CN109412621B - Four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power dividing device and method - Google Patents
Four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power dividing device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power dividing device and a method, belonging to the technical field of microwave testing. The method can complete the power division/amplification/amplitude stabilization function after the internal local oscillation source signal is generated, and finally provides 4 local oscillation signals required by a vector network analyzer receiver, each output branch has an independent broadband amplitude stabilization function, the power stability, the amplitude power adjustable range and the isolation performance among local oscillation channels of the local oscillation signals are improved, and the vector network analyzer has the capability of direct receiver cascade expansion; the performance of the local oscillation circuit of the vector network analyzer is improved, the technical innovation requirements of the vector network analyzer with high stability and high precision are met to the greatest extent in a generalization mode, and the vector network analyzer has universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave testing, and particularly relates to a four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power dividing device and method.
Background
With the rapid development of information technology, the performance indexes of microwave elements, microwave device components and microwave device equipment are higher and higher, the requirements on test means are more and more refined, higher requirements are provided for the performance of a vector network analyzer serving as a microwave test core instrument, and especially higher technical requirements are provided for indexes such as test precision, stability and dynamic range of a complete machine, the function expansion capability of the complete machine and the like.
The vector network analyzer is a core testing instrument in the field of microwave and millimeter wave testing, is applied to a semiconductor chip with a small object and a large-scale equipment assembly, and has the basic function of completing the sweep frequency S parameter testing of a tested piece in a wide frequency band. As a precision test instrument, the requirement on the stability and precision of a multi-channel receiver (generally, four channels are mainly used) of the precision test instrument is very high, and the index and the stability of the multi-channel receiver are directly influenced by the local oscillation signal providing mode of the receiver. Design improvement of local oscillation channels of a multi-channel (frequency mixing) receiver is an effective means for improving the performance of a vector network analyzer receiver.
There are two methods for implementing the traditional mode of the local oscillation channel of the vector network analyzer receiver. One method is that the local vibration source signal is only amplified and then directly provided to a four-way (down-conversion) receiver of a vector network analyzer through a power dividing channel without amplitude stabilization; the other method is that the signal generated by the local vibration source is amplified, fixed and amplitude stabilized, then is divided into four paths, and is directly provided to four (or multi) paths of receivers (down converters) through 1-4 paths of power division. In short, in the conventional technology, the local oscillator signal is amplified (with a stable amplitude or an unstable amplitude) and then directly subjected to power division, and the frequency response of a power division channel has no power compensation. However, after power division, each local oscillator signal is not subjected to power compensation processing in an independent fine and amplitude-stabilizing manner.
According to the analysis of practical application, the local vibration source power distribution channel of the vector network analyzer in the traditional mode has the following defects:
1. one conventional implementation method is to amplify the local oscillator signal to a relatively large power (e.g., +27 to +30dBm), and then to divide the local oscillator signal into four paths by power and provide the four paths of amplified local oscillator signal to four mixer receivers of the whole machine. The disadvantage of using this method is that the local oscillation power amplifier of the receiver is not subjected to amplitude stabilization control, so that the stability of the final output local oscillation signal is poor, and the power is inconvenient to adjust and calibrate; secondly, the loss value of the power division circuit is large (the theoretical loss is 12dB), and excessive power is consumed;
2. the other is the traditional mode that the local oscillation source signal is amplified, fixed and amplitude-stabilized, then is power-divided into four paths, and is respectively provided to four (or multiple) receiver mixers through four power-dividing channels. Compared with the first mode, the mode of firstly stabilizing amplitude and then dividing power after amplification is adopted, the power stability of the local oscillation signal is improved, but the subsequent four-path power dividing channel comprises two stages of 1/2 power dividers, four paths of corresponding semi-rigid cables and other parts, the characteristics of insertion loss standing waves and the like are different, and the nature of the local oscillation power output at the tail end is still not completely controlled. The adjustability, the stability and the channel consistency of the local oscillator output power can only be changed depending on the hardware performance, the size of each local oscillator cannot be set independently according to the requirement of a multi-channel receiver, and the local oscillator output power is influenced by the internal environment temperature of the whole machine; in addition, the theoretical loss value of the power division circuit is large (12dB), and excessive power is consumed.
The defects of the traditional local oscillator channel can influence the power stability and accuracy of local oscillator signals of a multi-channel receiver; is not suitable for the innovative requirements of a new generation of high-precision and high-stability instrument.
3. The conventional two modes have disadvantages in terms of channel isolation: the isolation between the power division channels depends on the isolation performance of the pure power divider circuit, the isolation is poor, and radio frequency crosstalk is easily formed between receivers through local oscillation channels.
4. The technical development trend of the vector network analyzer requires that the absolute power and the frequency spectrum measurement are further realized by utilizing an internal receiver, so that a higher stability requirement is provided for a local oscillation channel signal, and therefore, the traditional local oscillation channel realization method cannot meet the new requirement of the technical development on the stability of the vector network analyzer receiver;
5. the local oscillation channel in the current method or mode is closed rather than open, and cannot meet the requirement of conveniently realizing the function of common local oscillation cascade among receivers of different vector network analyzers. Therefore, the traditional method cannot meet the requirement of the vector network analyzer receiver on the expansion test application based on the phase coherent signal system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the four-channel independent amplitude-stabilizing local oscillator power dividing device and the method, which are reasonable in design, overcome the defects in the prior art and have good effects.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power dividing device comprises a local oscillator cascade expansion unit, a primary power dividing and amplifying unit, a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B;
the local oscillator cascade expansion unit comprises a first coupler and a third amplifier, the working frequency range is 1 GHz-40 GHz, and on one hand, a local oscillator signal generated by the local oscillator source is output to a next-stage power division amplification unit through a main circuit of the first coupler; on the other hand, one path of local oscillation signal coupled out from the coupling port of the first coupler is amplified by the third amplifier and then output to the local oscillation input ports of other vector network analyzers through the cascade expansion output port to serve as cascade local oscillation input signals;
the first coupler is configured to couple out a local oscillator signal as a cascade signal through a coupling port of the first coupler and output the cascade signal to the third amplifier;
the third amplifier is configured to amplify the local oscillation signal coupled out by the first coupler, compensate the coupling loss of the signal, and realize the receiver local oscillation cascade or external output function of the multiple groups of vector network analyzers;
the first-stage power division amplifying unit comprises a first-stage power division circuit, a first amplifier and a second amplifier on a power division branch circuit; the power dividing circuit is configured to complete first power division of an input local oscillator signal, divide the input local oscillator signal into two paths through a first-stage power dividing circuit, amplify and compensate the local oscillator signal subjected to power division through a first amplifier and a second amplifier on each power dividing circuit, and output the amplified local oscillator signal to a second-stage tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and a second-stage tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B in parallel;
the structure and the function of the secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A are the same as those of the secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B, and the secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A comprises a secondary power dividing circuit, a power modulator, a broadband double amplifier group, an output end coupling detection circuit and an amplitude-stabilized control circuit; the system is configured to complete secondary power division, amplification and amplitude stabilization functions of local oscillation signals, output final local oscillation signals and provide two paths of conditioned final local oscillation signal outputs for a four-channel receiver of a vector network analyzer;
the second-stage power dividing circuit is configured to divide each local oscillator signal output by the first-stage power dividing amplifying unit into two paths again;
the power modulator is configured to perform power modulation on the signal subjected to power division by the secondary power division circuit, and perform power attenuation according to the control voltage;
the broadband double amplifier group is configured to be used for performing gain amplification on the signal subjected to power modulation by the power modulator;
the output end coupling detection circuit is configured to sample and detect the level of the output signal and output a detection signal to the amplitude stabilizing control circuit;
and the amplitude stabilizing control circuit is configured for carrying out comparison and integration processing on the detection signal and a reference signal from the data line to form an error driving signal, and driving the power modulator to change the attenuation amount so as to play a role of automatically adjusting the magnitude of the input power until the final output power reaches the required set power value requirement.
Preferably, the first-stage power dividing circuit and the second-stage power dividing circuit are both one-to-two power dividing circuits.
In addition, the invention also provides a four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power division method, which adopts the four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power division device and comprises the following steps:
step 1: the local oscillation source generates a local oscillation signal and inputs the local oscillation signal to the local oscillation cascade expansion unit;
step 2: on one hand, the local oscillation cascade expansion unit outputs a local oscillation signal generated by the local oscillation source to a next-stage power division amplification unit through a main circuit of the first coupler; on the other hand, one path of local oscillation signal coupled out from the coupling port of the first coupler is amplified by the third amplifier and then output to the local oscillation input ports of other vector network analyzers through the cascade expansion output port as input;
and step 3: the first-stage power dividing and amplifying unit divides the local oscillation signal output by the local oscillation cascading and expanding unit into two paths through a first-stage power dividing circuit, and after the local oscillation signal after power dividing is amplified and compensated through a first amplifier and a second amplifier on each power dividing circuit, the local oscillation signal is output to a second-stage tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and a second-stage tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B in parallel;
and 4, step 4: the secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and the secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B complete secondary power dividing, amplifying and amplitude-stabilized functions of local oscillation signals through a secondary power dividing circuit, a power modulator, a broadband double amplifier group, an output end coupling detection circuit and an amplitude-stabilized control circuit, and output final local oscillation signals, and the secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and the secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B provide four paths of conditioned final local oscillation signal outputs for the four-channel receiver of the vector network analyzer.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the device of the invention divides the internal local oscillation signal of the vector network analyzer into 4 paths by 1 path of power after passing through the power dividing circuit, and finally four output branches all have power amplitude stabilizing circuits, thus 4 paths of local oscillation signals with independent amplitude stabilizing capability can be provided for 4 receivers; compared with the traditional method, the automatic amplitude stabilizing capability of the output signal of each branch after power division is realized, and each branch can independently set and adjust the amplitude stabilizing power value according to the characteristics of the corresponding receiver. The defects that in the traditional method, the power accuracy is poor but independent power compensation cannot be carried out due to the fact that the output signals of each power dividing branch circuit are different in characteristics such as access circuit devices, sizes and ambient temperatures are overcome. Firstly, the stability of local oscillator output signals is greatly improved, and the power precision is improved; secondly, the four local oscillators have flexible power setting capability, and the local oscillator size can be independently set according to the specific characteristic difference of the corresponding post-stage receiver; and thirdly, each local oscillation channel can be obviously promoted to improve the consistency. This is not possible with conventional methods.
2. The device of the invention generally adopts a general framework and a mode that two-stage/three-group power division unit combination and a power division branch circuit are used for signal amplification, thereby compensating the loss caused by a power division path, and realizing wide frequency band (1 GHz-40 GHz), large output power (the upper limit of the power can be larger than 20dBm) and large local oscillation signal (the adjustable range of the power can be realized from-10 dBm to +20 dBm); compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the upper limit of the local oscillator output signal power is effectively improved, and the adjustable range of the local oscillator power is enlarged;
3. the introduction of the amplifier of the power dividing branch increases the reverse isolation performance between local oscillation power dividing channels (compared with the prior art), and greatly reduces the radio frequency crosstalk formed between receivers through the local oscillation channels;
4. the technical development trend of the vector network analyzer requires the realization of absolute power and spectrum measurement capability, and the method provided by the invention is adopted to provide local oscillation for a receiver, so that the stability of the receiver can be further improved, and the stability is stronger compared with the traditional method;
5. the cascade expansion interface of the local oscillator stage expansion unit in the device enables the whole device to have the local oscillator cascade capacity of a receiver of a plurality of groups of vector network analyzers, and the receiver unit after cascade connection has the completely synchronous phase coherence characteristic because the same local oscillator source is used after cascade connection; on the other hand, the local oscillator cascade expansion unit interface adopts a mode of amplifying and compensating after directional coupling output, so that the signal power and the input power of a cascade port are kept consistent, the power loss is compensated, the multistage cascade can be realized, the high isolation is kept between the local oscillator cascade expansion unit interface and a cascade part, and the mutual influence is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of the device of the present invention in a schematic block diagram of a vector network analyzer.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of local oscillation expansion functions of a plurality of vector network analyzer receivers provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
the invention provides a four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power division device and a method suitable for a vector network analyzer, which have the functions of completing the power division/amplification/amplitude stabilization function after the generation of an internal local oscillator source signal and finally providing 4 paths of local oscillator signals (marked as LO (local oscillator) in the text) necessary for a vector network analyzer receiver (down converter)1、LO2、LO3、LO4). Each output branch has an independent broadband amplitude stabilizing function, and can realize the end amplitude stabilization of output signals, thereby improving the power stability, the power adjustable range and the isolation performance among local oscillation channels of local oscillation signals, and enabling vector network analyzers to have the capability of direct receiver cascade expansion. The invention can effectively solve the defects of the traditional method, improve the performance of the local oscillation circuit of the vector network analyzer and meet the technical innovation requirements of the vector network analyzer with high stability and high precision to the maximum extent in a generalized mode. The method and the device have universality and can also be used in the local oscillation channel design of other types of multi-channel receivers.
The invention relates to a four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power dividing device which is structurally shown in figure 1 and comprises four large units, namely a local oscillator cascade expansion unit, a primary power dividing and amplifying unit, a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B, wherein the four large units are used for completing 1-4 paths of power dividing and amplifying of local oscillator signals of a vector network analyzer and realizing the amplitude stabilizing function of 4 paths of final output signals, and the four large units provide wide-band (1 GHz-40 GHz), full-band output power upper limit height, large power adjustable range (greater than 30dB), local oscillator signals with independent power configuration capability for each branch and tail end amplitude stabilization for four paths of receivers of the vector network analyzer. The invention provides a more stable local oscillation signal for the receiver from the angle of innovation and optimization of local oscillation channel design, thereby improving the indexes of the vector network analyzer such as receiver stability, sensitivity and channel consistency. The power division and conditioning function of the local oscillator signals in the range of 1 GHz-40 GHz can be realized, and the method has universality.
The local oscillator cascade expansion unit: the broadband directional coupler consists of a broadband directional coupling circuit and an amplifier, and the working frequency range is 1 GHz-40 GHz. The first stage of the power division amplifying unit is used for transmitting a local oscillation input signal generated by a local oscillation source to a next stage of the power division amplifying unit through a main path of the first coupler, so that the local oscillation input signal plays a role of a local oscillation signal input interface; on the other hand, a local oscillation signal is coupled out from the coupling port of the first coupler, amplified by the amplifier 3, and output through the cascade expansion port. The signal output by the port can be sent to a local oscillator input port of another vector network analyzer as input, the amplifier 3 is used for compensating the coupling loss of the signal, and the receiver local oscillator cascade or external output function of a plurality of groups of vector network analyzers can be realized;
the first-stage power division amplifying unit: the microwave amplifier consists of a first-stage power dividing circuit and two broadband microwave amplifiers 1 and 2 on a power dividing circuit. The method mainly comprises the steps of completing the first power division of an input local oscillator signal, dividing the input local oscillator signal into two paths, and respectively amplifying the power-divided signals on each power division channel by using an amplifier (an amplifier 1 and an amplifier 2);
the secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A: the amplifier consists of a secondary power dividing circuit (one-to-two), a power modulator, a broadband double amplifier group, an output end coupling detection circuit and an amplitude stabilizing control circuit. The unit mainly completes the functions of secondary power division, amplification and amplitude stabilization of local oscillation signals, outputs final local oscillation signals, and provides two paths of conditioned final local oscillation signal outputs for the four-channel receiver of the vector network analyzer: LO1 and LO 2;
the secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B: similar to the function of the two-stage terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A, the two-stage terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A provides two paths of final conditioned local oscillation signal outputs for the four-channel receiver of the vector network analyzer: LO3 and LO 4;
the main working principle of the invention is as follows:
in the local oscillator cascade expansion unit:
the local oscillation signal generated by the local oscillation signal generator is divided into two parts of signals through the main path and the coupling branch of the coupler 1 after entering from the input port. In the aspect of a main path, an input local oscillation signal mainly enters a next functional unit after passing through the main path of the directional coupler: a first-stage power division amplifying unit. The insertion loss of the main circuit of the broadband coupler is small, and the attenuation loss of the passing signals is small;
in the coupling branch, a directional coupler coupling arm couples out a signal as a cascade signal, the signal is output after being amplified by a broadband microwave amplifier 1, the signal is an output signal outside the instrument and is used for being provided for other vector network analyzers as an external local oscillator input signal, and therefore cascade connection with receivers of other vector network analyzers is achieved. Because one local vibration source is used, the real synchronization of receivers of different vector network analyzers can be realized, the multi-channel signal coherence receiving and measuring function is realized, and the multiplexing can be realized to realize the multi-channel cascade; the amplifier 3 compensates the coupling loss of the signal (by selecting a proper amplification factor of the amplifier, the power of the output port of the cascade is close to the input power after compensation, which is beneficial to multi-stage cascade without attenuation). In addition, the coupler 1 has good directivity, and the amplifier reverse isolation degree is also larger, so that the design can have good overall isolation performance, and the cascaded external part can avoid interfering the normal operation of the local machine.
In a first-stage power division amplifying unit:
after entering the unit, the local oscillation signal input by the preceding stage is firstly divided into two paths by a first-stage power dividing circuit of 1-to-2, and then is amplified and compensated by an amplifier (an amplifier 1 and an amplifier 2) of each branch circuit respectively; on the other hand, the two branches of the unit are respectively provided with the broadband amplifiers, so that the reverse isolation performance is improved.
The two paths of local oscillator signals which are successfully amplified by the unit are respectively input to the next-stage unit in parallel: a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B.
And at the secondary tail end, the amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A:
the local oscillation signal input by the preceding stage unit firstly enters a secondary power division circuit in the unit and is divided into two branches by power again; in each branch, the local oscillation signal enters a broadband double-amplifier group for high-gain amplification after passing through a power modulator, so that large output power and large power adjustment range (the voltage-controlled attenuation of the modulator is more than 30dB) can be realized, and the amplified local oscillation signal is finally output through a rear output end coupling detection circuit (LO1 and LO 2). The coupling detection circuit is composed of a coupling detection circuit and a detector circuit, and the coupling detection circuit has the advantages of small insertion loss and power loss reduction. The final output signals (LO1 and LO2) are constant amplitude local oscillator signals. The specific working process of the local oscillator signal power amplitude stabilizing function is as follows:
1) pre-power calibration: connecting a power meter at an output end, performing full-band local oscillation calibration according to local oscillation requirements of a vector network analyzer corresponding to a receiver, storing calibration data in a vector network analyzer system file as reference of power amplitude stabilization, wherein the calibration data corresponds to the amplitude stabilization requirements of signal levels of each frequency point of a local oscillation; the data line and the A/D circuit of the amplitude stabilizing control circuit provide a necessary hardware interface for the calibration of the whole local oscillation device;
2) when the whole amplitude stabilizing loop works, the detection circuit finishes the sampling and detection of the output signal level at the final output end of the signal, and the detection signal further enters the amplitude stabilizing control circuit; in the amplitude stabilizing control circuit, the detection signal and the reference signal from the data line are compared and integrated, and the formed error driving signal drives the power modulator to linearly change the attenuation amount, so as to play a role of automatically and finely adjusting the input power until the local oscillator output power reaches the required set power value requirement.
The secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B:
the structure and the working principle are the same, and the power division, amplification, amplitude stabilization and final output of the other two local oscillator signal outputs (LO3 and LO4) are finally completed.
The position of the device of the invention in the schematic block diagram of the vector network analyzer is shown in a schematic diagram 2.
Key technical point for bringing beneficial effect to the invention
1. The invention provides a four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power dividing device and method which are composed of four units, namely a local oscillator cascade expansion unit, a primary power dividing and amplifying unit, a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B, wherein the device and method generally adopt a two-stage/three-group power dividing unit combination, and each power dividing branch is independently provided with an amplifier for signal amplification, and a local oscillator channel design mode, so that 1-4 power dividing of local oscillator signals of a vector network analyzer and the local oscillator signal independent amplification function of each power dividing branch can be comprehensively completed. The invention has the advantages of greatly improving the stability of local oscillation signals, better adjusting the consistency performance among local oscillation channels, meeting the requirements of power, further inhibiting the interference among the local oscillation channels and providing the function of local oscillation cascade expansion.
2. The invention provides a local oscillator four-channel tail end independent amplitude stabilizing design technology. The two-stage tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and the two-stage tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B in the invention share four local oscillator outputs, each path is provided with an independently controllable local oscillator amplifying circuit and an amplitude-stabilized loop, and independent power setting and amplitude-stabilized functions can be realized according to the local oscillator power requirement of a down-conversion receiver corresponding to each path of the rear stage; each branch adopts a coupling detection mode at a final output port, and a detection circuit consists of a directional coupler and a detector which are arranged at a final output end, so that the advantages of small insertion loss and good directivity are achieved, the tail end amplitude stabilization of each local oscillator output end can be realized, the automatic compensation of full-channel power can be realized for each output of local oscillator signals, and the power uncertainty caused by local oscillator channel difference is eliminated; because each path realizes independent amplitude stabilization, the stability of local oscillation signals of the vector network analyzer is greatly enhanced, and the power precision and the channel consistency are improved. Therefore, the stability of the whole receiver is ensured, and the design requirement of a new generation of high-precision high-stability vector network analyzer can be met;
3. the invention provides a comprehensive design method of a channel balanced local oscillator power division amplifying circuit for a vector network analyzer. In the invention, a microwave amplifier or a double-amplifier group is arranged on a path behind each stage of power dividing circuit in a primary power dividing and amplifying unit, a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B, and the design method compensates the power loss caused by the power dividing circuit and can provide an extremely high local oscillation signal power upper limit for a vector network analyzer receiver; the framework design enables the overall circuit design of the channel to have good balance and symmetry, and is beneficial to improving the consistency of the channel;
power modulators (broadband and large attenuation) are arranged at the input ends of the secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and the secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B, so that the adjustable range with large local oscillator output power can be realized;
4. the branch placement amplifier can provide local oscillation signals with wide frequency band of 1 GHz-40 GHz and large output power for four-way receivers of the vector network analyzer, and the use of the amplifying circuit further reduces signal crosstalk of the receivers through local oscillation channels and increases the isolation performance among the channels of the receivers;
5. the local oscillator cascade expansion stage method based on the coupling amplification circuit can conveniently realize the receiver cascade capacity of a plurality of groups of vector network analyzers, and the receiver unit after cascade connection has the phase coherence characteristic because the same local oscillator signal source is used after cascade connection; on the other hand, the local oscillator cascade expansion unit interface adopts a mode of amplifying and compensating after directional coupling output, and can realize that the signal power and the input power of a cascade port are kept consistent, so that the cascade expansion capability of the multi-stage vector network analyzer receiver is greatly improved, high isolation is kept between the cascade expansion unit interface and other cascaded instruments, and mutual influence is reduced.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a device is divided to independent steady amplitude formula local oscillator merit of four channels which characterized in that: the system comprises a local oscillator cascade expansion unit, a primary power division amplification unit, a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power division/amplification unit A and a secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power division/amplification unit B;
the local oscillator cascade expansion unit comprises a first coupler and a third amplifier, the working frequency range is 1 GHz-40 GHz, and on one hand, a local oscillator signal generated by the local oscillator source is output to a next-stage power division amplification unit through a main circuit of the first coupler; on the other hand, one path of local oscillation signal coupled out from the coupling port of the first coupler is amplified by the third amplifier and then output to the local oscillation input ports of other vector network analyzers through the cascade expansion output port to serve as cascade local oscillation input signals;
the first coupler is configured to couple out a local oscillator signal as a cascade signal through a coupling port of the first coupler and output the cascade signal to the third amplifier;
the third amplifier is configured to amplify the local oscillation signal coupled out by the first coupler, compensate the coupling loss of the signal, and realize the receiver local oscillation cascade or external output function of the multiple groups of vector network analyzers;
the first-stage power division amplifying unit comprises a first-stage power division circuit, a first amplifier and a second amplifier on a power division branch circuit; the power dividing circuit is configured to complete first power division of an input local oscillator signal, divide the input local oscillator signal into two paths through a first-stage power dividing circuit, amplify and compensate the local oscillator signal subjected to power division through a first amplifier and a second amplifier on each power dividing circuit, and output the amplified local oscillator signal to a second-stage tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and a second-stage tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B in parallel;
the structure and the function of the secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A are the same as those of the secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B, and the secondary tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A comprises a secondary power dividing circuit, a power modulator, a broadband double amplifier group, an output end coupling detection circuit and an amplitude-stabilized control circuit; the system is configured to complete secondary power division, amplification and amplitude stabilization functions of local oscillation signals, output final local oscillation signals and provide two paths of conditioned final local oscillation signal outputs for a four-channel receiver of a vector network analyzer;
the second-stage power dividing circuit is configured to divide each local oscillator signal output by the first-stage power dividing amplifying unit into two paths again;
the power modulator is configured to perform power modulation on the signal subjected to power division by the secondary power division circuit, and perform power attenuation according to the control voltage;
the broadband double amplifier group is configured to be used for performing gain amplification on the signal subjected to power modulation by the power modulator;
the output end coupling detection circuit is configured to sample and detect the level of the output signal and output a detection signal to the amplitude stabilizing control circuit;
and the amplitude stabilizing control circuit is configured for carrying out comparison and integration processing on the detection signal and a reference signal from the data line to form an error driving signal, and driving the power modulator to change the attenuation amount so as to play a role of automatically adjusting the magnitude of the input power until the final output power reaches the required set power value requirement.
2. A four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power division method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the four-channel independent amplitude-stabilized local oscillator power dividing device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
step 1: the local oscillation signal generated by the local oscillation source is input to the local oscillation cascade expansion unit;
step 2: on one hand, the local oscillation cascade expansion unit outputs a local oscillation signal generated by the local oscillation source to a next-stage power division amplification unit through a main circuit of the first coupler; on the other hand, one path of local oscillation signal coupled out from the coupling port of the first coupler is amplified by the third amplifier and then output to the local oscillation input ports of other vector network analyzers through the cascade expansion output port as input;
and step 3: the first-stage power dividing and amplifying unit divides the local oscillation signal output by the local oscillation cascading and expanding unit into two paths through a first-stage power dividing circuit, and after the local oscillation signal after power dividing is amplified and compensated through a first amplifier and a second amplifier on each power dividing circuit, the local oscillation signal is output to a second-stage tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and a second-stage tail end amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B in parallel;
and 4, step 4: the secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and the secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B complete secondary power dividing, amplifying and amplitude-stabilized functions of local oscillation signals through a secondary power dividing circuit, a power modulator, a broadband double amplifier group, an output end coupling detection circuit and an amplitude-stabilized control circuit, and output final local oscillation signals, and the secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit A and the secondary terminal amplitude-stabilized power dividing/amplifying unit B provide four paths of conditioned final local oscillation signal outputs for the four-channel receiver of the vector network analyzer.
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