CN109420970B - Hard metal electrochemical plane grinding equipment - Google Patents

Hard metal electrochemical plane grinding equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109420970B
CN109420970B CN201710783932.1A CN201710783932A CN109420970B CN 109420970 B CN109420970 B CN 109420970B CN 201710783932 A CN201710783932 A CN 201710783932A CN 109420970 B CN109420970 B CN 109420970B
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grinding wheel
workpiece
hard metal
grinding
ground
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CN109420970A (en
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夏宣傅
杨理文
陈小硕
陆苏
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Shenzhen Shuijiaxin Technology Co ltd
Shenzhen Everwin Precision Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Shuijiaxin Technology Co ltd
Shenzhen Everwin Precision Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
    • B24B37/07—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool
    • B24B37/10—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool for single side lapping
    • B24B37/105—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool for single side lapping the workpieces or work carriers being actively moved by a drive, e.g. in a combined rotary and translatory movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/27—Work carriers
    • B24B37/30—Work carriers for single side lapping of plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/34—Accessories

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The electrochemical plane grinding equipment for the hard metal comprises a machine table, a grinding wheel assembly arranged on the machine table, a plurality of workpiece clamping mechanisms and spraying mechanisms, wherein the workpiece clamping mechanisms and the spraying mechanisms are arranged on the periphery of the grinding wheel assembly, a circular water tank is arranged on the upper surface of the machine table, the grinding wheel assembly comprises a grinding wheel arranged in the circular water tank and a driving mechanism for driving the grinding wheel to rotate, the grinding wheel comprises a base body and sand grains arranged on the axial outer surface of the base body, the base body is a conductor, and the sand grains are insulators. This application can grind the processing simultaneously to a plurality of hard metal work pieces fast, has promoted efficiency.

Description

Hard metal electrochemical plane grinding equipment
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of metal processing, in particular to electrochemical plane grinding equipment for hard metal.
Background
At present, mobile terminal shells such as mobile phones and the like generally adopt light metal alloys such as magnesium or aluminum as shells, the magnesium or aluminum alloys have low hardness, and forging or die casting is generally adopted in the machining process, and then CNC cutting is adopted for finish machining.
With the development of the mobile phone market, the requirements for the texture and hardness of the housing are increasing. At present, superhard materials such as stainless steel are adopted as mobile phone shells in the market, but the processing difficulty of the superhard materials such as the stainless steel is very high, and more cutters and longer time are needed for processing. The traditional CNC process is adopted to process the superhard materials such as stainless steel and the like, so that the product cost is high, and the requirements of customers cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a hard metal electrochemical flat polishing apparatus with low processing cost and good processing effect.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a hard metal electrochemical plane grinding device, which comprises a machine table, a grinding wheel component arranged on the machine table, a plurality of workpiece clamping mechanisms and a spraying mechanism, wherein the workpiece clamping mechanisms and the spraying mechanism are arranged on the periphery of the grinding wheel component, the grinding wheel component comprises a grinding wheel arranged in the circular water tank and a driving mechanism for driving the grinding wheel to rotate, the grinding wheel comprises a base body and sand grains arranged on the axial outer surface of the base body, the base body is a conductor, the sand grains are insulators, the workpiece clamping mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the water tank, the workpiece clamping mechanisms are used for clamping a workpiece and tightly pasting the surface to be ground of the workpiece on the axial outer surface of the grinding wheel, the spraying mechanism sprays treatment liquid to the grinding wheel, the treatment liquid flows into the surface to be ground of the workpiece under the action of centrifugal force generated by rotation of the grinding wheel and generates a chemical reaction with the surface to be ground, and the grinding wheel rotates to enable the surface of the workpiece to be ground to generate friction with the sand grains so as to remove chemical corrosive substances on the surface of the workpiece to be ground.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the water tank is larger than the outer diameter of the grinding wheel, the matrix of the grinding wheel is a copper matrix, and the grinding wheel is formed by sintering the copper matrix and sand grains with the granularity of 80-400 meshes.
Preferably, the distance between the surface of the workpiece to be ground and the grinding wheel base body is 0.02-0.1 mm.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the grinding wheel is 15-60 rad/min.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the grinding wheel is 28-32 rad/min.
Preferably, the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a fixed seat fixed on the upper surface of the machine table, a moving block arranged on the fixed seat and facing the water tank, a power mechanism arranged at the top end of the fixed seat, and a clamp used for clamping the workpiece.
Preferably, a shaft rod is arranged in the fixed seat, a guide rail is further arranged on the fixed seat, and the moving block comprises a main body part, a guide groove matched with the guide rail of the fixed seat, a protruding block protruding towards the fixed seat, and a shaft sleeve installed on the protruding block and sleeved on the shaft rod.
Preferably, the clamp is fixed to the moving block and extends to a position above an axial upper surface of the grinding wheel, the workpiece is clamped on the clamp and located above the axial upper surface of the grinding wheel, the workpiece is connected with the clamp through a rotating shaft, the workpiece can rotate around the rotating shaft, and the moving block can drive the workpiece to move in the vertical direction under the driving of the power mechanism.
Preferably, the workpiece site stainless steel, the treatment liquid comprises by mass: 3 to 7 percent of sodium nitrate, 2.5 to 5 percent of sodium chloride, 1 to 3 percent of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1 to 1 percent of glycerin and more than 80 percent of water.
Preferably, the workpiece site stainless steel, the treatment liquid comprises by mass: 4 to 6 percent of sodium nitrate, 2.8 to 3.2 percent of sodium chloride, 1.8 to 2.2 percent of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3 to 0.7 percent of glycerol and more than 80 percent of water.
Preferably, the treatment liquid comprises by mass: 5% of sodium nitrate, 3% of sodium chloride, 2% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% of glycerol and more than 80% of water.
Preferably, the treatment liquid and the surface to be abraded of the workpiece produce the following chemical reaction:
Figure BDA0001395081300000021
Mn-3e＝Mn3+；
Mn-2e＝Mn2+；
Cr-2e＝Cr2+；
Si+2H2O-4e＝SiO2(s)↓+4H+；
Fe2++e＝Fe3+；
Cr-3e＝Cr3+；
Fe-2e＝Fe2+；
Cr2+-e＝Cr3+；
Ni-2e＝Ni2+；
Fe-3e＝Fe3+；
4OH--4e＝2H2O+O2(g)↑；
Figure BDA0001395081300000031
Mn2++2H2O-2e＝MnO2(s)↓+4H+；
Figure BDA0001395081300000032
Figure BDA0001395081300000035
2Cl--2e＝Cl2(g)↑；
Figure BDA0001395081300000033
Figure BDA0001395081300000034
the hard metal electrochemical plane grinding equipment provided by the application realizes grinding of a plurality of workpieces at one time by arranging the workpiece clamping mechanisms around the grinding wheel, and greatly improves the efficiency.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hard metal electrochemical polishing method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hard metal electrochemical polishing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a triple hard metal electrochemical flat lapping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the grinding apparatus of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the dotted circle shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a workpiece clamping mechanism of a triple hard metal electrochemical flat grinding apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a workpiece clamping mechanism of a triple hard metal electrochemical flat grinding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the hard metal electrochemical plane grinding device of the present application includes a grinding wheel 21 and a workpiece 40, wherein the grinding wheel 21 includes a substrate 211 and sand grains 212 distributed on a surface of the substrate 211. The substrate 211 of the grinding wheel 21 is a conductor capable of transmitting current, and the sand 212 is an insulator incapable of transmitting current. The grinding wheel 21 is formed by sintering a copper matrix (namely the matrix 211) and sand grains with the granularity of 80-400 meshes.
The hard metal takes stainless steel as an example, and the machining process comprises the following steps:
s1, clamping the workpiece 40, and enabling the surface to be ground of the workpiece 40 to face the grinding wheel 21; the sand grains 212 of the grinding wheel 21 are contacted with the surface to be ground of the workpiece 40, a gap of 0.02-0.1mm is kept between the matrix 211 of the grinding wheel 21 and the surface to be ground of the workpiece 40, namely the height of the sand grains 212 is between 0.02-0.1mm, and the height of the sand grains 212 is smaller and smaller along with the grinding loss.
S2, spraying treatment liquid to the surface to be ground of the workpiece 40;
the spraying speed of the treatment liquid is 1-3m/s, and the spraying speed of the treatment liquid can be formed by throwing the treatment liquid outwards through the rotation of the grinding wheel 21.
The treating fluid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-7% of sodium nitrate, 2.5-5% of sodium chloride, 1-3% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1-1% of glycerol and more than 80% of water;
preferably, the treatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4-6% of sodium nitrate, 2.8-3.2% of sodium chloride, 1.8-2.2% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3-0.7% of glycerol and more than 80% of water;
preferably, the treatment liquid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of sodium nitrate, 3% of sodium chloride, 2% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% of glycerol and more than 80% of water.
S3, connecting the grinding wheel 21 with the negative electrode of a direct current power supply, connecting the workpiece 40 with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, wherein the direct current power supply is a high-frequency switch power supply with the frequency of 30KHz-100KHz, and the working voltage is 1-10V. In this step, the metal elements in the stainless steel are chemically corroded, so that a corrosion layer is generated on the surface to be ground of the workpiece 40, and the following chemical reactions are generated on the surface to be ground of the workpiece 40 within a certain distance relative to the conductive base 211 of the grinding wheel 21:
Figure BDA0001395081300000051
Mn-3e＝Mn3+
Mn-2e＝Mn2+
Cr-2e＝Cr2+
Si+2H2O-4e＝SiO2(s)↓+4H+
Fe2++e＝Fe3+
Cr-3e＝Cr3+
Fe-2e＝Fe2+
Cr2+-e＝Cr3+
Ni-2e＝Ni2+
Fe-3e＝Fe3+
4OH--4e＝2H2O+O2(g)↑
Figure BDA0001395081300000061
Mn2++2H2O-2e＝MnO2(s)↓+4H+
Figure BDA0001395081300000062
Figure BDA0001395081300000063
2Cl--2e＝Cl2(g)↑
Figure BDA0001395081300000064
Figure BDA0001395081300000065
s4, rotating the grinding wheel 21, moving the workpiece 40 to generate friction between the grinding wheel 21 and all the surfaces to be ground of the workpiece 40, removing the corrosion layer on the surfaces to be ground of the workpiece 40, wherein the primary feeding amount of the grinding wheel 21 or the workpiece 40 is 0.005-0.1mm, and circularly grinding until the grinding thickness reaches the preset requirement.
In the first embodiment, sand particles 212 are provided on the radially outer surface of the grinding wheel 21, and are ground by the rotation of the grinding wheel.
Referring to fig. 2, in the second embodiment, sand particles 212 may be disposed on an axial outer surface of the grinding wheel 21, and the rotation of the grinding wheel 21 is used to grind the surface to be ground of the workpiece through the axial outer surface, so that the grinding area of the grinding wheel 21 may be increased.
This application is compared in the mode that adopts CNC cutter processing, combines the electrochemical corrosion the abrasive surface of treating of hard metal is accelerating through the sand grain friction of emery wheel 21 the grinding of corrosion coating has promoted machining efficiency greatly.
Referring to fig. 3 to 7, which are drawings of a hard metal electrochemical flat polishing apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present application, the third embodiment uses the hard metal electrochemical grinding process described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment to process a hard metal.
The electrochemical plane grinding device for hard metal in the third embodiment comprises a machine table 10, a grinding wheel assembly 20 arranged on the upper surface of the machine table 10, a plurality of workpiece clamping mechanisms 30 arranged around the grinding wheel assembly 20, and a spraying mechanism (not shown).
The machine table 10 comprises a frame 11 and a water tank 12 arranged on the upper surface of the machine table 10, and the projection of the water tank 12 in the overlooking angle is circular.
The grinding wheel assembly 20 includes a grinding wheel 21 installed in the water tank 12, a driving mechanism 22 provided in the machine 10, and a driving shaft 23 connecting the driving mechanism 22 and the grinding wheel 21. The driving mechanism 22 is a driving motor, the driving motor drives the grinding wheel 21 to rotate through the driving shaft 23, and the rotating speed of the grinding wheel 21 is 15-60rad/min, preferably 28-32 rad/min. The outer diameter of the grinding wheel 21 is smaller than the inner diameter of the water tank 12, and the grinding wheel 21 and the water tank 12 are coaxially arranged. As described in the second embodiment, the grinding wheel 21 is provided with sand grains on the outer axial surface of the grinding wheel 21, and the grinding wheel 21 and the workpiece 40 are ground through the outer axial surface of the grinding wheel 21.
The plurality of workpiece clamping mechanisms 30 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the circular water tank 12, and each workpiece clamping mechanism 30 includes a fixed seat 31 fixed on the upper surface of the machine station 10, a moving block 32 arranged on the fixed seat 31 and facing the direction of the water tank 12, a power mechanism 33 arranged at the top end of the fixed seat 31, and a clamp (not shown) for clamping the workpiece 40. The power mechanism 33 is a servo motor or an air cylinder. The fixed seat 31 is provided with a shaft 311, the fixed seat 31 is further provided with a guide rail 312, and the moving block 32 includes a main body 321, a guide groove 322 engaged with the guide rail 312 of the fixed seat 31, a protruding block 323 protruding toward the fixed seat 31, and a shaft sleeve 324 mounted on the protruding block 323 and sleeved on the shaft 311. The fixture is fixed on the moving block 32 and extends above the axial upper surface of the grinding wheel 21, the workpiece 40 is clamped on the fixture and is located above the axial upper surface of the grinding wheel 21, and the workpiece 40 and the fixture are connected through a rotating shaft (not shown), that is, the workpiece 40 can rotate around the rotating shaft. The moving block 32 is movable in the vertical direction by the power mechanism 33.
The spraying mechanism directly sprays the treatment liquid to the central position on the upper surface of the grinding wheel 21, and the treatment liquid enters the surface to be ground of the grinding wheel 40 at a certain speed by generating centrifugal force through the rotation of the grinding wheel 21.
The hard metal electrochemical plane grinding device has the following working principle that the hard metal workpiece 40 is fixed on the moving block 32 through the clamp, so that the workpiece 40 is tightly attached to the axial upper surface of the grinding wheel 21 and contacts the sand particles 212. Spraying a treatment liquid onto the axial upper surface of the grinding wheel 21, then, connecting the copper matrix 211 of the grinding wheel 21 with the negative electrode of a direct current power supply, connecting the workpiece 40 with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, starting the driving mechanism 22 to rotate the grinding wheel 21, starting the power mechanism 33 to enable the surface to be ground of the workpiece 40 to be attached to the sand grains 212 on the upper surface of the grinding wheel 21, driving the workpiece 40 to rotate around the rotating shaft in the opposite direction to accelerate the grinding speed when the grinding wheel 21 rotates, wherein the rotation speed of the workpiece 40 is greater than the rotation speed of the grinding wheel 21.
The hard metal electrochemical plane grinding equipment provided by the application realizes one-time grinding of a plurality of workpieces 40 by arranging the workpiece clamping mechanisms 30 around the grinding wheel 21, and greatly improves the efficiency.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (7)

1. The electrochemical plane grinding equipment for the hard metal is characterized by comprising a machine table, a grinding wheel assembly arranged on the machine table, a plurality of workpiece clamping mechanisms and a spraying mechanism, wherein the workpiece clamping mechanisms and the spraying mechanism are arranged on the periphery of the grinding wheel assembly, the grinding wheel assembly comprises a grinding wheel arranged in the circular water tank and a driving mechanism for driving the grinding wheel to rotate, the grinding wheel comprises a base body and sand grains arranged on the axial outer surface of the base body, the base body is a conductor, the sand grains are insulators, the workpiece clamping mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the water tank, the workpiece clamping mechanisms are used for clamping a workpiece and enabling the surface to be ground of the workpiece to be tightly attached to the sand grains on the axial outer surface of the grinding wheel, the spraying mechanism directly sprays treatment liquid to the central position on the upper surface of the grinding wheel, and centrifugal force is generated through rotation of the grinding wheel, the treatment liquid is enabled to invade the surface to be ground, and the surface to be ground of the workpiece is enabled to generate friction with the sand grains through the rotation of the grinding wheel so as to remove chemical corrosive substances on the surface to be ground of the workpiece;
the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a fixed seat fixed on the upper surface of the machine table, a moving block arranged on the fixed seat and facing the water tank direction, a power mechanism arranged at the top end of the fixed seat and a clamp used for clamping the workpiece;
the clamp is fixed on the moving block and extends to the upper part of the axial upper surface of the grinding wheel, the workpiece is clamped on the clamp and is positioned above the axial upper surface of the grinding wheel, the workpiece is connected with the clamp through a rotating shaft, the workpiece can rotate around the rotating shaft, and the moving block can drive the workpiece to move in the vertical direction under the driving of the power mechanism;
the workpiece is stainless steel, and the treatment fluid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4 to 6 percent of sodium nitrate, 2.8 to 3.2 percent of sodium chloride, 1.8 to 2.2 percent of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3 to 0.7 percent of glycerol and more than 80 percent of water.
2. A hard metal electrochemical flat grinding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inside diameter of said water bath is larger than the outside diameter of said grinding wheel, the matrix of said grinding wheel is a copper matrix, and said grinding wheel is formed by sintering said copper matrix with sand grains having a grain size of 80-400 mesh.
3. A hard metal electrochemical flat grinding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the surface of the workpiece to be ground and the grinding wheel base is 0.02 to 0.1 mm.
4. A hard metal electrochemical flat grinding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said grinding wheel is rotated at a speed of 15 to 60 rad/min.
5. A hard metal electrochemical flat grinding apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein said wheel is rotated at 28 to 32 rad/min.
6. The hard metal electrochemical flat grinding device according to claim 1, wherein a shaft rod is provided in the fixing base, a guide rail is further provided on the fixing base, and the moving block includes a main body portion, a guide groove engaged with the guide rail of the fixing base, a protruding block protruding toward the fixing base, and a bushing installed on the protruding block and fitted over the shaft rod.
7. A hard metal electrochemical flat lapping apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said treatment fluid comprises by mass: 5% of sodium nitrate, 3% of sodium chloride, 2% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% of glycerol and more than 80% of water.
CN201710783932.1A 2017-08-31 2017-08-31 Hard metal electrochemical plane grinding equipment Active CN109420970B (en)

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JP5896625B2 (en) * 2011-06-02 2016-03-30 株式会社荏原製作所 Method and apparatus for monitoring the polishing surface of a polishing pad used in a polishing apparatus
CN103586754B (en) * 2013-11-26 2015-11-11 厦门大学 A kind of optical element burnishing device
CN103769957A (en) * 2014-01-08 2014-05-07 海宁市新艺机电有限公司 Device and method for grinding operation of electrochemical molding grinding wheel
CN204195453U (en) * 2014-09-19 2015-03-11 丹阳市新光电子有限公司 A kind of mechanism for grinding electroplated component
CN106078407B (en) * 2016-06-30 2018-08-24 芜湖万辰电光源科技有限公司 Glass opening inner side grinding device
CN106914817A (en) * 2017-04-12 2017-07-04 张利群 For the electrode beveller of electrochemical workstation

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