CN109412197A

CN109412197A - It can produce the voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization of carrier signal

Info

Publication number: CN109412197A
Application number: CN201710713289.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张永
Original assignee: FENGZHI (SHANGHAI) NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: FENGZHI (SHANGHAI) NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-08-18
Filing date: 2017-08-18
Publication date: 2019-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-18
Also published as: CN109412197B

Abstract

The present invention relates to the voltage conversion circuits for photovoltaic module power optimization that can produce carrier signal, the first inductance arranged on the voltage output path of voltage conversion circuit as switched-mode power supply is connected in series with each other the both ends that first switch and first capacitor together is connected in parallel on the first inductance.It include: driving first switch shutdown in the mode of the stage of communication discriminatory carrier signal of voltage conversion circuit transmitting carrier signal, be loaded on DC link on DC link in default of potential difference transient state and induce the pulse for being considered as carrier signal the case where, be defined as carrier signal with the first logical states；It drives first switch to connect, because being mixed with the case where potential difference transient state is loaded into the pulse for being considered as carrier signal induced on DC link on DC link, is defined as carrier signal with the second logical states.The logic state of first logical states of carrier signal and the second logical states characterization is opposite.

Description

It can produce the voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization of carrier signal

Technical field

Present invention relates generally to field of photovoltaic power generation, specifically, are related in the applied field containing photovoltaic cell Using the electric pressure converter that decompression and boosting or buck-boost type can be achieved in conjunction, can determine to turn to voltage according to the actual situation The target operation data progress of the photovoltaic module of parallel operation pairing is received and dispatched with the communication of carrier system.

Background technique

With the fast development growth of global photovoltaic power generation industry size and the hypersynchronous of internet, intelligence is had become The development trend of photovoltaic plant, intelligent power generation, efficient O&M, safety management have become industry common recognition.With information and communication neck The professional technique in domain proposes photovoltaic plant intelligence solution, makes the Internet of Things of photovoltaic energy industry, facilitate photovoltaic power generation The intelligence of system promotes the generating efficiency of photovoltaic plant, realizes intelligent O&M, and to centralization on intelligent Service Platform Or each core equipment of distributed photovoltaic power generation system carries out remote real-time monitoring and height intelligent management, the problem of core Exactly acquire the target operating parameters of photovoltaic module.The effect of the supplemental characteristic of photovoltaic module is embodied in: according to big data algorithm The failure of photovoltaic module, the substantive root of problem and defect can be analyzed in time；Best energy storage grid-connected mode is analyzed, most with profit Target is turned to greatly to realize photovoltaic energy storage and discharge electric power to the opportunity of power grid, plays electricity for the real-time connect-in strategy of power scheme The effect of net peak load shifting；Every piece of photovoltaic module operation conditions and history data are monitored in real time, according to big data early warning A little photovoltaic modulies are in the following various security risks that may be present；The component that different photovoltaic module suppliers provide is screened to generate electricity The actual performance for the component that difference component vendor in power station provides is informed in performance in historical data.

Field of photovoltaic power generation most important link other than inverter is exactly voltage conversion, and main purpose is by battery Voltage is converted into stable voltage value from the original value of easy fluctuation, and electric pressure converter is exactly the electricity for playing direct current to direct current Press one of the core circuit of conversion.It is related to the voltage of battery carrying out boost or depressurization etc., is lifted according to actual demand Or the original light conversion voltage of battery is cut down, obtained direct current expectation voltage is then subjected to inversion grid connection again.It is sent out in photovoltaic In electric system, for the operation for keeping electricity generation system safe and reliable, need to find various potential threats: for example shadow occlusion in time Caused by hot spot effect be exactly a kind of negative threat, it may allow certain batteries to be converted into loading from power supply and cause battery Plate generates heat on fire and burns, in real time the running parameters such as voltage, electric current, power and the temperature of accurate monitoring photovoltaic cell and generated energy It is link critically important in photovoltaic generating system.The running parameter monitoring of photovoltaic cell is more adopted in actual application It has used power line carrier communication as means of communication, has been easy to by power carrier using the parameter of photovoltaic cell as communication data It is transmitted to photovoltaic cell to provide on the power line of photovoltaic voltage, then carries out decoding, that is, fechtable light of carrier signal from power line The real-time parameter for lying prostrate battery, wireless communication is also the means of data transmit-receive other than carrier wave.Wireless communication is very limited in group The application site of part: largely layout is on area outside of the city even open waters face for centralized large-scale power station, distributed room The small hydropower station of top formula is laid out in architectural top, the communication size in this non-near field for the ease of receiving solar radiation, is all given The scope of application of wireless communication causes larger drawback.

It is more using power line carrier in view of the running parameter of photovoltaic cell monitors in actual application As means of communication, it is easy to the parameter of photovoltaic cell being transmitted to photovoltaic cell as communication data by power carrier and provides On the power line of photovoltaic voltage, then from power line carry out carrier signal decoding be fechtable photovoltaic cell real-time parameter. Power line is different from common tie line, and it is not the transmission for being data that original intention, which is to carry out electric energy, for number For communication, channel is unsatisfactory, is a highly unstable transmission channel, this is embodied in noise significantly and signal Decaying is serious.Unstable to overcome the problems, such as, power wire broadband carrier technology uses spread spectrum, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing etc. and modulates skill Art, and facts proved that, multi-carrier OFDM is so far to solve to transmit interference problem on power line to have efficacious prescriptions Method, broadband power line communication can effectively resist multi-path jamming using orthogonal frequency division multiplexi, remain to the signal being disturbed Reliable reception.Of this sort means are sampled to improve the reliability of signal only on the one hand, but in photovoltaic cell and carrier wave The occasion of application simultaneously, since the voltage level of photovoltaic cell itself is influenced meeting by ambient temperature, light radiation intensity Generation significantly changes, so this output characteristics of battery is added in the distortion of the carrier signal own propagation on power line The feature for being easy fluctuation mixes, the true carrier signal for causing receiving end expectation to capture not precisely, the bit error rate it is high and And the voltage of photovoltaic cell string group superposition is also caused the virtual voltage in entire string group may be not in expection by carrier-in-interference In the range of.The application considers to join using target operations such as voltage, electric current, power and the temperature of carrier signal transmission photovoltaic cell Number, establishes reasonable communication mechanism, sends supplemental characteristic from solar panel by this communication mechanism, mitigates the pressure of acquisition data Solar panel power generation is adversely affected with the communication process for avoiding data from acquiring.

Summary of the invention

In an optional non-limiting embodiment, this application discloses a kind of applications of integrated carrier wave sending function In the voltage conversion circuit of photovoltaic module, wherein each battery strings group for providing tandem voltage is connected in series with more A photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module be each equipped with the voltage conversion circuit for executing maximum power point tracking and by The voltage conversion circuit exports paired photovoltaic module and implements the output voltage after DC voltage conversion, further includes:

The first inductance arranged on the voltage output path of the voltage conversion circuit as switched-mode power supply；

It is connected in parallel on the first switch and first capacitor that are connected in series with each other together at the both ends of first inductance；

Include: in the mode of the stage of communication discriminatory carrier signal of voltage conversion circuit transmitting carrier signal

First switch in an ON state, switch control signal is filtered out from the output voltage and is driving the voltage conversion electricity The high frequency switching ripple being mixed in the output voltage during road conveys on the DC link of the output voltage because of view The case where being filtered out for the high frequency switching ripple of carrier signal is defined as the first logical states of carrier signal；

First switch is in an off state, and switch control signal is superimposed in the output voltage and is driving the voltage conversion electricity The high frequency switching ripple being mixed in the output voltage during road conveys on the DC link of the output voltage because mixed Close the second logical states for thering is the case where high frequency switching ripple for being considered as carrier signal to be defined as carrier signal.

The voltage conversion circuit applied to photovoltaic module of above-mentioned integrated carrier wave sending function, wherein any one institute It is real to state the voltage source that voltage conversion circuit generates corresponding one photovoltaic module under the driving of switch control signal Apply boost or depressurization or the DC voltage conversion of buck.

The voltage conversion circuit applied to photovoltaic module of above-mentioned integrated carrier wave sending function, wherein described in each Voltage conversion circuit includes being coupled to first, second input terminal of a photovoltaic module positive and negative anodes and including providing output voltage First, second output end, output capacitance are connected between the first, second output end；And

Also have and is coupled to the first node of the first output end and is coupled to the second node of second output terminal, first inductance It is connected between the first output end and first node or is connected between second output terminal and second node.

The voltage conversion circuit applied to photovoltaic module of above-mentioned integrated carrier wave sending function, wherein as described in multistage Voltage conversion circuit is connected in series, and the second node of any previous stage voltage conversion circuit is coupled to by the DC link The first node of neighboring later stage voltage conversion circuit；To

When the multistage voltage conversion circuit is connected in series, their own output capacitance is connected in series with each other, described in multistage Total tandem voltage that voltage conversion circuit provides is equal to the superposition value of the voltage in their own output capacitance.

The voltage conversion circuit applied to photovoltaic module of above-mentioned integrated carrier wave sending function, wherein described in each Second switch and the second capacitor are also connected in series between first and second nodes of voltage conversion circuit；

Having the first and second switches described in the stage of the second logical states in carrier signal is complementary switch, in the first switch The second switch is in an ON state to improve the fluctuating range of the high frequency switching ripple when in an off state.

The voltage conversion circuit applied to photovoltaic module of above-mentioned integrated carrier wave sending function, voltage conversion circuit packet It includes:

First, second power switch is connected between the first and second input terminals；

Third, the series connection of the 4th power switch are between the first and second output；

Both the first connected interconnecting nodes of both first and second power switch and third and fourth power switch be connected the Main inductance element is provided between two interconnecting nodes.

The voltage conversion circuit applied to photovoltaic module of above-mentioned integrated carrier wave sending function, wherein the voltage turns It changes circuit and is in the non-communicating stage for not emitting carrier signal, first switch, which is in, continues off state.

The voltage conversion circuit applied to photovoltaic module of above-mentioned integrated carrier wave sending function, wherein the switch control Switching operating frequency of the signal processed during driving the voltage conversion circuit is higher than described in the stage of communication first and opens The switches switching frequency of pass.

The voltage conversion circuit applied to photovoltaic module of above-mentioned integrated carrier wave sending function, wherein the first logical states With one of the second logical states for characterize in binary element 1 or 0 and another one is then used to characterize in binary element It is remaining another.

In an optional non-limiting embodiment, this application discloses a kind of electricity by applied to photovoltaic module The method of voltage conversion circuit generation carrier signal, wherein each battery strings group for providing tandem voltage is connected in series Have multiple photovoltaic modulies, the photovoltaic module be each equipped with the voltage conversion circuit for executing maximum power point tracking with And the output voltage after paired photovoltaic module implements DC voltage conversion is exported by the voltage conversion circuit；And

The method includes:

It is persistently turned off in the non-communicating stage driving first switch that the voltage conversion circuit does not emit carrier signal；

Switch between turning on and off in the stage of communication driving first switch of voltage conversion circuit transmitting carrier signal；

It is connected in stage of communication driving first switch, switch control signal is filtered out from the output voltage described in the driving The high frequency switching ripple for being considered as carrier signal being mixed to during voltage conversion circuit in the output voltage, described in conveying Carrier signal is defined as with the first logical states because high frequency switching ripple is filtered out on the DC link of output voltage；

It is turned off in stage of communication driving first switch, switch control signal is superimposed in the output voltage described in the driving The high frequency switching ripple for being considered as carrier signal being mixed in the output voltage during voltage conversion circuit conveys described defeated Carrier signal is defined as on the DC link of voltage because being mixed with high frequency switching ripple out with the second logical states.

Above-mentioned method, in which:

Each described voltage conversion circuit include be coupled to a photovoltaic module positive and negative anodes the first, second input terminal and including The first, second output end of output voltage is provided, output capacitance is connected between the first, second output end；And

Above-mentioned method, in which:

It is connected in series by the multistage voltage conversion circuit, the second node of any previous stage voltage conversion circuit passes through described straight Stream transmission line is coupled to the first node of neighboring later stage voltage conversion circuit；To

Above-mentioned method, in which:

Second switch and the second capacitor are also connected in series between first and second nodes of each voltage conversion circuit；

There is the stage of the second logical states in carrier signal:

The second switch is driven to be connected also to improve the fluctuating range of the high frequency switching ripple.

In an optional non-limiting embodiment, this application discloses it is a kind of can produce carrier signal for light Lie prostrate the voltage conversion circuit of component power optimization, wherein each battery strings group for providing tandem voltage is connected in series Have multiple photovoltaic modulies, the photovoltaic module be each equipped with the voltage conversion circuit for executing maximum power point tracking with And the output voltage after paired photovoltaic module implements DC voltage conversion is exported by the voltage conversion circuit, also wrap It includes:

First switch is in an off state, and the potential difference at the first capacitor both ends being electrically charged is not added to the conveying output On the DC link of voltage, it is loaded on DC link on DC link and induces in default of the potential difference transient state The case where being considered as the pulse of carrier signal is defined as carrier signal with the first logical states；

In an ON state, the potential difference at the first capacitor both ends being electrically charged directly is added to the conveying output to first switch On the DC link of voltage, induced on DC link on DC link because being mixed with the potential difference transient state and being loaded into The case where being considered as the pulse of carrier signal is defined as carrier signal with the second logical states.

The above-mentioned voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization that can produce carrier signal, in which:

First inductance is connected between the first output end and first node；

The first end of the first capacitor is coupled to a reference voltage source；

The second end of the first capacitor is coupled to first output end；

The first switch is connected between the first end of the first capacitor and the first node.

First inductance is connected between second output terminal and second node；

The second end of the first capacitor is coupled to the second node；

The first switch is connected between the first end of the first capacitor and the second output terminal.

The first end of the first capacitor is coupled to the reference voltage source by a second switch；

The first capacitor after first switch in an ON state lower electric discharge, by second switch be switched on state and to institute It states first capacitor charging and the second switch is switched to off state after charging.

Voltage conversion circuit includes:

The voltage conversion circuit is in the non-communicating stage for not emitting carrier signal, and first switch, which is in, continues off state.

One of first and second logical states be used for characterize in binary element 1 or 0 and another one be then used to characterize two into In symbol processed it is remaining another.

In an optional non-limiting embodiment, this application discloses one kind pass through for photovoltaic module power it is excellent The method that the voltage conversion circuit of change generates carrier signal, wherein each battery strings group for providing tandem voltage is gone here and there Connection is connected with multiple photovoltaic modulies, and photovoltaic module is each equipped with the voltage conversion circuit for executing maximum power point tracking And the output voltage after paired photovoltaic module implements DC voltage conversion is exported by the voltage conversion circuit；And

The method includes:

It is turned off in stage of communication driving first switch, the potential difference at the first capacitor both ends being electrically charged is not added to defeated On the DC link for sending the output voltage, DC link is loaded into default of the potential difference transient state on DC link The case where pulse for being considered as carrier signal above induced, is defined as carrier signal with the first logical states；

It is connected in stage of communication driving first switch, the potential difference at the first capacitor both ends being electrically charged directly is added to defeated On the DC link for sending the output voltage, DC link is loaded into because being mixed with the potential difference transient state on DC link On induced the pulse for being considered as carrier signal the case where, be defined as carrier signal with the second logical states.

Above-mentioned method, in which:

First inductance is connected between the first output end and first node；

The second end of the first capacitor is coupled to first output end；

Above-mentioned method, in which:

First inductance is connected between second output terminal and second node；

The second end of the first capacitor is coupled to the second node；

Above-mentioned method, in which:

After stage of communication driving first switch is switched on from shutdown the first capacitor to be caused to be discharged, second is also driven to open Pass is connected and charges to the first capacitor and drive the second switch to be turned off again after charging.

The core ideas of the application is to make full use of the characteristic of switching type power supply itself, by voltage changer in switch motion The high frequency ripple of naturally occurring, will be stable on main inductance element intrinsic in voltage changer as communication carrier in the process Switching harmonics signal is coupled on the output end to DC bus of circuit, and core ideas is not by specific voltage conversion topologies form BOOST and BUCK-BOOST are applicable for example other than typical BUCK for limitation, because these topologys all be unable to do without energy storage electricity Sense, and be coupled on energy storage inductor when switching harmonics major part, so that the application need not can additionally increase communication mould Under the premise of block and carrier circuit, stable high frequency ripple is sent to dc bus by way of coupling, to realize power The multiplexing of transmission of signal makes the target component of battery execute the communication of data by carrier wave.

Detailed description of the invention

To keep above-mentioned purpose and feature and advantage more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiment is done with reference to the accompanying drawing Detailed explaination, read it is described further below and referring to the following drawings after, feature and advantage of the invention will be evident.

Fig. 1 is that photovoltaic module is first connected into battery strings then by battery in series and parallel to the schematic diagram of inverter power supply.

Fig. 2 is the example schematic that multiple photovoltaic modulies are connected in series with each other in the same battery strings group.

Fig. 3 is the corresponding example schematic that power optimization is carried out by a voltage conversion circuit of a photovoltaic module.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the carrier module of the demand configuration of data of the voltage conversion circuit based on sending assembly.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram for the carrier module that voltage conversion circuit is used using intrinsic high frequency switching ripple.

Fig. 6 is to be considered as the switching harmonics of carrier wave to be filtered out the schematic diagram of the logic state embodied in partial period.

Fig. 7 is the amplitude of voltage conversion circuit enhancing high frequency switching ripple and the schematic diagram of carrier module that uses.

Fig. 8 is to be considered as the high frequency switching ripple of carrier signal the substantially waveform diagram of oscillator intensity can be improved.

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram for the carrier module that voltage conversion circuit is used using independent additional capacitance voltage.

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram for the improvement carrier module that voltage conversion circuit is used using additional capacitance voltage.

Figure 11 is that the pulse as caused by capacitance voltage is considered as carrier wave and the schematic diagram of logic state that embodies.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with each embodiment, clear and complete elaboration is carried out to the solution of the present invention, described embodiment is only It is the present invention with the embodiment used in illustrating is described herein and not all embodiment, based on the embodiments such as this, the technology of this field Scheme obtained belongs to protection scope of the present invention to personnel without making creative work.

In switch power supply system, power supply is usually to use power semiconductor as switch element, passes through periodicity On-off switch, the duty ratio of control switch element adjust output voltage.Switching Power Supply mainly by input circuit, translation circuit with And the composition such as output circuit and control unit.Power conversion is its core, is mainly made of switching circuit, and certain occasions are also It has been applied to transformer.In order to meet high power density requirement, converter needs work in high frequency state, and switching transistor will adopt With the crystal arm that switching speed is high, the turn-on and turn-off time is short, typical power switch has power scr, power field effect brilliant Body pipe and insulated type bipolar junction transistor etc. are a variety of.It is mixed that control mode is divided into pulse width modulation, pulsewidth modulation and frequency modulation(PFM) It is a variety of to close modulation, pulse frequency modulated etc., commonly uses pulse width modulation mode.Switched-mode power supply SMPS is according to outputting and inputting voltage The difference of form is divided into AC to AC (AC/AC) converter such as frequency converter, transformer；It is also divided into AC-to DC (AC/DC) Converter such as rectifier；And it is divided into direct current to exchange (DC/AC) converter such as inverter etc.；Be divided into DC to DC (DC/DC) converter such as voltage changer, power pack.The switched-mode power supply being applied in the application is mainly direct current To the electric pressure converter of direct current.The switching noise generated caused by switch operation when Operation switch mode power can make Electromagnetic interference is generated in the electronic equipment for including switched-mode power supply.Switching noise is indicated due to configuration switched-mode power supply The switching operating frequency of power switch and the noise component(s) occurred and certain harmonic components.When electromagnetic interference occurs, including The operation of the periphery electronic device of the electric device of switched-mode power supply is interfered.It is usual for inhibiting electromagnetic interference to occur Method is to change the method for modulation switch operating frequency.But warbled method can be generated and be modulated according to switching operating frequency Output voltage ripple, which is added on the output voltage ripple component as caused by the ripple of input voltage, To generate bigger output voltage ripple.

In switch power supply system, the application makes full use of the voltage changer for being considered as the DC to DC of power optimization device The characteristic of this Switching Power Supply itself, voltage conversion circuit is naturally occurring intrinsic during the switch motion of power switch High frequency switching ripple is as communication carrier, by the way that inductive/capacitive element is added in voltage conversion circuit, by voltage conversion circuit In intrinsic not eliminable stable high frequency switching ripple signal be coupled to the input terminal or output end of circuit, be further transferred to For providing the public direct-current transmission line of total tandem voltage.It goes to adopt by various high frequency ripple sample circuits on total transmission line The ripple signal collected on total transmission line whether there is, so that it may screen the logic state of carrier signal.The application is based on coupling It can be under the premise of influencing the normal work of electric pressure converter on high frequency ripple signal to transmission line, it will be naturally occurring Switching harmonics are without additional Injection Signal without increasing additional communication line and signal modulation equipment as communication carrier Data communication can be achieved, reduce the volume, power consumption and cost of system, improve the intelligent level of communication.

Power optimization device is the buck-boost type voltage changer and a unimodule rank of a DC to DC Battery maximum power tracing power equipment.After power optimization device carries out maximum power optimization to unimodule, it is transferred to terminal inversion After device carries out direct current to the processing of alternating current, the local online that uses or generate electricity is supplied.Terminal inverter usually can be no maximum The pure contravariant equipment of powerinjected method or contravariant equipment equipped with second level maximum power tracing.The power optimization device of mainstream is broadly divided into Series FPB and parallel FPB, topology are also slightly distinguished, for example BUCK or BOOST or BUCK-BOOST circuit.

The power optimization device of tandem type using fixed voltage design concept.In simple terms, inverter control plate root The voltage that a stable DC bus is determined according to exchange end voltage summarizes the maximum power that each concatenated optimizer is collected, into And calculate bus current and by wirelessly or electrically power carrier-wave transmission to optimizer.The voltage etc. of each optimizer output end at this time In collected component maximum power power divided by bus current.After when component is blocked the case where, the optimizer meeting Redefine peak power output value according to volt-ampere curve, by by wirelessly or electrically power carrier-wave transmission to inverter control plate.? Under the premise of maintaining DC bus-bar voltage constant, control panel recalculates bus current (becoming smaller) and feeds back to each optimizer.This When the power of component that is blocked reduce, which can also be depressured to confirm that output electric current is up to standard.Other groups not being blocked The optimizer of part, which can then boost, carrys out output electric current up to standard.If component is blocked excessively serious, power optimization device will be bypassed Fall the component of the serious shielding until its be restored to can working condition, this adjusting is the process that a voltage is supplied in fact, from And the DC terminal busbar voltage for being supplied to the most stable of inverter and optimizing.

The power optimization device of parallel connection type is equally using fixed voltage mode.Inverter is according to direct current and alternating current Close ring determines busbar voltage, and each optimizer boosts to respective output end voltage specified numerical value, input at this time inverse Become the summation that the electric current of device is equivalent to maximum power that each optimizer is collected into divided by electric current after specified voltage.Due to spissatus The voltage influence of layer blocked for component is little, and the main electric current for influencing output, parallel optimizer is substantially not in frequency Numerous voltage mispairing is adjusted, and due to being parallel relationship, the electric current of output will not affect one another again, so this can be regarded really Make advantage of the parallel optimizer compared to tandem.If individual elements can not be started boosting and be set by serious block simultaneously Standby, optimizer disconnects automatically and sends error signal, and restarts until occlusion issue removes.However compared to string Connection topology, topology in parallel similarly have the defects that as Miniature inverter that boosting span is larger.Relatively more universal at present Component open-circuit voltage is about 38 volts, and operating voltage is about 30 volts, and voltage raising and reducing range is all control to series topology under normal circumstances System is between 10%-30%, and in undertension, variation range is promoted between 10%-90%.However it is in parallel topological and miniature inverse Become device to require a component input voltage and boost to quite high numerical value, about 400V or so, it is clear that this be equivalent to 10 times with On promotion amplitude.This for not use transformer occasion, but only by switch control booster apparatus be one ratio The more challenging duty cycle.

One maximum topological feature of power optimization device is exactly that component and inverter functionality are separated, this is different from tradition Photovoltaic system.It seems component and inverter is accessed by optimizer, in fact component is used only to starts optimization device, and optimizer It is cooperated after the maximum power of collection assembly and gives inverter function.Because the technology of fixed voltage not only solves photovoltaic hair The problem of partial occlusion of electric system, for the system of multiple groups string, each group string component count does not need equal or even a string same yet Each component in group is the same towards also not needing.For tandem type optimizer, the open-circuit voltage after open circuit is only as 1V Small voltage, for parallel connection type optimizer, open-circuit voltage after the open circuit at most namely open-circuit voltage of component, so for hair The security performance and reliability of electric system are also the progress of a great-leap-forward.

In addition to circuit topology is in the advantage of structure, power optimization device also has elder generation on maximum power point tracking algorithm It advantage.The tracing algorithm of traditional maximum power point is substantially based on two kinds: climbing method and logic method of determining and calculating.Advanced point Back tracking method these also use combined techniques: such as climbing method binding constant area method cooperates the full scan method of Fixed Time Interval To find maximum power point；Also have in conjunction with slope polarity method and conductance increment method, cooperation detects paces control methods to find maximum Power points.For these algorithms under ideal test condition, accuracy rate can reach 99% or more, and current maximum challenge in fact is More wave crests and illumination increase situation suddenly.More wave crests mean to go out in the power-current or power vs. voltage curve figure of an array Multiple power peaks are showed.The reason of it is formed is varied, one of them is because members are because block and forward bias Turn bypass diode, causes the battery of one third to be bypassed and the operating voltage of string group is caused to reduce, and then array occur Voltage mispairing and there are more wave crest situations.Or it because blocks and bypass diode is still in the inactive shape of reverse deflection State, and current mismatch occur in same group of string caused by more wave crest situations.More wave crests and illumination increase suddenly for many maximums Power points algorithm has tremendous influence, since its is uncontrollable and variability, can obscure judgement of the tracker for detection direction It and which peak value to be the judgement of maximum power point for.The basic reason of this problem in fact, the component exactly accessed are too many ?.Just think and only connect a component if each optimizer, each component only has two to three bypass diodes, and inter-module It is independent of each other, the analysis of maximum power point and tracking difficulty can be greatly reduced in this, simultaneously for the logic of controller Editor is also very succinct and accurate.Because only one 38 volts and 8.9 peace IV curve graph, the maximum power of optimizer Point tracking does not need to track maximum power point with traditional algorithm, it is current it is general there are two types of, be point of contact back tracking method first, The method that resistance control methods and voltage control method followed by equipped with second level tracking combine.It is based on this advantage, just may be used To allow optimizer to there is 30% or so production capacity to be promoted compared to traditional inverter.In addition different from the limited of Miniature inverter AC power, power optimization device can transmit the power being collected into inverter completely.

Power optimization device is not only compatible with all crystal silicon battery plates, can also be matched in the hull cell system of part, Industry is also making great efforts that optimizer is allowed to possess broader compatibility range.However most of Miniature inverter can not be compatible with or oneself Body functional grounding causes it that can not match with the component of a part of mainstream currently on the market.Meanwhile the input of power optimization device Voltage range about between 5 volts to 50 volts, this assures even component in the case where serious cover, optimization circuit according to Starting state can so be kept and worked on.Power optimization device can be matched with third party's inverter, pass through additional control Box carries out the communication with third party's inverter and the regulation to system.Power optimization device or voltage conversion circuit are substantially straight The converter for flowing to direct current, such as BUCK, BOOST and BUCK-BOOST circuit.It must be, it is emphasized that being directed to photovoltaic electric in the prior art Any scheme of the maximum power tracing in pond is equally applicable to the voltage conversion circuit of the application, common maximum power tracing method There are constant voltage process, conductance increment method, perturbation observation method etc., how the application no longer executes maximum power to voltage conversion circuit The scheme of tracking MPPT is repeated.

In field of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic cell PV are one of the core component to generate electricity, solar panel It is divided into single crystal silicon solar cell, polycrystalline silicon solar cell, non-crystal silicon solar cell etc., large-scale collection in the direction of mainstream technology The substantial amounts for the battery component that Chinese style photovoltaic plant uses, the battery component that small-sized distributed residents small hydropower station uses Quantity it is relatively fewer.Since silion cell is generally up in the service life that this field requires more than 20 years service life, so right The chronicity and durability monitoring of solar panel are essential.Many inside and outside factors can all lead to the hair of photovoltaic module Electrical efficiency reduces, such as the manufacturing variation or installation difference or shadow occlusion or maximum power tracing adaptation between photovoltaic module itself Etc. factors can all cause inefficiency.By taking typical shadow occlusion as an example, such as fruit part photovoltaic module by cloud or building or After the similar situations such as the shadow of the trees or dirt are blocked, this members will be become to load and no longer produce electricl energy, photovoltaic group by power supply Part may be higher in the serious local local temperature of generation hot spot effect, and some is even more than 150 DEG C, leads to component regional area The permanent damages such as blackening, solder joint thawing, encapsulating material aging, glass rupture, corrosion are burnt or are formed, to the length of photovoltaic module Phase safety and reliability causes hidden danger greatly.Photovoltaic plant/system urgent problem to be solved is exactly: can see in real time Examine the working condition of each piece of mounted photovoltaic battery panel, can excess temperature to battery, over-voltage, overcurrent and output end be shorted etc. Abnormal conditions carry out early warning, and it is ten that this, which takes similar to active safety shutdown or other emergency measures the battery being abnormal, Divide significant.Either centralized photovoltaic plant or distributed small hydropower station, based on the work for photovoltaic module acquisition There are the component of potential problems is very necessary for judging and identifying those for supplemental characteristic.

In field of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic cell need first to be connected into battery strings group, and battery strings group is again simultaneously Join to power equipment such as header box or inverter power supply, be related to the installation of component or battery, this needs absolute safety.Such as Excess temperature or the similar abnormal conditions such as over-voltage or overcurrent occur for fruit photovoltaic module, undoubtedly we need actively to go triggering shutdown these The movement of abnormal photovoltaic module, our needs when abnormal photovoltaic module exits abnormality and is restored to normal condition These photovoltaic modulies are accessed again, this also needs absolute safety.And some occasions need detection components generated energy or It is monitoring output power situation that person, which says, this is the foundation of determination component quality, for example, if the lower power production of component is apparent It is then likely to be also that power generation anomalous event has occurred, be blocked by birds droppings, dust, building, the shadow of the trees, cloud etc., this needs us It removes cleaning battery or changes the measures such as installation position.It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that single crystal silicon solar cell, the polysilicon sun Battery, non-crystal silicon solar cell etc. are all the materials for belonging to characteristic and being easy to happen decaying, and the attenuation degree of monitor component is must It wants, this is of crucial importance for the quality for judging battery.Problem is: we in huge assembly array it is not apparent how screen It is normal component that those components, which are abnormal component those components, and ensuing disclosure can solve the problems, such as this.Many times we are installing Stage will directly judge the bad battery or component of those quality, and never allow to there are problems that quality flaw battery simultaneously It assembles/is installed in photovoltaic battery array, otherwise enter photovoltaic battery array containing defective in quality battery and result in entirely Array generator inefficiency, worse is that the abnormal voltage value of a certain piece or a few pieces problem battery or current value may cause Entire battery strings group is all damaged together, causes biggish loss.

Referring to Fig. 1, it is with the directly concatenated difference of traditional photovoltaic module: is that any photovoltaic module is equipped with first Power optimization device, power optimization device complete battery and inverter between voltage matches and electrical isolation, then again by inverter The inversion for completing direct current to alternating current is converted and gives terminal load supplying.It is similar with conventional scheme, photovoltaic generating system tool There are concatenated multiple photovoltaic module PV1, PV2 ... PVN, they, which are concatenated, constitutes battery pack string, and battery strings group is connected in series by N grades Photovoltaic module PV1 to PVN concatenate constitute.Photovoltaic module or photovoltaic cell PV, which are each equipped with, executes maximum power tracing MPPT The photovoltaic voltage that generates of power optimization circuit PO: first photovoltaic module PV1 in such as battery strings group by first power Optimization circuit PO1 carries out the voltage conversion of DC to DC to execute power optimization, the photovoltaic that second photovoltaic module PV2 is generated Voltage carries out voltage conversion by second power optimization circuit PO2, until the photovoltaic voltage that generates of N grades of photovoltaic module PVN by N grades of power optimization circuit PON carries out voltage and converts to execute power optimization function.Substantially, with every piece of photovoltaic cell PV The voltage of corresponding power optimization circuit PO output can just characterize photovoltaic cell PV and provide the reality in photovoltaic cell string group Border voltage.It sets and is serially connected with first order photovoltaic module PV1, second level photovoltaic module in any a string of photovoltaic cell string group The photovoltaic module PVN of PV2 ... to N grades: first order power optimization circuit PO1 by the photovoltaic voltage of first order photovoltaic cell PV1 Source executes maximum power tracing and carries out voltage conversion and export V₁, second level power optimization circuit PO2 output V₂, N grades of function Rate optimizes circuit PON and the voltage of N grade of photovoltaic cell PVN execution maximum power tracing is carried out to DC voltage conversion and defeated V out_N。

Referring to Fig. 1, it can be calculated that tandem voltage total in any one string photovoltaic cell string group is roughly equal to: the first order The voltage V of power optimization circuit PO1 output₁In addition the voltage V of second level power optimization circuit PO2 output₂Again plus third level power Optimize the voltage V of circuit PO3 output₃... until being added to the DC voltage V that N grades of power optimization circuit PON is exported_N, The operation result of tandem voltage is equal to V₁+ V₂+……V_N.Power optimization circuit/optimizer or voltage conversion circuit PO are upper The topology hereinafter referred to is substantially the DC/DC converter of DC to DC, typical buck converter BUCK, boosting change Parallel operation BOOST, buck-boost converter BUCK-BOOST etc. are suitable for power optimization circuit.It must be stressed that the prior art Any scheme of the maximum power tracing for photovoltaic cell disclosed can equally be well applied to the voltage conversion circuit of the application, often The maximum power tracing method seen has constant voltage process, conductance increment method, perturbation observation method etc., and the application no longer individually turns voltage The scheme for changing circuit execution maximum power tracing is repeated.Power optimization circuit corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell is noted above The voltage of output just characterizes the photovoltaic cell and provides the virtual voltage in photovoltaic cell string group: first order power optimization circuit PO1, power optimization circuit PON of power optimization circuit PO2 to N grades of the second level etc. are connected by concatenation transmission line LAN, should N is natural number, is conveyed to the electric power such as header box/inverter by DC bus again by the tandem voltage of optimizer superposition on transmission line Equipment INVT carries out/inversion of converging.The bus electricity of pressure stabilizing is also in series between positive and negative anodes as the transmission line LAN of DC bus Hold CD.

Referring to fig. 2, in order to realize these scheduled targets, the subsequent power for being integrated with communication function being related to of the application is excellent All running parameters of photovoltaic cell can all be reflected with power carrier onto power line that it is photovoltaic plant pair by change system Battery executes fault alarm, fault fast positioning etc. provides suitable solution, suitable for the grid-connected of different scales or from The photovoltaic generating system of net type.Especially it can find that many batteries are abnormal in the working stage of battery, to avoid fail battery Long-term existence improves one of the measure that cell safety grade is also the application among photovoltaic battery array, in working stage.It carries Wave sending module CSG and processor 200 are used cooperatively, and processor 200 is using the acquisition module not illustrated in figure by photovoltaic electric The a series of assigned work parameter such as voltage, electric current, power, temperature and the generated energy of pond PV is acquired, and pays attention to acquiring these The acquisition module of running parameter belongs to the prior art, and target operating parameters also can also include being detected by environment monitor Photovoltaic module locating for surrounding enviroment factor: environment temperature, humidity, wind speed, illumination and air pressure, voltage acquisition module and electric current The acquisition module of acquisition module and the parameters such as power collection module and temperature collecting module and generated energy acquisition module belongs to The prior art, any scheme for acquiring battery these running parameters are suitable for the application, and the application is no longer individually to existing Current or voltage and the specific acquisition module of temperature etc. individually illustrate.

Referring to fig. 2, in an alternate embodiment of the invention: the first input end of first order voltage conversion circuit PO1 is connected to pairing The anode of photovoltaic cell PV1 and the second input terminal of first order voltage conversion circuit PO1 are connected to the negative electrode of photovoltaic cell PV1 Place, voltage conversion circuit PO1 oneself the first output end or first node N1 and second output terminal or second node N2 it Between export burning voltage, i.e. first order voltage conversion circuit PO1 captures photovoltaic electric between first input end and the second input terminal Pond PV1 carries out power optimization by the voltage source that photovoltaic effect generates and provides output voltage.In the optional reality of the application introduction It applies in example, the branch of so-called carrier wave sending module CSG is connected directly between first node N1 and second node N2.Do not having In the embodiment illustrated, if other kinds of carrier wave sending module uses the carrier wave transmitting line with coupling transformer, Then the carrier wave sending module of other coupling transformer types is then not necessarily to be connected between first node and second node, as long as instead The secondary windings of coupling transformer is connected between series connection wire LAN and the first output end of voltage conversion circuit, or even To between series connection wire and the second output terminal of voltage conversion circuit, then inputted from the armature winding of coupling transformer Carrier signal equally can be coupled or be injected on bus from first node or second node by carrier pulse.Reality above The mode of applying is exactly that carrier wave sending module CSG is directly connected to the first node N1 and second node N2 according to the scheme of Fig. 2 Between, so that directly carrier signal is infused at first node and at second node simultaneously.It is that station is sending carrier wave letter above From the perspective of number, stands from the perspective of receiving carrier signal and to be then connected to first node and/or the second section at those Can use the current carrier wave decoder module for arbitrarily belonging to known technology on the connecting line LAN of point can be realized as believing carrier wave Number decoding/decoding.Processor 200 matched with photovoltaic cell by the data of photovoltaic cell PV, (join by the target operation of such as battery Number data) be transferred to connecting line LAN on by various any type of carrier wave sending modules after, the utilizations of other electronic equipments solve Code device DECODER can decode carrier wave on connecting line LAN.As the side for sensing and decoding carrier signal, decoder DECODER is usually to have capturing carrier sensor module and bandpass filter module and with the place for being similar to MCU/DSP etc. Unit etc. is managed, power line passes through capturing carrier sensor module (such as using Roche air core coil sensor) whereby by sensor Module detects the carrier signal on transmission line, in order to accurately capture true carrier data and shielding noise, bandpass filtering Device module again further filters the carrier signal that sensor module senses, and filters out not in designated frequency range Clutter, only carrier signal Carrier Signal can just indicate expected true those of in designated frequency range on the contrary Real carrier signal, processing unit receive true carrier signal and decode its carrier data.Therefore the effect of carrier wave sending module CSG It is to propagate power carrier signal in series connection wire, this carrier signal can be according to currently assigned various communication protocols It is converted into the interaction that binary element carries out data information, is held again as long as decoding device detects the power carrier on connecting line Row decoding, can learn data entrained by the carrier signal transmitted by carrier wave sending module CSG on power line or instruction Meaning.Notice that carrier format used by target operation data broadcasting/send out is only by processor 200 in this application Example, the optinal plan as industry are also an option that wireless module WIFI or GPS or-infrared-bluetooth (Blue-Tooth) etc. Wireless forms of communication is also able to achieve identical function.The data collection terminal of acquisition battery data is integrated with decoder DECODER.

Referring to fig. 2, in practical applications, the photovoltaic cell or photovoltaic module of many quantity are connected in series to constitute expection Battery pack string, it is assumed that N grades of photovoltaic cell PV1, PV2 ... PVN series connection in total, which usually takes the natural number greater than 1, electricity The tandem voltage of pond group string is roughly equal to: the voltage V of first order photovoltaic cell PV1 output₁In addition second level photovoltaic cell PV2 is defeated Voltage V out₂Along with the voltage ... of third level photovoltaic cell PV3 output is until be added to N grades of photovoltaic cell PVN output Voltage V_N, it is equal to V₁+ V₂+……V_N.The tandem voltage of battery pack string is just sent to the power equipments such as header box or inverter ESY.N grades of photovoltaic cell PV1, PV2 ... PVN series connection in total, generated energy tails off or voltage some of them photovoltaic module without reason It is lower or component own temperature flies up excessively high etc., belong to electricity caused by power generation anomalous event, especially shadow occlusion Pond hot spot effect is exactly a kind of negative threat, it may allow certain batteries to be converted into load from power supply and solar panel is caused to be sent out Heat is burnt on fire.

Referring to fig. 2, every piece of photovoltaic module or photovoltaic cell, which are respectively each equipped with, executes boost or depressurization or buck Voltage conversion circuit: the photovoltaic voltage that for example first photovoltaic module PV1 in a battery strings group is generated is by first voltage Conversion circuit PO1 carries out the conversion of DC/DC voltage to execute voltage up-down, the photovoltaic voltage that second photovoltaic module PV2 is generated by Second voltage conversion circuit PO2 carry out voltage conversion ... ... until N grade of photovoltaic module PON generation photovoltaic voltage by N step voltage conversion circuit PON carries out voltage conversion to execute voltage up-down function.It is in fact corresponding with every piece of photovoltaic cell PV The voltage of voltage conversion circuit PO output can just characterize photovoltaic cell PV and provide the virtual voltage in photovoltaic cell string group. Voltage conversion circuit PO or voltage changer are substantially the electric pressure converter topologys of DC to DC.Processing described above Data of the device 200 in addition to acquiring photovoltaic module, go back output switch control signal for driving voltage converter: in electric pressure converter Power switch turns on and off switch control signal or the modulated signal that state is substantially exported by microprocessor 200 to control System, such as logical device, processor, control device, state machine or the controller of plural number or chip, software-driven control, gate array Column and/or other equivalent controllers, wherein especially typical using pulse-width signal as switch control signal.Fig. 2 first order Voltage conversion circuit PO1, second level voltage conversion circuit PO2 are until so-called N grades of voltage conversion circuit PON etc. passes through It concatenates line LAN to be connected in series, be superimposed on transmission concatenation line by the voltage that voltage conversion circuit PO1-PON is respectively exported Tandem voltage, which is fed to, carries out confluence another mistake change etc. similar to the power equipments such as header box or inverter ESY.

Referring to Fig. 3, realization maximum power point tracking first is illustrated by taking optional two photovoltaic modulies PV_M and PV_N as an example The basic principle of calculation: adjacent or non-conterminous photovoltaic module PV_M and photovoltaic module PV_N is respectively to voltage conversion circuit or electricity Pressure converter PO_M and PO_N provide power supply, and voltage conversion circuit is used to execute maximum power tracing to the photovoltaic cell.Photovoltaic The transfer efficiency of component or photovoltaic cell is mainly influenced by both sides: first is the internal battery characteristics of photovoltaic cell；Second It is periphery the use environment such as sunlight irradiation intensity, load state and temperature condition etc. of battery.Under different external condition, light Volt battery may operate on different and unique maximum power point, should seek photovoltaic cell under any illumination condition in real time most Excellent working condition to convert light energy into electric energy to the maximum extent.

Referring to Fig. 3, photovoltaic module PV_M generates desired output voltage using voltage conversion circuit PO_M and is performed simultaneously most High-power point tracking.The first input end NI1 of voltage conversion circuit PO_M is connected to anode and the voltage conversion of photovoltaic module PV_M The second input terminal NI2 of circuit PO_M is connected to the cathode of photovoltaic module PV_M.Notice the first of voltage conversion circuit PO_M Output end NO1 is coupled to the unique first node ND1 of voltage conversion circuit PO_M, the second output terminal of voltage conversion circuit PO_M NO2 is connected to the second node ND2 of voltage conversion circuit PO_M, in addition there are also output capacitance CO be connected first node ND1 and Between second node ND2.The voltage that voltage conversion circuit provides photovoltaic module executes the voltage conversion of DC/DC and that is, synchronizes Maximum power tracing calculation is executed, so that the DC output voltage that final voltage conversion circuit PO_M is exported generates and turns in voltage It changes between the first output end of circuit PO_M and second output terminal, output voltage loads between first node ND1 and second node ND2 Output capacitance CO it is upper.Also that is, output capacitance be connected to the voltage conversion circuit itself of Fig. 2 first node N1 and Between second node N2.The power switch S1 and power switch S2 of decompression converting circuit BUCK in voltage conversion circuit PO_M goes here and there It is associated between first input end NI1 and the second input terminal NI2, the voltage up converting circuit BOOST's in voltage conversion circuit PO_M Power switch S3 and power switch S4 is connected between the first output end NO1 and second output terminal NO2.In decompression converting circuit Both power switch S1 and power switch S2 are connected in the power switch in the first interconnecting nodes NX1 and voltage up converting circuit Both S3 and power switch S4 are connected in the second interconnecting nodes NX2, then front side power switch S1- in Buck-Boost circuit topology It is set between the second interconnecting nodes NX2 that both the first both S2 connected interconnecting nodes NX1 and rear side power switch S3-S4 are connected Being equipped with main inductance element L, second output terminal NO2 and the second input terminal NI2 may be coupled directly to the electricity for together and setting them Position is a reference potential REF1.Corresponding to the output capacitance CO being arranged between the first output end and second output terminal, The input capacitance CIN being arranged between the first input end NI1 of converter and the second input terminal NI2.Voltage conversion circuit PO_M matches The carrier wave sending module CSG set can connect the first node N1 and second node in the outlet side of voltage conversion circuit PO_M Between N2.The processor 200 of voltage conversion circuit PO_M configuration to directly drive ability weaker, can not directly drive MOSFET or The switch such as IGBT, the intensity that can be enhanced switch control signal using the stronger driver/buffer of driving capability are driven again Power switch S1-S4.

Referring to Fig. 3, photovoltaic module PV_N generates desired output voltage using voltage conversion circuit PO_N and is performed simultaneously most High-power point tracking, the first input end NI1 of voltage conversion circuit PO_N are connected to anode and the voltage conversion of photovoltaic module PV_N The second input terminal NI2 of circuit PO_N is connected to the cathode of photovoltaic module PV_N.Pay attention to the voltage conversion circuit PO_N's First output end NO1 is connected to the unique corresponding first node ND1 of voltage conversion circuit PO_N itself and voltage conversion The second output terminal NO2 of circuit PO_N is connected to the unique corresponding second node ND2 of voltage conversion circuit PO_N itself, in addition It is connected between first node ND1 and second node ND2 there are one output capacitance CO.Voltage conversion circuit PO_N is by photovoltaic The voltage of component PV_N executes the voltage conversion of DC/DC simultaneously that is, synchronous execution maximum power tracing calculation, thus final voltage The DC output voltage that conversion circuit PO_N is exported generates defeated in the first output end NO1 of voltage conversion circuit PO_N and second Between outlet NO2 namely output voltage is applied on the output capacitance CO of voltage conversion circuit PO_N.It is equivalent to output capacitance CO It is connected between the first node N1 and second node N2 of the voltage conversion circuit in Fig. 2 itself.In voltage conversion circuit PO_N The power switch S1 and power switch S2 of decompression converting circuit BUCK is connected on first input end NI1 and the second input terminal NI2 two Between person, it is defeated that the power switch S3 and power switch S4 of the booster circuit BOOST in voltage conversion circuit PO_N is connected on first Between outlet NO1 and second output terminal NO2.Both power switch S1 and power switch S2 of Buck are connected in the first interconnecting nodes Both power switch S3 and power switch S4 in NX1, Boost are connected in the second interconnecting nodes NX2, Buck-Boost circuit Both the first both front side power switch S1-S2 connected interconnecting nodes NX1 and rear side power switch S3-S4 are connected second mutual It even is provided with main inductance element L between node NX2, and the second output terminal NO2 and second in voltage conversion circuit PO_N is defeated Enter to hold NI2 to may be coupled directly to the current potential for together and setting them as a reference potential REF2.Equally electricity is converted in voltage Corresponding to the output capacitance CO being usually arranged between the first output end NO1 and second output terminal NO2 in the PO_N of road, setting The input capacitance CIN between first input end NI1 and the second input terminal NI2 in voltage conversion circuit PO_N, voltage conversion The carrier wave sending module CSG of circuit PO_N configuration is attached to the first node N1 and second node N2 of voltage conversion circuit PO_N Between.

Referring to Fig. 3, if voltage conversion circuit PO_M and voltage conversion circuit PO_N is adjacent and connects, in voltage conversion circuit Series relationship in, such as: the second node ND2 of previous stage voltage conversion circuit PO_M is connected to rear stage voltage conversion circuit The first node ND1 of PO_N.Multilevel voltage conversion circuit PO1, PO2 ... PON is connected in series by this rule, any previous stage The second node ND2 of voltage conversion circuit PO_M is coupled to neighboring later stage voltage conversion circuit PO_N's by transmission line LAN First node ND1, or the output capacitance CO of any previous stage voltage conversion circuit PO_M are electric by transmission line LAN and neighboring later stage The output capacitance CO of voltage conversion circuit PO_N connects.The rest may be inferred, finally connects in multilevel voltage conversion circuit PO1 ... PON etc. Their own output capacitance C when connection_OIt is connected in series with each other: namely the output capacitance CO and PO2 of voltage conversion circuit PO1 The output capacitance CO etc. of the output capacitance CO ... and PON of output capacitance CO and PO3 are connected in series by transmission line LAN, then are connected Total tandem voltage of the offers such as a series of conversion circuit PO1-PON of connection be equal to voltage conversion circuit PO1-PON they The superposition value of voltage on respective output capacitance CO.In other words, the first node of the voltage conversion circuit of the first first order Entire concatenated multiple converters can be provided between the second node of the voltage conversion circuit of the last level-one at end Total tandem voltage.In other words: connecting line LAN converts the voltage into circuit BS1-BSN and is together in series, and connecting line LAN is in addition to mentioning The propagation path of carrier signal is also provided for the superposition path of DC voltage.

Referring to Fig. 3, illustrated using voltage conversion circuit PO_M as example, the carrier wave sending module that it is configured includes concatenation Between the first node ND1 and second node ND2 of voltage conversion circuit PO_M containing first resistor R1, shunt capacitance CBC and A branch of switch element SW2 is additionally provided with the second resistance R2 for being connected in parallel on the both ends shunt capacitance CBC in the branch.As for load Wave sending module CSG sends the mechanism of carrier wave, is explained as follows using voltage conversion circuit PO_M as example: voltage conversion circuit The switch element SW2 in driving signal DRI driving carrier wave branch that the processor 200 of PO_M configuration issues is between turning on and off Be switched fast, when switch element SW2 is switched on the branch just have electric current circulation and switch element SW2 the branch is just when being turned off The circulation of the not no electric current of cutting, thus so-called carrier wave branch between first node ND1 and second node ND2 because of driving signal The signal for rapidly switching off with connecting and actively introduce disturbance of DRI driving switch element SW2, the frequency of disturbing signal are entirely It is determined by driving signal DRI, disturbing signal is injected directly into the concatenation line from first node ND1 and/or second node ND2 On LAN.Carrier wave branch turn-off current is truncated connected with carrier wave branch generate electric current this variation cause branch (carrier wave hair Send module CSG) generate disturbing signal be considered as power carrier signal.It is mainly based upon above from the angle for sending carrier signal Consider, if station from the perspective of receiving carrier signal, on those connecting lines shown in Fig. 2/concatenation line LAN can Can be realized as decoding/decoding to carrier signal using the carrier wave decoder module for currently arbitrarily belonging to known technology.

Referring to Fig. 3, in order to illustrate this application involves realization current detecting scheme spirit, with the realization of diagram For the electric pressure converter of power conversion, electric pressure converter constitutes decompression list if it is BUCK circuit namely switch S1 and switch S2 Arm.In BUCK circuit, the switch S3-S4 of diagram can be abandoned directly from circuit topology, then the main inductance member of BUCK circuit Part L can be connected directly between interconnecting nodes NX1 and the first output end NO1.Or if electric pressure converter works in BUCK State can directly be continuously turned on switch S4 and persistently turn off switch S3, only the power switch S1 and power switch of driving front side The switching of S2 high frequency, power converts BUCK circuit can independent work.

Referring to Fig. 3, in order to illustrate this application involves realization current detecting scheme spirit, with the realization of diagram For the electric pressure converter of power conversion, electric pressure converter is that switch S3 and switch S4 constitutes boosting list if it is BOOST circuit Arm.In BOOST circuit, switch S1-S2 can be abandoned directly from circuit topology, then the main inductance element L in BOOST circuit It can be directly coupled between interconnecting nodes NX2 and first input end NI1.Or if electric pressure converter works in BOOST state Switch S1 can be directly continuously turned on and persistently turn off switch S2, only the power switch S3 and power switch S4 high of driving rear side Frequency switches, and the BOOST circuit of power conversion can independent work.

Referring to Fig. 3, for another optional electric pressure converter for realizing power conversion: power switch S1 and S2 are connected on Between first input end NI1 and the second input terminal NI2, the first output end is connected on using the switch S3 and switch S4 of power tube Between NO1 and second output terminal NO2, pay attention to both power switch S1 therein and switch S2 be connected in interconnecting nodes NX1 and Both power switch S3 and switch S4 are connected in interconnecting nodes NX2, additionally also interconnect in first interconnecting nodes NX1 and second Main inductance element L is connected between node NX2.Use it as the single armed S1-S2 of the BUCK decompression of prime and as rear class BOOST's The single armed S3-S4 that boosts forms BUCK-BOOST circuit, has been provided simultaneously with the power conversion capability of decompression and boosting, the BUCK- BOOST circuit is H bridge type.

Referring to fig. 4, the carrier wave letter that the respective carrier module of voltage conversion circuit PO_M and voltage conversion circuit PO_N is sent Number in addition to meeting it is anticipated that other than broadcasting on the concatenation line LAN of transmission, carrier wave can also be to the direction of battery i.e. from being coupled to the The first output end NO1 of one node ND1 propagates backward to voltage from being coupled to the second output terminal NO2 of second node ND2 Conversion circuit even travels to the positive and negative anodes of battery.In order to avoid this negative effect of carrier wave can choose in second node The first inductance LA is connected between ND2 and second output terminal NO2, or is connected between first node ND1 and the first output end NO1 One inductance LA, the first inductance LA can prevent from flowing backward with partial rectification carrier wave, but this effect is very limited, hereafter can be with other Carrier wave generate mode and substitute carrier wave sending module CSG.

Referring to Fig. 5, in an alternate embodiment of the invention, voltage conversion circuit/optimizer voltage as switched-mode power supply Auxiliary induction is disposed on outgoing route, voltage path includes being coupled to the path of the first output end or second output terminal.Such as Selection connects the first inductance LA between second node ND2 and second output terminal NO2, or selects as interchangeable option The first inductance LA is connected between first node ND1 and the first output end NO1.In the both ends parallel connection first switch SA of the first inductance LA It is connected in the first inductance LA's in parallel with first capacitor CA: first switch SA and first capacitor CA together with being connected in series with each other Both ends, first switch SA and the position first capacitor CA can be exchanged.Turning on and off for first switch is sent by processor 200 Driving signal control.Explain it is how to cooperate the electricity of first switch SA and first by taking voltage conversion circuit PO_M as an example Hold CA and the first inductance LA three to generate carrier wave.The non-communicating stage that voltage conversion circuit PO_M does not emit carrier signal drives Dynamic first switch SA is persistently turned off, and voltage conversion circuit itself is directly just presented as power optimization device, will not generate any carrier wave. However the stage of communication in voltage conversion circuit PO_M transmitting carrier signal must drive first switch SA connecting ON and shutdown High frequency switches between OFF: first switch does not allow to be continuously turned on or persistently turn off, and first switch SA is switched to on-state, then This stage first switch SA and first capacitor CA constitute antiresonant circuit, the frequency of the high frequency switching ripple on main inductance element L Rate range falls into the range of the resonant frequency point of resonance circuit and is filtered out, the output electricity generated from voltage conversion circuit PO_M It is filtered out in pressure VM switch control signal (such as PWM) is mixed to voltage conversion circuit during driving voltage conversion circuit PO_M High frequency switching ripple in output voltage conveys on the DC link LAN of the output voltage of voltage conversion circuit PO_M because of view High frequency switching ripple for the carrier signal of voltage conversion circuit PO_M is filtered out, and high frequency switching ripple has not existed namely carrier wave Signal is filtered out, and such situation is defined as the first logical states of carrier signal, the load that decoder senses on DC link Wave signal is that low level for example characterizes one symbol [0] of transmission.Driving first switch SA is turning on and off a high frequency switching: When first switch SA is switched to off state, then this stage first switch SA and first capacitor CA constitutes antiresonant circuit and loses It imitates, has no doubt in the output voltage VM that voltage conversion circuit PO_M is generated and be superimposed with switch control signal in driving voltage conversion The high frequency switching ripple being mixed to during circuit PO_M in output voltage, convey on the DC link LAN of output voltage by This can mix the high frequency switching ripple for being considered as carrier signal, and high frequency switching ripple is mixed in DC voltage again namely carrier wave letter It number is not filtered, such situation is defined as the second logical states of carrier signal, what decoder sensed on DC link LAN Carrier signal is that high level for example characterizes one symbol [1] of transmission.In alternative embodiment, the BUCK-BOOST of Fig. 5 Alternatively at BUCK or BOOST topology.In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the carrier signal of voltage conversion circuit PO_M should not be by The influence of other remaining voltage conversion circuits in concatenated voltage conversion circuit PO1-PON, therefore voltage conversion circuit PO_M The first switch SA for sending the stage of communication others voltage conversion circuit of carrier wave should be turned off, such as voltage conversion electricity in Fig. 5 The stage of communication that road PO_M sends carrier wave is turned off the first switch SA configured in voltage conversion circuit PO_N.

Referring to Fig. 6, in an alternate embodiment of the invention, the processor 200 of voltage conversion circuit PO_M configuration is on transmission line Send the mode of data are as follows: first switch SA is in a preset period for control/driving voltage conversion circuit PO_M configuration It is turned off or is connected by high frequency in TPRE, it means that send symbol [0] or [1].Specific scheme is, for example, in period TPRE First switch high frequency is required to be switched on or turn off in each byte cycle of range (communication time period for sending data).Example Such as, it is desirable that first switch SA is at least turned on once in first data transmitting period T1 of period TPRE, and electricity occurs The situation that the switching harmonics of voltage conversion circuit PO_M are filtered out, switching harmonics curve have the segment being filtered out in the connection period DER1, the byte which indicates are denoted as [0].It is required that the first switch in second data transmitting period T2 of period TPRE SA is switched to shutdown, the segment that switching harmonics curve is not filtered out, and the byte which indicates is denoted as [1].It is required that in the time There are one or many situations being switched on and for example opens in first switch SA in the third data transmitting period T3 of section TPRE Close ripple curve has the segment DER2 and DER3 being filtered out in the period that first switch SA is switched on twice respectively, which indicates Byte be denoted as [0].Continuous three bytes [010] or [101] are had sent in embodiment of the cycle T 1-T3 as example. Sending and detect principle according to this basic carrier wave, the rest may be inferred, can also there is more such data in period TPRE Sending cycle, the application repeat no more, and the transmission to a binary element 1 or 0 may be implemented in each period.It is continuous at three Period or more in write-in 1 or 0 is thought if there is ripple signal on transmission line, by contrast, if transmission There is no ripple signal then to think write-in 0 or 1 on route.The voltage fluctuation of high frequency switching ripple has certain jump range, such as exists Shown in Fig. 6 its positive amplitude not higher than upper limit value VHI and its negative sense amplitude is then not less than lower limit value VLO, from transmission line It is easy to capture high frequency switching ripple from stable steady output voltage VM or total tandem voltage on LAN.It is preferential at one But call duration time section TPRE is used as in nonessential embodiment, first cycle T 1 is preferably at least when conveying first start byte The primary first switch SA of connection is gone to be characterized whereby with the event for filtering out carrier wave, because not sending out in voltage conversion circuit PO_M The non-communicating stage driving first switch SA for penetrating carrier signal is persistently turned off, and how to distinguish non-communicating stage and described Stage of communication is one of problem in need of consideration: if the start byte event for occurring filtering out carrier wave of call duration time section TPRE It characterizes, can indicate that the carrier communication for executing data transmission has begun, electric pressure converter has begun from described non-through The letter stage is redirected into the stage of communication.As option, when defining communication protocol, first start byte can also be only It is to be considered start bit, is only true data from the data after start bit.Switch control signal such as PWM turns in driving voltage The switching operating frequency having during the power switch S1-S4 for changing circuit is preferably higher than and drives in the stage of communication Dynamic first switch SA is turning on and off a switches switching frequency for high frequency switching.

Referring to Fig. 7, in an alternate embodiment of the invention, it is contemplated that the high frequency being embodied in voltage conversion circuit PO_M on inductance L Switching harmonics are very faint, especially relatively high in the output voltage of voltage conversion circuit PO_M, or entire battery strings group It is difficult to sense switching harmonics from transmission line LAN in the case that total tandem voltage is bigger.In order to overcome this to ask Topic in the example of figure 7, go here and there between the first node ND1 and second node ND2 of voltage conversion circuit PO_M by additional selection Connection is connected with second switch SPM and the second capacitor CP, the second switch SPM that the non-communicating stage is sayed here can be by The driving of processor 200 is all allowed to turning on and off.It however is in particular that carrier signal has the in stage of communication The stage of two logical states, i.e. the first switch SAM high frequency of voltage conversion circuit PO_M must be by when being switched to the state of shutdown Two switch SPM connection, first switch SAM and second switch SPM are the equal of the complementary switch at this moment, in first switch SAM The capacitor CP and inductance LA that second switch SPM is switched on to allow the frequency range of high frequency switching ripple to enter converter when being turned off Resonant frequency point, improve the fluctuating range of the high frequency switching ripple so being easier to sense, the display switch line in Fig. 6 before The positive amplitude of wave is not higher than upper limit value VHI and its negative sense amplitude is then not less than lower limit value VLO.Referring to Fig. 8, due to introducing electricity Hold CP, high frequency switching ripple is easier from steady output voltage VM or total tandem voltage after increasing amplitude from transmission line High frequency switching ripple is captured, the positive amplitude of high frequency switching ripple is more than upper limit value VHI and its negative sense amplitude is then lower than lower limit value VLO.In an alternative embodiment, the carrier wave of voltage conversion circuit PO_M should not be by concatenated voltage conversion circuit The influence of other remaining voltage conversion circuits in PO1-PON, therefore voltage conversion circuit PO_M sends the stage of communication of carrier wave The first switch of other voltage conversion circuits should turn off, such as voltage conversion circuit PO_M sends the communication of carrier wave in Fig. 7 Stage is turned off the first switch SAN in voltage conversion circuit PO_N, and first switch SAN and first capacitor CAN are disconnected Connection relationship, second of the series connection between the first node ND1 and second node ND2 of voltage conversion circuit PO_N opens at this time The switch SPN closed in SPN and the second capacitor CP allows to turn on and off.But send out the voltage conversion circuit PO_M of carrier signal In first switch SAM connect and disconnect with first capacitor CAM high frequency.

It is another middle embodiment for realizing carrier wave transmitting, topological structure is similar with Fig. 1-Fig. 7, needs only again referring to Fig. 9 Additionally introduce a reference voltage source VRI.By taking voltage conversion circuit PO_M as an example: its first inductance LA is connected in voltage conversion circuit Between the second output terminal NO2 and second node ND2 of PO_M, the first end of first capacitor CA such as anode is coupled to reference voltage Source VRI is coupled to the second node ND2 of conversion circuit PO_M if the second end such as cathode of first capacitor CA, and first opens SA is closed to be connected between the first end of first capacitor CA and the second output terminal NO2 of conversion circuit PO_M.Voltage conversion circuit PO_ The reference voltage source VRI that the first end of the first capacitor CA of M is coupled can be an independent stabilized power supply, or The input electricity for the voltage namely voltage conversion circuit PO_M that the anode of the photovoltaic module PV of voltage conversion circuit PO_M pairing provides The output voltage namely the current potential at its first output end NO1 of pressure or voltage conversion circuit PO_M itself.

It is another middle embodiment for realizing carrier wave transmitting, topological structure is similar with Fig. 1-Fig. 7, also needs again referring to Fig. 9 Additionally introduce a reference voltage source VRI.By taking voltage conversion circuit PO_N as an example: its first inductance LA is connected in voltage conversion circuit Between the second output terminal NO2 and second node ND2 of PO_N, the first end of first capacitor CA such as anode is coupled to reference voltage Source VRI is coupled to the second node ND2 of conversion circuit PO_N if the second end such as cathode of first capacitor CA, and first opens SA is closed to be connected between the first end of first capacitor CA and the second output terminal NO2 of conversion circuit PO_N.Voltage conversion circuit PO_ The reference voltage source VRI that the first end of the first capacitor CA of N is coupled can be an independent stabilized power supply, or The input electricity for the voltage namely voltage conversion circuit PO_N that the anode of the photovoltaic module PV of voltage conversion circuit PO_N pairing provides The output voltage namely the current potential at its first output end NO1 of pressure or voltage conversion circuit PO_N itself.

Referring to Fig. 9, in an optional but nonessential embodiment, turning on and off for first switch SA is turned by voltage The driving signal of the transmission of processor 200 of circuit pairing is changed to control.It is explained by taking voltage conversion circuit PO_M as an example is First switch SA and first capacitor CA and the first inductance LA three is how cooperated to generate carrier wave.Voltage conversion circuit PO_M is not The non-communicating stage driving first switch SA of transmitting carrier signal is persistently turned off, and voltage conversion circuit itself is directly just presented as function Rate optimizer will not generate any carrier wave.However the stage of communication in voltage conversion circuit PO_M transmitting carrier signal must drive Dynamic first switch SA is connecting high frequency switching between ON and shutdown OFF: first switch does not allow to be continuously turned on or persistently turn off, and first Switch SA is switched to on-state, then this stage first switch SA and first capacitor CA constitutes relatively closed circuit, is filled The direct transient state of potential difference at the both ends first capacitor CA of electricity is added on the DC link LAN of conveying output voltage VM, should The every subtransient of potential difference, which is loaded on DC link, can lure one narrow pulse of emergence on transmission line into, cause: direct current transmission The feelings for being loaded into the pulse for being considered as carrier signal induced on DC link because being mixed with the potential difference transient state on line LAN Condition is defined as carrier signal with the second logical states, and the carrier signal that decoder senses on DC link is high level Such as it characterizes and sends a symbol [1].Still a high frequency switching is being turned on and off in stage of communication driving first switch SA: First switch SA is switched to off state, then this stage first switch SA and first capacitor CA constitutes closed circuit and disconnects, quilt The potential difference at the both ends first capacitor CA of charging is not by transient superposition to the DC link LAN for conveying the output voltage VM On, it is loaded on DC link LAN on DC link in default of the potential difference transient state and what is induced be considered as carrier signal Pulse the case where, be defined as carrier signal with the first logical states, the carrier wave that decoder LAN on DC link is sensed Signal is that low level for example characterizes one symbol [0] of transmission.The BUCK-BOOST of Fig. 9 is alternatively at BUCK or BOOST topology As alternative embodiment.In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the carrier signal of voltage conversion circuit PO_M should not be connected Voltage conversion circuit PO1-PON in other remaining voltage conversion circuits influence, voltage conversion circuit PO_M send carrier wave The first switch SA of stage of communication others voltage conversion circuit should turn off, as voltage conversion circuit PO_M sends the logical of carrier wave The letter stage is turned off the first switch SA configured in voltage conversion circuit PO_N.It is easy to from transmission line from stable The narrow pulse is captured in steady output voltage VM or total tandem voltage.

It is another middle embodiment for realizing carrier wave transmitting, topological structure is similar with Fig. 1-Fig. 7, needs only referring to Figure 10 A reference voltage source VRI is additionally introduced again.By taking voltage conversion circuit PO_M as an example: its first inductance LA is connected in voltage conversion electricity Between the second output terminal NO2 and second node ND2 of road PO_M, the first end of first capacitor CA such as anode is coupled to reference to electricity Potential source VRI, is coupled to the second node ND2 of conversion circuit PO_M if the second end such as cathode of first capacitor CA, and first Switch SA is connected between the first end of first capacitor CA and the second output terminal NO2 of conversion circuit PO_M.Voltage conversion circuit The reference voltage source VRI that the first end of the first capacitor CA of PO_M is coupled can be an independent stabilized power supply, Or the anode of the photovoltaic module PV of voltage conversion circuit PO_M pairing provide the of voltage namely voltage conversion circuit PO_M The output voltage namely its first output end NO1 of input voltage or voltage conversion circuit PO_M itself at one input terminal NI1 The current potential at place.With the scheme of Fig. 9 it is different be in the present embodiment: the first end of first capacitor CA is also needed by one Auxiliary switch SC is indirectly coupled at the reference voltage source VRI again namely this additional auxiliary switch SC is connected to ginseng It examines between voltage source VRI and the first end of the first capacitor CA.In this optional embodiment, auxiliary switch SC is prevented The first end of first capacitor CA continues charging electric charge and ceaselessly charges, such as first capacitor CA is in first switch SA and connects After electric discharge generates so-called narrow pulse under state, need to be supplemented charge, state is switched on by auxiliary switch SC and It is charged by power supply VRI to the first capacitor CA, and auxiliary switch SC is switched to off state after charging.Voltage turns The processor 200 for changing circuit PO_M configuration can be used for driving auxiliary switch SC.When voltage is converted in more particular embodiment Circuit PO_M enters stage of communication, and when switching at high speed between turning on and off, auxiliary switch SC and first is opened first switch SA Closing SA is complementary switch, and first switch SA connects auxiliary switch SC needs when generating pulse and is turned off, after generating narrow pulse First switch SA is connected by auxiliary switch SC to capacitor charging again when turning off.

It is another middle embodiment for realizing carrier wave transmitting, topological structure is similar with Fig. 1-Fig. 7, also needs referring to Figure 10 A reference voltage source VRI is additionally introduced again.By taking voltage conversion circuit PO_N as an example: its first inductance LA is connected in voltage conversion electricity Between the first output end NO1 and first node ND1 of road PO_N, the first end of first capacitor CA such as anode is coupled to reference to electricity Potential source VRI is coupled to the first output end NO1 of conversion circuit PO_N if the second end such as cathode of first capacitor CA, and first opens SA is closed to be connected between the first end of first capacitor CA and the first node ND1 of conversion circuit PO_N.Voltage conversion circuit The reference voltage source VRI that the first end of the first capacitor CA of PO_N is coupled can be an independent stabilized power supply, Or the anode of the photovoltaic module PV of voltage conversion circuit PO_N pairing provide the of voltage namely voltage conversion circuit PO_N Input voltage at one input terminal NI1.In the scheme of the present embodiment: the first end of first capacitor CA also needs auxiliary by one Switch SC is helped to be indirectly coupled at the reference voltage source VRI again, i.e. this additional auxiliary switch SC is connected to reference to electricity Between potential source VRI and the first end of first capacitor CA.In this optional embodiment, auxiliary switch SC prevents first capacitor CA First end continue charging electric charge and ceaselessly charge, in first switch SA, lower electric discharge generates first capacitor CA in an ON state It after so-called narrow pulse, needs to be supplemented charge, state is switched on by auxiliary switch SC and by reference to voltage source VRI charges to the first capacitor CA, and auxiliary switch SC is switched to off state after the charging of capacitor.Voltage turns The processor 200 for changing circuit PO_N configuration can be used for driving auxiliary switch SC.Work as voltage conversion circuit in particular embodiments PO_N enters stage of communication, and when turning on and off a high frequency switching, auxiliary switch SC and described first is opened first switch SA Closing SA is complementary switch, and first switch SA connects auxiliary switch SC when generating pulse and needs to be turned off and generating narrow pulse Later it is connected again by auxiliary switch SC to capacitor charging when first switch SA is turned off.

Referring to Figure 11, if carrier wave namely narrow pulse is not added, voltage conversion circuit PO_M is in normal condition before Under the positive amplitude that shows of output voltage VM not higher than output voltage maximum value VMH and its negative sense amplitude is then not less than output The minimum value VML of voltage.Referring to Figure 11, due to introducing pulse narrow caused by capacitor CP electric discharge, narrow pulse is from transmission line Road is easier to identify and capture from steady output voltage VM, or says and be easy to from for providing the transmission of total tandem voltage The narrow pulse of middle capture on line, the output voltage VM of voltage conversion circuit PO_M, which is superimposed with narrow pulse, to be caused on transmission line just It is more than maximum value VMH to amplitude, the voltage difference for the capacitor being capable of providing in figure due to charging on first capacitor CA is VCA, can To observe that output voltage VM is superimposed with after the voltage difference VCA of capacitor, hence it is evident that cause the positive amplitude being worth after superposition can be substantially Degree is more than maximum value VMH.The carrier wave of voltage conversion circuit PO_M should not be by concatenated voltage conversion circuit PO1-PON The influence of other remaining voltage conversion circuits, therefore when the voltage conversion circuit PO_M sends the carrier wave that narrow pulse indicates Stage of communication, the first switch of other voltage conversion circuits should turn off, in an alternate embodiment of the invention, such as in Figure 10 it is electric The stage of communication that voltage conversion circuit PO_M sends carrier wave is turned off the first switch SA in voltage conversion circuit PO_N.

Referring to Figure 11, in an alternate embodiment of the invention, the processor 200 of voltage conversion circuit PO_M configuration is on transmission line Send the mode of data are as follows: first switch SA is in a preset period for control/driving voltage conversion circuit PO_M configuration It is turned off or is connected by high frequency in TPRE, it means that send symbol [0] or [1].Specific scheme is, for example, in period TPRE First switch high frequency is required to be switched on or turn off in each byte cycle of range (communication time period for sending data).Example Such as, it is desirable that first switch SA is at least turned on once in first data transmitting period T1 of period TPRE, then voltage Narrow pulse is injected on the outgoing route of conversion circuit PO_M, the curve of the output voltage VM of conversion circuit PO_M is in first switch There is the segment DER1 for being superimposed the narrow pulse in the SA connection period, and the byte which indicates is denoted as [1].It is required that in the period First switch SA is switched to shutdown in second data transmitting period T2 of TPRE, and the curve of output voltage VM does not have any pulse Segment, the event indicate byte be denoted as [0].In addition to this third data transmitting period in period TPRE is also required There are one or many situations being switched in first switch SA in T3, and for example, the curve of output voltage VM is in first switch SA There are the segment DER2 and DER3 of the narrow pulse in the period being switched on twice respectively, and the byte which indicates is denoted as [1].? Cycle T 1-T3 is as having sent continuous three bytes [101] or [010] in the embodiment of example.According to this basic load The rest may be inferred for the principle of wave transmission and carrier sense, can there is more data transmitting periods, the application in period TPRE It repeats no more, the transmission to a binary element 1 or 0 may be implemented in each period.In three continuous periods or more Write-in 1 or 0 is thought in phase if occurring narrow pulse namely carrier wave on transmission line, by contrast, if on transmission line There is no narrow pulse namely carrier wave then to think write-in 0 or 1.The voltage of output voltage VM floats has certain fluctuation range originally, Positive amplitude as shown it in figure is not less than minimum value VML not higher than maximum value VMH if its negative sense amplitude, when pulse is led When cause fluctuation range is no longer in range, it is easy to from transmission line from stable steady output voltage VM or total tandem electricity Narrow pulse is captured in pressure.In an alternate embodiment of the invention in call duration time section TPRE, first cycle T 1 conveys first banner word The primary first switch SA of connection is preferably at least gone to be characterized whereby with the event of narrow pulse when section, because converting electricity in voltage The non-communicating stage driving first switch SA that road PO_M does not emit carrier signal is persistently turned off, and how to distinguish the non-communicating rank Section and the stage of communication are one of problems in need of consideration: if the start byte appearance of call duration time section TPRE is narrow The event of pulse characterizes, and can indicate that the carrier communication for executing data transmission has begun, voltage conversion circuit PO_M has been Start to be redirected into the stage of communication from the non-communicating stage.It is risen for first as option when defining communication protocol Beginning byte only can also be considered start bit, only indicate starting communication, be only really from the data after start bit Data.The switch operation that switch control signal such as PWM have during the power switch S1-S4 of driving voltage conversion circuit Frequency.In an alternate embodiment of the invention, preferably it is higher than in the stage of communication driving first switch SA between turning on and off The switches switching frequency of high frequency switching.

Referring to Figure 10, in an alternate embodiment of the invention, the non-communicating rank of carrier signal is not emitted in voltage conversion circuit PO_M Section driving first switch SA is persistently turned off, in the driving the of the stage of communication high frequency of voltage conversion circuit PO_M transmitting carrier signal One switch switches between turning on and off.The stage of communication that voltage conversion circuit PO_M emits carrier signal generates and discriminatory carrier Mode include: driving first switch SA be switched on, filter out switch from the output voltage VM of voltage conversion circuit PO_M Control signal is mixed to the high frequency switching ripple in output voltage VM during driving voltage conversion circuit PO_M, meanwhile, quilt The potential difference at the both ends first capacitor CA of charging directly by transient superposition to the DC link for conveying the output voltage VM, The pulse for being considered as carrier signal induced on DC link is loaded into because being mixed with the potential difference transient state on DC link The case where, then: the height on meeting the DC link LAN for conveying the output voltage VM because being considered as in carrier signal First condition that frequency switching harmonics component is filtered out and meets and be mixed with the potential difference transient state on DC link and be loaded into direct current In the case where the second condition of what is induced on transmission line the be considered as pulse component of carrier signal, it is defined as the first of carrier signal Logical states.In contrast, it is being turned on and off in the stage of communication driving first switch of voltage conversion circuit transmitting carrier signal The stage of communication of high frequency switching, voltage conversion circuit PO_M transmitting carrier signal generates and the mode of discriminatory carrier signal includes: Driving first switch SA is switched to shutdown, then switch control letter is superimposed in the output voltage VM of the voltage conversion circuit PO_M The high frequency switching ripple number being mixed to during driving voltage conversion circuit PO_M in output voltage VM leads to conveying output electricity It presses and is mixed with the high frequency switching ripple component for being considered as carrier signal on the DC link of VM, meanwhile, the first capacitor being electrically charged The potential difference at the both ends CA is not by transient superposition to the DC link for conveying the output voltage VM, DC link LAN On be loaded on DC link in default of the potential difference transient state and the pulse component for being considered as carrier signal that induces, then: The of the high frequency switching ripple component for being considered as carrier signal is mixed on meeting the DC link for conveying the output voltage Three conditions and meeting are loaded on DC link on DC link in default of the potential difference transient state and what is induced be considered as load In the case where the fourth condition of the pulse component of wave signal, it is defined as the second logical states of carrier signal.First logical states and One of two logical states are used to characterize 1 or 0 in binary element and another one is remaining in binary element for characterizing Another, for example the first logical states characterization carrier signal is [1] of high level and the second logical states characterization carrier signal is low electricity Flat [0] or the first logical states characterization carrier signal are low level [0] and the second logical states characterization carrier signal is high level [1], the binary element that their logic state is characterized in a word is opposite.Namely Fig. 9 and Fig. 5 scheme be used in combination or Fig. 9 and Fig. 7 scheme is used in combination, alternatively, Figure 10 and Fig. 5 scheme is used in combination or Figure 10 and Fig. 7 scheme is used in combination.

Referring to Fig. 9, in improved embodiment, by taking voltage conversion circuit PO_M as an example: its first inductance LA is connected in voltage Between the second output terminal NO2 and second node ND2 of conversion circuit PO_M, the first end of first capacitor CA is connected to reference voltage source VRI, the second node ND2 and its first switch SA that the second end of first capacitor CA is connected to conversion circuit PO_M are connected in first capacitor Between the first end of CA and the second output terminal NO2 of conversion circuit PO_M.The of the first capacitor CA of voltage conversion circuit PO_M One end may be coupled directly to reference voltage source VRI or can also be coupled to reference voltage source using the pull-up resistor RP of diagram VRI.And then can be modified in the embodiment of the voltage conversion circuit PO_M of Figure 10 auxiliary switch SC and pull-up resistor RP they The two is connected between the first end and reference voltage source VRI of the first capacitor CA in voltage conversion circuit PO_M.It should be appreciated that To: the pull-up resistor RP that can additionally add in the voltage conversion circuit PO_M in Fig. 9 and Figure 10 is option and can be omitted.

Referring to Fig. 9, in improved embodiment, by taking voltage conversion circuit PO_N as an example: its first inductance LA is connected in voltage Between the second output terminal NO2 and second node ND2 of conversion circuit PO_N, the first end of first capacitor CA such as anode is coupled to Reference voltage source VRI, the second end of first capacitor CA are then coupled to the second node ND2 of conversion circuit PO_N, and first Switch SA is connected between the first end of first capacitor CA and the second output terminal NO2 of conversion circuit PO_N.We can observe Into Fig. 9, the first end of the first capacitor CA of voltage conversion circuit PO_N is directly coupled to the reference voltage source VRI, and Fig. 9 The first end of the first capacitor CA of middle voltage conversion circuit PO_M but can use pull-up resistor RP and be coupled to reference voltage source VRI.And as improved embodiment: the first end of the first capacitor CA of voltage conversion circuit PO_N also can use figure in Fig. 9 In the pull-up resistor come is not depicted and is indirectly coupled to reference voltage source VRI, namely voltage conversion circuit PO_N's Also a pull-up resistor is connected between the first end of first capacitor CA and reference voltage source VRI.As improvement: the voltage of Figure 10 Then can be modified to auxiliary switch SC and pull-up resistor in the embodiment of conversion circuit PO_N, both is connected on voltage conversion Between the first end and reference voltage source VRI of first capacitor CA in circuit PO_N.It will be appreciated that each in Fig. 9 and Figure 10 From voltage conversion circuit PO_N in the pull-up resistor that can additionally add be option and can be omitted.

Above by the content of description and accompanying drawings, the exemplary embodiments of the specific structure of specific embodiment are given, on It states invention and proposes existing preferred embodiment, but these contents are not intended as limiting to.For a person skilled in the art, After reading above description, various changes and modifications undoubtedly be will be evident.Therefore, appended claims should be regarded as and cover Whole variations and modifications of true intention and range of the invention.The range of any and all equivalences in Claims scope With content, all it is considered as still belonging to the intent and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. a kind of voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization that can produce carrier signal, which is characterized in that be used for Each the battery strings group for providing tandem voltage is connected in series with multiple photovoltaic modulies, and the photovoltaic module, which is each equipped with, to be used for It executes the voltage conversion circuit of maximum power point tracking and exports paired photovoltaic by the voltage conversion circuit Component implements the output voltage after DC voltage conversion, further includes:

2. the voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization according to claim 1 that can produce carrier signal, It is characterized by:

3. the voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization according to claim 2 that can produce carrier signal, It is characterized by:

4. the voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization according to claim 2 that can produce carrier signal, It is characterized by:

First inductance is connected between the first output end and first node；

The second end of the first capacitor is coupled to first output end；

5. the voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization according to claim 2 that can produce carrier signal, It is characterized by:

First inductance is connected between second output terminal and second node；

The second end of the first capacitor is coupled to the second node；

6. the voltage conversion electricity for photovoltaic module power optimization according to claim 4 or 5 that can produce carrier signal Road, it is characterised in that:

7. the voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization according to claim 2 that can produce carrier signal, It is characterized by:

Voltage conversion circuit includes:

8. the voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization according to claim 1 that can produce carrier signal, It is characterized by:

9. the voltage conversion circuit for photovoltaic module power optimization according to claim 1 that can produce carrier signal, It is characterized by:

10. a kind of method for generating carrier signal by the voltage conversion circuit optimized for photovoltaic module power, feature exist In each battery strings group for providing tandem voltage is connected in series with multiple photovoltaic modulies, and the photovoltaic module is matched It is equipped with the voltage conversion circuit for executing maximum power point tracking and is matched therewith by voltage conversion circuit output Pair photovoltaic module implement DC voltage conversion after output voltage；And

The method includes:

11. according to the method described in claim 10, it is characterized by:

12. according to the method for claim 11, it is characterised in that:

13. according to the method for claim 11, it is characterised in that:

First inductance is connected between the first output end and first node；

The second end of the first capacitor is coupled to first output end；

14. according to the method for claim 11, it is characterised in that:

First inductance is connected between second output terminal and second node；

The second end of the first capacitor is coupled to the second node；

15. method described in 3 or 14 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:

After stage of communication driving first switch is switched on from shutdown the first capacitor to be caused to be discharged, second is also driven Switch is connected and charges to the first capacitor and drive the second switch to be turned off again after charging.

16. method described in 3 or 14 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:

The reference voltage source for supplying each voltage conversion circuit is to be taken from each described voltage conversion circuit Input voltage or output voltage or an independent source of stable pressure.