body; the outer side of the shell is provided with a supporting seat which is fixed on the ground through peripheral supporting legs respectively; a base fixed on the ground is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, an annular water seal groove is arranged at the upper side of the base through a bearing, and a sealing water layer is arranged in the annular water seal groove; a driven gear ring is arranged on the outer side of the annular water seal groove and is meshed with a driving gear on an output shaft of the driving mechanism; the lower end of the inner shell extends downwards and penetrates into the sealing water layer in the annular water seal groove; the lower end of the inner shell is in a horn-shaped eversion structure;
the air supply tower cover comprises a conical structure formed by sequentially superposing two layers of tower bodies, namely a tower cap, a second layer of tower body and a third layer of tower body from top to bottom, wherein each layer of tower body comprises an upper small-diameter section and a lower large-diameter section, the upper large-diameter section of the upper layer of tower body is sleeved on the outer side of the lower small-diameter section of the lower layer of tower body, and a fit gap between the mutually sleeved large-diameter section and the small-diameter section is used as an exhaust channel; the top center of the second layer of tower body is provided with a tower cap, and the center of each layer of tower body is slightly deviated from the center of the annular water seal groove;
an air inlet pipe of the ventilation mechanism penetrates into the lower part of each layer of tower body from the lower part, a vertical air inlet vertical pipe is arranged below each layer of tower body, the side surface of the air inlet vertical pipe is communicated with the air inlet pipe, the upper end of the air inlet vertical pipe is inserted into the inner cavity of each layer of tower body, and the lower end of the air inlet vertical pipe is inserted below the liquid level of the furnace ash collecting water pool; the air inlet pipe is internally provided with an ignition fuel pipe and an igniter, the ignition fuel pipe is positioned on the axis of the annular water seal groove, the upper end of the ignition fuel pipe passes through the tower cap, and the annular water seal groove and the air supply tower body rotate around the ignition fuel pipe;
the steam exhaust pipeline positioned at the upper side of the interlayer water cavity comprises a steam drainage tube and a steam exhaust tube which are communicated, the steam drainage tube is communicated with the air inlet pipe through a steam supplementing valve, and a fan is arranged on the air inlet pipe;
one end of the combustible gas discharge channel is communicated with the inside of the inner shell of the furnace body, the other end of the combustible gas discharge channel is communicated with a burner, the burner is connected with a combustion chamber provided with a plurality of turning structures, the tail part of the combustion chamber is connected with heat equipment, and an air supply port for supplementing air is arranged on the burner and is used for connecting other equipment for supplying air;
the side surface of the furnace body is provided with an upper temperature measuring hole, a middle temperature measuring hole and a lower temperature measuring hole which penetrate through the outer shell and the inner shell of the furnace body, a thermocouple which can be inserted and withdrawn is arranged in the temperature measuring hole, the side surface of the upper part of the furnace body is provided with an upper layer of rotation-resisting material level switch and a lower layer of rotation-resisting material level switch, and each layer is provided with at least three uniformly distributed rotation-resisting material level switches along the circumference; the rotation-resistant material level switch comprises a rotating shaft penetrating through the furnace body, a blade vertically connected to the inner end of the rotating shaft, and a motor connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft outside the furnace body;
an ash oil collecting device is arranged below the passage opening of the combustible gas discharge passage, the ash oil collecting device comprises a vertically arranged ash discharge passage, an auxiliary heat cavity is arranged at the outer side of the ash discharge passage, and a heat inlet and a heat outlet are formed in the auxiliary heat cavity; the bottom of the ash discharge channel is communicated with the ash oil collecting water tank and passes through the water seal air outlet; the heat inlet is communicated with the steam exhaust pipe;
a buffer tank is arranged at the upper end of the steam drainage tube.
2. The garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace for reducing dioxin emission according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tail end of the combustible gas discharge channel is also provided with an exhaust control water seal mechanism, the exhaust control water seal mechanism comprises a closed upper water tank and an exhaust pipeline led from the gasification furnace, the exhaust pipeline is a three-way pipeline, and the three-way pipeline comprises a transverse air pipe connected with the combustible gas discharge channel, a vertical air pipe connected with the upper water tank and a burner connected with the lower end of the vertical air pipe;
the upper part of the upper water tank is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe, a cylindrical water sealing cover with a downward opening is arranged on the upper end cover of a vertical air pipe in the upper water tank, the upper end of the water sealing cover is connected with a lifting rod, and the upper end of the lifting rod penetrates out of the top wall of the upper water tank and is connected with a traction rope;
the upper part of the upper water tank is also provided with a T-shaped support frame, the T-shaped support frame comprises a supporting leg vertically connected with the upper water tank and a cross beam horizontally arranged at the upper part, both ends of the cross beam are provided with guide pulleys, the traction rope sequentially passes through the two guide pulleys after being led out from the upper end of the lifting rod and then sags downwards, and the free end of the traction rope is connected with a pull ring; the traction rope is made of a steel wire rope; the top wall of the upper water tank is provided with an opening matched with the lifting rod in thickness, and sealing materials are arranged in the opening.
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| CN201811462228.7A CN109442423B (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | Garbage gasification combustion heat source furnace capable of reducing dioxin emission |
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| CN109899799B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-12-11 | 山东德普检测技术有限公司 | Environment-friendly incineration device for rural garbage treatment |
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