CN109435358B - A kind of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109435358B
CN109435358B CN201811248313.3A CN201811248313A CN109435358B CN 109435358 B CN109435358 B CN 109435358B CN 201811248313 A CN201811248313 A CN 201811248313A CN 109435358 B CN109435358 B CN 109435358B
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China
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spinning
hot pressing
preparation
composite water
permeable shell
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CN109435358A (en
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李晓强
孙倩
张家琳
陈欣
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BOSIDENG DOWN WEAR Co.,Ltd.
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Jiangnan University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
    • D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
    • D01D5/0084—Coating by electro-spinning, i.e. the electro-spun fibres are not removed from the collecting device but remain integral with it, e.g. coating of prostheses
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
    • B32B2262/0238—Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabrics and preparation method thereof, belong to textile finishing field.The present invention uses the spinning solution of various concentration gradient, low concentration spinning solution is pushed out liquid storage pipe prior to other high concentration spinning solutions, the fine micro-nano drop of hydrophobic material can not obtained first on traditional fabric, then as the spinning solution of high concentration is released, hydrophobic material can be at fine and collection on traditional fabric, the previous micro-nano drop of hydrophobic material plays the role of adhesive and is combined together traditional fabric and Electrospun nano-fibers, to obtain composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric.The method of the present invention not only simplifies combination process, has saved time material cost, and avoids the inhomogenous problem of fabric thickness and performance caused by bonding process.

Description

A kind of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabrics and preparation method thereof, belong to textile finishing field.
Background technique
Waterproof moisture permeating fabric (Waterproof&Moisture Permeable Fabric) generally also makes waterproof and breathable knit Object, foreign countries are commonly referred to as Waterproof and Breathable Fabric (can breathe fabric).Waterproof moisture permeating fabric is Referring to have makes water droplet (or drop) that cannot penetrate into fabric, and the sweat gas that human body distributes can be spread by fabric and be transmitted to the external world, no It causes to accumulate or condense, the functional fabric of imperceptible stuffy phenomenon between clothes and skin.It is that the mankind are to resist the Nature Infringement, occur in the case where self-protection is continuously improved, collect radix saposhnikoviae, rain, snow, resisting cold keeps warm, it is beautiful and comfortable High-tech textile.Studies have shown that only have the temperature for working as in the clothes of skin " micro climate area " at 32 ± 1 DEG C, it is relatively wet Degree human body at 50% ± 10% just feels comfortable, and human body is in optimal physiological status at this time.The clothes being made into this fabric Dress is not only able to satisfy dress when people's activity in the bad weather circumstances such as severe cold sleet, strong wind and needs (such as winter military uniform), It is also applied for requirement of the people's daily life to raincoat, sweat shirt etc., and beauty comfortable and easy to wear prevents frostbite without clammy sense.
The diameter of water vapour molecule is 0.0003-0.0004 microns, and the diameter of the smallest mist of diameter is 20 in rainwater Micron, the diameter of drizzle have been up to 400 microns, if it is possible to it is thin between vapor and rainwater to produce pore diameter Film, then not only waterproof but also moisture-inhibiting can be realized as.
The prior art often uses laminating method that Waterproof Breathable layer is passed through hot melt adhesive in conjunction with conventional fabrics fabric, in the layer It presses in cohesive process, since the presence of hot melt adhesive can block the fine pore in Waterproof Breathable layer, so that under its moisture-inhibiting function Drop.Therefore, as can using Waterproof Breathable layer raw material directly in conjunction with traditional fabric, without the use of hot melt adhesive or other bondings Agent, then can be to avoid problem above.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric.
Why the fabric that the present invention mentions is known as composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric, is because the Waterproof Breathable layer is electrostatic Spinning fibre non-woven fabrics.Electrostatic spinning technique is a kind of important process that can continuously make nano-fabric, and it is straight can to prepare monofilament Diameter 20-100nm is so that thinner nanofiber and nano fiber non-woven fabric film.Using hydrophobic polymer and pass through Static Spinning The nano fibrous membrane of silk preparation, has a characteristic that 1) soft fabric and drapability is good；2) fabric is to ambient reflection point It dissipates, is soft；3) micro nano structure of fabric makes its water penetration and oil absorption higher；4) face can be made by the functional component of addition Material has the function of antibacterial and deodouring etc..
Composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric of the present invention is not limited solely to above-mentioned fabrics feature, the micro nano structure of fabric So as to which human sweat rapidly to be adsorbed to and is transmitted to the another side of fabric, and increase the steaming of moisture by diffusion Fermentation product, reaches moisture-inhibiting function；And the hydrophobicity for forming nano fiber non-woven fabric thin-film material is not easy it close to body The side of body forms the aggregation of liquid water；To achieve the purpose that Waterproof Breathable and keep dry on the inside of fabric.
To achieve the above object, present invention firstly provides a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric, the sides Method the following steps are included:
1) it by after the cleaning of traditional fabric, oil removing, is dried for standby；
2) the hydrophobic material spinning solution for preparing two or more various concentration, according to the sequence of concentration from low to high according to It is secondary to be placed in the liquid storage pipe of electrospinning device, wherein low concentration is close to spinning syringe needle；
3) electrospinning device is connected into cathode voltage and cathode voltage, electrospinning conditions parameter is set, tradition is knitted Object plane material is fixed on reception cylinder surface, opens power supply, carries out spinning, successively forms receiving for hydrophobic material on conventional fabrics surface Meter Wei Zhu and nanofiber, and finally nano fiber non-woven fabric film is obtained on surface；
4) composite material covered with nano fiber non-woven fabric film is removed, composite water-proof moisture-inhibiting can be obtained in hot pressing, drying Fabric.
In one embodiment of the invention, traditional fabric is woven or knitting cotton, fiber crops, terylene, brocade Synthetic fibre or its blended fabric.
In one embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the hydrophobic material spinning solution is 1-20wt%, wherein described Low concentration is 1-7wt%, and the spinning solution under this concentration obtains drop containing solute or beading not under subsequent spinning condition Continuous fiber is unable to obtain continuous fiber；Higher concentration is 7-20wt%, and the spinning solution under this concentration is in subsequent spinning Under the conditions of obtain continuous fiber.
In one embodiment of the invention, the difference of the concentration of adjacent low concentration and higher concentration is no more than 6wt%.
In one embodiment of the invention, water repellent finish is carried out after traditional fabric oil removing.
In one embodiment of the invention, drying is to dry 1-5h at 70-90 DEG C in the step 1).
In one embodiment of the invention, the hydrophobic material is polyurethane, Kynoar, polymethylacrylic acid Methyl esters, polyimides and its mixture or copolymer.
In one embodiment of the invention, the solvent of the spinning solution is acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formyl One or more of amine, dimethylacetamide ammonia, trifluoroethanol, hexafluoroisopropanol.
In a kind of implementation method of the invention, electrostatic spinning voltage is 5-20kV；The syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected For 0.5-1.5mm；The distance between syringe needle and spinning fibre collecting board of electrostatic spinning are 5-30cm；The spinning speed of electrostatic spinning Degree is 1.0-5.0mL/h.
In a kind of implementation method of the invention, a certain amount of functional component is added in spinning solution and carries out electrostatic spinning, Achieve the purpose that antibacterial, far infrared transmission and generates anion.
In one embodiment of the invention, the hot pressing carries out on pressing machine, and wherein hot pressing pressure is 0.1- 0.8MPa；Hot pressing temperature is 80-120 DEG C, hot pressing time 5-120s.
In one embodiment of the invention, drying described in step (4) is naturally dry or dries at 70-90 DEG C It is dry.
The present invention also provides a kind of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabrics prepared by the above method.
Acquirement of the invention the utility model has the advantages that
(1) electrostatic spinning technique is used, the Waterproof Breathable layer that conventional fabrics and electrostatic spinning obtain is combined, Ji Nengbao Fabric it is comfortable, be also able to achieve good waterproof and moisture-permeable function；
(2) fabric improves the wearability of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric, the breaking strength of fabric using traditional fabric Etc. performances；Traditional fabric, in the case where having little influence on penetrability, gas permeability, substantially increases fabric after water repellent finish Waterproofness；
(3) lining for the composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric that the present invention obtains is Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven thin-film, by In present invention employs the spinning solutions of various concentration gradient, and low concentration spinning solution is prior to other high concentration spinning solution quilts Release liquid storage pipe, therefore, what is be firstly received on traditional fabric can not be the fine micro-nano drop of hydrophobic material, then with The spinning solution of high concentration is released, and hydrophobic material can be at fine and collection on traditional fabric, in this way, previously hydrophobic material micro-nano Rice drop just plays the role of adhesive and is combined together traditional fabric and Electrospun nano-fibers.This method is not only simple Combination process is changed, has saved time material cost, and it is inhomogenous to avoid fabric thickness and performance caused by bonding process The problem of.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 electrostatic spinning apparatus；Wherein, 1-, which is promoted, pumps, 2- liquid storage pipe, 3- gradient spinning solution, 4- nanofiber, and 5- connects Receive roller, 6- conventional fabrics fabric.
Specific embodiment
Below by the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described, but is not meant to protect the present invention Protect the limitation of range.
Whether fabric and waterproof layer fall off performance test methods: adhesive tape being affixed on one side surface of nanofiber, is placed After 30min, adhesive tape is removed with the speed of 30cm/min, as layers of nanofibers is separated with former traditional fabric, then it is assumed that it falls off； It does not separate such as, then it is assumed that it does not fall off
The method for testing performance of waterproof moisture permeable fabric:
Waterproof performance: the water pressure resistance of the YG812C apparatus measures tunica fibrosa of establishing criteria AATCC 127.In standard atmospheric pressure Under, fabric hydrophobic surface is contacted with water, hydraulic pressure is increased with constant rate of pressure rise, is slowly become larger at envers appearance three Pressure when droplet is hydrostatic pressing, that is, refers to the size of required resistance when liquid water passes through film, and size indicates The waterproof performance of film, the hydrostatic pressing value that film is born is bigger, and water resistance is higher.Each sample is random in this experiment test 3 samples are cut out, sample testing area is 225cm2, watertight constant rate of pressure rise is set as 6kPa/min, until sample There is the hydrostatic pressing of record at this time when 3 water droplets constantly increased in opposed region (water droplet that occurs in pressure ring edge 3mm not counting) Value finally takes its average value.
Water vapour permeability: fine using moisture absorption method by the computermatic moisture-inhibiting tester of YG601 type according to ASTM E96 standard Tie up the water vapour permeability of film.Operating procedure is as follows: being first 38 DEG C by machine set the temperature inside the box, humidity makes it flat in case for 90% It weighs to the temperature and humidity of setting, 33g anhydrous calcium chloride is attached in moisture vapor transmission cup by next, and (effective area of moisture vapor transmission cup is 28.26cm2) And tunica fibrosa sample is mounted above, then the moisture vapor transmission cup installed removal lid is just being put into the case of counter-balanced moisture-inhibiting, The stabilization of water and air velocity is kept, taking-up moisture vapor transmission cup, which closes the lid to be placed in drying basin, after 0.5h balances 0.5h, weighs The gross mass of moisture vapor transmission cup at this time, is denoted as, and is again just putting back in moisture-inhibiting case moisture vapor transmission cup removal lid again, moisture-inhibiting is taken out after 1h Cup lid upper cover is simultaneously put into drying basin and balances 0.5h again, weighs the gross mass of moisture vapor transmission cup, is denoted as, and finally calculates by following formula The vapor transfer rate (WVTR) of tunica fibrosa is obtained afterwards.
In formula, WVTR: every square metre daily vapor transfer rate, unit g/m2/d；T is testing time, unit h；m2-m1For The difference of the quality of same test combinations, unit g；S is test area, unit m2。
Embodiment 1
Conventional fabrics fabric selects woven polyester-cotton blend plain cloth, while fabric did water repellent finish, fabric is passed through two-sided Glue is fixed on reception cylinder surface；
A certain amount of polyurethane (PU) is weighed, it is molten to be dissolved in acetone/N-N dimethylformamide mixing that volume ratio is 1:3 In agent, 2-3 hour of magnetic agitation obtains the spinning solution that concentration is respectively 3wt%, 7wt%, 11wt% and 15wt%, to With；
PU spinning solution is sequentially added in liquid storage pipe according to the concentration gradient of 3wt%, 7wt%, 11wt%, 15wt%, In, concentration is the PU spinning solution of 3wt% close to spinning syringe needle；
The positive voltage for adjusting electrostatic spinning apparatus reaches+18kV, opens propeller and roller, and make spinning solution with 2mL/h Speed release storing pipe；Wherein, the syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.9mm；The syringe needle and spinning fibre of electrostatic spinning The distance between collecting board is 15cm；
After electrostatic spinning, the Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven thin-film with a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.1mm is obtained.
It carefully takes off covered with nanofiber composite material, it is passed through and carries out hot pressing on pressing machine, hot pressing time 20s, Temperature is 110 DEG C；
By composite material obtained in 80 DEG C of drying 2h, PU/ polyester-cotton blend composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric has been finally obtained.
Embodiment 2
Conventional fabrics fabric selects woven polyester-cotton blend plain cloth, while fabric did water repellent finish, fabric is passed through two-sided Glue is fixed on reception cylinder surface；
A certain amount of polyurethane (PU) is weighed, it is molten to be dissolved in acetone/N-N dimethylformamide mixing that volume ratio is 1:3 In agent, 2-3 hour of magnetic agitation obtains the spinning solution that concentration is respectively 2wt%, 6wt%, 8wt% and 10wt%, to With；
PU spinning solution is sequentially added in liquid storage pipe according to the concentration gradient of 2wt%, 6wt%, 8wt%, 10wt%, In, concentration is the PU spinning solution of 2wt% close to spinning syringe needle；
The positive voltage for adjusting electrostatic spinning apparatus reaches+18kV, opens propeller and roller, and make spinning solution with 2mL/h Speed release storing pipe；Wherein, the syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.9mm；The syringe needle and spinning fibre of electrostatic spinning The distance between collecting board is 15cm；
After electrostatic spinning, the Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven thin-film with a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.1mm is obtained.
It carefully takes off covered with nanofiber composite material, it is passed through and carries out hot pressing on pressing machine, hot pressing time 20s, Temperature is 110 DEG C；
By composite material obtained in 80 DEG C of drying 2h, PU/ polyester-cotton blend composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric has been finally obtained.
Embodiment 3
Conventional fabrics fabric selects knitting linen, while fabric did water repellent finish, and fabric is fixed by double-sided adhesive In reception cylinder surface；
A certain amount of Kynoar is weighed, is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, 2 hours of magnetic agitation obtain concentration difference For the spinning solution of 3wt%, 6wt%, 10wt% and 15wt%, for use；
Kynoar spinning solution is sequentially added into liquid storage according to the concentration gradient of 3wt%, 6wt%, 10wt%, 15wt% Guan Zhong, wherein concentration is the Kynoar spinning solution of 3wt% close to spinning syringe needle；
The positive voltage for adjusting electrostatic spinning apparatus reaches+10kV, opens propeller and roller, and make spinning solution with 3mL/h Speed release storing pipe；Wherein, the syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 1.5mm；The syringe needle and spinning fibre of electrostatic spinning The distance between collecting board is 20cm；
After electrostatic spinning, the Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven thin-film with a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.1mm is obtained.
It carefully takes off covered with nanofiber composite material, it is passed through and carries out hot pressing on pressing machine, hot pressing time 50s, Temperature is 100 DEG C；
By composite material naturally dry obtained, Kynoar/linen composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric has been finally obtained.
Embodiment 4
Conventional fabrics fabric selects woven polyamide fibre plain cloth, while fabric did water repellent finish, fabric is passed through two-sided Glue is fixed on reception cylinder surface；
A certain amount of polymethyl methacrylate is weighed, is dissolved in acetone, 2.5 hours of magnetic agitation obtain concentration The respectively spinning solution of 1wt%, 4wt%, 9wt% and 16wt%, for use；
Polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution is successively added according to the concentration gradient of 1wt%, 4wt%, 9wt%, 16wt% Enter in liquid storage pipe, wherein concentration is the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution of 1wt% close to spinning syringe needle；
The positive voltage for adjusting electrostatic spinning apparatus reaches+15kV, opens propeller and roller, and make spinning solution with 3mL/h Speed release storing pipe；Wherein, the syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.5mm；The syringe needle and spinning fibre of electrostatic spinning The distance between collecting board is 10cm；
After electrostatic spinning, the Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven thin-film with a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.1mm is obtained.
It carefully takes off covered with nanofiber composite material, it is passed through and carries out hot pressing on pressing machine, hot pressing time 100s, Temperature is 80 DEG C；
By composite material obtained in 70 DEG C of drying 3h, polymethyl methacrylate/polyamide fibre composite water-proof has been finally obtained Moisture-permeable shell fabric.
Embodiment 5
Conventional fabrics fabric selects woven polyester-cotton blend plain cloth, while fabric did water repellent finish, fabric is passed through two-sided Glue is fixed on reception cylinder surface；
A certain amount of polyurethane (PU) is weighed, it is molten to be dissolved in acetone/N-N dimethylformamide mixing that volume ratio is 1:3 In agent, 2-3 hour of magnetic agitation obtains the spinning solution that concentration is respectively 2wt%, 7wt% and 11wt%, for use；
PU spinning solution is sequentially added in liquid storage pipe according to the concentration gradient of 2wt%, 7wt%, 11wt%, wherein concentration For 2wt% PU spinning solution close to spinning syringe needle；
The positive voltage for adjusting electrostatic spinning apparatus reaches+18kV, opens propeller and roller, and make spinning solution with 2mL/h Speed release storing pipe；Wherein, the syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.9mm；The syringe needle and spinning fibre of electrostatic spinning The distance between collecting board is 15cm；
After electrostatic spinning, the Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven thin-film with a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.1mm is obtained.
It carefully takes off covered with nanofiber composite material, it is passed through and carries out hot pressing on pressing machine, hot pressing time 20s, Temperature is 110 DEG C；
By composite material obtained in 80 DEG C of drying 2h, PU/ polyester-cotton blend composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric has been finally obtained.
Embodiment 6
Conventional fabrics fabric selects woven polyester-cotton blend plain cloth, while fabric did water repellent finish, fabric is passed through two-sided Glue is fixed on reception cylinder surface；
A certain amount of polyurethane (PU) is weighed, it is molten to be dissolved in acetone/N-N dimethylformamide mixing that volume ratio is 1:3 In agent, 2-3 hour of magnetic agitation obtains the spinning solution that concentration is respectively 5wt% and 11wt%, for use；
PU spinning solution is sequentially added in liquid storage pipe according to the concentration gradient of 5wt%, 11wt%, wherein concentration 5wt% PU spinning solution close to spinning syringe needle；
The positive voltage for adjusting electrostatic spinning apparatus reaches+18kV, opens propeller and roller, and make spinning solution with 2mL/h Speed release storing pipe；Wherein, the syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.9mm；The syringe needle and spinning fibre of electrostatic spinning The distance between collecting board is 15cm；
After electrostatic spinning, the Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven thin-film with a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.1mm is obtained.
It carefully takes off covered with nanofiber composite material, it is passed through and carries out hot pressing on pressing machine, hot pressing time 20s, Temperature is 110 DEG C；
By composite material obtained in 80 DEG C of drying 2h, PU/ polyester-cotton blend composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric has been finally obtained.
The larger situation of 1 concentration gradient span of comparative example
Conventional fabrics fabric selects woven polyester-cotton blend plain cloth, while fabric did water repellent finish, fabric is passed through two-sided Glue is fixed on reception cylinder surface；
A certain amount of polyurethane (PU) is weighed, it is molten to be dissolved in acetone/N-N dimethylformamide mixing that volume ratio is 1:3 In agent, 2-3 hour of magnetic agitation obtains the spinning solution that concentration is respectively 3wt% and 15wt%, for use；
PU spinning solution is sequentially added in liquid storage pipe according to the concentration gradient of 3wt% and 15wt%, wherein concentration is The PU spinning solution of 3wt% is close to spinning syringe needle；
The positive voltage for adjusting electrostatic spinning apparatus reaches+18kV, opens propeller and roller, and make spinning solution with 2mL/h Speed release storing pipe；Wherein, the syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.9mm；The syringe needle and spinning fibre of electrostatic spinning The distance between collecting board is 15cm；
After electrostatic spinning, the Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven thin-film of certain thickness (1.0 ± 0.1mm) is obtained.
It carefully takes off covered with nanofiber composite material, it is passed through and carries out hot pressing on pressing machine, hot pressing time 20s, Temperature is 110 DEG C；
By composite material obtained in 80 DEG C of drying 2h, PU/ polyester-cotton blend composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric has been finally obtained.
The larger situation of 2 concentration gradient span of comparative example
Conventional fabrics fabric selects woven polyester-cotton blend plain cloth, while fabric did water repellent finish, fabric is passed through two-sided Glue is fixed on reception cylinder surface；
A certain amount of polyurethane (PU) is weighed, it is molten to be dissolved in acetone/N-N dimethylformamide mixing that volume ratio is 1:3 In agent, 2-3 hour of magnetic agitation obtains the spinning solution that concentration is respectively 2wt% and 6wt%, for use；
PU spinning solution is sequentially added in liquid storage pipe according to the concentration gradient of 2wt% and 6wt%, wherein concentration 2wt% PU spinning solution close to spinning syringe needle；
The positive voltage for adjusting electrostatic spinning apparatus reaches+18kV, opens propeller and roller, and make spinning solution with 2mL/h Speed release storing pipe；Wherein, the syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.9mm；The syringe needle and spinning fibre of electrostatic spinning The distance between collecting board is 15cm；
After electrostatic spinning, it is unable to get Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven thin-film.
Comparative example 3 bonds woven polyester-cotton blend plain cloth and electrostatic spinning PU tunica fibrosa using hot melt adhesive
Conventional fabrics fabric selects woven polyester-cotton blend plain cloth, while fabric did water repellent finish, fabric is passed through two-sided Glue is fixed on reception cylinder surface；Then, one layer of EVA hot-melt adhesive film is applied on its surface.
A certain amount of polyurethane (PU) is weighed, it is molten to be dissolved in acetone/N-N dimethylformamide mixing that volume ratio is 1:3 In agent, 2-3 hour of magnetic agitation obtains the spinning solution that concentration is 15wt%, for use；
PU spinning solution is added in liquid storage pipe, the positive voltage for adjusting electrostatic spinning apparatus reaches+18kV, open propeller and Roller, and spinning solution is made to release storing pipe with the speed of 2mL/h；Wherein, the syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.9mm；It is quiet The distance between syringe needle and spinning fibre collecting board of Electrospun are 15cm；
After electrostatic spinning, the Electrospun nano-fibers non-woven thin-film of certain thickness (1.0 ± 0.1mm) is obtained.
It carefully takes off covered with nanofiber composite material, it is passed through and carries out hot pressing on pressing machine, hot pressing time 20s, Temperature is 110 DEG C；
By composite material obtained in 80 DEG C of drying 2h, PU/ polyester-cotton blend composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric has been finally obtained.
Waterproof performance and water vapour permeability test, test result are carried out to the waterproof moisture permeable fabric that embodiment and comparative example obtains It see the table below 1.As it can be seen that the composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric being prepared using the method for the present invention not only water pressure resistance with higher, and Its vapor transfer rate it is more traditional by Waterproof Breathable layer by hot melt adhesive compared with the method that conventional fabrics fabric combines, improve 300% or more, there is good waterproof and moisture-permeable function.
The waterproofing and moisture-penetration performances test result for the waterproof moisture permeable fabric that table 1 is prepared
Wherein, --- indicate that the sample can not carry out water pressure resistance and vapor transfer rate test
Although the present invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, any to be familiar with this skill The people of art can do various change and modification, therefore protection model of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention Enclosing subject to the definition of the claims.

Claims (24)

1. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
1) it by after the cleaning of traditional fabric, oil removing, is dried for standby；
2) the hydrophobic material spinning solution for preparing two or more various concentration is successively set according to the sequence of concentration from low to high In the liquid storage pipe of electrospinning device, wherein low concentration is close to spinning syringe needle；
3) electrospinning device is connected into cathode voltage and cathode voltage, electrospinning conditions parameter is set, by conventional fabrics face Material is fixed on reception cylinder surface, opens power supply, carries out spinning, and the nanometer for successively forming hydrophobic material on conventional fabrics surface is micro- Pearl and nanofiber, and finally nano fiber non-woven fabric film is obtained on surface；
4) composite material covered with nano fiber non-woven fabric film is removed, composite water-proof moisture-inhibiting face can be obtained in hot pressing, drying Material.
2. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tradition face Expect that fabric is woven or knitting cotton, fiber crops, terylene, polyamide fibre or its blended fabric.
3. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the biography Water repellent finish is carried out after system fabric oil removing.
4. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described to hate Water material is polyurethane, Kynoar, polymethyl methacrylate, polyimides and its mixture or copolymer；It is described The solvent of spinning solution is acetone, in dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide ammonia, trifluoroethanol, hexafluoroisopropanol liquid One or more.
5. according to claim 1 or a kind of preparation method of 2 any composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabrics, which is characterized in that institute Stating concentration is 1-20wt%.
6. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the concentration is 1-20wt%.
7. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the concentration is 1-20wt%.
8. according to claim 1, a kind of preparation method of any composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric in 2,6 or 7, feature exist In electrostatic spinning voltage is 5-20kV；The syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.5-1.5mm；The syringe needle of electrostatic spinning and spinning The distance between silk fiber collecting board is 5-30cm；The spinning speed of electrostatic spinning is 1.0-5.0mL/h.
9. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 3, which is characterized in that electrostatic spinning electricity Pressure is 5-20kV；The syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.5-1.5mm；The syringe needle of electrostatic spinning and spinning fibre collecting board it Between distance be 5-30cm；The spinning speed of electrostatic spinning is 1.0-5.0mL/h.
10. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 4, which is characterized in that electrostatic spinning Voltage is 5-20kV；The syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.5-1.5mm；The syringe needle and spinning fibre collecting board of electrostatic spinning The distance between be 5-30cm；The spinning speed of electrostatic spinning is 1.0-5.0mL/h.
11. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 5, which is characterized in that electrostatic spinning Voltage is 5-20kV；The syringe needle internal diameter that electrostatic spinning is selected is 0.5-1.5mm；The syringe needle and spinning fibre collecting board of electrostatic spinning The distance between be 5-30cm；The spinning speed of electrostatic spinning is 1.0-5.0mL/h.
12. a kind of according to claim 1, preparation method of any composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric of 2,6,7 or 9-11, special Sign is, functional component is added in spinning solution and carries out electrostatic spinning, reaches antibacterial, far infrared transmission and the mesh for generating anion 's.
13. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in spinning solution Middle addition functional component carries out electrostatic spinning, achievees the purpose that antibacterial, far infrared transmission and generates anion.
14. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in spinning solution Middle addition functional component carries out electrostatic spinning, achievees the purpose that antibacterial, far infrared transmission and generates anion.
15. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in spinning solution Middle addition functional component carries out electrostatic spinning, achievees the purpose that antibacterial, far infrared transmission and generates anion.
16. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in spinning solution Middle addition functional component carries out electrostatic spinning, achievees the purpose that antibacterial, far infrared transmission and generates anion.
17. according to claim 1,2,6,7, the preparation side of 9-11 or a kind of any composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric of 13-16 Method, which is characterized in that the hot pressing carries out on pressing machine, and wherein hot pressing pressure is 0.10-0.80MPa；Hot pressing temperature is 80- 120 DEG C, hot pressing time 5-120s.
18. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the hot pressing It is carried out on pressing machine, wherein hot pressing pressure is 0.10-0.80MPa；Hot pressing temperature is 80-120 DEG C, hot pressing time 5- 120s。
19. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the hot pressing It is carried out on pressing machine, wherein hot pressing pressure is 0.10-0.80MPa；Hot pressing temperature is 80-120 DEG C, hot pressing time 5- 120s。
20. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the hot pressing It is carried out on pressing machine, wherein hot pressing pressure is 0.10-0.80MPa；Hot pressing temperature is 80-120 DEG C, hot pressing time 5- 120s。
21. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the hot pressing It is carried out on pressing machine, wherein hot pressing pressure is 0.10-0.80MPa；Hot pressing temperature is 80-120 DEG C, hot pressing time 5- 120s。
22. a kind of preparation method of composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the hot pressing It is carried out on pressing machine, wherein hot pressing pressure is 0.10-0.80MPa；Hot pressing temperature is 80-120 DEG C, hot pressing time 5- 120s。
23. a kind of preparation method of any composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric of application claim 1-22 is prepared compound Waterproof moisture permeable fabric.
24. the underwear that composite water-proof moisture-permeable shell fabric is prepared described in claim 23, water-proof jacket, raincoat, sweat shirt, natural feather Clothes.
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