CN109403325B - Large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersed multi-open caisson foundation and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersed multi-open caisson foundation and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109403325B CN109403325B CN201811261422.9A CN201811261422A CN109403325B CN 109403325 B CN109403325 B CN 109403325B CN 201811261422 A CN201811261422 A CN 201811261422A CN 109403325 B CN109403325 B CN 109403325B
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/18—Placing by vibrating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
- E02D13/08—Removing obstacles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersed multi-open caisson foundation, which comprises a plurality of open caisson units, wherein each open caisson unit is vertically arranged and comprises a steel-concrete combined cylinder, a prefabricated cover plate and a bearing platform, the steel-concrete combined cylinder comprises a combined cylinder and wall concrete, the combined cylinder comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and wall concrete, the lower end of the inner cylinder is bent towards the lower end of the outer cylinder and is contacted with the lower end of the outer cylinder, so that open caisson cutting edges are formed at the lower end of the steel-concrete combined cylinder together, and a circle of material at the lower part of the inner cylinder protrudes towards the inner part of the inner cylinder to form shear tenons; the prefabricated cover plate is placed on the upper part of the steel-concrete combined cylinder; the bearing platform is arranged on the prefabricated cover plate; the lower part of the inner cylinder forms a back cover by pouring concrete. The invention adopts a plurality of open caisson units to be combined together in a dispersing way, has good integrity, high lateral rigidity and high bearing capacity, can adopt various arrangement modes according to the upper structural form to be supported, is flexible to arrange and can adapt to the upper structural form.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bridge foundation engineering, and in particular relates to a large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersed multi-open caisson foundation and a construction method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of national economy, traffic construction demands are increased, more and more large bridges are being built and prepared for building at home and abroad, and along with the appearance of sea-crossing bridges, bridge spans are larger and larger. The construction cost of the foundation structure at the lower part of the bridge generally accounts for 30% of the investment of the whole bridge, and is an important factor affecting the economy of the bridge.
At present, a plurality of long and large bridges are built on large rivers with deep water and urgent flow or on the sea with severe environments, and the problems of deeper water depth, great scouring, thick covering layer and the like are often encountered, so that the bridge construction is very unfavorable, and the difficulty of foundation construction is also greater. The existing large-diameter bored pile foundation or open caisson foundation is applied to inland and marine environments with deeper water depth, larger scouring and thick covering layer, and mainly has the following problems:
1) The high pile cap bored pile foundation has large free length and low lateral rigidity, and under the action of horizontal forces such as water flow force, wave force, anti-collision force and the like of a large-span bridge, a large-scale large-diameter high pile cap foundation is often needed, and the high pile cap foundation has large scale, long construction period and poor economic benefit.
2) The integral open caisson foundation has good integrity and large bearing capacity, but needs the procedures of floating, accurate positioning, mud suction sinking and the like of the steel open caisson, has multiple construction procedures, long period and high construction risk, and is greatly influenced by wave flow force in a marine environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at a series of problems of the existing large-diameter bored pile foundation or open caisson foundation, which are required to be faced by application in the inland and ocean environments with deeper water depth, larger scouring and thicker coverage layers, the invention provides a bridge deepwater foundation form with high bearing capacity, good economy and high construction speed, which can be applied to the inland and ocean environments with deep water and thick coverage, can not only meet the stress of a bridge foundation structure, but also has better economical efficiency and practicability than the deepwater foundation form commonly used at present.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersion type multi-open caisson foundation, characterized by comprising a plurality of open caisson units, each of which is vertically disposed and comprises a steel-concrete combined cylinder, a prefabricated cover plate and a cap, wherein,
The steel-concrete combined cylinder comprises a combined cylinder and a well wall concrete, the combined cylinder comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, a gap exists between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the well wall concrete is filled in the gap, the lower end of the inner cylinder is bent towards the lower end of the outer cylinder, so that the lower ends of the steel-concrete combined cylinder jointly form a sunk well cutting edge, a sunk well unit is sunk to a designed elevation, and a circle of material at the lower part of the inner cylinder protrudes towards the inner cylinder to form a shear tenon;
the prefabricated cover plate is placed on the upper part of the steel-concrete combined cylinder, so that the upper part of the steel-concrete combined cylinder is sealed;
The bearing platform is arranged on the prefabricated cover plate and used for bearing an upper structure, wherein the upper structure is a bridge tower or a bridge pier;
The lower part of the inner cylinder forms a back cover by pouring concrete.
Preferably, the number of the open caisson units is two, the open caisson units are arranged side by side, and the upper part of the side wall of the steel-concrete combined cylinder of each open caisson unit is provided with a step on the inner wall in a manner of thinning the wall thickness so as to be used for receiving the prefabricated cover plate.
Preferably, the number of the open caisson units is four, the open caisson units are arranged in a rectangular shape, two adjacent open caisson units are connected together through tie beams, and the upper part of the side wall of the steel-concrete combined cylinder of each open caisson unit is provided with a step on the inner wall in a manner of thinning the wall thickness so as to be used for receiving the prefabricated cover plate.
Preferably, the positions of these open caisson units are arranged in the following manner: taking one open caisson unit as a center, and circumferentially and uniformly arranging other open caisson units around the central open caisson unit; furthermore, the steel-concrete combination cylinders of these caisson units together receive one of the prefabricated cover plates.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder is 8 m-30 m.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is also provided a construction method of the large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersion type multi-open caisson foundation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are integrally assembled and prefabricated in a dock to form a combined cylinder, the combined cylinder is then floated to a bridge site, the combined cylinder is sunk and positioned by a crane ship, and then a plurality of vibrating hammers are adopted to vibrate and sink the combined cylinder to a designed elevation;
2) Pouring well wall concrete between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the combined cylinder through a water-borne concrete ship;
3) Taking out the soil in the open caisson unit to a designed elevation;
4) Removing slag at the bottom of the open caisson unit, and pouring underwater concrete by adopting a vertical conduit method to form the bottom sealing;
5) And paving a prefabricated cover plate on the steel-concrete combined cylinder, and then casting in situ to form a bearing platform.
Preferably, in the step 3), the underwater grab bucket, the hydraulic mechanical suction dredge, the hydraulic impact suction dredge, the drilling suction dredge or the flushing suction dredge can be adopted according to different geological conditions.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, enable the following beneficial effects to be obtained:
1) The invention adopts a plurality of open caisson units to be combined together in a dispersing way, has good integrity, large lateral rigidity and high bearing capacity, can adopt various arrangement modes according to the upper structural form to be supported, has flexible arrangement and can adapt to the upper structural form.
2) The sunk well unit adopts a combined cylinder structure with a middle hole and no bottom, can be integrally assembled and prefabricated in a dock according to the depth of water at the bridge site, geological data and structural requirements, is then floating to the bridge site through a ship, is then sunk and positioned by a crane ship, and adopts a plurality of vibrating hammers to shake and sink the cylinder to the designed elevation, so that the construction operation is mechanized and automatic;
3) And concrete is filled between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the combined cylinder to form a steel-concrete combined cylinder, so that the overall rigidity and the local rigidity of the open caisson unit are increased.
4) The invention provides another economic and reasonable deep water foundation form for bridge designers in the bridge field, and has the advantages of high bearing capacity, small foundation scale, low construction cost, high construction efficiency, good safety, easily controlled quality, low construction risk, high construction speed, short construction period, low construction cost and good economic benefit.
5) Compared with a pile foundation, the open caisson foundation has the advantages of high rigidity, less concrete volume, strong ship collision resistance and no need of large-scale temporary construction auxiliary facilities such as jackets and the like; compared with the integral large open caisson, the open caisson foundation has the advantages of small size, material saving, convenient and reliable construction, convenient processing, hoisting and transportation, greatly reduced influence of wave flow force in the bridge site installation and construction period (relatively reduced basic size and relatively small wave flow force), reduced construction difficulty and reduced construction risk.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a double-barrel open caisson foundation formed of two open caisson units;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a four-cylinder caisson foundation formed from four caisson units;
FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a multi-drum enclosed caisson foundation formed from a plurality of caisson units;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a multi-cartridge distribution;
fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in fig. 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Referring to the drawings, the invention provides a large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder 21 dispersed multi-open caisson foundation, which comprises a plurality of open caisson units 1, wherein each open caisson unit 1 is vertically arranged and comprises a steel-concrete combined cylinder 2, a prefabricated cover plate 3 and a bearing platform 4,
The steel-concrete combined cylinder 2 comprises a combined cylinder 21 and a well wall concrete 22, the combined cylinder 21 comprises an outer cylinder 211 and an inner cylinder 212, a gap exists between the outer cylinder 211 and the inner cylinder 212, the well wall concrete 22 is filled in the gap, the lower end of the inner cylinder 212 is bent towards the lower end of the outer cylinder 211, so that the lower ends of the steel-concrete combined cylinder 2 jointly form a sunk well cutting edge 23, the sunk well unit 1 is sunk to a designed elevation, a circle of material at the lower part of the inner cylinder 212 protrudes towards the inner cylinder 212 to form a shear tenon 24, and the shear tenon 24 can increase the connection performance of concrete of a sunk well and a sealing bottom 6 and increase the shear strength of the sunk well unit.
The prefabricated cover plate 3 is placed on the upper part of the reinforced concrete combined cylinder 2, so that the upper part of the reinforced concrete combined cylinder 2 is sealed;
the bearing platform 4 is arranged on the prefabricated cover plate 3 and is used for bearing an upper structure 5, wherein the upper structure 5 is a bridge tower or a bridge pier;
the lower portion of the inner cylinder 212 forms the back cover 6 by casting concrete.
Further, the number of the open caisson units 1 is two, which are arranged side by side, and the upper part of the side wall of the steel-concrete combined cylinder 2 of each open caisson unit 1 is provided with a step 25 on the inner wall in a manner of thinning the wall thickness for receiving the prefabricated cover plate 3. Two open caisson units 1 are used, so that the open caisson unit is applicable to double-column type bridge towers or pier foundations and is correspondingly arranged with pier columns.
Further, the number of the open caisson units 1 is four and they are arranged in a rectangular shape, two adjacent open caisson units 1 are connected together by tie beams, and the upper part of the side wall of the steel-concrete combined cylinder 2 of each open caisson unit 1 is formed with a step 25 on the inner wall in a manner of thinning the wall thickness for receiving the prefabricated cover plate 3. The rectangular four bridge towers are adopted, so that the rectangular bridge towers can be suitable for four-column bridge tower foundations and are arranged corresponding to pier columns.
Further, the positions of these open caisson units 1 are arranged in the following manner: taking one open caisson unit 1 as a center, and circumferentially and uniformly arranging other open caisson units 1 around the central open caisson unit 1; furthermore, the steel-concrete cylinders 2 of the caisson units 1 together receive one of the prefabricated cover plates 3. Thus, a plurality of pylons or piers are received by a large prefabricated deck 3, which is arranged to connect four individual foundations together, improving the overall performance of the foundation.
Further, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 212 is 8m to 30m, so that a large-diameter open caisson can be formed.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a construction method of the large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder 21 dispersion type multi-open caisson foundation, comprising the steps of:
1) The outer cylinder 211 and the inner cylinder 212 are integrally assembled and prefabricated in a dock to form a combined cylinder 21, the combined cylinder 21 is then floated to a bridge site, the combined cylinder 21 is sunk and positioned by a crane ship, and then the combined cylinder 21 is vibrated and sunk to a designed elevation by a plurality of vibrating hammers;
2) Casting the well wall concrete 22 between the outer cylinder 211 and the inner cylinder 212 of the combined cylinder 21 through a water-borne concrete ship;
3) Taking out the soil in the open caisson unit 1 to a designed elevation;
4) Removing slag at the bottom of the open caisson unit 1, and pouring underwater concrete by adopting a vertical conduit method to form the bottom sealing 6;
5) And paving a prefabricated cover plate 3 on the steel-concrete combined cylinder 2, and then casting in situ to form a bearing platform 4.
Further, in the step 3), according to different geological conditions, underwater grab bucket, hydraulic mechanical suction and soil digging, hydraulic impact suction and soil digging, drilling suction and soil taking or flushing suction and soil taking can be adopted.
The invention adopts a plurality of open caisson units 1 to be combined together in a dispersing way, has good integrity, large lateral rigidity and high bearing capacity, and can adopt various arrangement modes for the reinforced concrete combined cylinder 21 according to the form of the upper structure 5 to be supported. In addition, the concrete is filled between the inner and outer cylinders 211 of the combined cylinder 21 to form the reinforced concrete combined cylinder 2, and the overall rigidity and the local rigidity of the open caisson unit 1 are increased, because the local rigidity is increased, and the rigidity of the entire foundation is increased after the concrete is filled between the outer cylinder 211 and the inner cylinder 212.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A construction method of a large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersed multi-open caisson foundation is characterized by comprising a plurality of open caisson units, wherein each open caisson unit is vertically arranged and comprises a steel-concrete combined cylinder, a prefabricated cover plate and a bearing platform,
The steel-concrete combined cylinder comprises a combined cylinder and a well wall concrete, the combined cylinder comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, a gap exists between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the well wall concrete is filled in the gap, the lower end of the inner cylinder is bent towards the lower end of the outer cylinder, so that the lower ends of the steel-concrete combined cylinder jointly form a sunk well cutting edge, a sunk well unit is sunk to a designed elevation, and a circle of material at the lower part of the inner cylinder protrudes towards the inner cylinder to form a shear tenon;
the prefabricated cover plate is placed on the upper part of the steel-concrete combined cylinder, so that the upper part of the steel-concrete combined cylinder is sealed;
The bearing platform is arranged on the prefabricated cover plate and used for bearing an upper structure, wherein the upper structure is a bridge tower or a bridge pier;
The lower part of the inner cylinder forms a back cover by pouring concrete;
The number of the open caisson units is two, the open caisson units are arranged side by side, and steps are formed on the inner wall of the upper part of the side wall of the steel-concrete combined cylinder of each open caisson unit in a wall thickness thinning mode and are used for receiving the prefabricated cover plates; or alternatively
The number of the open caisson units is four, the open caisson units are arranged in a rectangular shape, two adjacent open caisson units are connected together through a tie beam, and the upper part of the side wall of the steel-concrete combined cylinder of each open caisson unit is provided with a step on the inner wall in a manner of thinning the wall thickness so as to be used for receiving the prefabricated cover plate; or alternatively
The positions of these open caisson units are arranged in the following manner: taking one open caisson unit as a center, and circumferentially and uniformly arranging other open caisson units around the central open caisson unit; in addition, the steel-concrete combination cylinders of the open caisson units jointly receive one prefabricated cover plate;
the construction method of the large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersed multi-open caisson foundation comprises the following steps:
1) The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are integrally assembled and prefabricated in a dock to form a combined cylinder, the combined cylinder is then floated to a bridge site, the combined cylinder is sunk and positioned by a crane ship, and then a plurality of vibrating hammers are adopted to vibrate and sink the combined cylinder to a designed elevation;
2) Pouring well wall concrete between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the combined cylinder through a water-borne concrete ship;
3) Taking out the soil in the open caisson unit to a designed elevation;
4) Removing slag at the bottom of the open caisson unit, and pouring underwater concrete by adopting a vertical conduit method to form the bottom sealing;
5) And paving a prefabricated cover plate on the steel-concrete combined cylinder, and then casting in situ to form a bearing platform.
2. The construction method of the large-diameter reinforced concrete combined cylinder dispersed multi-open caisson foundation according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), underwater grab bucket soil grabbing, hydraulic mechanical soil sucking and dredging, hydraulic impact soil sucking and dredging, drilling and sucking soil sucking and dredging or flushing and sucking soil sucking are adopted according to different geological conditions.
3. The construction method of the large-diameter reinforced concrete combined cylinder dispersion type multi-open caisson foundation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner diameter of the inner cylinder is 8-30 m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811261422.9A CN109403325B (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2018-10-26 | Large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersed multi-open caisson foundation and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811261422.9A CN109403325B (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2018-10-26 | Large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersed multi-open caisson foundation and construction method thereof |
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| CN109403325A CN109403325A (en) | 2019-03-01 |
| CN109403325B true CN109403325B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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| CN110878558A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-13 | 中国水利水电第八工程局有限公司 | Large open caisson modular construction method |
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| CN101003974A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2007-07-25 | 中铁大桥局股份有限公司 | Method for constructing groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water |
| CN103195073A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-07-10 | 东南大学 | Anchorage foundation for suspension bridge |
| CN103510531A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-15 | 中交公路长大桥建设国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Split type open caisson pile-added combined anchorage foundation and construction method thereof |
| CN105088957A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-25 | 中铁港航局集团有限公司 | Construction method for underwater reinforced concrete composite pile of cast-in-situ support of concrete ballast box beam of cable-stayed bridge |
| CN209162824U (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-07-26 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | The more well foundations of major diameter steel reinforced concrete combinatorial cylinders distributing |
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2018
- 2018-10-26 CN CN201811261422.9A patent/CN109403325B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101003974A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2007-07-25 | 中铁大桥局股份有限公司 | Method for constructing groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water |
| CN103195073A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-07-10 | 东南大学 | Anchorage foundation for suspension bridge |
| CN103510531A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-15 | 中交公路长大桥建设国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Split type open caisson pile-added combined anchorage foundation and construction method thereof |
| CN105088957A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-25 | 中铁港航局集团有限公司 | Construction method for underwater reinforced concrete composite pile of cast-in-situ support of concrete ballast box beam of cable-stayed bridge |
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