CN109420549B

CN109420549B - Crushing apparatus of convenient output material

Info

Publication number: CN109420549B
Application number: CN201710760532.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘长如; 钱月起
Original assignee: Heilongjiang Rubai Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Heilongjiang Rubai Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-08-30
Filing date: 2017-08-30
Publication date: 2023-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-30
Also published as: CN109420549A

Abstract

The application provides crushing equipment convenient for outputting materials. The crushing equipment comprises a shell, a crushing mechanism arranged in the shell, a driving device for driving the crushing mechanism to rotate, and a screw conveying device, wherein the crushing mechanism is used for crushing materials in the shell, the screw conveying device is used for outputting materials crushed by the crushing mechanism in the shell, the screw conveying device comprises a cylinder body and a screw rod arranged in the cylinder body, the cylinder body is connected with the shell, the axis of the screw rod is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane, and the conveying direction of the screw conveying device is obliquely upward. According to the crushing equipment provided by the application, crushed materials are output through the spiral conveying device, so that the production efficiency can be improved, the automatic production is convenient to realize, and as the axis of the screw rod is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane, part of the conveyed materials fall back in the rising process, so that the conditions of material blockage and equipment stalling in the cylinder body are avoided, and the reliability and fluency of the production process are ensured.

Description

Crushing apparatus of convenient output material

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of crushers, in particular to crushing equipment convenient for outputting materials.

Background

The straw pulverizer is an indispensable device in the straw pulverizing pulping process, and the existing straw pulverizer is generally provided with a discharge hole at the lower part of a machine, and pulverized materials stacked below the machine are taken out manually, so that on one hand, the production efficiency is influenced, and on the other hand, the materials and dust are easily caused to fly in the taking-out process, so that the production environment is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, one of the purposes of the application is to provide a crushing device which improves the production efficiency, has smooth material conveying process and is not easy to block and convenient for outputting materials.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

the crushing equipment convenient for outputting materials comprises a shell, a crushing mechanism arranged in the shell and a driving device for driving the crushing mechanism to rotate, wherein the crushing mechanism is used for crushing the materials in the shell; still include screw conveyer, screw conveyer is used for with in the casing warp the smashed material output of mechanism, screw conveyer includes the barrel and sets up the screw rod in the barrel, the barrel with the casing links to each other, the axis of screw rod sets up for the horizontal plane slope for screw conveyer's defeated material direction is the slant top.

Preferably, the angle between the axis of the screw and the horizontal is 30 ° to 50 °.

Preferably, an opening is formed in the side wall of the cylinder, and the lower portion of the shell is connected with the opening.

Preferably, the lower portion of the housing includes a constriction gradually constricting in a direction approaching the opening of the barrel.

Preferably, the constriction section is in the shape of an inverted quadrangular frustum.

Preferably, the cylinder is connected to the housing and formed as a unitary structure.

Preferably, the barrel intersects the side wall of the housing, the barrel including a first flared section extending away from the housing from a location at which the barrel intersects the side wall of the housing, the cross-sectional area of one end of the first flared section intersecting the side wall of the housing being greater than the cross-sectional area of the other end.

Preferably, the first flared section comprises an upper half cylinder section and a lower half cylinder section, the lower half cylinder section being part of a cylindrical surface, the cross section of the upper half cylinder section having a width in at least part of the area greater than the diameter of the lower half cylinder section, and/or the cross section of the upper half cylinder section having a height in at least part of the area greater than the radius of the lower half cylinder section.

Preferably, the cross section of the upper half cylinder section is rectangular, inverted trapezoid or circular arc.

Preferably, the cylinder comprises an upper half cylinder portion and a lower half cylinder portion, the lower half cylinder portion being a portion of a cylindrical surface of the same radius.

Preferably, the upper half cylinder portion is smoothly connected with the lower half cylinder portion.

Preferably, the cross section of the cylinder is U-shaped.

Preferably, the crushing device is a straw crushing device.

The crushing equipment provided by the application is provided with the spiral conveying device, crushed materials are output through the spiral conveying device, so that the production efficiency can be improved, the automatic production is convenient to realize, and in addition, as the axis of the screw rod is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane, part of the conveyed materials fall back in the rising process, the situation that the materials in the cylinder block and cause equipment stall are avoided, and the reliability and fluency of the production process are ensured.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a front view of a comminution apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 illustrates a left side view of a comminution apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the upper part of the casing of the crushing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pulverizing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 shows a front view of a comminution apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application at a feed inlet;

fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the lower part of the housing and the screw conveyor of the crushing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 illustrates a top view of a comminution apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an internal structure of a screw conveyor at a dust hood position according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 shows a left side view of a dust hood provided in an embodiment of the application.

In the figure, 1, a shell; 11. a feed inlet; 12. a volute-like structure; 13. a hood-like structure; 14. a sidewall; 15. a constriction section; 16. a second flared section; 3. a motor; 4. a crushing mechanism; 41. a main shaft; 42. a disc; 43. a shaft lever; 44. a hammer plate; 5. a screen; 6. screw thread steel; 7. a first material blocking structure; 71. a first baffle; 711. a body; 712. a bending part; 8. a second material blocking structure; 81. a second baffle; 811. an inclined section; 82. a door curtain-like structure; 91. a first dust collection pipeline; 911. a horn-like structure; 92. a second dust collection pipeline; 93. a third dust collection pipeline; 10. a belt; 20. a screw conveyor; 201. a cylinder; 2011. a first flared section; 2012. an open section; 2013. a connection section; 2014. a passage; 202. a screw; 203. a dust hood; 204. a third material blocking structure; 2041. a first dust collection baffle; 2042. and a second dust collection baffle.

Detailed Description

The present application is described below based on embodiments, and it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, it is the meaning of "including but not limited to".

As used herein, "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "vertical" and "horizontal" refer to the orientation of the comminution apparatus in a normal operating condition. The "inside" and "outside" as used herein are the inside of the crushing apparatus on the side closer to the inside of the crushing apparatus and the outside on the side farther from the inside of the crushing apparatus, with respect to the crushing apparatus itself.

Aiming at the problems that the internal materials and dust are easy to overflow from a feed inlet and seriously influence the production environment of the existing straw pulverizer, the application provides a pulverizing device, which is structurally suitable for the straw pulverizer, can be used for pulverizing particles (such as rice, corn, sorghum, wheat and the like), stalks (such as corn stalks, peanut stems and the like) and shrubs, grasses and shells, and is also suitable for other types of pulverizer with the problems. As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the crushing apparatus includes a housing 1, a crushing mechanism 4 provided in the housing 1, and a driving device for driving the crushing mechanism 4 to rotate, which may include, for example, a motor 3. The shell 1 is provided with a feed inlet 11, and materials can be fed into the shell 1 through the feed inlet 11, so that the crushing mechanism 4 can crush the materials entering the shell 1. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a preferred embodiment of the pulverizing mechanism 4 includes, for example, a main shaft 41, a plurality of disks 42 sleeved on the main shaft 41 and arranged at intervals in the axial direction, a plurality of shafts 43 penetrating the disks 42, and a hammer plate 44 sleeved on the shafts 43, the disks 42 being fixedly connected to the main shaft 41. The disc 42 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the plurality of shaft rods 43, the shaft rods 43 sequentially pass through the mounting holes on the plurality of disc 42 and form fixed connection with the disc 42, and the number of the shaft rods 43 is not limited, for example, four shaft rods 43 can be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction as shown in fig. 3. The hammer plate 44 is sleeved on the shaft 43 and forms clearance fit with the shaft 43. To ensure that the axial position of the hammer plates 44 on the shaft 43 is fixed, both sides of each hammer plate 44 are provided with, for example, bushings that fit over the shaft 43. The spindle 41 is connected to a drive shaft of the motor 3, for example by means of a belt 10, so that the motor 3 drives the spindle 41 to rotate, driving the disc 42 and the shaft 43 on the disc 42 to rotate around the spindle 41, and the hammer plate 44 is thrown by inertial force to crush the material entering the housing 1. Of course, any other suitable structural solution of the crushing mechanism 4 known in the art may be used.

As shown in fig. 3, a screen 5 is provided below the hammer plate 44, and the material meeting the crushing standard can fall to the lower portion of the housing 1 through the screen 5. Preferably, the screen 5 is provided with screw steels 6 on both circumferential sides, which screw steels 6 are arranged inside the housing 1 so as to be involved in crushing the material, for example, by assisting in grinding to break down and refine the straw or like forage fibers.

When the crushing mechanism 4 crushes materials, the hammer plate 44 which rotates to swing upwards (for example, in fig. 3, the crushing mechanism rotates clockwise, and the hammer plate 44 on the left swings upwards at the moment) can lift the materials and dust in the materials, and under the condition that the materials and the dust are easy to overflow from the feed inlet 11, the first material blocking structure 7 is arranged in the shell 1, and the first material blocking structure 7 is positioned between the feed inlet 11 and the crushing mechanism 4, so that the materials and the dust lifted by the swing of the hammer plate 44 are blocked, the materials and the dust are prevented from overflowing through the feed inlet 11, and the production environment is improved.

One side of the first material blocking structure 7 is close to the first inner side wall of the shell 1, and a certain interval distance is reserved between the other side and the second inner side wall opposite to the first inner side wall, so that a feeding space of the crushing equipment is formed, and the material and dust are reduced or even prevented from being raised on the premise of not influencing feeding. The first blocking structure 7 is arranged near the position where the hammer plate 44 can lift up the material, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the crushing mechanism 4 rotates clockwise in the drawing, and the first blocking structure 7 is arranged on the left side in the drawing.

As the preferred scheme, the main part of first fender material structure 7 sets up for the horizontal plane slope, and the main part that first fender material structure 7 is personally submitted certain contained angle with the level and is set up, and first fender material structure 7 is kept away from one side of the first inside wall of casing 1 and is less than the one side setting that is close to first inside wall, so, on the one hand can improve the effect of stopping to the material that lifts back, on the other hand makes the material that gets into in the casing 1 even fall on first fender material structure 7, also can slide along its inclined upper surface under the action of gravity, avoids the material to form in the top of first fender material structure 7 and piles up. The included angle between the main body part of the first material blocking structure 7 and the horizontal plane is not too large or too small, the blocking effect on the material to be raised is affected by the too large included angle, the material is easy to form and pile up above the first material blocking structure, and the upper surface of the first material blocking structure 7 can be an inclined surface or a smooth curved surface. Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the body portion of the first retaining structure 7 has an angle α of 35 ° to 45 °, further preferably 41 °, to the horizontal plane.

The first material blocking structure 7 may adopt any structure capable of blocking the material to be lifted, preferably a plate-like structure, and further preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the first material blocking structure 7 includes a first baffle 71, the first baffle 71 forms a main body portion of the first material blocking structure 7, one side of the first baffle 71 is adjacent to a first inner side wall of the housing 1, the other two ends adjacent to the side are connected to the remaining inner side wall of the housing 1, or the side is directly connected to the first inner side wall of the housing 1, the first baffle 71 is disposed obliquely with respect to a horizontal plane, i.e., the first baffle 71 is inclined downward in a direction from the side connected to the housing 1 to the opposite side thereof, thereby preventing the material from piling up above the first baffle 71.

Preferably, a side edge of the first baffle 71, which is far away from the first inner sidewall of the housing 1, is provided with a bending structure that bends downward (including obliquely downward, for example, a direction away from the feed inlet 11), that is, the first baffle 71 includes a body 711 and a bending part 712 at the edge of the body 711, and the setting of the bending structure can further improve the blocking effect on the back-raised material. Too long or too short a length of the bending portion 712 in the longitudinal section affects the blocking effect, preferably the bending portion 712 has a length of one fourth to one sixth, preferably one fifth, of the length of the body 711 in the longitudinal section.

Preferably, the surface of the feed inlet 11 is inclined from top to bottom to the inner side of the crushing device, for example, the surface of the feed inlet 11 is an inclined surface gradually inclined from top to bottom to the inner side, and the inclined surface from top to bottom to the inner side can further reduce the lifting of materials. The angle between the inclined surface and the vertical direction is not too large or too small, the normal feeding of the feed inlet 11 is affected by too large, and the blocking effect on the material to be raised is affected by too small, preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the angle β between the inclined surface and the vertical direction is 6 ° to 10 °, and more preferably 8 °.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the housing 1 is in a volute-shaped structure 12 at the position of the crushing mechanism 4, the axis of the main shaft 41 is preferably coincident with the axis of the volute, the inlet end of the volute-shaped structure 12 (i.e. the feeding end of the volute-shaped structure 12) is connected with a cover-shaped structure 13 which is bent laterally, the cover-shaped structure 13 is surrounded by two flat plates which are oppositely arranged and two curved plates which are oppositely arranged, so that two ports are formed, one port is connected with the inlet end of the volute-shaped structure 12, and the other port is the feeding port 11 which forms the crushing equipment. Of course, for convenience of processing, the curved plate may be replaced by a bending plate. The first baffle 71 preferably extends in the direction of the volute tongue of the volute shaped structure 12 to further enhance the retaining effect of the first retaining structure 7.

In order to further avoid the overflow of materials, a second material blocking structure 8 is further arranged at the edge of the feeding hole 11. Preferably, the second baffle structure 8 includes a second baffle 81, and the second baffle 81 may be, for example, a frame structure disposed around the feed inlet 11, or may be disposed on the left and right sides of the feed inlet 11 as shown in fig. 5, where two opposite sides of the second baffle 81 have inclined sections 811, and gradually incline from top to bottom toward each other, so that the blocking area is further increased while the smooth feeding of the feed inlet 11 is ensured, and the blocking effect on the returned material is improved. Preferably, the second blocking structure 8 further comprises a door curtain structure 82 disposed at the top of the feed inlet 11, and since the door curtain structure 82 is suspended on the feed inlet 11 and can swing freely, when feeding, the door curtain structure 82 can be continuously pushed to the inner side of the feed inlet by the material, and at this time, the door curtain structure 82 is difficult to be pushed out by the reverse force from the inner side of the feed inlet, so that the arrangement of the door curtain structure 82 does not affect the feeding and can block the material to be raised. The curtain-like structure may preferably comprise a plurality of depending plastic sheets or sheets, adjacent sheets or sheets preferably being partially overlapping.

Preferably, the crushing apparatus further comprises a dust suction device into which dust raised during the crushing of the material can be sucked, thereby further improving the production environment. The dust suction device may be disposed at any position where dust can be sucked, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the dust suction device includes a first dust suction pipe 91 disposed outside the feed inlet 11, and the first dust suction pipe 91 is disposed above the feed side of the feed inlet 11 in order to ensure the dust suction effect of the first dust suction pipe 91 without affecting the feeding of the feed inlet 11. Further preferably, the free port of the first dust suction pipe 91 has a horn-shaped structure 911, thereby increasing the dust suction area and improving the dust suction effect. Preferably, the suction device further comprises a second suction line 92 extending into the housing 1, the second suction line 92 being arranged close to the feed opening 11, preferably extending into the housing 1 from the top of the hood-like structure 13. So, through the cooperation of first fender material structure 7, second fender material structure 8 and dust extraction, prevent the excessive of material and dust, improved production environment greatly.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the crushing apparatus further includes a screw conveyor 20 for outputting the crushed material from the housing 1 through the crushing mechanism 4, for example, when the crushing apparatus is applied to a process of crushing and pulping straw, the crushed material may be conveyed into a separating screen through the screw conveyor 20 so as to realize automatic production.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the screw conveying device 20 comprises a cylinder 201 and a screw 202 arranged in the cylinder 201, the cylinder 201 is connected with the shell 1, and the axis of the screw 202 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, so that the conveying direction of the screw conveying device is inclined upwards, and therefore, part of conveyed materials fall back in the rising process, the situation that materials are blocked and equipment is stopped due to the fact that the positions, intersecting with the side walls 14 of the shell 1, in the cylinder 201 are avoided, and the reliability and fluency of the production process are ensured. The angle between the axis of the screw 202 and the horizontal is not too large or too small, which affects the conveying ability of the screw conveyor 20, and too small, which affects the anti-clogging effect, preferably the angle θ between the axis of the screw 202 and the horizontal is 30 ° to 50 °, further preferably 42 ° to 45 °.

Further preferably, the cylinder 201 is connected with the housing 1 and forms an integral structure, so that the discharging process of the cylinder 201 is performed in a closed space, material and dust overflow is avoided, and the production environment is improved. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the screw 202 of the screw conveyor 20 extends into the housing 1 from a side wall 14 of the housing 1 and extends to the lower side of the housing 1, the barrel 201 intersects with the side wall 14 of the housing 1, an opening is provided in the side wall of the barrel 201 (the opening is provided in the upper half-barrel portion of the barrel 201, which will be described later), and the lower portion of the housing 1 is connected to the opening, so that the barrel 201 and the housing 1 are formed into a unitary structure, and the crushed material at the upper portion of the housing 1 is facilitated to fall into the barrel 201 below and directly onto the initial portion of the screw 202. Preferably, the opening size in the circumferential direction of the barrel 201 occupies at least half of the circumference of the barrel 201, and the length of the opening in the axial direction of the barrel 201 includes at least 1.5 pitches of the screw.

At the location where the barrel 201 intersects the side wall 14, one side is a larger space within the housing and the other side is a smaller space within the barrel from where the space is sharply reduced, preferably, to further avoid clogging of the material at the location where the barrel 201 intersects the side wall 14, in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the barrel 201 further includes a first flared section 2011 extending away from the housing 1 from the location where the first flared section 2011 intersects the housing side wall 14, the cross-sectional area of one end of the first flared section 2011 intersecting the housing side wall 14 being greater than the cross-sectional area of the other end. For convenience of processing and ensuring the conveying capability of the screw 202, preferably, the first flaring section 2011 includes an upper half cylinder section and a lower half cylinder section, where the cross-sectional shape and size of the lower half cylinder section are consistent and located on the same cylindrical surface, i.e. the lower half cylinder section is a part of the cylindrical surface, for example, a semi-cylindrical surface, and the cross-section of the upper half cylinder section is set to have a width larger than the diameter of the lower half cylinder section in at least a partial area, and/or a height larger than the radius of the lower half cylinder section in at least a partial area, so that a certain material accommodating space can be formed between the screw and the inner wall of the upper half cylinder section to avoid the material from being blocked at the intersection position of the cylinder 201 and the sidewall 14, for example, the cross-section of the upper half cylinder section may be rectangular, inverted trapezoid or circular arc. It will be appreciated that the upper and lower barrel halves herein refer to two-half structures separated along a plane parallel to the axis of the barrel 201, the interface of the two-half structures extending along the axis of the barrel 201, and the cross section herein refers to the plane taken from a plane perpendicular to the axis of the barrel 201. Further preferably, to achieve the transitional connection between the first flared section 2011 and the other part of the barrel 201, the cross-sectional area of the upper half barrel section gradually decreases in the direction away from the housing 1, for example, the half barrel section may be a half-cone-shaped, a half-cylinder-shaped and half-cone-shaped combined structure, a quadrangular prism-shaped, etc.

Because the size of the opening of the barrel 201 is smaller than that of the shell 1, preferably, as shown in fig. 6, in order to realize the transitional connection between the lower part of the shell 1 and the barrel 201, the lower part of the shell 1 includes a contraction section 15 gradually contracting in a direction close to the opening of the barrel 201, the contraction section 15 extends downwards until being connected to the edge of the opening of the barrel 201, the contraction section 15 can be any shape capable of realizing the transitional connection between the shell 1 and the barrel 201, and the contraction section 15 is preferably in an inverted quadrangular frustum shape, i.e. the upper end surface is large, the lower end surface is small, and the material can be ensured to smoothly slide into the barrel 201 while realizing the transitional connection between the shell 1 and the barrel 201, and the processing is convenient. In alternative embodiments, the constriction 15 may also be in the shape of an inverted cone. The angle between the side wall of the shrinkage section 15 and the vertical direction is not too large, which would affect the sliding of the material, preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the angle γ between the side wall of the shrinkage section 15 and the vertical direction is 30 ° or less, and more preferably 15 °.

Preferably, to facilitate the processing of the barrel 201 and to ensure the feeding capability of the screw, the barrel 201 includes an upper half barrel portion and a lower half barrel portion, the lower half barrel portion being a part of a cylindrical surface so that the cross-sectional shape and size of the lower half barrel portion are kept uniform, for example, may be semicircular or inferior arc, the above-described structure connected to the housing 1 is achieved by changing the structure of the upper half barrel portion, and when the barrel 201 is processed, the upper half barrel portion and the lower half barrel portion may be first processed separately, and then the two half portions are welded together. Further preferably, the upper half cylinder part is smoothly connected with the lower half cylinder part, so that dead angles at the junction of the upper half cylinder part and the lower half cylinder part are avoided, and the material conveying is prevented from being influenced.

Still preferably, the screw conveyor 20 further has a dust removing function, specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, a dust removing cover 203 is provided on the cylinder 201, an open section 2012 is provided on the cylinder 201 along the axial direction, that is, the cylinder 201 has one or more sections in the axial direction, an open structure is provided on the open section 2012, the dust removing cover 203 covers the open section 2012, a third dust collecting pipeline 93 of the dust collecting device is communicated with the inside of the dust removing cover 203, and dust raised in the material conveying process is absorbed by the dust collecting device, so that on one hand, the cleanliness of the material is improved, on the other hand, the production environment is influenced by the overflow of dust can be avoided, and the dust collecting space of the dust collecting device can be enlarged due to the arrangement of the dust removing cover 203, thereby improving the dust collecting effect of the dust collecting device.

Preferably, in order to simplify the structure, the first dust collection pipeline 91, the second dust collection pipeline 92 for collecting dust at the feeding port 11 of the crushing apparatus, and the third dust collection pipeline 93 for collecting dust at the screw conveyor 20 may share an induced draft fan, the induced draft fan is connected to a main pipeline, and the main pipeline is further branched to form the first dust collection pipeline 91, the second dust collection pipeline 92, and the third dust collection pipeline 93.

Preferably, the dust hood 203 is connected to the cylinder 201 and formed as a unitary structure, e.g., the dust hood 203 is welded to the cylinder 201. In order to facilitate processing and ensure the feeding capability of the screw 202, similarly to the structure in which the barrel 201 and the housing 1 are connected, the barrel 201 is kept in only half at the position where the dust hood 203 is provided, and the bottom edge of the dust hood 203 is connected to both side edges of the lower half, and further preferably, the dust hood 203 is connected to the barrel 201 in a smooth transition.

Preferably, in order to further increase the dust suction space of the dust suction device, the width of the cross section of the dust hood 203 is gradually increased outward in the radial direction of the screw 202, and since the screw conveyor 20 in the present application is provided obliquely, and in order to facilitate the installation of the third dust suction pipe 93 and to satisfy space requirements, the top of the dust hood 203 is provided horizontally or obliquely at a small angle, so that, as shown in fig. 9, the dust hood 203 is provided with a width E gradually increased from bottom to top, specifically, two opposite side plates of the dust hood 203 are inclined away from each other from bottom to top, preferably, two side plates of the dust hood 203 include a plurality of inclined sections from bottom to top, for example, two inclined sections are included as shown in fig. 9, and the slopes of the plurality of inclined sections sequentially increase from bottom to top. As shown in fig. 7, the width E of the dust hood 203 gradually decreases in the feeding direction of the screw conveyor 20 at the same level. Through the optimization of the structure of the dust hood 203, the dust collection space of the dust collection device can be increased, and the dust hood 203 can be conveniently connected with the cylinder 201.

Preferably, in order to facilitate observation of the conditions inside the dust hood 203, the dust hood 203 is provided with an observation window structure.

When the screw conveyor 20 conveys lighter materials, the dust collector is easy to suck the materials together, in order to avoid the situation, as shown in fig. 8, a third material blocking structure 204 is further arranged in the dust hood 203, the third material blocking structure 204 can be arranged on the top or the inner wall of the side part of the dust hood 203, the third material blocking structure 204 is blocked between the inlet of the dust hood 203 and the dust collection inlet of the dust collector, and the air flow entering from the inlet of the dust hood 203 must bypass the third material blocking structure 204 to reach the dust collection inlet of the dust collector, so that the materials are difficult to bend in the air even if being blown up by the air flow, and the materials in the cylinder 201 are prevented from being sucked into the dust collector by the third material blocking structure 204.

The third material blocking structure 204 may be any structure capable of playing a role in blocking materials, preferably, the third material blocking structure 204 includes a plurality of dust collection baffles inclined towards different directions, the dust collection baffles inclined towards different directions can form a tortuous airflow channel, the airflow can change the moving direction in the channel, and materials are difficult to change the moving direction in the channel and blocked by the dust collection baffles, so that the materials are prevented from being mistakenly introduced into the dust collection device. In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the third material blocking structure 204 includes two types of dust absorbing baffles, namely a first dust absorbing baffle 2041 and a second dust absorbing baffle 2042, in the material conveying direction of the screw conveying device 20, the first dust absorbing baffle 2041 and the second dust absorbing baffle 2042 are respectively disposed at two sides of the third dust absorbing pipeline 93, the first dust absorbing baffle 2041 is disposed at an upstream side of the third dust absorbing pipeline 93, the second dust absorbing baffle 2042 is disposed at a downstream side of the third dust absorbing pipeline 93, and the first dust absorbing baffle 2041 and the second dust absorbing baffle 2042 are inclined towards a direction close to an inlet of the third dust absorbing pipeline 93, so that blocking is formed at two sides of the third dust absorbing pipeline 93, and a material blocking effect is further improved. Further preferably, in the longitudinal section of the dust hood, the first dust collection baffle 2041 and the second dust collection baffle 2042 are staggered, and the extension line of the second dust collection baffle 2042 falls on the first dust collection baffle 2041, so that the blocking effect on materials is further improved. When a plurality of third dust suction pipes 93 are provided, the plurality of third dust suction pipes 93 are preferably arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the screw conveying device, and the first dust suction baffle 2041 and the second dust suction baffle 2042 may be disposed at two sides of each third dust suction pipe 93, or the plurality of third dust suction pipes 93 may share one first dust suction baffle 2041 or share one second dust suction baffle 2042, when the baffles are shared, the shared baffles are appropriately lengthened to meet the material blocking requirement of the plurality of third dust suction pipes 93, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, two third dust suction pipes 93 are included, and the two third dust suction pipes 93 share one first dust suction baffle 2041, and the length of the first dust suction baffle 2041 is greater than that of the second dust suction baffle 2042, so that the first dust suction baffle 2041 is located at the most upstream, and when the material entering the dust hood 203 floats under the action of the air flow, most of the material can be blocked by the first dust suction baffle 2041, and thus the material can be prevented from being sucked by the two third dust suction pipes 93 from the two third dust suction pipes 93 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8. The angles of the first dust collection baffle 2041 and the second dust collection baffle 2042 relative to the horizontal plane are not too large nor too small, and too large affects the dust collection effect of the dust collection pipeline, while too small affects the blocking effect of the material, preferably, an angle δ between the first dust collection baffle 2041 and the horizontal plane is 35 ° or more and 45 ° or less, more preferably 40 °, and an angle ε between the second dust collection baffle 2042 and the horizontal plane is 35 ° or more and 45 ° or less, still more preferably 42 °.

In the process of crushing materials, the materials can stay on the screen 5 due to lighter weight, sticky moisture and the like to cause the blockage of the screen 5 and influence the normal operation of the crushing equipment, and aiming at the problem, as shown in fig. 1, a passage 2014 which is communicated with the shell 1 and the dust hood 203 is formed in the cylinder 201, and under the suction action of the dust collection device, air flow, namely wind, is formed between the shell 1 and the dust hood 203, so that the materials on the screen 5 can be separated from the screen 5 under the action of the air flow generated by the dust collection device, the materials can enter the spiral conveying device 20 in time, the production continuity is ensured, and the production efficiency is improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the dust hood 203 and the housing 1 are spaced apart from each other, and the cylinder 201 includes a connection section 2013 connecting the dust hood 203 and the housing 1, that is, the connection section 2013 connects the sidewall 14 of the housing 1 and the sidewall of the dust hood 203, and a passage communicating the housing 1 and the dust hood 203 is formed above the screw 202 in the connection section 2013. For ease of machining, the connecting section 2013 is part of the upper half cylinder portion. The cross section of the connecting section 2013 may be rectangular, inverted trapezoidal or circular arc, for example. Further preferably, the minimum distance F from the radially outer edge of the screw 202 to the top of the connecting section 2013 is 0.5 to 1.5 times the screw radius in the radial direction.

Preferably, the cross section of the barrel 201 is approximately U-shaped, so that the upper space of the screw 202 is increased, the blocking of materials is further avoided, and the combination of the third material blocking structure 204 ensures that the materials are not sucked away by the dust suction device, and the screw conveyor 20 can smoothly convey the materials.

It is easy to understand by those skilled in the art that the above preferred embodiments can be freely combined and overlapped without conflict.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The crushing equipment convenient for outputting materials is characterized by comprising a shell, a crushing mechanism arranged in the shell and a driving device for driving the crushing mechanism to rotate, wherein the crushing mechanism is used for crushing the materials in the shell; the device comprises a shell, a crushing mechanism, a screw conveying device and a control device, wherein the crushing mechanism is used for crushing materials in the shell, the screw conveying device is used for conveying the crushed materials in the shell through the crushing mechanism, the screw conveying device comprises a cylinder body and a screw rod arranged in the cylinder body, the cylinder body is connected with the shell, and the axis of the screw rod is obliquely arranged relative to a horizontal plane, so that the conveying direction of the screw conveying device is obliquely upward;

the cylinder body is connected with the shell and is formed into an integral structure; an opening is formed in the side wall of the cylinder body, and the lower part of the shell is connected with the opening; the lower part of the shell comprises a contraction section gradually contracting towards the direction close to the opening of the cylinder body, and the contraction section is in an inverted quadrangular frustum shape;

the crushing mechanism comprises a main shaft, a plurality of discs sleeved on the main shaft and arranged at intervals in the axial direction, a plurality of shaft rods penetrating through the discs and hammer plates sleeved on the shaft rods, the discs are fixedly connected with the main shaft, a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the shaft rods respectively are formed in the discs, the shaft rods sequentially penetrate through the mounting holes and are fixedly connected with the discs, the hammer plates are sleeved on the shaft rods and form clearance fit with the shaft rods, and when the crushing mechanism crushes materials, the hammer plates are thrown under the action of inertia force;

a screen is arranged below the hammer plate, materials meeting the crushing standard can fall to the lower part of the shell through the screen, and screw steels participating in crushing the materials are arranged on two circumferential sides of the screen;

the cylinder body is provided with a dust hood, a third material blocking structure is arranged in the dust hood, the third material blocking structure comprises a plurality of dust absorption baffles which incline towards different directions, and the dust absorption baffles which incline towards different directions form a tortuous airflow channel;

the inside of the dust hood is communicated with a dust collection device, a passage which is communicated with the shell and the dust hood is formed in the cylinder, and under the suction action of the dust collection device, air flow is formed between the shell and the dust hood, so that the material on the screen is separated from the screen and enters the spiral conveying device under the action of the air flow generated by the dust collection device;

the cylinder comprises a connecting section for connecting the dust hood and the shell, and the minimum distance F between the radial outer edge of the screw and the top of the connecting section is 0.5 to 1.5 times of the radius of the screw in the radial direction.

2. A crushing plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the axis of the screw and the horizontal is 30 ° to 50 °.

3. A comminution apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the barrel intersects a side wall of the housing, the barrel including a first flared section extending away from the housing from a location at which the barrel intersects the side wall, the cross-sectional area of one end of the first flared section intersecting the side wall of the housing being greater than the cross-sectional area of the other end.

4. A comminution apparatus as claimed in claim 3 in which the first flared section comprises an upper half cylinder section and a lower half cylinder section, the lower half cylinder section being part of a cylindrical surface, the upper half cylinder section having a cross-section which is wider than the diameter of the lower half cylinder section in at least part of the area and/or the upper half cylinder section having a cross-section which is higher than the radius of the lower half cylinder section in at least part of the area.

5. The comminution apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the upper semi-cylindrical section has a rectangular, inverted trapezoidal or circular arc cross-section.

6. A crushing plant according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the cylinder comprises an upper half cylinder part and a lower half cylinder part, the lower half cylinder part being part of a cylindrical surface of the same radius.

7. The comminution apparatus of claim 6, wherein the upper half cylinder portion is smoothly connected to the lower half cylinder portion.

8. A comminution apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which the barrel is U-shaped in cross section.

9. A comminution apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 in which the comminution apparatus is a straw comminution apparatus.