CN109397803A - 新型透气除臭抗菌垫 - Google Patents

新型透气除臭抗菌垫 Download PDF

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CN109397803A
CN109397803A CN201811052285.8A CN201811052285A CN109397803A CN 109397803 A CN109397803 A CN 109397803A CN 201811052285 A CN201811052285 A CN 201811052285A CN 109397803 A CN109397803 A CN 109397803A
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layer
parts
silver
zirconium phosphate
anion
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赖晨曦
邹强
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

本发明属于防菌垫领域,具体涉及一种新型透气除臭抗菌垫,自下而上包括基布层、记忆海绵层、气孔层、记忆海绵层、负离子层、以及甲壳素纤维层;所述的负离子层由经线、纬线制造而成,所述经线、纬线相交处的凹陷面内设有负离子微胶囊;所述的负离子微胶囊包括下述重量份组份:芯材:抗菌负离子粉50‑45份,乳化剂25‑50份;壁材:脲醛树脂35‑45份。本发明提供的新型透气除臭抗菌垫具有良好的透气性、散热性、持久的抗菌抑菌功能以及除臭功能,同时,该垫的制作材料也应对人体无害、对皮肤无刺激性。

Description

新型透气除臭抗菌垫
技术领域
本发明属于除菌垫领域,具体涉及一种新型透气除臭抗菌垫。
背景技术
近年来,随着人们对美好生活的需要与技术的不断提升,出现了抗静电垫、增高垫、防水垫等功能垫。但目前市场上的常规垫大多数存在透气性不佳等缺点。如果垫子的透气性能与散热性能较差,容易导致滋生大量的细菌。因此,为了使使用者提供更加舒适的体验,需要使垫子具有良好的透气性、散热性、持久的抗菌抑菌功能以及除臭功能,同时,垫子的制作材料也应对人体无害、对皮肤无刺激性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型透气除臭抗菌垫。
本发明为实现上述目的,采用以下技术方案:
一种新型透气除臭抗菌垫,自下而上包括基布层、记忆海绵层、气孔层、记忆海绵层、负离子层、以及甲壳素纤维层;
所述的负离子层由经线、纬线制造而成,所述经线、纬线相交处的凹陷面内设有负离子微胶囊;所述的负离子微胶囊包括下述重量份组份:
芯材:抗菌负离子粉45-50份,乳化剂25-50份;
壁材:脲醛树脂35-45份。
所述的抗菌负离子粉包括下述重量份组份:纳米级二氧化钛3份、硅藻土16份、电气石粉10份、竹炭粉5份。
所述的负离子微胶囊采用下述方式制备:
1)所述脲醛树脂由尿素和甲醛按摩尔比1:2合成;将尿素和甲醛溶液混合,按搅拌溶解后,调节pH至8,在65度下反应1h得到透明粘稠的脲醛树脂预聚体;
2)囊芯乳化液的合成:将抗菌负离子粉加入到乳化剂水溶液中,加热至45℃度搅拌,并用高剪切分散乳化机在5000-15000r/min的转速下进行乳化,得到囊芯乳化液;各组分质量比例为5份抗菌负离子粉、30份水、0.5份乳化剂;
3)将制成的脲醛树脂预聚体与囊芯乳化液混合:使脲醛树脂预聚体溶解于乳化液的分散介质水中保持温度50-60℃,搅拌,滴加冰醋酸溶液溶液调节PH=4时,在氮气保护下,开始加热升温;当pH达到2.8-3.0时温度同时上升到70度,在氮气保护下,保温0.5-1h;再滴加冰醋酸溶液至pH为2.0,保温1h,用三乙醇胺调节pH到6-8;自然降温,静置分层,去掉上层清液,将沉淀物抽滤干燥得到可得负离子微胶囊。
所述乳化剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、聚乙烯醇、或者聚丙烯酸钠中的一种。
所述的基布层为纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层。
所述的纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层采用下述方式制备:
1)纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂的制备:a)将磷酸锆粉体与多巯基化合物分散于有机溶剂中,在室温下密闭超声分散0.5~2小时;b)加入硝酸银,500r/min搅拌12-15小时;其中,所述的磷酸锆粉体、多巯基化合物和硝酸银的质量比为100∶1~6∶8~20;c)利用喷雾干燥的方式去除有机溶剂;d)将获得的粉体置于800℃-1000℃温度煅烧3-4个小时,得到纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂;
2)纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层的制备:a):按照上述步骤获得纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂后,将纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂与聚酰胺树脂经双螺杆造粒机造粒,获得具有抗菌功能的聚酰胺母粒,所述的抗菌功能聚酰胺母粒中载银磷酸锆的质量百分比为10%~20%;b)将抗菌聚酰胺母粒和聚酰胺树脂按质量比50∶100经熔融纺丝制备出纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层。
所述的多巯基化合物为二巯基乙酸乙二醇酯、1,3-二巯基丙烷、季戊四醇四巯基乙酸酯和季戊四醇四-3-巯基丙酸酯等的一种或几种;所述的有机溶剂为乙醇、丙酮的一种。
所述的气孔层上开设多个直径为1.5mm的小气孔,用于空气流通。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)抗菌、抑菌性:基布层所含纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂具有抗菌抑菌的作用,可对多类细菌进行高效广谱的杀灭和去除;负离子层中的微胶囊慢慢释放负离子,起到有效杀菌的作用;与使用者直接接触的甲壳素纤维层,具有抗感染、抗菌功能,有效抑制细菌的滋生。
(2)透气性:记忆海绵层-气孔层-记忆海绵层的“三明治结构”有效提高了垫的透气性能。记忆海绵的通透泡孔结构,保证了人体皮肤需要的透气性,同时记忆海绵层(2)为气孔层提供了排气通道,保证了垫子的空气流通。
(3)散热性:由于甲壳素具有很强的吸湿性,汗液被甲壳素纤维层吸收并通过记忆海绵层、透气层向外层扩散、蒸发。
(4)除臭性:微胶囊释放出的负离子,起到杀菌、除臭、净化空气的作用;位于负离子层上方的甲壳素纤维层也具有抗感染、抗菌、除臭的功能。
(5)亲肤性:与皮肤直接接触的甲壳素纤维对人体无毒无刺激,可被人体内的溶菌酶分解而吸收,与人体组织有良好的生物相容性。同时,本申请的新型垫采用的材料对皮肤无刺激性。
(6)减震性:本申请的新型垫采用的记忆海绵层不仅具有良好的透气性还具有吸收冲击力、减少震动、低反弹力释放的作用,因而有效提高了垫的减震性能。
(7)耐磨性:特别是纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂能持久地与高分子材料相结合,化学稳定性好,在较宽的PH范围内化学稳定,能经受表面活性剂多次洗涤,其抗菌力不下降。聚酰胺具有无毒、质轻、耐磨等特性,提高了垫的耐磨性。
附图说明
图1为本发明新型透气除臭抗菌垫的整体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合附图和最佳实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
图1示出一种新型透气除臭抗菌垫,自下而上包括基布层1、记忆海绵层2、气孔层3、记忆海绵层4、负离子层5、以及甲壳素纤维层6;所述的负离子层由经线、纬线制造而成,所述经线、纬线相交处的凹陷面内设有负离子微胶囊;所述的负离子微胶囊包括下述重量份组份:
实施例1:芯材:抗菌负离子粉48份,乳化剂35份;壁材:脲醛树脂40份。所述的抗菌负离子粉包括下述重量份组份:纳米级二氧化钛3份、硅藻土16份、电气石粉10份、竹炭粉5份。
所述的负离子微胶囊采用下述方式制备:
1)所述脲醛树脂由尿素和甲醛按摩尔比1:2合成;将尿素和甲醛溶液混合,按搅拌溶解后,调节pH至8,在65度下反应1h得到透明粘稠的脲醛树脂预聚体;
2)囊芯乳化液的合成:将抗菌负离子粉加入到乳化剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠的水溶液中,加热至45℃度搅拌,并用高剪切分散乳化机在5000-15000r/min的转速下进行乳化,得到囊芯乳化液;各组分质量比例为5份抗菌负离子粉、30份水、0.5份乳化剂;
3)将制成的脲醛树脂预聚体与囊芯乳化液混合:使脲醛树脂预聚体溶解于乳化液的分散介质水中保持温度50-60℃,搅拌,滴加冰醋酸溶液溶液调节PH=4时,在氮气保护下,开始加热升温;当pH达到2.8-3.0时温度同时上升到70度,在氮气保护下,保温0.5-1h;再滴加冰醋酸溶液至pH为2.0,保温1h,用三乙醇胺调节pH到6-8;自然降温,静置分层,去掉上层清液,将沉淀物抽滤干燥得到可得负离子微胶囊。
所述的基布层为纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层。
所述的纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层采用下述方式制备:
1)纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂的制备:a)将磷酸锆粉体与多巯基化合物二巯基乙酸乙二醇酯分散于有机溶剂乙醇中,在室温下密闭超声分散0.5~2小时;b)加入硝酸银,500r/min搅拌12-15小时;其中,所述的磷酸锆粉体、多巯基化合物和硝酸银的质量比为100∶3∶15;c)利用喷雾干燥的方式去除有机溶剂;d)将获得的粉体置于800℃-1000℃温度煅烧3-4个小时,得到纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂;
2)纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层的制备:a):按照上述步骤获得纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂后,将纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂与聚酰胺树脂经双螺杆造粒机造粒,获得具有抗菌功能的聚酰胺母粒,所述的抗菌功能聚酰胺母粒中载银磷酸锆的质量百分比为15%;b)将抗菌聚酰胺母粒和聚酰胺树脂按质量比50∶100经熔融纺丝制备出纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层。
所述的气孔层上开设多个直径为1.5mm的小气孔,用于空气流通。
实施例2:芯材:抗菌负离子粉45份,乳化剂25份;壁材:脲醛树脂35份。
所述的抗菌负离子粉包括下述重量份组份:纳米级二氧化钛3份、硅藻土16份、电气石粉10份、竹炭粉5份。
所述的负离子微胶囊采用下述方式制备:
1)所述脲醛树脂由尿素和甲醛按摩尔比1:2合成;将尿素和甲醛溶液混合,按搅拌溶解后,调节pH至8,在65度下反应1h得到透明粘稠的脲醛树脂预聚体;
2)囊芯乳化液的合成:将抗菌负离子粉加入到乳化剂聚乙烯醇水溶液中,加热至45℃度搅拌,并用高剪切分散乳化机在5000-15000r/min的转速下进行乳化,得到囊芯乳化液;各组分质量比例为5份抗菌负离子粉、30份水、0.5份乳化剂;
3)将制成的脲醛树脂预聚体与囊芯乳化液混合:使脲醛树脂预聚体溶解于乳化液的分散介质水中保持温度50-60℃,搅拌,滴加冰醋酸溶液溶液调节PH=4时,在氮气保护下,开始加热升温;当pH达到2.8-3.0时温度同时上升到70度,在氮气保护下,保温0.5-1h;再滴加冰醋酸溶液至pH为2.0,保温1h,用三乙醇胺调节pH到6-8;自然降温,静置分层,去掉上层清液,将沉淀物抽滤干燥得到可得负离子微胶囊。
所述的基布层为纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层。
所述的纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层采用下述方式制备:
1)纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂的制备:a)将磷酸锆粉体与多巯基化合物分散于有机溶剂中,在室温下密闭超声分散0.5~2小时;b)加入硝酸银,500r/min搅拌12-15小时;其中,所述的磷酸锆粉体、多巯基化合物和硝酸银的质量比为100∶1∶8;c)利用喷雾干燥的方式去除有机溶剂;d)将获得的粉体置于800℃-1000℃温度煅烧3-4个小时,得到纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂;
2)纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层的制备:a):按照上述步骤获得纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂后,将纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂与聚酰胺树脂经双螺杆造粒机造粒,获得具有抗菌功能的聚酰胺母粒,所述的抗菌功能聚酰胺母粒中载银磷酸锆的质量百分比为10%;b)将抗菌聚酰胺母粒和聚酰胺树脂按质量比50∶100经熔融纺丝制备出纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层。
实施例3:芯材:抗菌负离子粉50份,乳化剂50份;壁材:脲醛树脂45份。
所述的抗菌负离子粉包括下述重量份组份:纳米级二氧化钛3份、硅藻土16份、电气石粉10份、竹炭粉5份。
所述的负离子微胶囊采用下述方式制备:
1)所述脲醛树脂由尿素和甲醛按摩尔比1:2合成;将尿素和甲醛溶液混合,按搅拌溶解后,调节pH至8,在65度下反应1h得到透明粘稠的脲醛树脂预聚体;
2)囊芯乳化液的合成:将抗菌负离子粉加入到乳化剂水溶液中,加热至45℃度搅拌,并用高剪切分散乳化机在5000-15000r/min的转速下进行乳化,得到囊芯乳化液;各组分质量比例为5份抗菌负离子粉、30份水、0.5份乳化剂;
3)将制成的脲醛树脂预聚体与囊芯乳化液混合:使脲醛树脂预聚体溶解于乳化液的分散介质水中保持温度50-60℃,搅拌,滴加冰醋酸溶液溶液调节PH=4时,在氮气保护下,开始加热升温;当pH达到2.8-3.0时温度同时上升到70度,在氮气保护下,保温0.5-1h;再滴加冰醋酸溶液至pH为2.0,保温1h,用三乙醇胺调节pH到6-8;自然降温,静置分层,去掉上层清液,将沉淀物抽滤干燥得到可得负离子微胶囊。
所述乳化剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、聚乙烯醇、或者聚丙烯酸钠中的一种。
所述的基布层为纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层。
所述的纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层采用下述方式制备:
1)纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂的制备:a)将磷酸锆粉体与多巯基化合物分散于有机溶剂中,在室温下密闭超声分散0.5~2小时;b)加入硝酸银,500r/min搅拌12-15小时;其中,所述的磷酸锆粉体、多巯基化合物和硝酸银的质量比为100∶6∶20;c)利用喷雾干燥的方式去除有机溶剂;d)将获得的粉体置于800℃-1000℃温度煅烧3-4个小时,得到纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂;
2)纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层的制备:a):按照上述步骤获得纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂后,将纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂与聚酰胺树脂经双螺杆造粒机造粒,获得具有抗菌功能的聚酰胺母粒,所述的抗菌功能聚酰胺母粒中载银磷酸锆的质量百分比为20%;b)将抗菌聚酰胺母粒和聚酰胺树脂按质量比50∶100经熔融纺丝制备出纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种新型透气除臭抗菌垫,其特征在于,自下而上包括基布层、记忆海绵层、气孔层、记忆海绵层、负离子层、以及甲壳素纤维层;
所述的负离子层由经线、纬线制造而成,所述经线、纬线相交处的凹陷面内设有负离子微胶囊;所述的负离子微胶囊包括下述重量份组份:
芯材:抗菌负离子粉45-50份,乳化剂25-50份;
壁材:脲醛树脂35-45份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新型透气除臭抗菌垫,其特征在于,所述的抗菌负离子粉包括下述重量份组份:纳米级二氧化钛3份、硅藻土16份、电气石粉10份、竹炭粉5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的新型透气除臭抗菌垫,其特征在于,所述的负离子微胶囊采用下述方式制备:
1)所述脲醛树脂由尿素和甲醛按摩尔比1:2合成;将尿素和甲醛溶液混合,按搅拌溶解后,调节pH至8,在65度下反应1h得到透明粘稠的脲醛树脂预聚体;
2)囊芯乳化液的合成:将抗菌负离子粉加入到乳化剂水溶液中,加热至45℃度搅拌,并用高剪切分散乳化机在5000-15000r/min的转速下进行乳化,得到囊芯乳化液;各组分质量比例为5份抗菌负离子粉、30份水、0.5份乳化剂;
3)将制成的脲醛树脂预聚体与囊芯乳化液混合:使脲醛树脂预聚体溶解于乳化液的分散介质水中保持温度50-60℃,搅拌,滴加冰醋酸溶液溶液调节PH=4时,在氮气保护下,开始加热升温;当pH达到2.8-3.0时温度同时上升到70度,在氮气保护下,保温0.5-1h;再滴加冰醋酸溶液至pH为2.0,保温1h,用三乙醇胺调节pH到6-8;自然降温,静置分层,去掉上层清液,将沉淀物抽滤干燥得到可得负离子微胶囊。
4.根据权利要求3所述的新型透气除臭抗菌垫,其特征在于,所述乳化剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、聚乙烯醇、或者聚丙烯酸钠中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的新型透气除臭抗菌垫,其特征在于,所述的基布层为纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的新型透气除臭抗菌垫,其特征在于,所述的纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层采用下述方式制备:
1)纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂的制备:a)将磷酸锆粉体与多巯基化合物分散于有机溶剂中,在室温下密闭超声分散0.5~2小时;b)加入硝酸银,500r/min搅拌12-15小时;其中,所述的磷酸锆粉体、多巯基化合物和硝酸银的质量比为100∶1~6∶8~20;c)利用喷雾干燥的方式去除有机溶剂;d)将获得的粉体置于800℃-1000℃温度煅烧3-4个小时,得到纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂;
2)纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层的制备:a):按照上述步骤获得纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂后,将纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌剂与聚酰胺树脂经双螺杆造粒机造粒,获得具有抗菌功能的聚酰胺母粒,所述的抗菌功能聚酰胺母粒中载银磷酸锆的质量百分比为10%~20%;b)将抗菌聚酰胺母粒和聚酰胺树脂按质量比50∶100经熔融纺丝制备出纳米磷酸锆载银抗菌纤维层。
7.根据权利要求6所述的新型透气除臭抗菌垫,其特征在于,所述的多巯基化合物为二巯基乙酸乙二醇酯、1,3-二巯基丙烷、季戊四醇四巯基乙酸酯和季戊四醇四-3-巯基丙酸酯等的一种或几种;所述的有机溶剂为乙醇、丙酮的一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的新型透气除臭抗菌垫,其特征在于,所述的气孔层上开设多个直径为1.5mm的小气孔,用于空气流通。
CN201811052285.8A 2018-09-10 2018-09-10 新型透气除臭抗菌垫 Pending CN109397803A (zh)

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