CN109437784B - Preparation method of color facing mortar - Google Patents
Preparation method of color facing mortar Download PDFInfo
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- CN109437784B CN109437784B CN201811487608.6A CN201811487608A CN109437784B CN 109437784 B CN109437784 B CN 109437784B CN 201811487608 A CN201811487608 A CN 201811487608A CN 109437784 B CN109437784 B CN 109437784B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
- C04B2111/00508—Cement paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2023—Resistance against alkali-aggregate reaction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/80—Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
- C04B2111/82—Coloured materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/10—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the viscosity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of color facing mortar, which comprises the following steps: step one, 200-300 parts of quartz sand, 50-80 parts of high-alumina cement, 30-50 parts of fly ash loaded chitosan, 10-15 parts of polymer modified fiber and 10-20 parts of attapulgite loaded chitosan are conveyed into a stirrer by weight parts and stirred and mixed uniformly at a stirring speed of 100-120 r/min; step two, adding 5-10 parts of latex powder, 8-12 parts of coloring agent, 5-8 parts of defoaming agent, 3-5 parts of water repellent, 1-3 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 3-5 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing uniformly at a stirring speed of 100-120 r/min to obtain the color facing mortar; the bonding and compactness of the color facing mortar are improved by adding the components of the fly ash-loaded chitosan and the attapulgite-loaded chitosan, and the performances of crack resistance, permeability resistance, alkali resistance and the like of the color facing mortar are improved by adding the polymer modified fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of mortar, in particular to a preparation method of color facing mortar.
Background
The facing mortar is a granular or powdery material prepared by physically mixing dry and screened aggregate (such as quartz sand), inorganic cementing material (such as cement), additive (such as polymer and pigment) according to a certain proportion, and the like, and is transported to a construction site in a bag or in bulk form, and the material can be directly used after being mixed with water. The facing mortar has various colors, is generally used for the surface of a wall body to be used for decoration of inner and outer walls, and is suitable for the facing of the outer walls of high-grade buildings and villas and the finishing layer of the individualized wall surface and outer wall external heat insulation system of entertainment places and restaurant lamps. Cement-based color facing mortar is an important building material. Compared with other wall finishing materials such as pigment and ceramic tile, the cement-based mortar has natural decorative effect. Furthermore, the thickness and ease of construction texture of the cement-based facing mortar may give the architect a greater imagination. The use of cement gives it a greater price advantage compared to paints and tiles. Therefore, cement-based colored facing mortar is widely used as a building exterior wall decorative material.
The existing facing mortar has the problems of efflorescence, color difference, cracking and the like. The efflorescence and the color difference seriously affect the whole decoration effect of the facing mortar, so that the appearance quality of the facing mortar is reduced, the cracking not only affects the whole aesthetic property of the whole facing, but also affects the reinforcing effect of the wall surface where the facing is located, and therefore improvement is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a method for preparing a color finishing mortar, comprising the steps of:
step one, 200-300 parts of quartz sand, 50-80 parts of high-alumina cement, 30-50 parts of fly ash loaded chitosan, 10-15 parts of polymer modified fiber and 10-20 parts of attapulgite loaded chitosan are conveyed into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed uniformly according to parts by weight;
step two, adding 5-10 parts of latex powder, 8-12 parts of coloring agent, 5-8 parts of defoaming agent, 3-5 parts of water repellent, 1-3 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 3-5 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the color facing mortar;
the preparation method of the fly ash loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: mixing 50 parts of fly ash and 150-200 parts of hydrofluoric acid with the concentration of 10-20% by weight, activating for 3-5 hours at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, filtering, and washing with water until the pH value is 5-6 to obtain activated fly ash; adding 20-30 parts of activated coal ash into a supercritical reaction device, simultaneously adding 100-200 parts of 2-3 wt% chitosan solution and 3-5 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, sealing the system, introducing carbon dioxide to 45-60 MPa, stirring and reacting at 40-60 ℃ for 60-120 min, releasing pressure, and drying to obtain coal ash loaded chitosan; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 5-10 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution;
the preparation method of the attapulgite loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: adding 15-25 parts by weight of attapulgite, 200-300 parts by weight of a mixed solution of acetone and water into a supercritical device, soaking for 60-120 min in a supercritical acetone-water system at the temperature of 360-400 ℃ and the pressure of 10-20 MPa, and drying to obtain pretreated attapulgite; the volume ratio of acetone to water in the supercritical acetone-water system is 3: 1; placing 10-15 parts of pretreated attapulgite and 150-200 parts of 2-3 wt% chitosan solution in a 2.5MeV 40mA electron accelerator for irradiation treatment, filtering and drying to obtain attapulgite-loaded chitosan; the irradiation dose rate of irradiation is 100-200 kGy/h, and the irradiation dose is 400-800 kGy; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 5-10 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution.
Preferably, the preparation method of the polymer modified fiber comprises the following steps: putting 50-100 parts by weight of a polymer solution with the concentration of 3-8 wt% into a container with a stainless steel spray head of an electrostatic spraying device, applying voltage to the stainless steel spray head by adopting a high-voltage power supply, spraying the polymer solution into a receiving device containing 100-120 parts of a saltpetering inhibitor dispersion liquid, stirring at the rotating speed of 100-300 r/min to form polymer fibers, filtering and drying; placing the dried polymer fibers in a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument for treatment for 30-60 min, and then adding 150-200 parts of a whiskering inhibitor dispersion liquid and stirring for 30-60 min; filtering, drying and crushing to obtain polymer modified fiber; the atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma treatment instrument is argon or nitrogen; the frequency of the low-temperature plasma treatment instrument is 35-65 KHz, the power is 30-80W, and the pressure of argon is 30-80 Pa.
Preferably, the spraying conditions of the electric spraying device are as follows: the environment temperature is 50-60 ℃, the distance between the receiving device and the spray head is 5-10 cm, the flow is 10-20 mL/h, the voltage is 12-20 kV, and the inner diameter of the stainless steel spray head is 0.8-1.6 mm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the polymer solution comprises the following steps: the composite material is prepared by dissolving polyacrylonitrile, polylactic acid and polyhydroxyethyl acrylate in a weight ratio of 3:1:1 in an organic solvent.
Preferably, the organic solvent is DMF, xylene and chloroform in a volume ratio of 1:2: 1.
Preferably, the method for preparing the dispersion liquid of the saltpetering inhibitor comprises the following steps: adding 20-30 parts by weight of bentonite, 5-10 parts by weight of boric acid, 5-8 parts by weight of tributyl phosphate, 3-5 parts by weight of carboxymethyl starch, 3-5 parts by weight of triethanolamine and 1-3 parts by weight of nano zinc oxide into 100-120 parts by weight of water, ultrasonically dispersing, and introducing micro-nano ozone bubbles into the mixed solution in the ultrasonic dispersing process; the ventilation rate of the micro-nano ozone bubbles is 100-120 mL/min; the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 30-45 KHz.
Preferably, the latex powder is styrene-acrylic acid copolymer latex powder or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer latex powder; the quaternary ammonium salt is any one of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
Preferably, the water repellent is any one of silane-based water repellent, calcium stearate and organosilicon modified clay; the colorant is one or more of titanium dioxide, iron oxide series pigments and chromium salt pigments.
Preferably, the defoamer is polydimethylsiloxane; the thixotropic lubricant is a lamellar silicate or magnesium aluminum silicate thixotropic lubricant.
Preferably, the dispersant is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolic lactic acid in a weight ratio of 1:2: 1.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: the bonding and compactness of the color facing mortar are improved by adding the components of the fly ash-loaded chitosan and the attapulgite-loaded chitosan, and the performances of crack resistance, permeability resistance, alkali resistance and the like of the color facing mortar are improved by adding the polymer modified fiber.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1:
the preparation method of the color facing mortar comprises the following steps:
step one, 200 parts of quartz sand, 80 parts of high-alumina cement, 50 parts of fly ash loaded chitosan, 15 parts of polymer modified fiber and 20 parts of attapulgite loaded chitosan are conveyed into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed uniformly according to parts by weight; the polymer modified fiber is commercially available polyacrylonitrile fiber;
step two, adding 10 parts of latex powder, 12 parts of coloring agent, 8 parts of defoaming agent, 3 parts of water repellent, 3 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 5 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the color facing mortar; the latex powder is styrene-acrylic acid copolymer latex powder; the water repellent is a silane-based water repellent; the colorant is iron oxide series pigment; the defoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane; the thixotropic lubricant is magnesium aluminum silicate thixotropic lubricant; the dispersing agent is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol lactic acid in a weight ratio of 1:2: 1;
the preparation method of the fly ash loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: mixing 50 parts of fly ash and 200 parts of hydrofluoric acid with the concentration of 20% according to parts by weight, activating for 5 hours at 100 ℃, filtering, and washing the pH value to 6 by water to obtain activated fly ash; adding 30 parts of activated fly ash into a supercritical reaction device, simultaneously adding 200 parts of chitosan solution with the concentration of 3 wt% and 5 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, then sealing the system, introducing carbon dioxide to 60MPa, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 120min, relieving pressure, and drying to obtain fly ash loaded chitosan; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 10 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution; the quaternary ammonium salt is tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; the coal ash loaded chitosan is adopted, and the reactivity of the coal ash loaded chitosan with the chitosan solution and the quaternary ammonium salt is increased by activating the coal ash, so that the prepared coal ash loaded chitosan can improve the cohesiveness and compactness of the mortar, and further improve the crack resistance and the alkali resistance of the mortar.
The preparation method of the attapulgite loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: adding 25 parts of attapulgite and 200 parts of mixed solution of acetone and water into a supercritical device according to parts by weight, soaking for 120min in a supercritical acetone-water system at the temperature of 400 ℃ and the pressure of 20MPa, and drying to obtain pretreated attapulgite; the volume ratio of acetone to water in the supercritical acetone-water system is 3: 1; placing 10 parts of pretreated attapulgite and 200 parts of chitosan solution with the concentration of 3 wt% in a 2.5MeV 40mA electron accelerator for irradiation treatment, filtering and drying to obtain attapulgite-loaded chitosan; the irradiation dose rate of irradiation is 200kGy/h, and the irradiation dose is 800 kGy; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 10 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution; the attapulgite is adopted to load the chitosan, and the reactivity of the attapulgite and a chitosan solution is increased by activating the attapulgite, so that the prepared attapulgite loaded chitosan can improve the cohesiveness of the mortar, and further improve the crack resistance and the alkali resistance of the mortar.
Example 2:
the preparation method of the color facing mortar comprises the following steps:
step one, sending 250 parts of quartz sand, 70 parts of high-alumina cement, 40 parts of fly ash loaded chitosan, 12 parts of polymer modified fiber and 15 parts of attapulgite loaded chitosan to a stirrer according to parts by weight, and uniformly stirring and mixing; the polymer modified fiber is commercially available polyacrylonitrile fiber;
adding 8 parts of latex powder, 10 parts of coloring agent, 6 parts of defoaming agent, 4 parts of water repellent, 2 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 4 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the color facing mortar; the latex powder is styrene-acrylic acid copolymer latex powder; the water repellent is calcium stearate; the colorant is iron oxide series pigment; the defoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane; the thixotropic lubricant is magnesium aluminum silicate thixotropic lubricant; the dispersing agent is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol lactic acid in a weight ratio of 1:2: 1;
the preparation method of the fly ash loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: mixing 50 parts of fly ash and 180 parts of 15% hydrofluoric acid in parts by weight, activating for 4 hours at 80 ℃, filtering, and washing with water until the pH value is 6 to obtain activated fly ash; adding 25 parts of activated fly ash into a supercritical reaction device, adding 150 parts of 3 wt% chitosan solution and 3 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, sealing the system, introducing carbon dioxide to 60MPa, stirring and reacting at 60 ℃ for 120min, relieving pressure, and drying to obtain fly ash-loaded chitosan; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 8 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution; the quaternary ammonium salt is tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride;
the preparation method of the attapulgite loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: adding 20 parts of attapulgite and 250 parts of mixed solution of acetone and water into a supercritical device according to parts by weight, soaking for 100min in a supercritical acetone-water system with the temperature of 385 ℃ and the pressure of 16MPa, and drying to obtain pretreated attapulgite; the volume ratio of acetone to water in the supercritical acetone-water system is 3: 1; placing 12 parts of pretreated attapulgite and 180 parts of chitosan solution with the concentration of 3 wt% in a 2.5MeV 40mA electron accelerator for irradiation treatment, filtering and drying to obtain attapulgite-loaded chitosan; the irradiation dose rate of irradiation is 100kGy/h, and the irradiation dose is 500 kGy; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 8 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution;
example 3:
the preparation method of the color facing mortar comprises the following steps:
step one, 200 parts of quartz sand, 80 parts of high-alumina cement, 50 parts of fly ash loaded chitosan, 15 parts of polymer modified fiber and 20 parts of attapulgite loaded chitosan are conveyed into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed uniformly according to parts by weight;
step two, adding 10 parts of latex powder, 12 parts of coloring agent, 8 parts of defoaming agent, 3 parts of water repellent, 3 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 5 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the color facing mortar; the latex powder is styrene-acrylic acid copolymer latex powder; the water repellent is a silane-based water repellent; the colorant is iron oxide series pigment; the defoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane; the thixotropic lubricant is magnesium aluminum silicate thixotropic lubricant; the dispersing agent is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol lactic acid in a weight ratio of 1:2: 1;
the preparation method of the fly ash loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: mixing 50 parts of fly ash and 200 parts of hydrofluoric acid with the concentration of 20% according to parts by weight, activating for 5 hours at 100 ℃, filtering, and washing the pH value to 6 by water to obtain activated fly ash; adding 30 parts of activated fly ash into a supercritical reaction device, simultaneously adding 200 parts of chitosan solution with the concentration of 3 wt% and 5 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, then sealing the system, introducing carbon dioxide to 60MPa, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 120min, relieving pressure, and drying to obtain fly ash loaded chitosan; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 10 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution; the quaternary ammonium salt is tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride;
the preparation method of the attapulgite loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: adding 25 parts of attapulgite and 200 parts of mixed solution of acetone and water into a supercritical device according to parts by weight, soaking for 120min in a supercritical acetone-water system at the temperature of 400 ℃ and the pressure of 20MPa, and drying to obtain pretreated attapulgite; the volume ratio of acetone to water in the supercritical acetone-water system is 3: 1; placing 10 parts of pretreated attapulgite and 200 parts of chitosan solution with the concentration of 3 wt% in a 2.5MeV 40mA electron accelerator for irradiation treatment, filtering and drying to obtain attapulgite-loaded chitosan; the irradiation dose rate of irradiation is 200kGy/h, and the irradiation dose is 800 kGy; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 10 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution;
the preparation method of the polymer modified fiber comprises the following steps: putting 100 parts by weight of polymer solution with the concentration of 5 wt% into a container with a stainless steel spray head of an electrostatic spraying device, applying voltage to the stainless steel spray head by adopting a high-voltage power supply, spraying the polymer solution into a receiving device containing 120 parts by weight of a whiskering inhibitor dispersion liquid, stirring at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form polymer fibers, filtering and drying; placing the dried polymer fiber in a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument for treatment for 30-60 min, and then adding 200 parts of a saltpetering inhibitor dispersion liquid and stirring for 60 min; filtering, drying and crushing to obtain polymer modified fiber; the atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma treatment instrument is argon or nitrogen; the frequency of the low-temperature plasma processor is 65KHz, the power is 80W, and the pressure of argon is 50 Pa; the spraying conditions of the electric spraying device are as follows: the environment temperature is 60 ℃, the distance between the receiving device and the spray head is 10cm, the flow is 20mL/h, the voltage is 20kV, and the inner diameter of the stainless steel spray head is 1.6 mm; the preparation method of the polymer solution comprises the following steps: dissolving polyacrylonitrile, polylactic acid and polyhydroxyethyl acrylate in a weight ratio of 3:1:1 in an organic solvent to prepare the acrylic acid-polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer; the organic solvent is DMF, xylene and trichloromethane with the volume ratio of 1:2: 1; the dispersion liquid of the whiskering inhibitor is prepared by adding 50 parts of commercial ERA100 whiskering inhibitor into 100 parts of water; the polymer fiber is prepared through electrostatic spinning, low-temperature plasma activation treatment is carried out on the polymer fiber, the surface of the polymer fiber can be adhered with the whiskering inhibitor dispersion liquid, the polymer fiber can improve the crack resistance of the mortar, and meanwhile, the combination of the polymer fiber and the whiskering inhibitor can improve the combination of the polymer fiber and the inorganic material of the mortar, so that the crack resistance and the whiskering resistance of the mortar are improved more effectively.
Example 4:
the preparation method of the color facing mortar comprises the following steps:
step one, sending 250 parts of quartz sand, 70 parts of high-alumina cement, 40 parts of fly ash loaded chitosan, 12 parts of polymer modified fiber and 15 parts of attapulgite loaded chitosan into a stirrer according to parts by weight, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
adding 8 parts of latex powder, 10 parts of coloring agent, 6 parts of defoaming agent, 4 parts of water repellent, 2 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 4 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the color facing mortar; the latex powder is styrene-acrylic acid copolymer latex powder; the water repellent is calcium stearate; the colorant is iron oxide series pigment; the defoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane; the thixotropic lubricant is magnesium aluminum silicate thixotropic lubricant; the dispersing agent is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol lactic acid in a weight ratio of 1:2: 1;
the preparation method of the fly ash loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: mixing 50 parts of fly ash and 180 parts of 15% hydrofluoric acid in parts by weight, activating for 4 hours at 80 ℃, filtering, and washing with water until the pH value is 6 to obtain activated fly ash; adding 25 parts of activated fly ash into a supercritical reaction device, adding 150 parts of 3 wt% chitosan solution and 3 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, sealing the system, introducing carbon dioxide to 60MPa, stirring and reacting at 60 ℃ for 120min, relieving pressure, and drying to obtain fly ash-loaded chitosan; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 8 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution; the quaternary ammonium salt is tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride;
the preparation method of the attapulgite loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: adding 20 parts of attapulgite and 250 parts of mixed solution of acetone and water into a supercritical device according to parts by weight, soaking for 100min in a supercritical acetone-water system with the temperature of 385 ℃ and the pressure of 16MPa, and drying to obtain pretreated attapulgite; the volume ratio of acetone to water in the supercritical acetone-water system is 3: 1; placing 12 parts of pretreated attapulgite and 180 parts of chitosan solution with the concentration of 3 wt% in a 2.5MeV 40mA electron accelerator for irradiation treatment, filtering and drying to obtain attapulgite-loaded chitosan; the irradiation dose rate of irradiation is 100kGy/h, and the irradiation dose is 500 kGy; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 8 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution;
the preparation method of the polymer modified fiber comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 80 portions of polymer solution with the concentration of 6 weight percent are placed into a container with a stainless steel spray head of an electrostatic spraying device, a high-voltage power supply is adopted to apply voltage on the stainless steel spray head, the polymer solution is sprayed into a receiving device containing 100 portions of the dispersion liquid of the whiskering inhibitor, the polymer solution is stirred at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form polymer fiber, and then the polymer fiber is filtered and dried; placing the dried polymer fiber in a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument for treatment for 60min, and then adding 160 parts of a saltpetering inhibitor dispersion liquid and stirring for 60 min; filtering, drying and crushing to obtain polymer modified fiber; the atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma treatment instrument is argon or nitrogen; the frequency of the low-temperature plasma processor is 65KHz, the power is 80W, and the pressure of argon is 50 Pa; the spraying conditions of the electric spraying device are as follows: the environment temperature is 60 ℃, the distance between the receiving device and the spray head is 10cm, the flow is 20mL/h, the voltage is 20kV, and the inner diameter of the stainless steel spray head is 1.2 mm; the preparation method of the polymer solution comprises the following steps: dissolving polyacrylonitrile, polylactic acid and polyhydroxyethyl acrylate in a weight ratio of 3:1:1 in an organic solvent to prepare the acrylic acid-polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer; the organic solvent is DMF, xylene and trichloromethane with the volume ratio of 1:2: 1. The dispersion liquid of the whiskering inhibitor is prepared by adding 50 parts of commercial ERA100 whiskering inhibitor into 100 parts of water.
Example 5:
the preparation method of the color facing mortar comprises the following steps:
step one, 200 parts of quartz sand, 80 parts of high-alumina cement, 50 parts of fly ash loaded chitosan, 15 parts of polymer modified fiber and 20 parts of attapulgite loaded chitosan are conveyed into a stirrer according to parts by weight and are stirred and mixed uniformly;
step two, adding 10 parts of latex powder, 12 parts of coloring agent, 8 parts of defoaming agent, 3 parts of water repellent, 3 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 5 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the color facing mortar; the latex powder is styrene-acrylic acid copolymer latex powder; the water repellent is a silane-based water repellent; the colorant is iron oxide series pigment; the defoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane; the thixotropic lubricant is magnesium aluminum silicate thixotropic lubricant; the dispersing agent is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol lactic acid in a weight ratio of 1:2: 1;
the preparation method of the fly ash loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: mixing 50 parts of fly ash and 200 parts of hydrofluoric acid with the concentration of 20% according to parts by weight, activating for 5 hours at 100 ℃, filtering, and washing the pH value to 6 by water to obtain activated fly ash; adding 30 parts of activated fly ash into a supercritical reaction device, simultaneously adding 200 parts of chitosan solution with the concentration of 3 wt% and 5 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, then sealing the system, introducing carbon dioxide to 60MPa, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 120min, relieving pressure, and drying to obtain fly ash loaded chitosan; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 10 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution; the quaternary ammonium salt is tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride;
the preparation method of the attapulgite loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: adding 25 parts of attapulgite and 200 parts of mixed solution of acetone and water into a supercritical device according to parts by weight, soaking for 120min in a supercritical acetone-water system at the temperature of 400 ℃ and the pressure of 20MPa, and drying to obtain pretreated attapulgite; the volume ratio of acetone to water in the supercritical acetone-water system is 3: 1; placing 10 parts of pretreated attapulgite and 200 parts of chitosan solution with the concentration of 3 wt% in a 2.5MeV 40mA electron accelerator for irradiation treatment, filtering and drying to obtain attapulgite-loaded chitosan; the irradiation dose rate of irradiation is 200kGy/h, and the irradiation dose is 800 kGy; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 10 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution;
the preparation method of the polymer modified fiber comprises the following steps: putting 100 parts by weight of polymer solution with the concentration of 5 wt% into a container with a stainless steel spray head of an electrostatic spraying device, applying voltage to the stainless steel spray head by adopting a high-voltage power supply, spraying the polymer solution into a receiving device containing 120 parts by weight of a whiskering inhibitor dispersion liquid, stirring at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form polymer fibers, filtering and drying; placing the dried polymer fiber in a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument for treatment for 30-60 min, and then adding 200 parts of a saltpetering inhibitor dispersion liquid and stirring for 60 min; filtering, drying and crushing to obtain polymer modified fiber; the atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma treatment instrument is argon or nitrogen; the frequency of the low-temperature plasma processor is 65KHz, the power is 80W, and the pressure of argon is 50 Pa; the spraying conditions of the electric spraying device are as follows: the environment temperature is 60 ℃, the distance between the receiving device and the spray head is 10cm, the flow is 20mL/h, the voltage is 20kV, and the inner diameter of the stainless steel spray head is 1.6 mm; the preparation method of the polymer solution comprises the following steps: dissolving polyacrylonitrile, polylactic acid and polyhydroxyethyl acrylate in a weight ratio of 3:1:1 in an organic solvent to prepare the acrylic acid-polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer; the organic solvent is DMF, xylene and trichloromethane with the volume ratio of 1:2: 1;
the preparation method of the whiskering inhibitor solution comprises the following steps: adding 28 parts by weight of bentonite, 5 parts by weight of boric acid, 5 parts by weight of tributyl phosphate, 5 parts by weight of carboxymethyl starch, 5 parts by weight of triethanolamine and 2 parts by weight of nano zinc oxide into 100 parts by weight of water, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and introducing micro-nano ozone bubbles into the mixed solution in the ultrasonic dispersion process; the aeration rate of the nano bubbles is 120 mL/min; the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 45 KHz; the saltpetering inhibitor dispersion liquid prepared by the method can improve the saltpetering resistance of the mortar, and can be effectively combined with the polymer fiber.
Example 6:
the preparation method of the color facing mortar comprises the following steps:
step one, sending 250 parts of quartz sand, 70 parts of high-alumina cement, 40 parts of fly ash loaded chitosan, 12 parts of polymer modified fiber and 15 parts of attapulgite loaded chitosan into a stirrer according to parts by weight, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
adding 8 parts of latex powder, 10 parts of coloring agent, 6 parts of defoaming agent, 4 parts of water repellent, 2 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 4 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the color facing mortar; the latex powder is styrene-acrylic acid copolymer latex powder; the water repellent is calcium stearate; the colorant is iron oxide series pigment; the defoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane; the thixotropic lubricant is magnesium aluminum silicate thixotropic lubricant; the dispersing agent is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol lactic acid in a weight ratio of 1:2: 1;
the preparation method of the fly ash loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: mixing 50 parts of fly ash and 180 parts of 15% hydrofluoric acid in parts by weight, activating for 4 hours at 80 ℃, filtering, and washing with water until the pH value is 6 to obtain activated fly ash; adding 25 parts of activated fly ash into a supercritical reaction device, adding 150 parts of 3 wt% chitosan solution and 3 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, sealing the system, introducing carbon dioxide to 60MPa, stirring and reacting at 60 ℃ for 120min, relieving pressure, and drying to obtain fly ash-loaded chitosan; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 8 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution; the quaternary ammonium salt is tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride;
the preparation method of the attapulgite loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: adding 20 parts of attapulgite and 250 parts of mixed solution of acetone and water into a supercritical device according to parts by weight, soaking for 100min in a supercritical acetone-water system with the temperature of 385 ℃ and the pressure of 16MPa, and drying to obtain pretreated attapulgite; the volume ratio of acetone to water in the supercritical acetone-water system is 3: 1; placing 12 parts of pretreated attapulgite and 180 parts of chitosan solution with the concentration of 3 wt% in a 2.5MeV 40mA electron accelerator for irradiation treatment, filtering and drying to obtain attapulgite-loaded chitosan; the irradiation dose rate of irradiation is 100kGy/h, and the irradiation dose is 500 kGy; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 8 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution;
the preparation method of the polymer modified fiber comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 80 portions of polymer solution with the concentration of 6 weight percent are placed into a container with a stainless steel spray head of an electrostatic spraying device, a high-voltage power supply is adopted to apply voltage on the stainless steel spray head, the polymer solution is sprayed into a receiving device containing 100 portions of the dispersion liquid of the whiskering inhibitor, the polymer solution is stirred at the rotating speed of 300r/min to form polymer fiber, and then the polymer fiber is filtered and dried; placing the dried polymer fiber in a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument for treatment for 60min, and then adding 160 parts of a saltpetering inhibitor dispersion liquid and stirring for 60 min; filtering, drying and crushing to obtain polymer modified fiber; the atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma treatment instrument is argon or nitrogen; the frequency of the low-temperature plasma processor is 65KHz, the power is 80W, and the pressure of argon is 50 Pa; the spraying conditions of the electric spraying device are as follows: the environment temperature is 60 ℃, the distance between the receiving device and the spray head is 10cm, the flow is 20mL/h, the voltage is 20kV, and the inner diameter of the stainless steel spray head is 1.2 mm; the preparation method of the polymer solution comprises the following steps: dissolving polyacrylonitrile, polylactic acid and polyhydroxyethyl acrylate in a weight ratio of 3:1:1 in an organic solvent to prepare the acrylic acid-polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid copolymer; the organic solvent is DMF, xylene and trichloromethane with the volume ratio of 1:2: 1;
the preparation method of the whiskering inhibitor solution comprises the following steps: adding 27 parts by weight of bentonite, 5 parts by weight of boric acid, 5 parts by weight of tributyl phosphate, 5 parts by weight of carboxymethyl starch, 5 parts by weight of triethanolamine and 3 parts by weight of nano zinc oxide into 100 parts by weight of water, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and introducing micro-nano ozone bubbles into the mixed solution in the ultrasonic dispersion process; the aeration rate of the nano bubbles is 120 mL/min; the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 45 KHz.
Comparative example 1:
the preparation method of the color facing mortar comprises the following steps:
step one, stirring and mixing 200 parts of quartz sand, 80 parts of high-alumina cement, 50 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of polymer modified fiber and 20 parts of attapulgite uniformly according to parts by weight; the polymer modified fiber is commercially available polyacrylonitrile fiber;
step two, adding 10 parts of latex powder, 12 parts of coloring agent, 8 parts of defoaming agent, 3 parts of water repellent, 3 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 5 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the color facing mortar; the latex powder is styrene-acrylic acid copolymer latex powder; the water repellent is a silane-based water repellent; the colorant is iron oxide series pigment; the defoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane; the thixotropic lubricant is magnesium aluminum silicate thixotropic lubricant; the dispersing agent comprises 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol lactic acid in a weight ratio of 1:2: 1.
Comparative example 2:
the preparation method of the color facing mortar comprises the following steps:
step one, sending 250 parts of quartz sand, 70 parts of high-alumina cement, 40 parts of fly ash, 12 parts of polymer modified fiber and 15 parts of attapulgite to a stirrer according to parts by weight, and uniformly stirring and mixing; the polymer modified fiber is commercially available polyacrylonitrile fiber;
adding 8 parts of latex powder, 10 parts of coloring agent, 6 parts of defoaming agent, 4 parts of water repellent, 2 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 4 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the color facing mortar; the latex powder is styrene-acrylic acid copolymer latex powder; the water repellent is calcium stearate; the colorant is iron oxide series pigment; the defoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane; the thixotropic lubricant is magnesium aluminum silicate thixotropic lubricant; the dispersing agent comprises 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, sodium tripolyphosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol lactic acid in a weight ratio of 1:2: 1.
Adding water accounting for 28-35% of the total mass of the raw materials into the color facing mortar prepared in the embodiments 1-6 and the comparative examples 1-2, stirring the mixture into a mortar applicable state, and testing according to JC/T1024-2007 wall facing mortar standard, wherein the test results are shown in tables 1 and 2;
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor for which the invention may be embodied with additional modifications as would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not limited to the details given herein and to the examples shown and described without departing from the generic concept as defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the color facing mortar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, 200-300 parts of quartz sand, 50-80 parts of high-alumina cement, 30-50 parts of fly ash loaded chitosan, 10-15 parts of polymer modified fiber and 10-20 parts of attapulgite loaded chitosan are conveyed into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed uniformly according to parts by weight;
step two, adding 5-10 parts of latex powder, 8-12 parts of coloring agent, 5-8 parts of defoaming agent, 3-5 parts of water repellent, 1-3 parts of thixotropic lubricant and 3-5 parts of dispersing agent into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the color facing mortar;
the preparation method of the fly ash loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: mixing 50 parts of fly ash and 150-200 parts of hydrofluoric acid with the concentration of 10-20% by weight, activating for 3-5 hours at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, filtering, and washing with water until the pH value is 5-6 to obtain activated fly ash; adding 20-30 parts of activated coal ash into a supercritical reaction device, simultaneously adding 100-200 parts of 2-3 wt% chitosan solution and 3-5 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, sealing the system, introducing carbon dioxide to 45-60 MPa, stirring and reacting at 40-60 ℃ for 60-120 min, releasing pressure, and drying to obtain coal ash loaded chitosan; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 5-10 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution;
the preparation method of the attapulgite loaded chitosan comprises the following steps: adding 15-25 parts by weight of attapulgite, 200-300 parts by weight of a mixed solution of acetone and water into a supercritical device, soaking for 60-120 min in a supercritical acetone-water system at the temperature of 360-400 ℃ and the pressure of 10-20 MPa, and drying to obtain pretreated attapulgite; the volume ratio of acetone to water in the supercritical acetone-water system is 3: 1; placing 10-15 parts of pretreated attapulgite and 150-200 parts of 2-3 wt% chitosan solution in a 2.5MeV 40mA electron accelerator for irradiation treatment, filtering and drying to obtain attapulgite-loaded chitosan; the irradiation dose rate of irradiation is 100-200 kGy/h, and the irradiation dose is 400-800 kGy; the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises the following steps: adding chitosan into acetic acid with the concentration of 5-10 wt% to prepare the chitosan-containing aqueous solution.
2. The method of preparing color facing mortar of claim 1, wherein the polymer modified fiber is prepared by: putting 50-100 parts by weight of a polymer solution with the concentration of 3-8 wt% into a container with a stainless steel spray head of an electrostatic spraying device, applying voltage to the stainless steel spray head by adopting a high-voltage power supply, spraying the polymer solution into a receiving device containing 100-120 parts of a saltpetering inhibitor dispersion liquid, stirring at the rotating speed of 100-300 r/min to form polymer fibers, filtering and drying; placing the dried polymer fibers in a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument for treatment for 30-60 min, and then adding 150-200 parts of a whiskering inhibitor dispersion liquid and stirring for 30-60 min; filtering, drying and crushing to obtain polymer modified fiber; the atmosphere of the low-temperature plasma treatment instrument is argon or nitrogen; the frequency of the low-temperature plasma treatment instrument is 35-65 KHz, the power is 30-80W, and the pressure of argon is 30-80 Pa.
3. The process for preparing color finishing mortar according to claim 2, wherein the spraying conditions of the electrostatic spraying device are as follows: the environment temperature is 50-60 ℃, the distance between the receiving device and the stainless steel spray head is 5-10 cm, the flow is 10-20 mL/h, the voltage is 12-20 kV, and the inner diameter of the stainless steel spray head is 0.8-1.6 mm.
4. The method of preparing color facing mortar of claim 2, wherein the polymer solution is prepared by: the composite material is prepared by dissolving polyacrylonitrile, polylactic acid and polyhydroxyethyl acrylate in a weight ratio of 3:1:1 in an organic solvent.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the organic solvent is DMF, xylene and chloroform at a volume ratio of 1:2: 1.
6. The method for producing color finishing mortar according to claim 2, wherein the method for preparing the dispersion liquid of the saltpetering inhibitor comprises: adding 20-30 parts by weight of bentonite, 5-10 parts by weight of boric acid, 5-8 parts by weight of tributyl phosphate, 3-5 parts by weight of carboxymethyl starch, 3-5 parts by weight of triethanolamine and 1-3 parts by weight of nano zinc oxide into 100-120 parts by weight of water, ultrasonically dispersing, and introducing micro-nano ozone bubbles into the mixed solution in the ultrasonic dispersing process; the ventilation rate of the micro-nano ozone bubbles is 100-120 mL/min; the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 30-45 KHz.
7. The method for preparing the color facing mortar of claim 1, wherein the latex powder is styrene-acrylic acid copolymer latex powder or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer latex powder; the quaternary ammonium salt is any one of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
8. The method for preparing color facing mortar of claim 1, wherein the water repellent is any one of silane-based water repellent, calcium stearate, and silicone-modified clay; the colorant is one or more of titanium dioxide, iron oxide series pigments and chromium salt pigments.
9. The method of preparing a color facing mortar of claim 1, wherein the defoamer is polydimethylsiloxane; the thixotropic lubricant is a lamellar silicate or magnesium aluminum silicate thixotropic lubricant.
10. The method of preparing color finishing mortar of claim 1, wherein the dispersant is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, sodium tripolyphosphate, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolic lactic acid in a weight ratio of 1:2: 1.
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