CN109407332B - Dynamic chromatic aberration compensation device for broadband laser system - Google Patents
Dynamic chromatic aberration compensation device for broadband laser system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic chromatic aberration compensation device for a broadband laser system, which comprises a first half-wave plate, a polarization beam splitter, a first quarter-wave plate, a convex lens, a concave lens group, a concave reflector, a first two-dimensional translation stage, a second quarter-wave plate, a plane reflector and a second half-wave plate. The invention adopts the image transmission structure design and can obviously improve the quality of output light beams through spatial filtering and pinhole filtering. The device can control the relative distance between the concave lens group, the concave reflector and the convex lens by moving the two-dimensional translation table, and can gradually change the aperture of the light beam incident on the concave lens group, thereby playing the role of continuously controlling the chromatic aberration compensation quantity and being beneficial to accurately optimizing the chromatic aberration compensation effect. The device can be used as a chromatic aberration compensation unit to be applied to an ultrashort pulse laser system, provides chromatic aberration compensation of the whole system, can also be used for a common optical system, and has a larger chromatic aberration compensation range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a chromatic aberration compensation device of a broadband laser system, in particular to a chromatic aberration dynamic compensation device of a high-power femtosecond ultrashort pulse laser system.
Background
In order to develop the fusion energy technology, scientists develop high-power laser devices for the research of technical schemes such as central ignition and fast ignition. In a high-power ultrashort pulse laser device, in order to avoid damage to an optical element due to an excessively high power density, laser pulses need to be expanded and amplified step by step. Generally, a high-power laser system adopts a large-aperture spatial filter structure, so that on one hand, the gradual beam expansion of the aperture of a light beam is realized, and on the other hand, high-frequency spectral noise is filtered, image transmission is effectively realized, and the quality of the light beam is improved. The spatial filter of the traditional narrow-band pulse laser system usually adopts a Kepler structure, namely a front positive lens and a rear positive lens are arranged in a confocal mode, and a spatial filtering small hole is formed in a confocal plane. Due to material dispersion of the lens system, chromatic aberration is inevitably generated when broadband laser pulses pass through the spatial filter lens, so that the emergent angles of the lasers with different wavelengths are different, different wavelengths have different focal lengths when the lasers are converged to a focal plane, defocusing dispersion (axial chromatic aberration) is generated, and the larger the bandwidth of incident light is, the larger the chromatic aberration is. On the other hand, laser pulses passing through different radial positions of the lens have different Pulse Time Delays (PTDs) due to the thick center and thin edges of the lens. For broadband laser systems with pulse widths on the order of picoseconds and femtoseconds, the effect of chromatic aberration is significant. The maximum beam aperture of a high-power ultrashort pulse laser system can reach dozens of centimeters generally, when broadband laser is expanded step by step through a spatial filtering system, chromatic aberration is accumulated step by step, and if the chromatic aberration accumulated by the whole system is not compensated, the focusing performance of a laser terminal generates serious space-time distortion: the aperture of the focusing light spot is enlarged, and the peak power density is reduced; the pulse time domain pulse width becomes wider and the signal-to-noise ratio decreases.
At present, the means for eliminating chromatic aberration in a high-power ultrashort pulse laser system mainly comprises technical means such as replacing a single lens with an achromatic lens, replacing a transmission filter with a full-emission spatial filter, adding a chromatic aberration compensation unit for pre-compensation and the like. The traditional means for eliminating chromatic aberration is to use an achromatic lens group consisting of two different materials to replace a single lens, and the achromatic lens group is generally formed by laminating two positive and negative lenses made of different materials, so that defocusing dispersion can be eliminated under the condition of ensuring the focal length of the lenses; the generation of PTD and defocusing dispersion can be completely avoided theoretically by using a total reflection beam expanding system to replace a transmission type beam expanding system. Although the achromatic lens group and the total reflection system can effectively suppress chromatic aberration of the system, there are some limitations in practical use. For example, large-caliber achromatic lens materials are difficult to process and expensive; the full emission system is limited by folding of the light path and vacuum transmission, and is difficult to install in a compression chamber.
The addition of a chromatic aberration compensation unit for pre-compensation is a main chromatic aberration compensation means of a high-power ultrashort pulse laser system. The pre-compensation unit comprises a chromatic aberration compensation unit based on a diffraction element and a compensation unit based on a projection element. The chromatic aberration compensation unit based on the diffraction element can provide a larger chromatic aberration compensation amount, but the quality of the light beam is obviously reduced; however, although the quality of the light beam is good, the compensation of the chromatic aberration by the transmission element is limited by the material and the processing technology, and it is difficult to provide a large amount of chromatic aberration compensation. Therefore, how to design a compensation device that can achieve both a large amount of chromatic aberration compensation and excellent beam quality is a challenge to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a dynamic chromatic aberration compensation device for a broadband laser system, which can meet the chromatic aberration compensation requirements of laser systems with different bandwidths. The device has simple structure and convenient light path adjustment, can freely move in and out and does not influence the main light path. Compared with the traditional chromatic aberration compensation technology, the device adopts an image transfer structure design and can obviously improve the quality of output light beams through spatial filtering and pinhole filtering. The device can control the relative distance between the concave lens group, the concave reflector and the convex lens by moving the two-dimensional translation table, and can gradually change the aperture of the light beam incident on the concave lens group, thereby playing the role of continuously controlling the chromatic aberration compensation quantity and being beneficial to accurately optimizing the chromatic aberration compensation effect. The device can be used as a chromatic aberration compensation unit to be applied to an ultrashort pulse laser system, provides chromatic aberration compensation of the whole system, can also be used for a common optical system, and has a larger chromatic aberration compensation range.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a dynamic compensation device for chromatic aberration of a broadband laser system is characterized in that: the device comprises a half-wave plate, a polarization beam splitter prism, a first quarter-wave plate, a convex lens, a spatial filter, a concave lens group, a concave reflector, a first two-dimensional translation stage for placing the concave lens group, a second two-dimensional translation stage for placing the concave reflector, a second quarter-wave plate, a plane reflector and a second half-wave plate; the convex lens, the concave lens group and the concave reflector form a confocal system;
the incident plane light is converted into P polarized light by the first half wave plate, is vertically incident to the first quarter wave plate after being reflected by the polarization beam splitter, is transmitted by the first quarter wave plate, the light is transmitted by the first quarter wave plate, converted into S polarized light, transmitted by the polarization spectroscope, vertically incident to the plane reflector after being transmitted by the second quarter wave plate, reflected by the plane reflector, returned along the original path, reflected by the plane reflector, and then converted into P polarized light again after being reflected by the polarization spectroscope for 90 degrees and transmitted by the second half wave plate.
By adjusting the relative distance between the concave lens group, the concave reflector and the convex lens, the dynamic compensation of the chromatic aberration can be realized accurately in a large range within a large bandwidth range.
The first half wave plate, the second half wave plate, the first quarter wave plate and the second quarter wave plate select zero-order wave plates or achromatic wave plates of corresponding wave bands according to the condition of an actual incident light source.
The concave lens group can adopt a single lens design, can also adopt a double-concave lens or multi-concave lens combination mode, and can be plated with broadband antireflection films on the front and rear surfaces of the concave lens according to the incident light source condition.
The concave lens group and the concave reflector can adopt spherical design or aspherical design according to the requirement of an actual system.
The space filter has the functions of space filtering and preventing air near a focus from being broken down, and if the power of the system is not high, the cavity of the space filter can be removed and only a small filtering hole is reserved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
1) simple structure, the light path is adjusted conveniently, can freely move in and move out, does not influence the main light path, and is low to the environmental requirement.
2) Compared with the traditional chromatic aberration compensation technology, the device adopts an image transmission structure design and can obviously improve the quality of output light beams through spatial filtering and pinhole filtering.
3) The relative distance among the concave lens group, the concave reflector and the convex lens can be controlled by moving the two-dimensional translation stage, and the aperture of the light beam incident on the concave lens group can be gradually changed, so that the effect of continuously controlling chromatic aberration compensation quantity is achieved, and the chromatic aberration compensation effect can be accurately optimized.
4) The device can be used as a chromatic aberration compensation unit to be applied to an ultrashort pulse laser system, provides chromatic aberration compensation of the whole system, can also be used for a common optical system, and has a larger chromatic aberration compensation range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a chromatic aberration dynamic compensation device of a broadband laser system according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a chromatic aberration dynamic compensation apparatus of a broadband laser system according to the present invention, including a half-wave plate 1, a polarization beam splitter prism 2, a first quarter-wave plate 3, a convex lens 4, a spatial filter 5, a concave lens group 6, a concave mirror 7, a first two-dimensional translation stage 8 for placing the concave lens group 6, a second two-dimensional translation stage 9 for placing the concave mirror 7, a second quarter-wave plate 10, a plane mirror 11, and a second half-wave plate 12; the convex lens 4, the concave lens group 6 and the concave reflector 7 form a confocal system;
incident plane light is converted into P polarized light through the first half-wave plate 1, is reflected by the polarization beam splitter 2 and then vertically enters the first quarter-wave plate 3, is transmitted by the first quarter-wave plate 3, is converged at a focus F of a confocal system through the convex lens 4, is filtered by the spatial filter 5 and then enters the concave lens group 6, is transmitted by the concave lens group 6, is diverged to enter the concave reflector 7, is reflected by the concave reflector 7, is returned along the original path, sequentially passes through the concave lens group 6, the spatial filter 5 and the convex lens 4 to be plane light, is converted into S polarized light after being transmitted by the first quarter-wave plate 3, is vertically enters the plane reflector 11 after being transmitted by the second quarter-wave plate 10, is reflected by the plane reflector 11 and then returns along the original path, is converted into P polarized light again after passing through the second quarter-wave plate 10, is reflected by the polarization beam splitter 290 degrees and then passes through the second half-wave plate 12 And (4) transmission.
Example (b):
taking an SG II-5PW laser device as an example, the central wavelength of signal light of the laser system is 808nm, the FWHM bandwidth is 50nm, the total chromatic aberration of the system is derived from a five-level spatial filter, and the chromatic aberration amount is obtained by the following formula (1):
the device is arranged between the third-stage spatial filter and the fourth-stage spatial filter, and the aperture of a light beam is 16 mm. According to the system requirement, the first half-wave plate 1, the second half-wave plate 12, the first quarter-wave plate 3 and the second quarter-wave plate 10 adopt broadband achromatic wave plates; the convex lens 4 is made of K9 glass and has a focal length of 100 mm; the concave lens group 6 is a plano-concave lens made of K9 glass, the focal length is-200 mm, and the aperture is 100 mm; the concave reflector 7 is designed into an oblate ellipsoid, and the curvature radius is-350 mm; according to calculation, the caliber of a light spot incident to the concave lens group 6 needs to reach 55mm, so that the ideal distance between the concave lens group 6 and the convex lens 3 is determined to be 800 mm; the size of the focal spot at the focal point (F) is detected to ensure that the light rays incident on the concave reflecting mirror 7 return along the original path, and the optimal distance between the concave lens group 6 and the concave reflecting mirror 7 is 170 mm.
Experiments show that after the chromatic aberration is corrected by using the device disclosed by the invention, the chromatic aberration of the SG II-5PW system is perfectly compensated: the diameter of a terminal focusing focal spot is reduced to 5 microns from 50 microns before compensation, and the phase difference between waves of 780nm and 830nm is reduced to 0.01 lambda from 8 lambda before compensation, so that the requirement of the focusing power density of a system can be met.
The above-mentioned embodiments further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The dynamic chromatic aberration compensation device for the broadband laser system is characterized in that: the polarization beam splitter comprises a first half wave plate (1), a polarization beam splitter prism (2), a first quarter wave plate (3), a convex lens (4), a spatial filter (5), a concave lens group (6), a concave mirror (7), a first two-dimensional translation stage (8) for placing the concave lens group (6), a second two-dimensional translation stage (9) for placing the concave mirror (7), a second quarter wave plate (10), a plane mirror (11) and a second half wave plate (12); the convex lens (4), the concave lens group (6) and the concave reflector (7) form a confocal system;
incident plane light is converted into P polarized light through the first half-wave plate (1), is vertically incident to the first quarter-wave plate (3) after being reflected by the polarization beam splitter (2), is transmitted by the first quarter-wave plate (3), is converged at a focus (F) of a confocal system through the convex lens (4), is incident to the concave lens group (6) after being filtered by the spatial filter (5), is transmitted by the concave lens group (6), is diverged to be incident to the concave reflecting mirror (7), is reflected by the concave reflecting mirror (7), returns along an original path, is recovered into plane light through the concave lens group (6), the spatial filter (5) and the convex lens (4) in sequence, is converted into S polarized light after being transmitted by the first quarter-wave plate (3), and is vertically incident to the plane reflecting mirror (11) after being transmitted by the polarization beam splitter (2) through the second quarter-wave plate (10), the light is reflected by the plane reflector (11) and returns along the original path, and is changed into P polarized light again after passing through the second quarter-wave plate (10), and is transmitted through the second half-wave plate (12) after being reflected by the polarization beam splitter (2) for 90 degrees.
2. The chromatic aberration dynamic compensation device of a broadband laser system according to claim 1, wherein the chromatic aberration dynamic compensation is realized by adjusting the relative distances among the concave lens group (6), the concave reflector (7) and the convex lens (4).
3. The chromatic aberration dynamic compensation device of a broadband laser system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first half-wave plate (1), the second half-wave plate (12), the first quarter-wave plate (3) and the second quarter-wave plate (10) select the zero-order wave plate or the achromatic wave plate of the corresponding waveband according to the actual incident light source.
4. The chromatic aberration dynamic compensation device of broadband laser system according to claim 1, characterized in that the concave lens group (6) adopts a single lens design, or adopts a double concave lens or a multi-concave lens combination form, and broadband antireflection coatings can be coated on the front and back surfaces of the concave lens according to the incident light source condition.
5. The chromatic aberration dynamic compensation device of a broadband laser system according to claim 1, characterized in that the concave lens group (6) and the concave reflector (7) are designed to be spherical or aspherical according to actual system requirements.
6. The chromatic aberration dynamic compensation device of a broadband laser system according to claim 1, characterized in that the spatial filter (5) is used for spatial filtering and preventing air breakdown near the focus, and when the system power is low, the cavity of the spatial filter (5) can be removed and only a small filtering hole is reserved.
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| CN112630983A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-09 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Laser system, laser-induced damage testing system and method |
| CN112903123B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Method and device for measuring single signal-to-noise ratio boost degree of plasma mirror based on synchronous chirp probe pulse |
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