CN1093919C - 适于水下作业泵压双相流体的双螺杆泵 - Google Patents

适于水下作业泵压双相流体的双螺杆泵 Download PDF

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CN1093919C
CN1093919C CN96111899A CN96111899A CN1093919C CN 1093919 C CN1093919 C CN 1093919C CN 96111899 A CN96111899 A CN 96111899A CN 96111899 A CN96111899 A CN 96111899A CN 1093919 C CN1093919 C CN 1093919C
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pump
screw
screw rod
liquid
cylinder
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CN1149108A (zh
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瓦斯克·密泽狄米
贾彼尔托·F·阿格尔迪
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New Gear Corp
Nuovo Pignone SpA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/06—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type; Pumping installations
    • F04C11/001—Combinations of two or more machines or pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type; Pumping installations of similar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C2/16—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with helical teeth, e.g. chevron-shaped, screw type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C27/00—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C27/02—Liquid sealing for high-vacuum pumps or for compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/10—Kind or type
    • F05B2210/13—Kind or type mixed, e.g. two-phase fluid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Electromagnetic Pumps, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种双螺杆泵，在泵内垂直设置了四个锥形螺杆，并通过液流分隔器在两端输送互不相关的双相流体，而且两螺杆轴各有一个把传送腔与一系列终止于螺杆单个齿顶端部的径向通道相连接的中心轴向钻孔。文中详细叙述了一个优选的液流分隔器。

Description

适于水下作业泵压双相流体的双螺杆泵
技术领域
本发明涉及一种双螺杆泵，该泵通过在气体含量始终完全相同的泵两端吸入的方法保证输送，并保证螺杆和泵体的泵腔壁之间的密封(而且在瞬间单独泵送气相时也保证密封)来确保有效且安全地泵压双相流体即使在上述泵处于垂直位置时，也能使用，从而使其特别适用在水下作业中应用。
背景技术
众所周知，螺杆泵主要是一个回转泵，在泵内沿着由一对彼此牢固地啮合的锥形螺杆齿内形成的锥形空间并以同步运动而获得流体(一般是液体)从吸入端到输出端的强制机械运动，并且在两螺杆齿与泵体的泵腔壁之间由受离心力作用的液体自身形成的薄膜来保证密封，为了平衡由液体运动产生的轴向推力，根据一个最佳实施例采用了所谓的“双螺杆泵”，即一个带有两对彼此同轴串联连接的同步的锥形螺杆且装有反向推进器的泵。实际上，在该泵的泵体内，单一的吸入端再分成泵的两个相对端的两个输出端，因此，由于两对螺杆的螺纹相反，就形成两股向着泵的中心区域传送区且方向相反的液流，这就在轴向推力上造成一个平衡状态。
这种类型的泵一般都是水平使用，即泵的对称轴线呈水平设置，且具有高的效率，其效率随泵的结构和装配精度的提高而提高。
另一方面，这种公知的泵在泵送液体时也能直立使用，众所周知，这对泵的水下安装是最佳且最适宜的位置。
然而，目前强烈需求能有效地对双相液气混合物起泵送作用的泵，要求这种泵可在海底应用于近海油田直接采油而不使用昂贵的采油平台。
上述的双螺杆泵实际上已经能够不仅泵送液体而且泵送液一气双相混合物。
然而在这种特殊应用中，上述泵不可避免地只能呈水平安放，因为泵的垂直安放会使气液混合物由于重力原因产生明显的分离，其中混合物中的液体聚集在泵的下输送端而另一方面气体则汇集在泵的的上输送端，结果只与气体接触并得不到液体冷却的上螺杆对就会过热，导致螺杆被咬死。
此外，上述处于水平位置的普通泵决不能在单独存在气体的情况下动转，这是在油井抽油时经常会遇到的情况，如前所述由于混合物中缺少液相而不能建立由离心力形成的油膜密封而损害了和螺杆对应的自身密封，这样泵就转不起来而停止泵送工作。
所以要千方百计采取措施克服损害油膜密封的缺点，诸如采用一个可积聚所用液体来维持或建立一个液体密封的液相的液体密封发生器以提供泵的传送流体的作用，但是在存在很高真空度的情况，甚至上述方案也不能完全解决问题，所述的真空度的意思是混合物中的气体量与抽出的混合物的量之间的比率。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述的缺点从而提供一种双螺杆型的螺杆泵，这种螺杆泵能在液一气混合的双相(甚至在没有液相)的领域内，处于直立的位置良好地工作。
上述目的主要通过下述方法来达到，即泵的上、下位置两相反端或者输送嘴借助置于单一吸管和上述输送嘴之间的液流分流器单独地进行输送，并且在螺杆轴上设置中心轴向钻孔，该孔在它们与泵的输送嘴之间连接一系列终止于螺杆单一齿顶的径向通道。
这实际上保证了对泵的两个输送嘴总是供应气体含量完全相等的流体量，即使在泵处于垂  直位置时也如此。并且保证了位于输送嘴处的液体密封发生器中由螺杆轴的中心轴孔和径向通道内的传送压力推出的最小液体贮存量建立了一个还允许单独泵送气相的有效的液态密封。
简言之，双螺杆泵含有一个与各自置于两对锥形螺杆两端的两流体输送嘴相连接的流体吸管，每对螺杆是互锁的且每对螺杆轴与另一对螺杆轴呈串联同轴连接，其中，在泵腔内的螺杆借助一电动机而同步转动，而且一对螺杆轴的推进方向与另一对螺杆轴的推进方向相反，以便把来自输送嘴的液流传送到泵腔中央，此处有一个传送腔，该传送腔的嘴与一个液相的液体密封发生器相连，其特征在于，根据本发明，两对锥形螺杆处于垂直位置，借助一个液流分隔器，流体的吸管用单独的管子连接到两个流体输送嘴，而两对锥形螺杆的两个螺杆轴分别设有一个中心轴向钻孔，该轴向钻孔在它们与传送腔之间连接一系列终止在锥形螺杆单个齿尖部的径向通道。
根据本发明的一个最佳实施例，液流分隔器包含有一个水平的膨胀/分离圆筒，该圆筒的一侧与吸管连接，并在中间靠下处纵向设有一个形成一个两个对等腔室的垂直内隔板，而在圆筒的另一侧则将上述对等的腔室分别连接到泵内每个流体的输送嘴上。
这样，由吸管供应的两相混合物的气相和液相在筒内发生分离，其中气体聚集在圆筒的上部而液体聚集在圆筒的下部；在另一侧分隔板把混合物完成分成两个相等部分，这样就保证泵的输送嘴即使安置在不同的高度也能供应一成分相等的流体。
参照附图，就能更清楚说明本发明，附图所述为本发明的一个最佳实施例，该实施例仅作为说明但并不限制本发明，只要仍然在本发明范围内可以作技术或结构的变动，附图中：
附图说明
图1表示一个本发明的双螺杆泵的局部前剖视图；
图2是按图1的A-A线所取的与本发明相一致的液流分隔器的剖面图。
具体实施方式
参看附图，标号1表示基本上为圆筒形且底部被润滑油箱2封闭，顶部被电动机3封闭并可能带有减压阀的直立泵体，电动机3使两对分别地直立安置的锥形螺杆4和5在泵腔6内转动，泵腔6也是直立并与同轴安置在泵体1内的圆筒壁7相连接。上螺杆对4的锥形螺杆8和9是互锁的且上螺杆对的转轴10和11与下螺杆对5的相应转轴12和13呈串联同轴联接，该下螺杆对5的锥形螺杆14和15也是互锁的。上螺杆对4的推进方向与下螺杆对5的推进方向刚好相反(这在图1中能清楚地看到)以便分别从泵腔的上端或者说从上输送嘴16和从泵腔下端或者说从下输送嘴17向泵腔6的中央18输送这两股液流。该中央18借助位于筒壁7上的入口19和20与传送腔21相联通，而传送腔21的位于泵体1的传送嘴22则借助管23连接到一个液相的液体密封发生器24，该液体密封发生器24主要包括一个向上的液流导向管25，该导向管25保持着一个底部26的液体密封27，于是传送腔21在泵体1的泵腔6的外壁之间形成了一个与上输送嘴16相联的上腔28和一个与下输送嘴17相联的下腔9。上腔28借助位于泵体1上的入口30和导管31与一个液流分隔器33的腔室32相联通，该液流分隔器33的腔室32包括连到吸管35的水平的膨胀/分离圆筒34。在该水平的圆筒34的内部中间往下处装有一个纵向隔板36而把腔室32对等地与借助管38和位于泵体1内的入口32而与下腔29相连接的腔室37隔开。
最后，两轴对10、12和11、13各设有一中心钻孔40和41，这些中心钻孔40和41都与泵腔中央18联通，因此也就与液体密封发生器24的液体密封27相联通，另外，还设有一系列的终止于锥形螺杆单个齿尖端部的径向通道42。

Claims (2)

1.双螺杆泵，含有一个各自置于两对锥形螺杆两端的两个流体输送嘴相连接的流体吸管，每对螺杆是互锁的，且螺杆的轴与另外一对螺杆轴分别呈同轴串联地连结，其中，螺杆借助一电动机，在泵腔内同步地转动，一对螺杆的推进方向与另一对螺杆的推进方向相反以便把液流从输送嘴传送到泵腔的中央，在泵腔中央还有一个传送腔，该传送腔的传送嘴连接到一个液相的液体密封发生器上，其特征在于，两对锥形螺杆的轴线均处于一垂直位置，流体吸管用独立的导管借助一液流分隔器与两个流体输送嘴连接，并且两对锥形螺杆的各自轴上设有一个在它们与传送腔之间连接一系列终止于锥形螺杆单个齿尖端部的径向通道的中心轴向钻孔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双螺杆泵，其特征在于，液流分隔器包括一个水平的膨胀/分离圆筒，该圆筒的一侧与吸管连接，在圆筒的中间靠下处沿纵向装有一个垂直的内隔板从而形成两个相等的腔室，该两腔室在圆筒的另一侧分别与泵内的两个流体输送嘴相连接。
CN96111899A 1995-09-05 1996-09-04 适于水下作业泵压双相流体的双螺杆泵 Expired - Lifetime CN1093919C (zh)

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IT001864A/95 1995-09-05
IT95MI001864A IT1277541B1 (it) 1995-09-05 1995-09-05 Pompa a doppia vite perfezionata particolarmente adatta al pompaggio di fluidi bifase in ambiente sottomarino

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BR (1) BR9603648A (zh)
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DE (1) DE69620082T2 (zh)
DK (1) DK0761969T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2173247T3 (zh)
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DE69620082T2 (de) 2002-10-24
US5738505A (en) 1998-04-14
PT761969E (pt) 2002-08-30
NO963672D0 (no) 1996-09-03
ITMI951864A1 (it) 1997-03-05
CA2183595A1 (en) 1997-03-06
NO963672L (no) 1997-03-06
ITMI951864A0 (it) 1995-09-05
CN1149108A (zh) 1997-05-07
DK0761969T3 (da) 2002-07-22
AU708313B2 (en) 1999-07-29
JP4038740B2 (ja) 2008-01-30
NO307353B1 (no) 2000-03-20
AU6206896A (en) 1997-03-13
IT1277541B1 (it) 1997-11-11
EP0761969B1 (en) 2002-03-27
BR9603648A (pt) 1998-05-19
EP0761969A1 (en) 1997-03-12
DE69620082D1 (de) 2002-05-02
MX9603565A (es) 1997-06-28
JPH09105384A (ja) 1997-04-22
CA2183595C (en) 2006-11-28

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