CN109420811A - Hard metal boring method and equipment - Google Patents
Hard metal boring method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109420811A CN109420811A CN201710783744.9A CN201710783744A CN109420811A CN 109420811 A CN109420811 A CN 109420811A CN 201710783744 A CN201710783744 A CN 201710783744A CN 109420811 A CN109420811 A CN 109420811A
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- workpiece
- cathode taps
- hard metal
- boring method
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
- B23H9/16—Making holes using an electrolytic jet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/08—Working media
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of hard metal boring method, cathode taps and workpiece are provided, hole for water spraying is offered in the cathode taps, the cathode taps are placed in the workpiece to need above position with pores at the position 0.1-0.3mm, the cathode taps connect DC power cathode, the workpiece connects DC power anode, position with pores is needed from the hole for water spraying spray treatment liquid to the workpiece surface, chemical reaction is generated at the relatively described cathode taps position of the workpiece surface, the swiftly flowing treatment fluid takes away reactant, with the reaction speed of the workpiece position with pores, adjust the position of the cathode taps or/and workpiece, the cathode taps are made to keep 0.1-0.3mm at a distance from the workpiece position with pores until the aperture is through the workpiece.The application technique is high-efficient to hard metal aperture, processing cost is low.
Description
Technical field
This application involves the field of metal processing, espespecially a kind of hard metal boring method and equipment.
Background technique
Currently, the mobile terminal cases such as mobile phone, generally using light metal alloys such as magnesium or aluminium as shell, this waits magnesium or aluminium
Alloy rigidity is lower, in process, can generally be finished using forging or die casting, then by CNC cutting.With mobile phone
The development in market, the requirement to the texture, hardness of shell are all increasing.Currently, starting in the market using superhard materials such as stainless steels
Material is used as handset shell, but the difficulty of processing of the superhard materials such as stainless steel is very big, needs more cutters, longer time
It goes to be processed.
In hard metal workpiece process, need to carry out the specific position of workpiece aperture, conventionally employed CNC cutter into
Row aperture processing, but hard metal extreme hardness, aperture inefficiency, cost are high.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, it is necessary to provide a kind of hard metal boring methods and equipment high-efficient, at low cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, providing cathode taps and workpiece, institute this application provides a kind of hard metal boring method
It states and offers hole for water spraying in cathode taps, the cathode taps are placed in the workpiece and need above position with pores 0.1-0.3mm
Place is set, the cathode taps connect DC power cathode, and the workpiece connects DC power anode, from the hole for water spraying spray treatment
Liquid to the workpiece surface needs position with pores, generates chemical reaction, institute at the relatively described cathode taps position of the workpiece surface
State swiftly flowing treatment fluid and take away reactant, with the reaction speed of the workpiece position with pores, adjust the cathode taps or/
With the position of workpiece, the cathode taps is made to keep 0.1-0.3mm at a distance from the workpiece position with pores until the aperture
Through the workpiece.
Preferably, the hard metal workpiece is stainless steel.
Preferably, the treatment fluid include: again in mass ratio the sodium nitrate of 5-15%, 5-15% sodium chloride, be greater than
70% water.
Preferably, the treatment fluid include: again in mass ratio the sodium nitrate of 8-12%, 8-12% sodium chloride, be greater than
70% water.
Preferably, the treatment fluid includes: 10% sodium nitrate, 10% sodium chloride, greater than 70% again in mass ratio
Water.
Preferably, the treatment fluid and the workpiece position with pores generate following chemical reaction:
Mn-3e=Mn3+；
Mn-2e=Mn2+；
Cr-2e=Cr2+；
Si+2H2O-4e=SiO2(s)↓+4H+；
Fe2++ e=Fe3+；
Cr-3e=Cr3+；
Fe-2e=Fe2+；
Cr2+- e=Cr3+；
Ni-2e=Ni2+；
Fe-3e=Fe3+；
4OH-- 4e=2H2O+O2(g)↑；
Mn2++2H2O-2e=MnO2(s)↓+4H+；
2Cl-- 2e=Cl2(g)↑；
Preferably, the flow velocity degree of the treatment fluid is 10-30m/s, and the pressure of the treatment fluid is 0.5-2MPa.
Preferably, the cathode taps include conductive bodies and the insulating protective layer for being covered in the conductive bodies lateral surface,
The hole for water spraying is opened in the bottom surface in the conductive bodies and running through the conductive bodies.
Preferably, the lateral surface of the conductive bodies is equipped with the exposed portion of 0.2-0.5mm length close to bottom surface side ora terminalis,
The exposed portion is not covered by the insulating protective layer.
Preferably, the outer dimension of the cathode taps needs the aperture of aperture 0.1-0.2mm small than the workpiece.
Preferably, the reaction speed of the workpiece position with pores adjusts the position of the cathode taps or/and workpiece, packet
It includes:
Chemical reaction velocity according to the workpiece position with pores extrapolates the processing variable in the unit time, then according to
According to the relative position of cathode taps described in the processing variable adjust automatically in the unit time or/and the workpiece make the cathode taps with
The relative distance on workpiece tapping surface is stablized between 0.1-0.3mm.
Preferably, the reaction speed of the workpiece position with pores adjusts the position of the cathode taps or/and workpiece, packet
It includes:
The cathode taps be equipped with inductor, the inductor sense in real time between cathode taps and the workpiece surface away from
From, and by control system real-time control distance between the two until the aperture of workpiece runs through.
Preferably, the inductor is set on the bottom surface of the cathode taps, and the inductor directly detects the cathode taps
The distance between described aperture finished surface.
Preferably, in process, the cathode taps can be extended into the aperture of the workpiece, and the treatment fluid can be from holding
It is sprayed at hole and the gap of the cathode taps.
Preferably, the DC power supply is the high frequency switch power that frequency is 30KHz-100KHz, operating voltage 6-
12V。
In order to solve the above technical problems, the application further includes a kind of equipment using above-mentioned hard metal boring method, including
Board, the work holder on the board, the cathode taps are set to the top of the work holder.
Preferably, the board includes pedestal, upwardly extends from the pedestal support arm to be formed and from the support arm
Extension is extended to form towards work holder, the extending part is above the work holder, the cathode taps
The extension is installed on towards the work holder side, the work holder is for clamping the workpiece, institute
Stating cathode taps can move in vertical direction.
The application completes the hole opening technology of entire workpiece compared to using CNC cutter, by the way of electrochemical corrosion come
Aperture, process velocity is fast, high-efficient, at low cost it is not necessary that cutter is lost, and after processing is completed, then is aided with the finishing of CNC cutter
Reach the precision of the pure CNC processing of tradition.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitutes part of this application, this Shen
Illustrative embodiments and their description please are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is the first schematic diagram of the application hard metal boring method；
Fig. 2 is the second schematic diagram of the application hard metal boring method；
Fig. 3 is the third schematic diagram of the application hard metal boring method；
Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the application hard metal tapping equipment.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the application clearer, below in conjunction with the application specific embodiment and
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described in corresponding attached drawing.Obviously, described embodiment is only the application one
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
Three machining state figures for showing the application hard metal boring method are please referred to Fig.1 to Fig.3, hard metal is with stainless
For steel workpiece 40, include the following steps:
S1, cathode taps 30, workpiece 40 are provided, the cathode taps 30 is placed in the top that the workpiece 40 needs position of opening
At the position 0.1-0.3mm；
The shape of the cathode taps 30 is consistent with the shape of aperture is needed, the outer dimension work of the cathode taps 30
The small 0.1-0.2mm of the aperture of part 40, that is, leave the surplus of 0.1-0.2mm；The hole shape can be it is round, rectangular or other
Irregular shape；
The cathode taps 30 include conductive bodies 31 and the hole for water spraying 35 being opened in the conductive bodies 31, described to lead
Electric main body 31 includes towards the bottom surface 33 and side 34 of 40 side of workpiece, and the side surface upper part point 34 is by insulating protective layer 32
Covering, but the side 34 is equipped with the exposed portion 36 of 0.2-0.5mm length close to 33 side of bottom surface.The hole for water spraying 35
Water outlet is located on the bottom surface 33.The conductive bodies 31 of the cathode taps 50 are made of red metal material.
In one embodiment, it is equipped with inductor (not shown) in the cathode taps 30, the inductor for examining in real time
Survey the distance between the cathode taps 30 and described workpiece surface.
S2, the cathode taps 30 connect DC power cathode, and the workpiece 40 connects DC power anode；
The DC power supply is the high frequency switch power that frequency is 30KHz-100KHz, operating voltage 6-12V.
S3, position with pores is needed to the workpiece 40 from the 35 spray treatment liquid of hole for water spraying in the cathode taps 30；
The flow velocity of the treatment fluid is 10-30m/s, and the injection pressure of the treatment fluid is 0.5-2Mpa；
The treatment fluid includes: the sodium nitrate of 5-15%, the sodium chloride of 5-15%, the water greater than 70% again in mass ratio；
Preferably, the treatment fluid include: again in mass ratio the sodium nitrate of 8-12%, 8-12% sodium chloride, be greater than
70% water；
Preferably, the treatment fluid is heavy as follows in mass ratio: 10% sodium nitrate, 10% sodium chloride, greater than 70%
Water.
In this step, it is anti-to generate following chemistry for the position with pores of relatively described 30 bottom surface of cathode taps of stainless steel work-piece 40
It answers:
Mn-3e=Mn3+
Mn-2e=Mn2+
Cr-2e=Cr2+
Si+2H2O-4e=SiO2(s)↓+4H+
Fe2++ e=Fe3+
Cr-3e=Cr3+
Fe-2e=Fe2+
Cr2+- e=Cr3+
Ni-2e=Ni2+
Fe-3e=Fe3+
4OH-- 4e=2H2O+O2(g)↑
Mn2++2H2O-2e=MnO2(s)↓+4H+
2Cl-- 2e=Cl2(g)↑
Part conductor exposed because of the side of the cathode taps 30 simultaneously, i.e., the presence in exposed portion 36 are understood because of discharge effect,
The region that the workpiece generates chemical reaction can be slightly larger than the outer dimension of the cathode taps 30, i.e., the shape of the described cathode taps 30
Size can be less than the size for needing aperture, leave the surplus of 0.1-0.2mm.
The swiftly flowing treatment fluid can take away the product of the chemical reaction, keep the tapping of the workpiece continuous
" cutting " forms groove until through hole.
S4, with the removal amount of the 40 tapping electrochemical reaction of workpiece, the mobile cathode taps 30 or/and the workpiece
40 vertical direction distance, be maintained at the cathode taps 30 between 0.1-0.3mm at a distance from workpiece tapping surface；
This step is as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, is the state diagram that the aperture of the workpiece 40 is constantly deepened, can be according to change
The speed calculation for learning reaction goes out the processing variable in the unit time, when the cathode taps 30 or/and the workpiece 40 are according to unit
Interior processing variable relatively moves so that the cathode taps 30 and the relative distance on the 40 tapping surface of workpiece are stablized
Between 0.1-0.3mm；
In another embodiment, the inductor in the cathode taps 30 senses cathode taps 30 and the workpiece 40 in real time
The distance between surface, and by control system real-time control distance between the two until the aperture of workpiece runs through.The sense
Device is answered to be set on the bottom surface of the cathode taps 30, the inductor directly detects the cathode taps 30 and the aperture finished surface
The distance between, and control system is notified to be adjusted.
At this point, the cathode taps 30 can extend into the aperture of the workpiece, and the outer dimension of the aperture is because of electric discharge
Factor can be slightly larger than the outer dimension of the cathode taps 30, and the treatment fluid can spray from the gap of aperture and the cathode taps 30
Out.Change in location of the cathode taps 30 between the workpiece 40 until the inductor detect greater than at a distance from 1mm or
It is infinitely great apart from when, at this point, showing that the aperture has run through, stop processing.
S5, the aperture is finished using CNC cutter.
The application completes the hole opening technology of entire workpiece compared to using CNC cutter, by the way of electrochemical corrosion come
Aperture, process velocity is fast, high-efficient, at low cost it is not necessary that cutter is lost, and after processing is completed, then is aided with the finishing of CNC cutter
Reach the precision of the pure CNC processing of tradition.
Please refer to shown in Fig. 4, be the application hard metal tapping equipment diagram, including board 10, be set to the board 10
On work holder 20 and the cathode taps 30 above the work holder 20.
The board 10 includes pedestal 11, upwardly extends from the pedestal 11 support arm 12 to be formed and from the support
Arm 12 extends to form extension 13 towards work holder 20.The extension 13 is located on the work holder 20
Side, the cathode taps 30 are installed on the extension 13 towards 20 side of work holder.The work holder
20 for clamping the workpiece 40, and the cathode taps 30 can move in vertical direction, and the specific structure of the cathode taps 30 is such as
Aforementioned, details are not described herein again.
The operation principles of the application hard metal tapping equipment have been described in detail in process introduction part, herein no longer
It repeats.
It should also be noted that, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability
It include so that the process, method, commodity or the equipment that include a series of elements not only include those elements, but also to wrap
Include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, commodity or equipment intrinsic want
Element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including described want
There is also other identical elements in the process, method of element, commodity or equipment.
The above description is only an example of the present application, is not intended to limit this application.For those skilled in the art
For, various changes and changes are possible in this application.All any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present application are equal
Replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of hard metal boring method, which is characterized in that provide cathode taps and workpiece, offer water spray in the cathode taps
The cathode taps are placed in the workpiece and needed above position with pores at the position 0.1-0.3mm by hole, and the cathode taps connection is straight
Power cathode is flowed, the workpiece connects DC power anode, need to open from the hole for water spraying spray treatment liquid to the workpiece surface
Hole location generates chemical reaction, the swiftly flowing treatment fluid band at the relatively described cathode taps position of the workpiece surface
Reactant is walked, with the reaction speed of the workpiece position with pores, adjusts the position of the cathode taps or/and workpiece, is made described
0.1-0.3mm is kept at a distance from the workpiece position with pores for cathode taps until the aperture is through the workpiece.
2. hard metal boring method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the hard metal workpiece is stainless steel.
3. hard metal boring method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the treatment fluid includes: 5- again in mass ratio
Sodium chloride, the water greater than 70% of 15% sodium nitrate, 5-15%.
4. hard metal boring method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the treatment fluid includes: 8- again in mass ratio
Sodium chloride, the water greater than 70% of 12% sodium nitrate, 8-12%.
5. hard metal boring method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the treatment fluid includes: again in mass ratio
10% sodium nitrate, 10% sodium chloride, the water greater than 70%.
6. hard metal boring method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the treatment fluid and the workpiece position of opening
Place generates following chemical reaction:
Mn-3e=Mn3+；
Mn-2e=Mn2+；
Cr-2e=Cr2+；
Si+2H2O-4e=SiO2(s)↓+4H+；
Fe2++ e=Fe3+；
Cr-3e=Cr3+；
Fe-2e=Fe2+；
Cr2+- e=Cr3+；
Ni-2e=Ni2+；
Fe-3e=Fe3+；
4OH-- 4e=2H2O+O2(g)↑；
Mn2++2H2O-2e=MnO2(s)↓+4H+；
2Cl-- 2e=Cl2(g)↑；
7. hard metal boring method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the flow velocity degree of the treatment fluid is
10-30m/s, the pressure of the treatment fluid are 0.5-2MPa.
8. hard metal boring method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the cathode taps include conductive main
Body and the insulating protective layer for being covered in the conductive bodies lateral surface, the hole for water spraying are opened in the conductive bodies and run through
The bottom surface of the conductive bodies.
9. hard metal boring method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the lateral surface of the conductive bodies is close to bottom surface
Side ora terminalis is equipped with the exposed portion of 0.2-0.5mm length, and the exposed portion is not covered by the insulating protective layer.
10. hard metal boring method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that described in the outer dimension ratio of the cathode taps
Workpiece needs the small 0.1-0.2mm in the aperture of aperture.
11. hard metal boring method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the workpiece position with pores
Reaction speed, adjust the position of the cathode taps or/and workpiece, comprising:
Chemical reaction velocity according to the workpiece position with pores extrapolates the processing variable in the unit time, then according to single
The relative position of cathode taps or/and the workpiece described in processing variable adjust automatically in the time of position make the cathode taps with it is described
The relative distance on workpiece tapping surface is stablized between 0.1-0.3mm.
12. hard metal boring method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the workpiece position with pores
Reaction speed, adjust the position of the cathode taps or/and workpiece, comprising:
The cathode taps are equipped with inductor, and the inductor senses the distance between cathode taps and the workpiece surface in real time,
And by control system real-time control distance between the two until the aperture of workpiece runs through.
13. hard metal boring method as claimed in claim 12, which is characterized in that the inductor is set to the cathode taps
On bottom surface, the inductor directly detects the distance between the cathode taps and the aperture finished surface.
14. hard metal boring method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that in process, the cathode
Head can extend into the aperture of the workpiece, and the treatment fluid can spray from the gap of aperture and the cathode taps.
15. hard metal boring method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the DC power supply is frequency
For the high frequency switch power of 30KHz-100KHz, operating voltage 6-12V.
16. a kind of equipment using the hard metal boring method as described in claim any one of 1-6, which is characterized in that including machine
Platform, the work holder on the board, the cathode taps are set to the top of the work holder.
17. hard metal tapping equipment as claimed in claim 16, which is characterized in that the board includes pedestal, from the pedestal
It upwardly extends the support arm to be formed and extends to form extension, the extension from the support arm towards work holder
Above the work holder, the cathode taps are installed on the extension towards the work holder side,
For clamping the workpiece, the cathode taps can move the work holder in vertical direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710783744.9A CN109420811A (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Hard metal boring method and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710783744.9A CN109420811A (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Hard metal boring method and equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109420811A true CN109420811A (en) | 2019-03-05 |
Family
ID=65513002
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710783744.9A Pending CN109420811A (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Hard metal boring method and equipment |
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| CN (1) | CN109420811A (en) |
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