CN109390980B - Nuclear power peak regulation system and method based on seawater desalination technology - Google Patents
Nuclear power peak regulation system and method based on seawater desalination technology Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
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- C01D3/04—Chlorides
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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Abstract
The invention provides a nuclear power peak regulation system and a method based on a seawater desalination technology, which are characterized in that the peak regulation system comprises: a plurality of desalination plants which are divided into a group A and a group B and work in parallel, and a plurality of chlorine plants which are divided into a group A and a group B and work in parallel, wherein each desalination plant of each group works in parallel; the desalination plants in the group A are connected with the chlorine production plants in the group A to form a first group of combined desalination plants; the desalination plants in the group B are connected with the chlorine production plants in the group B to form a second group of combined desalination plants; the desalination plant and the chlorine production plant are supplied with power by a nuclear power unit, and each desalination plant independently supplies power. The peak regulation method enables the nuclear power unit to run fully at the peak load period, one of the two groups of combined desalination plants is out of operation and production, and the two groups of combined desalination plants are put into operation at the same time at the off-peak period. By means of the water-electricity cogeneration, the requirement of the nuclear power unit for participating in peak shaving is met, the base load running time of the nuclear power unit is prolonged, the lowest running power of the nuclear power unit is improved, and the safety and the economical efficiency of nuclear power running are further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power operation control and peak shaving, in particular to a nuclear power peak shaving system and method based on a seawater desalination technology.
Background
The existing nuclear power peak regulation system based on the seawater desalination technology is generally used for utilizing facilities such as a seawater desalination plant and the like as loads in a load valley period, a part of electric energy is used for seawater desalination production, and the load capacity of the load valley period is improved, so that the minimum running power of a nuclear power unit in the load valley period is improved, and the safety and the economy of the nuclear power unit in the process of participating in peak regulation can be improved. With the continuous increase of the input and operation capacity of the nuclear power generating units and the continuous increase of the single capacity of the nuclear power generating units, the small-scale seawater desalination plant has lower influence on the peak shaving participation of the large-capacity nuclear power generating units and has larger influence on the natural environment. The reason for this is that: firstly, compared with a large-capacity nuclear power unit, the power consumption capacity of a small-scale seawater desalination plant is low, the lowest operation power of the nuclear power unit in a load valley period is difficult to improve, and if the large-capacity seawater desalination plant is directly constructed, the switching of the large-capacity seawater desalination plant can affect the stable operation of the nuclear power unit; secondly, the prior art mostly adopts a direct discharge mode for the waste seawater discharged by the seawater desalination plant, and the temperature and the salt concentration of the waste seawater discharged by the seawater desalination plant are far higher than those of the seawater in the natural environment, and the direct discharge without treatment can cause serious influence on the marine ecological environment and the biological population; finally, most of the prior art adopts a distillation mode, the desalination efficiency is lower than that of the reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology, and the low-temperature seawater can not reach the optimal working temperature of the reverse osmosis membrane under the condition of lower seawater temperature in winter in the north and south.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a nuclear power peak regulation system and method based on a seawater desalination technology, and aims to overcome the defects of the existing nuclear power peak regulation system based on the seawater desalination technology in the aspects of peak regulation capability, utilization of existing conditions, influence on natural environment and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a nuclear power peak regulation system based on a seawater desalination technology is characterized by comprising: a plurality of desalination plants which are divided into a group A and a group B and work in parallel, and a plurality of chlorine plants which are divided into a group A and a group B and work in parallel, wherein each desalination plant of each group works in parallel; the desalination plants in the group A are connected with the chlorine production plants in the group A to form a first group of combined desalination plants; the desalination plants in the group B are connected with the chlorine production plants in the group B to form a second group of combined desalination plants; the desalination plant and the chlorine production plant are supplied with power by a nuclear power unit, and each desalination plant independently supplies power.
Preferably, the number of desalination plants is 12, the A group of desalination plants are six-stage desalination plants, and the B group of desalination plants are six-stage desalination plants.
Preferably, the nuclear power peak regulation system based on the seawater desalination technology comprises: ultrafiltration plants, heat exchangers, desalination plants, chlorine plants, mixing tanks and cooling towers; the ultrafiltration plant extracts low-temperature seawater in the natural environment, removes insoluble impurities, and outputs waste liquid and low-temperature seawater without the insoluble impurities, wherein the waste liquid is conveyed to the mixing tank, and the low-temperature seawater without the insoluble impurities is conveyed to the heat exchanger; the heat exchanger comprises a cold water exchange pipe and a hot water exchange pipe, two ends of the hot water exchange pipe are respectively connected with a steam turbine and a cooling tower of the nuclear power unit, and two ends of the cold water exchange pipe are respectively connected with an ultrafiltration plant and a desalination plant; the desalination plant outputs fresh water and high-temperature concentrated seawater, wherein the fresh water is respectively conveyed to a user side and a cooling tower, and the high-temperature concentrated seawater is conveyed to a chlorine plant; discharging high-temperature fresh seawater obtained by the chlorine plant into a mixing pool; the mixing tank is connected with the sea through an open channel.
And according to the peak shaving method of the nuclear power peak shaving system based on the seawater desalination technology, the peak shaving method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: monitoring the power load of the power system in real time and giving the load fluctuation condition in a unit time period;
step S2: judging which period of the load fluctuation the current power utilization load is in, and taking corresponding control measures, wherein the period of the load fluctuation comprises the following steps: a load ascending period, a load stabilizing period and a load descending period; if the load is in the load rising period, the step goes to step S31, if the load is in the load steady period, the step goes to step S32, and if the load is in the load falling period, the step goes to step S33;
step S3: according to the period of the load fluctuation, corresponding control measures are taken, and the control measures comprise:
step S31: if the current power load is in a load rise period, the nuclear power unit operates in a power rise mode, judgment is carried out according to the latest overhaul condition of two groups of combined desalination plants, if the first group of combined desalination plants are the combined desalination plants which are overhauled for the latest time, each desalination plant in the second group of combined desalination plants is shut down and overhauled one by one, and the first group of combined desalination plants keep an operating state; if the second group of combined desalination plants are the combined desalination plants which are overhauled for the last time, sequentially stopping and overhauling each desalination plant in the first group of combined desalination plants step by step, and keeping the second group of combined desalination plants in an operating state;
step S32: if the current electric load is in the load stable period, keeping the output of each unit of the nuclear power unit and the two groups of combined desalination plants unchanged;
step S33: if the current power load is in a load reduction period, reducing the power of the nuclear power unit for operation, and putting a group of combined desalination plants in an outage overhaul state into production step by step in sequence;
step S4: returning to step S1 to enter monitoring of the next cycle.
Preferably, it is determined in step S2 when the current power load is in the load fluctuation, by the following criteria:
in the formula (1), P represents the electrical load of the power system, and the subscripttRepresenting the currently monitored period, superscriptiniAndendrepresenting the start and end times of the cycle, respectively.
The peak regulation method related to the invention and the preferred scheme thereof enables the nuclear power unit to run fully at the load peak period, one of the two groups of combined desalination plants is out of operation production, the two groups of combined desalination plants are put into operation at the same time at the off-peak period, and when the temperature of seawater is lower, the residual steam temperature of a steam turbine of the nuclear power unit is utilized to preheat the seawater entering a reverse osmosis desalination plant, the concentrated seawater discharged from the desalination plant is subjected to chlorine production and desalination, and the seawater with the same salt concentration and temperature as the natural environment is discharged; the peak regulation system comprises facilities such as a nuclear power unit, an ultrafiltration seawater pretreatment plant, a combined desalination plant consisting of a reverse osmosis seawater desalination plant and a chlorine production plant, a mixing pool, an open channel and the like. By means of the water-electricity cogeneration, the requirement of the nuclear power unit for participating in peak shaving is met, the base load running time of the nuclear power unit is prolonged, the lowest running power of the nuclear power unit is improved, the safety and the economical efficiency of nuclear power running are further improved, the by-product fresh water meets the requirements of a power plant and urban users, and the by-product chlorine product meets the requirements of other industrial industries.
The invention and the preferred scheme thereof have the main beneficial effects that: firstly, a mode that two groups of combined desalination plants are adopted as loads is provided, and a mode that A, B two groups of combined desalination plants are alternately stopped and maintained is adopted, so that the capacity of the combined desalination plants as the loads is ensured to be large enough, the combined desalination plants are ensured to have enough maintenance time to ensure the stability of peak regulation, and each stage of desalination equipment in each group is independently controlled on an electrical connection line, and the mode of step-by-step switching can ensure that the operation of a nuclear power unit cannot be influenced because the desalination load changes excessively when the combined desalination plants are used as the loads; secondly, the addition of the chlorine plant can reduce the salt concentration in the waste seawater, can also produce industrial chlorine products as a byproduct, and improves the economic benefit, and the mixing tank and the open channel are used for reducing the temperature of the waste seawater, and the combination of the mixing tank and the open channel can ensure that the finally discharged waste seawater is the same as the natural environment in temperature and salt concentration, thereby achieving the environment-friendly standard; finally, the residual steam of the steam turbine of the nuclear power unit is used for heating the seawater in the heat exchanger, so that the working efficiency of the reverse osmosis membrane is guaranteed when the environmental temperature is low, and the heat exchange mode of the heat exchanger guarantees that the desalinated seawater is not polluted by nuclear radiation.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure (water circulation) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic electrical wiring diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a daily load tracking effect curve of a nuclear power unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1-ultrafiltration plant; 2-a waste liquid discharge pipeline; 3-sea; 4-open channel; 5-a mixing tank; 6-a heat exchanger; 7-high-temperature high-pressure steam pipeline of nuclear power unit; 8-steam turbine of nuclear power unit; 9-residual steam discharge pipeline; 10-a cooling tower; 11-supply user fresh water pipeline; 12-B group chlorine plants; 13-group A chlorine plant; 14-concentrated seawater discharge pipeline; 15. 17-fresh water conveying pipeline; 16-water intake control valve; 18-a fresh water discharge conduit; six-stage desalination branch plants of 19-24-A desalination plants; a six-stage desalination sub-plant of 25-30-B desalination plants; 31-a main transformer; 32-service step-down transformer; 33-nuclear power unit generator; 34. 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 310, 311 and 380V low-voltage bus; a section of bus for 312-6.6KV high-voltage plants; the 313-A group is combined with a 6.6KV high-voltage bus for a desalination plant; 314-A group of six-stage working units of the combined desalination plant; 315-first emergency diesel generator; a section of 316-6.6KV high-voltage standby bus; a second section of 317-6.6KV high-voltage station bus; three sections of buses for 318-6.6KV high-voltage plants; 319-external network step-down transformer; 320-external grid connection line; a connection line of the No. 321-2 unit; the 322-B group is combined with a 6.6KV high-voltage bus for a desalination plant; four sections of bus for 323-6.6KV high-voltage plant; 324-B group of six-stage work units of the combined desalination plant; 325-a second emergency diesel generator; 326-6.6KV high-voltage spare bus bar section.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 2, the nuclear power peak regulation system based on the seawater desalination technology provided by this embodiment mainly includes the following components: the system comprises an ultrafiltration plant 1 for removing insoluble impurities, a heat exchanger 6 for preheating low-temperature seawater by utilizing residual steam of a steam turbine 8 of a nuclear power unit, a desalination plant for desalinating seawater, a chlorine plant (a combined desalination plant consisting of the desalination plant and the chlorine plant) for carrying out desalination treatment on concentrated seawater, a mixing pool 5 for cooling the high-temperature seawater flowing out of the chlorine plant by utilizing natural conditions and the low-temperature seawater, and an open channel 4.
In the ultrafiltration plant 1, after low-temperature seawater in a natural environment is extracted from the sea 3 and insoluble impurities are removed, a waste liquid (low temperature) is discharged to a mixing tank 5 through a waste liquid discharge pipe 2, and the low-temperature seawater containing no insoluble impurities is sent to a heat exchanger 6.
The heat exchanger 6 comprises a cold heat exchange water pipe and a hot heat exchange water pipe, high-temperature high-pressure steam converted from nuclear energy in a high-temperature high-pressure steam pipeline 7 of the nuclear power unit is used for sending residual steam and hot water into a hot water pipe through a residual steam discharge pipeline 9 to heat the cold water pipe and recover the residual steam and hot water to enter a cooling tower 10 after work done on conversion of electric energy in a steam turbine 8 of the nuclear power unit, and low-temperature seawater which is obtained by filtering in the ultrafiltration plant 1 and does not contain insoluble impurities enters the cold water pipe to be heated and subjected to heat exchange through the hot water pipe and then is sent to a desalination plant.
As the main innovation point of the embodiment, 12 desalination plants (sub-plants) are averagely divided into A, B two groups working independently and in parallel, each group is divided into six desalination plants, each stage is also in parallel and can be independently opened or closed, the six desalination plants including 19-24 of the A group desalination plant and 25-30 of the B group desalination plant can control the inflow of seawater conveyed by a cold water pipe of a heat exchanger 6 and independently desalt high-temperature seawater flowing in from the heat exchanger through independent water inlet control valves 16 for each desalination plant, fresh water and high-temperature concentrated seawater are obtained through filtration and other treatments, wherein the fresh water is discharged through fresh water conveying pipelines 15 and 17 and a fresh water discharge pipeline 18 and is divided into two paths, one portion is conveyed to a user supply side through a user fresh water supply pipeline 11, the other portion is delivered to a cooling tower 10 for supplying water to the plant, the high-temperature concentrated seawater is conveyed to a chlorine plant.
The chlorine plants are consistent with the desalination plants in groups, namely, the chlorine plants are also divided into A, B groups, the group A chlorine plants 13 are only responsible for desalting high-temperature concentrated seawater flowing out of the six-stage desalination plants 19-24 of the group A desalination plants, the group B chlorine plants 12 are only responsible for desalting high-temperature concentrated seawater flowing out of the six-stage desalination plants 25-30 of the group B desalination plants, and the two groups of chlorine plants discharge the obtained high-temperature concentrated seawater into the mixing tank 5 and obtain industrial chlorine products as byproducts.
The mixing tank 5 and the open channel 4 are mainly used for mixing high-low temperature seawater and reducing the temperature of the seawater by using the natural environment, namely, the low-temperature seawater containing insoluble impurities discharged from the ultrafiltration plant 1 and the high-temperature fresh seawater flowing out from the chlorine plant are mixed in the mixing tank 5 to obtain medium-temperature seawater, and the seawater with the same temperature and the same salt concentration as the natural seawater is discharged back to the sea 3 through the natural temperature reduction of the long-distance open channel.
In the water circulation mode, the heat exchange mode shown in fig. 2 can recycle the steam waste heat of a steam turbine 8 of a nuclear power unit, seawater enters an ultrafiltration plant 1 through a water pump, seawater containing non-soluble impurities enters a mixing tank 5 as waste liquid, low-temperature seawater with low impurity content enters a desalination plant after being heated to the optimal temperature of a reverse osmosis membrane through a heat exchanger 6, one part of filtered fresh water is supplied for the combined operation plant for self use, the other part of the filtered fresh water is conveyed to other urban users, the filtered concentrated seawater enters a chlorine plant for desalination and obtains industrial chlorine products, the seawater passing through the chlorine plant is approximately the same as the seawater in the natural environment in salt concentration, then enters the mixing tank 5 to be mixed with the low-temperature waste liquid of the ultrafiltration plant 1, the seawater is naturally cooled to the same temperature as the seawater in the natural environment through a long-distance open channel 4 and is finally discharged back to the natural seawater, and the combined peak shaving system is ensured to not affect the natural environment to the maximum extent.
As shown in fig. 1, the peak shaving method corresponding to the nuclear power peak shaving system based on the seawater desalination technology provided in this embodiment is constructed based on the schemes of the two groups of combined desalination plants provided in this embodiment, and specifically includes the following steps:
step S1: monitoring the power load of the power system in real time and giving out the load fluctuation condition within 15 minutes in unit time;
step S2: judging which period of the load fluctuation the electricity load is in under the current condition, and giving corresponding processing, wherein the load fluctuation period comprises three periods of a load rising period, a load stabilizing period and a load falling period, if the load fluctuation period is the load rising period, the step is switched to S31, if the load fluctuation period is the load stabilizing period, the step is switched to S32, and if the load falling period is the load falling period, the step is switched to S33;
the method for judging the period of the load fluctuation of the power load under the current condition is carried out by the following criteria
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,prepresenting the electrical load, subscript, of the power systemtRepresenting the currently monitored cycle, table aboveiniAndendrepresenting the start and end times of the cycle, respectively.
Step S31: if the power load is in the load rise period under the current condition, the nuclear power unit operates in a power rise mode, judgment is carried out according to the latest overhaul condition of two groups of combined desalination plants, if the first group of combined desalination plants are the combined desalination plants which are overhauled for the latest time, the six-stage units in the second group of combined desalination plants are sequentially shut down step by step and overhauled, and the first group of combined desalination plants keep an operating state; if the second group of combined desalination plants are the combined desalination plants which are overhauled for the last time, sequentially stopping the six-stage units in the first group of combined desalination plants step by step and overhauling the six-stage units, and keeping the second group of combined desalination plants in an operating state;
step S32: if the power load is in the load stable period under the current condition, keeping the output of each unit of the nuclear power unit and the combined desalination plant unchanged;
step S33: and if the power load is in the load reduction period under the current condition, reducing the power of the nuclear power unit for operation, and putting a group of combined desalination plant units which are stopped for maintenance into production step by step in sequence.
Step S4: the processing of the current cycle is ended, and the flow returns to step S1 to proceed to the next monitoring cycle.
As shown in fig. 3, in the electrical connection aspect of the present embodiment, the generator 33 of the nuclear power unit is output externally through the main transformer 31, and is connected to the internal system of the joint peak shaving through the service step-down transformer 32. The factory step-down transformer 32 is used for reducing the voltage and then outputting the voltage to a first section 312 of 6.6KV high-voltage factory bus, a 6.6KV high-voltage factory bus 313 for the group A combined desalination factory, a second section 317 of 6.6KV high-voltage factory bus, a third section 318 of 6.6KV high-voltage factory bus, a 6.6KV high-voltage factory bus 322 for the group B combined desalination factory and a fourth section 323 of 6.6KV high-voltage factory bus.
Wherein, the first section 312 of the bus for the 6.6KV high-voltage plant is output by voltage reduction through the 380V low-voltage bus 34; the 6.6KV high-voltage bus 313 for the A group of combined desalination plants is subjected to voltage reduction output through the 380V low-voltage bus 35, and power is supplied to the six-level working unit 314 of the A group of combined desalination plants; the 6.6KV high-voltage plant bus second section 317 is subjected to voltage reduction output through a 380V low-voltage bus 36, a No. 2 unit connecting wire 321 is provided, a 6.6KV high-voltage standby bus first section 316 is also provided, and the 6.6KV high-voltage standby bus first section 316 is output through a 380V low-voltage bus 310 and supplies power to a first emergency diesel generator 315; the 6.6KV high-voltage plant bus three-section 318 is subjected to voltage reduction output through a 380V low-voltage bus 37, an external power grid connecting wire 320 is provided through an external power grid voltage reduction transformer 319, a 6.6KV high-voltage standby bus two-section 326 is provided at the same time, and the 6.6KV high-voltage standby bus two-section 326 is output through the 380V low-voltage bus 311 and supplies power to a second emergency diesel generator 325; the 6.6KV high-voltage bus 322 for the B group of combined desalination plants is output in a voltage reduction mode through the 380V low-voltage bus 38, and power is supplied to the six-level working unit 324 of the B group of combined desalination plants; the four sections 323 of the 6.6KV high-voltage plant bus are output in a voltage reduction mode through the 380V low-voltage bus 39.
An AP1000 pressurized water reactor nuclear power unit is matched with a 300 ten thousand m high-speed/d reverse osmosis seawater desalination plant for combined operation, the operation rated power of the nuclear power unit is 1250MWe, the service power of a conventional island and a nuclear island of the nuclear power unit is about 80MW, the total power of an ultrafiltration plant and a reverse osmosis seawater desalination plant in a single-group combined desalination plant is about 120MW, and the total power of two groups of combined desalination plants A and B is about 240 MW; when a group of combined desalination plants quit operation in a load peak period, the power transmitted by the nuclear power unit to an external power grid is about 1050MW, when the two groups of desalination plants are all put into operation in a load valley period, the power transmitted by the nuclear power unit to the external power grid is about 650MW, and the power is reduced to 970MW for operation, namely the power is reduced to 77.6% FP, which is far higher than the minimum power reduced to 50% FP in the current general daily load tracking mode of 12-3-6-3, and finally, a daily load tracking curve is shown in FIG. 4.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other various types of nuclear power peak-shaving systems and methods based on desalination of sea water can be obtained from the teaching of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A nuclear power peak regulation system based on a seawater desalination technology is characterized by comprising: a plurality of desalination plants which are divided into a group A and a group B and work in parallel, and a plurality of chlorine plants which are divided into a group A and a group B and work in parallel, wherein each desalination plant of each group works in parallel; the desalination plants in the group A are connected with the chlorine production plants in the group A to form a first group of combined desalination plants; the desalination plants in the group B are connected with the chlorine production plants in the group B to form a second group of combined desalination plants; the desalination plant and the chlorine production plant are supplied with power by a nuclear power unit, and each desalination plant independently supplies power;
the desalination plants of the A group and the desalination plants of the B group are alternately shut down for maintenance, the nuclear power unit is enabled to run fully at the peak of load, one of the two groups of combined desalination plants is out of operation and production, and the two groups of combined desalination plants are simultaneously put into operation at the off-peak period; the desalination equipment at each level in each group is independently controlled and switched stage by stage on the electrical connection;
for each desalination plant, controlling the inflow of seawater conveyed by a cold water pipe of a heat exchanger through respective independent water inlet control valves, independently desalinating high-temperature seawater flowing in from the heat exchanger, and filtering to obtain fresh water and high-temperature concentrated seawater, wherein the fresh water is discharged through a fresh water conveying pipeline and a fresh water discharge pipeline and is divided into two paths, one part of the fresh water is conveyed to a user supply side through a user fresh water supply pipeline, the other part of the fresh water is conveyed to water in a cooling tower supply plant, and the high-temperature concentrated seawater is conveyed to a chlorine plant;
the mixing tank and the open channel are used for mixing high-temperature and low-temperature seawater and reducing the temperature of the seawater by utilizing the natural environment, namely, the low-temperature seawater containing insoluble impurities discharged from an ultrafiltration plant and the high-temperature fresh seawater flowing out from a chlorine plant are mixed in the mixing tank to obtain medium-temperature seawater, and the seawater with the same temperature and the same salt concentration as the natural seawater is discharged back to the sea through the natural temperature reduction of the long-distance open channel;
in the water circulation mode, seawater enters an ultrafiltration plant through a water pump, the seawater containing non-soluble impurities enters a mixing tank as waste liquid, low-temperature seawater with low impurity content enters a desalination plant after being heated to the optimal temperature of a reverse osmosis membrane through a heat exchanger, one part of filtered fresh water is supplied to a joint operation plant for self use, the other part of filtered fresh water is conveyed to other users in a city, and the filtered concentrated seawater enters a chlorine plant for desalination treatment to obtain industrial chlorine products.
2. The seawater desalination technology-based nuclear power peak regulation system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the number of desalination plants is 12, wherein the A group of desalination plants are divided into six-level desalination plants, and the B group of desalination plants are divided into six-level desalination plants.
3. The seawater desalination technology-based nuclear power peak shaving system of claim 1, comprising: ultrafiltration plants, heat exchangers, desalination plants, chlorine plants, mixing tanks and cooling towers; the ultrafiltration plant extracts low-temperature seawater in the natural environment, removes insoluble impurities, and outputs waste liquid and low-temperature seawater without the insoluble impurities, wherein the waste liquid is conveyed to the mixing tank, and the low-temperature seawater without the insoluble impurities is conveyed to the heat exchanger; the heat exchanger comprises a cold water exchange pipe and a hot water exchange pipe, two ends of the hot water exchange pipe are respectively connected with a steam turbine and a cooling tower of the nuclear power unit, and two ends of the cold water exchange pipe are respectively connected with an ultrafiltration plant and a desalination plant; the desalination plant outputs fresh water and high-temperature concentrated seawater, wherein the fresh water is respectively conveyed to a user side and a cooling tower, and the high-temperature concentrated seawater is conveyed to a chlorine plant; discharging high-temperature fresh seawater obtained by the chlorine plant into a mixing pool; the mixing tank is connected with the sea through an open channel.
4. A peak shaving method of a nuclear power peak shaving system based on seawater desalination technology according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: monitoring the power load of the power system in real time and giving the load fluctuation condition in a unit time period;
step S2: judging which period of the load fluctuation the current power utilization load is in, and taking corresponding control measures, wherein the period of the load fluctuation comprises the following steps: a load ascending period, a load stabilizing period and a load descending period; if the load is in the load rising period, the step goes to step S31, if the load is in the load steady period, the step goes to step S32, and if the load is in the load falling period, the step goes to step S33;
step S3: according to the period of the load fluctuation, corresponding control measures are taken, and the control measures comprise:
step S31: if the current power load is in a load rise period, the nuclear power unit operates in a power rise mode, judgment is carried out according to the latest overhaul condition of two groups of combined desalination plants, if the first group of combined desalination plants are the combined desalination plants which are overhauled for the latest time, each desalination plant in the second group of combined desalination plants is shut down and overhauled one by one, and the first group of combined desalination plants keep an operating state; if the second group of combined desalination plants are the combined desalination plants which are overhauled for the last time, sequentially stopping and overhauling each desalination plant in the first group of combined desalination plants step by step, and keeping the second group of combined desalination plants in an operating state;
step S32: if the current electric load is in the load stable period, keeping the output of each unit of the nuclear power unit and the two groups of combined desalination plants unchanged;
step S33: if the current power load is in a load reduction period, reducing the power of the nuclear power unit for operation, and putting a group of combined desalination plants in an outage overhaul state into production step by step in sequence;
step S4: returning to step S1 to enter monitoring of the next cycle.
5. The peak shaving method of the nuclear power peak shaving system based on the seawater desalination technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in step S2, it is determined which period of time the current power load is in the load fluctuation passes the following criterion:
in the formula (1), the compound (I),prepresenting the electrical load, subscript, of the power systemtRepresenting the currently monitored period, superscriptiniAndendrepresenting the start and end times of the cycle, respectively.
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