CN216957473U - Nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with energy storage function - Google Patents
Nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with energy storage function Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a nuclear power plant flexible comprehensive utilization device system with an energy storage function, which comprises a boiler, an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank system and a seawater desalination system, wherein the boiler and the inclined temperature layer energy storage tank system comprise an electrode boiler, an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank and a heat exchanger. The nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system can convert the electric energy of peak load regulation of the nuclear power plant, not only can realize heat storage by adopting an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank, but also can prepare hot water for heating by utilizing the heat energy generated by an electrode boiler, and can also provide fresh water for a city water supply system by utilizing a seawater desalination system, so that triple supply of water, heat and electricity of the nuclear power plant comprehensive utilization device system can be realized, a low-carbon city heat, water and electricity utilization system can be cleaned, and different heat supply requirements of local station and residents at different time intervals can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of nuclear energy utilization of nuclear power plants, relates to flexible comprehensive utilization of the nuclear power plants, and particularly relates to a flexible comprehensive utilization device system of the nuclear power plants with an energy storage function.
Background
The nuclear energy is taken as clean, efficient and high-quality energy, the occupation ratio of the nuclear energy in primary energy consumption of China is increased year by year, and the nuclear energy becomes an important component in an energy diversification supply system of China. According to the aims of realizing carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization in China, the national energy structure is greatly changed, new energy can be rapidly developed, and the utilization of the traditional fossil energy can be reduced. However, the power generation of new energy sources such as wind energy and solar energy has great instability and great impact on a power grid, and a part of energy source power generation forms with peak shaving capacity must be relied on as a base load. The variable load capacity of the nuclear power generation system is poor, and mainly reflects the slow variable load rate and the low-load operation level difference. The comprehensive utilization of nuclear energy is a poly-generation mode for using the nuclear energy for power generation, hydrogen production, seawater desalination or heat supply, changes the traditional single mode for power generation, and is expected to solve the problem that the nuclear power station participates in peak regulation.
The hot water storage tank technology comes from northern europe, which has been applied for thirty-four years in the aspects of cogeneration and central heating, particularly in the aspect of large-scale hot water storage tanks. In denmark and sweden almost all outlets of thermal power plants are provided with large water storage tanks. At present, in many flexible modification projects of domestic thermal power plants, a heat storage peak regulation technology taking a hot water storage tank as a core is widely applied due to the excellent performance, stability and price advantages of the heat storage peak regulation technology. The heat storage and release process of the water heat storage system is the working process of the heat storage water tank. At present, the heat storage water tank technology which is applied more in engineering is a single-tank inclined temperature layer heat storage technology. The basic principle of the thermocline is to separate cold and hot media by a temperature gradient layer, utilize the same heat storage water tank to store the high and low temperature two media at the same time, and invest less than a double-tank system with cold and hot separately stored media. The hot water and the cold water are simultaneously stored in the heat storage water tank, the densities of the hot water and the cold water are different when the water temperatures are different, the cold water and the hot water with different densities are naturally layered due to the action of gravity, the hot water is arranged above the cold water, and a transition layer (an inclined temperature layer) is formed between the hot water and the cold water. When the heat storage water tank works, the inlet flow is uniform and the inlet and outlet flow is balanced, and the inclined temperature layer is kept stable when the cold water level and the hot water level change up and down. In order to prevent water in the heat storage water tank from being polluted and bring the polluted water into a heat supply network so as to influence the water quality of the heat supply network, steam or nitrogen is generally filled on the liquid level in the heat storage container to keep micro positive pressure so as to isolate the water in the heat storage container from air. The hot water storage tank is mainly used for additionally heating a part of circulating water of a heat supply network to be sent to the hot water storage tank for storage on the basis of ensuring normal heating in the daytime; the hot water in the hot water storage tank is used for supplying heat at night, so that the flexibility of energy allocation is realized.
The seawater desalination technology refers to a process of obtaining fresh water by using a seawater desalination method. At present, among various seawater desalination technologies, pressure steam distillation, electrodialysis, multi-stage flash evaporation, low-temperature multi-effect distillation and reverse osmosis are mainly put into commercial operation. Wherein, the multistage flash evaporation, the low-temperature multi-effect distillation and the reverse osmosis are commonly called three major mainstream technologies in the world seawater desalination field, and are particularly suitable for a larger seawater desalination device. The multistage flash evaporation and the low-temperature multi-effect distillation both adopt distillation processes, have the advantages of low requirements on raw water pretreatment and good effluent quality, but also face the problems of scaling and corrosion. Under the action of external pressure, the reverse osmosis method utilizes a semi-permeable film which only allows a solvent to permeate and does not allow a solute to permeate, so as to achieve the aim of seawater desalination. Compared with the distillation process, the reverse osmosis method has no phase change and no need of heating, has the remarkable advantages of low energy consumption, convenient operation, low operating cost and strong adaptability, and is considered as a seawater desalination technology with the greatest development prospect.
The waste heat refers to sensible heat and latent heat which are discharged into the environment without being reasonably utilized in the put-in-operation industrial enterprise energy consumption device under certain conditions due to the limitations of factors such as history, technology, concept and the like. The waste heat comprises high-temperature waste gas waste heat, cooling medium waste heat, waste steam waste water waste heat, high-temperature product and slag waste heat, chemical reaction waste heat and the like. The industrial production process generates a large amount of waste heat and waste heat, and the energy density is low, so that the prior art is difficult to effectively extract and utilize, and the waste of heat sources and the heat pollution are caused when the waste heat is discharged into the atmosphere. The utilization modes of the waste heat are different according to different temperatures, forms and the like of waste heat carriers. At present, the common waste heat utilization in the power industry mainly comes from sensible heat of high-temperature flue gas and combustible gas discharged in the production process, and nuclear power plants mostly use medium-low temperature waste heat due to low parameters and have less waste heat recovery. Compared with high-grade energy, low-grade waste heat has low unit energy and great utilization difficulty. However, from the energy utilization pattern, the low-grade waste heat can be used as a key link of energy production and energy utilization, and plays an important role in energy conservation and emission reduction.
The electric boiler converts electric energy into heat energy by using a three-phase electrode and Y-shaped wiring method. The three-phase electrodes and the zero electrodes directly generate current in water. The protection shield made of insulating material is arranged between the three-phase electrode and the zero electrode, and the power of the electric boiler is changed by adjusting the conductive area. The immersed high-voltage electrode boiler is a high-resistance insulator, for a pipeline system, a floor and a boiler frame, the electrode boiler is completely arranged on the insulator, and an electrode boiler body is connected with an external pipeline through an insulating part, so that the conductivity of boiler water in a certain range is controlled, and the absolute safety of the electrode boiler in operation is ensured. The operation of the immersed electrode steam boiler adopts a mode that the electrodes directly heat water, and is mainly realized through 3 links: 1) electrode heating furnace water: the three-phase electrode in the boiler inner cylinder is immersed in water, the boiler water with certain conductivity is directly heated after the three-phase electrode is electrified, and the boiler water is rapidly heated under the action of current to generate high-quality steam; 2) water circulation in the furnace: the water flow of the outer cylinder of the boiler enters the inner cylinder through the circulating pump and continuously replenishes water for the inner cylinder; 3) water supply outside the furnace: when the boiler normally operates or is in a hot standby state, the total water quantity of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is required to be kept constant, so that deoxygenated water needs to be supplemented to the outer cylinder of the boiler through a feed pump.
Chinese patent application No. 201610115011.3 discloses a three-coproduction system for producing fresh water by generating electricity and producing hydrogen by a high-temperature gas cooled reactor of a nuclear power station and a method thereof. The system comprises a helium circulating system of the nuclear power station, a superheater, a steam generator, a flash evaporator, a steam ejector, a seawater desalination device, a solid oxide electrolytic bath and the like. Helium of a high-temperature gas cooled reactor in the system is firstly used for generating power through a helium turbine, then partial exhaust waste heat of the helium turbine is used for steam electrolysis hydrogen production, and then low-temperature waste heat cooling water of a cooler is used for distillation seawater desalination by coupling flash evaporation and steam injection. The system realizes the coupling of the nuclear power station circulation system, the steam electrolysis hydrogen production process and the distillation seawater desalination process, but the system adopts the exhaust (the temperature is 550-650 ℃) of a helium turbine to heat the steam of the hydrogen production system, the steam outlet temperature of a superheater is 520-620 ℃, the temperature is lower than the 700 ℃ high-temperature environment required by the hydrogen production by the solid oxide electrolysis water, and the hydrogen production efficiency is lower. The helium turbine power generation system, the steam electrolysis hydrogen production system and the seawater desalination system are mutually coupled, and the electric power cannot be adjusted by adjusting the load of the hydrogen production system, so that the flexible peak regulation of the nuclear power station is difficult to realize.
Chinese application No. 201710394058.2 discloses a system combining hydrogen production by electrolysis of water with flexible peak shaving of a nuclear power plant. The system comprises a power grid peak regulation control system, a power transmission and transformation and power supply system, a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a hydrogen collection and purification system, a cooling water waste heat recovery system, an electrolytic cell high-temperature steam supply system and the like. The main steam of the nuclear power plant is superheated by an electric heater to provide steam for the high-temperature solid electrolytic cell. The reactor adopted by the utility model is a conventional three-generation pressurized water reactor system, the steam temperature is further increased in an electric heating mode, high-quality energy is converted into low-quality energy, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is seriously reduced. In addition, the heat carried by the hydrogen and oxygen from the high temperature solid electrolytic cell is not recycled. The system of the utility model realizes the flexible peak regulation of the nuclear power station, but does not carry out cascade utilization according to the quality of energy.
In summary, in order to implement flexible allocation of the power generation load of the nuclear power plant, a novel nuclear power plant flexible comprehensive utilization device system needs to be developed, and a new energy storage mode and a new energy consumption mode for supplying heat, water and power to the end of a user are used for solving the problems of instability and intermittence of the new energy power generation mode for nuclear power, so that the purpose of transformation from the nuclear power to a flexible power supply is achieved, and a set of relatively balanced, comprehensive, efficient and flexible nuclear power plant flexible comprehensive utilization device system is formed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a nuclear power plant flexible comprehensive utilization device system with an energy storage function, which comprises a boiler, an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank system and a seawater desalination system, wherein the boiler and the inclined temperature layer energy storage tank system comprise an electrode boiler, an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank and a heat exchanger. The nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system can convert the electric energy of peak load regulation of the nuclear power plant, not only can realize heat storage by adopting an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank, but also can prepare hot water for heating by utilizing the heat energy generated by an electrode boiler, and can also provide fresh water for a city water supply system by utilizing a seawater desalination system, so that triple supply of water, heat and electricity of the nuclear power plant comprehensive utilization device system can be realized, a low-carbon city heat, water and electricity utilization system can be cleaned, and different heat supply requirements of local station and residents at different time intervals can be met.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a nuclear power plant flexible comprehensive utilization device system with an energy storage function, which comprises a boiler, an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank system and a seawater desalination system;
the boiler and thermocline energy storage tank system comprises an electrode boiler, a thermocline energy storage tank and a heat exchanger, wherein a water outlet of the electrode boiler is connected with a heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger, a water inlet of the electrode boiler is connected with a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger, an upper inlet of the thermocline energy storage tank is connected with a water outlet of the electrode boiler, a lower inlet of the thermocline energy storage tank is connected with a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger, and an outlet of the thermocline energy storage tank is connected with a heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger; a cold medium inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with return water of a heat supply network, and a cold medium outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with water supply of the heat supply network;
the seawater desalination system comprises a seawater water taking pump, a seawater desalination device and a water supply system which are connected in sequence;
and the nuclear power plant respectively supplies power to the electrode boiler, the seawater taking pump and the seawater desalination device.
Aiming at the requirement of the current nuclear energy comprehensive utilization, the nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system provides a composite system with a plurality of energy-saving technologies and energy forms coupled with each other for operation, an electrode boiler and seawater desalination are used as channels for eliminating redundant load of the nuclear power plant and developing nuclear energy application scenes, the nuclear energy comprehensive utilization effect of water, heat and electricity triple supply is realized, and the heat storage technology of the inclined temperature layer energy storage tank can be used as a means for flexibly supporting and adjusting the water, heat and electricity triple supply. On the premise of comprehensively considering various energy application forms, the comprehensive utilization rate of nuclear energy is improved, low-carbon, environment-friendly, energy-saving and emission-reducing effects of water supply and heat supply are reduced, the requirement for realizing clean low-carbon energy utilization optimization of the area where the nuclear power plant is located is met, and various energy requirements of local industry and civilian use are met.
As a preferable technical scheme, the nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function further comprises a waste heat recycling system, the waste heat recycling system comprises a heat pump, a first cold medium inlet of the heat pump is connected with a circulating water inlet of the nuclear power plant, a first cold medium outlet of the heat pump is connected with a circulating water outlet of the nuclear power plant, a second cold medium inlet of the heat pump is connected with return water of a heat supply network, and a second cold medium outlet of the heat pump is connected with water supply of the heat supply network; and a nuclear power plant supplies power to the heat pump.
The boiler and the thermocline energy storage tank system are coupled with the electrode boiler and the thermocline energy storage tank, on one hand, the electrode boiler is used as one of deep peak regulation means of the nuclear power plant to reform the electrical connection of the nuclear power plant, a power transformation and distribution station and a set of peak regulation electrode boiler are additionally arranged, the electrode boiler consumes peak regulation electric quantity of the nuclear power plant through a transformer substation to prepare hot water, the hot water can be directly supplied to a plant area and also can participate in an external heat supply network to supply heat, and the hot water can be sent to the thermocline energy storage tank to be stored in a time period with lower heat load; on the other hand, the thermocline energy storage tank is an important support system of the nuclear energy comprehensive utilization device system, and the capacity of the thermocline energy storage tank is calculated according to the local thermal load and the peak load in proportion; furthermore, the thermocline energy storage tank is deeply coupled with the waste heat recycling system and the electrode boiler peak regulation system, and is responsible for storing and absorbing heat produced by the two systems, so that the load regulation capacity of the two systems is increased, the difference of heating and heat utilization fluctuation is balanced, the flexibility of the nuclear energy comprehensive utilization device system is greatly improved by the thermocline energy storage tank, and the energy operation elasticity of the nuclear power plant is greatly increased.
The seawater desalination subsystem is also one of the means of deep peak regulation of the nuclear power plant, the power is taken from the nuclear power plant through the power transformation and distribution station, the peak regulation load of the nuclear power plant is consumed, and the prepared fresh water can be used by the plant area of the nuclear power plant or accessed to an adjacent civil water supply pipe network.
The waste heat recycling system is used as one of auxiliary heat sources of the nuclear energy comprehensive utilization device system, a heat pump is used for recycling heat of an inner closed water system of the nuclear power plant, and the heat extracted by the heat pump can be used for heating nuclear power plant area circulating water and plant external heat supply network water supply; furthermore, if the heat recovered by the heat pump still has surplus, the heat can be sent to an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank for storage.
The nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function takes a nuclear power plant as a main energy source of the system, three technologies of an electrode boiler, seawater desalination and waste heat recovery are selected as a comprehensive utilization and expansion means of nuclear energy, and a boiler and an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank system are obtained by coupling an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank and the electrode boiler, so that the flexibility and the energy elasticity of the comprehensive utilization device system can be increased through the energy storage function of the inclined temperature layer energy storage tank, and finally the system is conducted to the tail end of a user in a water supply mode and a heat supply mode, and the nuclear power plant is conducted to the tail end of the user in a power supply mode, so that a balanced, comprehensive and efficient nuclear power comprehensive utilization device system can be formed, and the system has the characteristic of more outstanding energy flexibility.
Specifically, the electric energy of the peak load regulation of the nuclear power plant is respectively sent to an electrode boiler, a seawater desalination device and a heat pump through a power transformation and distribution station; the electric energy consumed by the electrode boiler for peak load regulation can be used for preparing hot water and directly supplying the hot water to a user, and can also be stored in an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank and supplied to the user when the heat load is increased; the seawater desalination system consumes the electric energy of peak load regulation to prepare fresh water, and can be connected into a Haiyang municipal tap water pipe network for use; the heat pump of the waste heat recycling system can recycle low-grade waste heat of an enclosed water system in the nuclear power plant, can be used for preparing hot water to be directly supplied to users, and can be used as plant circulating water to be sent back to the nuclear power plant, so that the integral operation heat efficiency of the nuclear power unit is improved.
The nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function enhances the energy flexibility and elasticity by using the thermocline energy storage tank, and assists the seawater desalination system, the electrode boiler system and the waste heat recycling system as a composite system for supplementing energy to assist the nuclear power plant to participate in deep peak shaving and improve the energy flexibility.
The nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function is generally suitable for nuclear power plants in local power grids configured with renewable energy sources such as high-proportion wind power and photovoltaic power generation, the energy source elasticity and flexibility of the nuclear power plants are enhanced through various energy source means such as a thermocline heat storage technology and a waste heat recovery technology, the proportion and the frequency of deep peak shaving participation of the nuclear power plants are increased, the safety and the stability of nuclear island operation are guaranteed, the integral energy utilization rate, the power generation efficiency and the heat efficiency of a nuclear power unit are improved, and the nuclear energy application scene is expanded.
As a preferable technical scheme of the utility model, a water pump is arranged on a pipeline connecting a water outlet of the electrode boiler and a heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger and is used for driving hot water of the electrode boiler to enter the heat exchanger.
As the preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the seawater desalination device comprises a pretreatment water tank, ultrafiltration equipment and reverse osmosis equipment which are sequentially connected, wherein a seawater taking pump is connected with the pretreatment water tank, and the reverse osmosis equipment is connected with a water supply system; and the nuclear power plant respectively supplies power to the pretreatment water tank, the ultrafiltration equipment and the reverse osmosis equipment.
As the preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the pipeline connecting the ultrafiltration equipment and the reverse osmosis equipment is an A pipeline, and a valve A is arranged on the A pipeline.
As the preferable technical scheme of the utility model, the water outlet of the reverse osmosis equipment is connected with the water inlet of the ultrafiltration equipment through a pipeline B, and a valve B is arranged on the pipeline B.
By designing the valve A and the valve B, the seawater desalination device can make the water which is not up to the standard after being treated by the reverse osmosis equipment return to the ultrafiltration equipment through the valve B again, and then the water is treated by the ultrafiltration equipment and the reverse osmosis equipment again, so that the fresh water with up to the standard water quality is obtained.
The flexible comprehensive utilization device system of the nuclear power plant with the energy storage function is coupled with various novel energy technologies, so that the water, heat and electricity cogeneration is realized, and various application forms and commercial operation possibilities of nuclear power comprehensive utilization are explored. Converting nuclear energy into fresh water resources through a seawater desalination system; nuclear energy is converted into heat resources through an electrode boiler for heating residents; the overall operation thermal efficiency of nuclear power is increased through a waste heat recycling system, and heat can be supplemented for an urban heat supply system; through the inclined temperature layer energy storage tank coupled with the electrode boiler, the electric energy of the peak load of the nuclear power plant can be converted into heat energy for storage. The nuclear energy comprehensive utilization device system with the nuclear power plant as the core realizes the coupling production and the overall utilization of various energy products, can help the area where the nuclear power plant is located to reduce carbon emission, quickens the realization of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization targets, reduces pollution, and has the operating characteristics of better environmental friendliness, low carbon and high efficiency.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function improves the nuclear power low-grade heat utilization rate, optimizes the nuclear power comprehensive operation efficiency and reduces the nuclear power thermal pollution;
(2) the nuclear power plant flexible comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function takes nuclear power as a system core energy source, and realizes the cascade utilization of energy;
(3) the inclined temperature layer energy storage tank in the nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function is used as a load fluctuation buffer device, so that the influence of load fluctuation at the tail end of a user on the operation of a nuclear power unit can be stabilized, and the operation safety and stability of the nuclear power plant in a heating season are improved;
(4) the nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function comprehensively demonstrates a technical route of a nuclear power plant for configuring a cross-season water-saving pool to absorb peak load, and is matched with a Haiyang nuclear power plant hydrothermal simultaneous transfer project to realize remote delivery of heat and water supply, open an application range for a running nuclear energy heat supply demonstration project, lay a foundation for future heat supply expansion of nuclear energy heat supply, and mark maturation application of nuclear energy heat supply application;
(5) the nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function can store the preparation heat in a low heat load period, and use the stored heat for heat compensation in a high heat load period, so that the high-efficiency utilization of energy is realized;
(6) the nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function is coupled with the electrode boiler and the seawater desalination system, so that a peak load regulation and reduction system of the electrode boiler and the seawater desalination is formed, the load regulation flexibility of nuclear power is improved, the system is provided with an elastic power supply attribute for enhancing nuclear power, and support is provided for the load regulation requirement of a power grid;
(7) the nuclear power plant flexible comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function provided by the utility model eliminates the peak load regulation through the electrode boiler and seawater desalination technology, reduces the direct load regulation times of a nuclear power unit, and enhances the safety and stability of nuclear power operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible comprehensive utilization device system of a nuclear power plant with an energy storage function according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
wherein, 1-nuclear power plant; 2-seawater; 3-a seawater pump; 4-valve a; 5-pretreating the water pond; 6-valve b; 7-ultrafiltration equipment; 8-valve A; 9-valve B; 10-reverse osmosis equipment; 11-valve c; 12-a water supply system; 13-electrode boiler; 14-valve d; 15-valve e; 16-a thermocline energy storage tank; 17-valve f; 18-a water pump; 19-valve g; 20-valve h; 21-a heat exchanger; 22-valve i; 23-supplying water by a heat supply network; 24-valve j; 25-returning water to the heat supply network; 26-nuclear power plant circulating water inlet; 27-outlet of circulating water of nuclear power plant; 28-heat pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution, objects and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail by referring to specific embodiments and drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the utility model, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. For the electrical and communication fields, either a wired connection or a wireless connection is possible. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The technical scheme of the utility model is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a flexible comprehensive utilization device system with an energy storage function for a nuclear power plant, which comprises a boiler, an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank system, a seawater desalination system and a waste heat recycling system, as shown in figure 1, a solid line in the figure represents a liquid pipeline, and a dotted line in the figure represents a current line;
the boiler and thermocline energy storage tank system comprises an electrode boiler 13, a thermocline energy storage tank 16 and a heat exchanger 21, wherein a water outlet of the electrode boiler 13 is connected with a heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger 21, and a valve e 15 and a water pump 18 are sequentially arranged on the connected pipelines; a water inlet of the electrode boiler 13 is connected with a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger 21, and a valve h 20 is arranged on a connected pipeline; an upper inlet of the thermocline energy storage tank 16 is connected with a water outlet of the electrode boiler 13, and a valve d 14 is arranged on a connected pipeline; an inlet at the lower part of the thermocline energy storage tank 16 is connected with a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger 21, and a valve f 17 is arranged on a pipeline connected with the inlet; the outlet of the thermocline energy storage tank 16 is connected with the heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger 21, and a valve g 19 is arranged on the connected pipeline; a cold medium inlet of the heat exchanger 21 is connected with a heat supply network backwater 25, and a valve j 24 is arranged on the connected pipeline; a cold medium outlet of the heat exchanger 21 is connected with a heat supply network for supplying water, and a valve i 22 is arranged on a connected pipeline;
the seawater desalination system comprises a seawater taking pump 3, a valve a 4, a pretreatment water tank 5, a valve b 6, an ultrafiltration device 7, a valve A8, a reverse osmosis device 10, a valve c 11 and a water supply system 12 which are connected in sequence; the pipeline connecting the ultrafiltration device 7 and the reverse osmosis device 10 is a pipeline A, a valve A8 is arranged on the pipeline A, the water outlet of the reverse osmosis device 10 is connected with the water inlet of the ultrafiltration device 7 through a pipeline B, and a valve B9 is arranged on the pipeline B; the water intake of the seawater water intake pump 3 is communicated with the seawater 2;
the waste heat recycling system comprises a heat pump 28, the heat pump 28 is used for recycling heat of a closed water system in a nuclear power plant (not shown in the figure), a first cold medium inlet of the heat pump 28 is connected with a circulating water inlet 26 of the nuclear power plant, a first cold medium outlet of the heat pump 28 is connected with a circulating water outlet 27 of the nuclear power plant, a second cold medium inlet of the heat pump 28 is connected with return water 25 of a heat supply network, and a second cold medium outlet of the heat pump 28 is connected with supply water 23 of the heat supply network;
and the nuclear power plant 1 respectively supplies power to the electrode boiler 13, the seawater intake pump 3, the pretreatment water tank 5, the ultrafiltration device 7, the reverse osmosis device 10 and the heat pump 28.
The flexibility comprehensive utilization strategy of the flexibility comprehensive utilization device system of the nuclear power plant with the energy storage function, which is described in the embodiment 1, comprises the following contents:
1. desalination of sea water
The seawater desalination system takes a nuclear power plant 1 as a power supply and seawater 2 as a water source, the peak load of the nuclear power plant 1 is absorbed, fresh water is prepared by using the peak load, peak-load electricity drives a seawater intake pump 3 to draw seawater 2 as feed water, the seawater first flows through a valve a 4 to reach a pretreatment water tank 5 to pretreat the feed water, namely the original seawater, and the pretreatment mainly comprises the steps of removing suspended solids, colloids, bacteria, organic matters and the like, adjusting the pH value, adding a scale inhibitor and the like to control the scale formation of calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate, so that the turbidity of the feed water can be greatly reduced, and the feed water meets the requirement of a reverse osmosis membrane on the quality of the feed water; the pretreated feed water flows through a valve b 6 and enters an ultrafiltration device 7, the filtration precision is between 0.001 and 0.1 micron, the operation method is dead-end filtration by utilizing a membrane separation technology of pressure difference, harmful substances such as rust, silt, suspended matters, colloid, bacteria, macromolecular organic matters and the like in the water are further filtered, and some mineral elements beneficial to the human body can be reserved; the feed water after ultrafiltration enters a reverse osmosis device 10 through a valve A8 for main desalination treatment, and the reverse osmosis device 10 removes most of soluble salt, colloid, organic matters and microorganisms in the feed water by utilizing the characteristics of a reverse osmosis membrane to ensure that the quality of the effluent water reaches the standard; if the water quality after the reverse osmosis treatment does not reach the standard, the water after the reverse osmosis equipment 10 passes through the valve B9 and then passes through the ultrafiltration equipment 7, the valve A8 and the reverse osmosis equipment 10 again for desalination treatment;
in the process of seawater desalination, the nuclear power plant 1 supplies power for the seawater taking pump 3, the pretreatment water tank 5, the ultrafiltration equipment 7 and the reverse osmosis equipment 10 respectively, and the effect of peak regulation and fresh water preparation of the nuclear power plant can be well achieved.
2. Coupling energy storage and heat supply
The boiler and the thermocline energy storage tank system use the nuclear power plant 1 as a power supply, can prepare hot water to achieve the purpose of absorbing peak load regulation of the nuclear power plant, can store heat energy to supply heat for regulation, can realize peak load shifting of heat supply, and can stabilize the difference and fluctuation of heat load and heating power. When the power grid requires the nuclear power plant 1 to reduce the power generation power, the peak load to be reduced is sent to the electrode boiler 13, the electric energy is converted into heat energy and the heat energy is transferred to the medium to realize energy conversion, and after the electrodes are electrified, the current generates heat through the electrodes and water, so that the temperature of the water in the electrode boiler 13 is increased, and the water supply temperature of the heat supply network is reached.
(i) When the heat load at the tail end of a user is high, closing a valve d 14, a valve f 17 and a valve g 19, opening a valve e 15 and a valve h 20, driving all hot water by a water pump 18, entering a heat exchanger 21 through the valve e 15, simultaneously opening a valve i 22 and a valve j 24 on the side of a heat supply network, enabling return water 25 of the heat supply network to enter the heat exchanger 21 through the valve j 24 to exchange heat with hot water prepared by an electrode boiler 13, and then sending the return water into a water supply 23 of the heat supply network through the valve i 22 to serve as hot water for heating residents; the primary side return water of the heat exchanger 21 after heat exchange flows through a valve h 20 and returns to the electrode boiler 13 for reheating, so that heat balance is maintained in a reciprocating manner;
(ii) when the heat load at the tail end of a user is low, opening a valve d 14, a valve e 15, a valve f 17, a valve g 19 and a valve h 20, enabling a part of hot water prepared by the electrode boiler 13 to enter a heat exchanger 21 to directly exchange heat with return water 25 of a heat supply network, and enabling the other part of hot water to enter an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank 16 and be stored at the upper part of a tank body in a high-temperature hot water mode; when the heat load is increased, the hot water enters the heat exchanger 21 through the valve f 17 to supplement heat, the heating heat supply network returns water 25, then the primary side of the heat exchanger returns low-temperature water, one part returns to the electrode boiler 13 to be reheated, and the other part returns to the lower part of the thermocline energy storage tank 16 to be stored through the valve h 20 and the valve g 19 in sequence;
(iii) when the heat load at the end of a user is lower or heat supply is not needed, the valve e 15, the valve f 17, the valve g 19 and the valve h 20 are closed, only the valve d 14 is opened, hot water prepared by the electrode boiler 13 is sent to the upper part of the inclined temperature layer energy storage tank 16 to be stored until the upper limit of the heat storage amount of the hot water is reached, and the part of heat can be used as a standby heat source or is discharged for heat supply when the heat load is increased when a heating season begins.
3. Waste heat recovery and utilization
The waste heat recycling system adopts a heat pump 28 to recycle heat of a closed water system in a nuclear power plant, warm discharged water at the outlet of a condenser is led out in a heating season and enters an evaporator of the heat pump 28, and the heat in the warm discharged water is extracted and used for heating return water 25 of a heat supply network. Circulating water of a nuclear power plant enters a heat pump 28 through a circulating water inlet 26 of the nuclear power plant, return water 25 of a heat supply network also enters the heat pump 28, meanwhile, the heat pump 28 drives gaseous working media to enter the inside of equipment from a steam source to execute a heat exchange working condition, and circulating water of the nuclear power plant after heat supplement is sent to the heat supply network for water supply 23 for heating after being exhausted by a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine and heat supplement because the circulating water of a condenser belongs to a low-grade heat source, and meanwhile, circulating water of the nuclear power plant after heat supplement enters plant circulating water again and is sent back to the nuclear power plant.
In conclusion, the nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function is coupled with the thermocline energy storage tank, the seawater desalination device, the electrode boiler and the waste heat recycling system, single-tank energy storage working medium is used for storing heat, peak load regulation of the nuclear power plant is utilized to prepare hot water for heat supply and fresh water of a city water supply system through the electrode boiler and the seawater desalination device, the waste heat recycling system is coupled to increase the overall operation efficiency and the unit thermal efficiency of the nuclear power plant, triple supply of water, heat and electricity of the nuclear power plant comprehensive utilization device system is realized, a low-carbon city heat, water and electricity system is cleaned, and different heat supply requirements of local stations and residents at different time intervals are met;
in addition, the seawater desalination system and the electrode boiler system directly take electricity from a nuclear power plant, can be used as service power, and directly absorb the peak load of nuclear power regulation; the electrode boiler system is coupled with a thermocline heat storage tank, so that hot water can be prepared; the position of the thermocline heat storage tank is positioned between a heat supply network and a nuclear power plant, and the front part and the rear part of the thermocline heat storage tank are separated by a heat exchanger; the inclined temperature layer energy storage tank is configured, so that the heat supply amount of nuclear energy heat supply of a nuclear power plant can be flexibly allocated, and meanwhile, the inclined temperature layer energy storage tank is used as a buffer device, so that the impact of heat load fluctuation of a heat supply network on a nuclear power unit is stabilized, the frequent regulation of the steam extraction power of the unit is reduced, and the safety and the stability of the unit operation are ensured; the peak regulation load of the nuclear power plant is eliminated, so that the frequent regulation of the load of a nuclear power unit is avoided, and the safety and stability of the operation of the nuclear power plant are guaranteed; the waste heat of the circulating water of the condenser of the nuclear power plant is utilized, so that the overall operation efficiency and the heat efficiency of the nuclear power plant are improved; the seawater desalination system is used as a technical form with larger power consumption, and is combined with the application scene of peak regulation of the nuclear power plant, so that the problem of power source of seawater desalination is solved, and the problem of peak regulation load consumption of the nuclear power plant is also solved.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the protection scope and the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A nuclear power plant flexible comprehensive utilization device system with an energy storage function is characterized by comprising a boiler, an inclined temperature layer energy storage tank system and a seawater desalination system;
the boiler and thermocline energy storage tank system comprises an electrode boiler, a thermocline energy storage tank and a heat exchanger, wherein a water outlet of the electrode boiler is connected with a heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger, a water inlet of the electrode boiler is connected with a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger, an upper inlet of the thermocline energy storage tank is connected with a water outlet of the electrode boiler, a lower inlet of the thermocline energy storage tank is connected with a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger, and an outlet of the thermocline energy storage tank is connected with a heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger; a cold medium inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with return water of a heat supply network, and a cold medium outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with water supply of the heat supply network;
the seawater desalination system comprises a seawater water taking pump, a seawater desalination device and a water supply system which are connected in sequence;
and the nuclear power plant respectively supplies power to the electrode boiler, the seawater taking pump and the seawater desalination device.
2. The nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a waste heat recovery utilization system, wherein the waste heat recovery utilization system comprises a heat pump, a first cold medium inlet of the heat pump is connected with a circulating water inlet of the nuclear power plant, a first cold medium outlet of the heat pump is connected with a circulating water outlet of the nuclear power plant, a second cold medium inlet of the heat pump is connected with return water of a heat supply network, and a second cold medium outlet of the heat pump is connected with water supply of the heat supply network; and a nuclear power plant supplies power to the heat pump.
3. The nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein a water pump is arranged on a pipeline connecting a water outlet of the electrode boiler with a heat medium inlet of the heat exchanger.
4. The nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the seawater desalination device comprises a pretreatment water tank, an ultrafiltration device and a reverse osmosis device which are connected in sequence, the seawater taking pump is connected with the pretreatment water tank, and the reverse osmosis device is connected with a water supply system; and the nuclear power plant respectively supplies power to the pretreatment water tank, the ultrafiltration equipment and the reverse osmosis equipment.
5. The nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function as claimed in claim 4, wherein a pipeline connecting the ultrafiltration apparatus and the reverse osmosis apparatus is an A pipeline, and a valve A is arranged on the A pipeline.
6. The nuclear power plant flexibility comprehensive utilization device system with the energy storage function as claimed in claim 5, wherein a water outlet of the reverse osmosis equipment is connected with a water inlet of the ultrafiltration equipment through a pipeline B, and a valve B is arranged on the pipeline B.
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| CN115387875A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-25 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | High-temperature gas cooled reactor power generation, energy storage and hydrogen production coupling operation system and method |
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| CN115387875A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-25 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | High-temperature gas cooled reactor power generation, energy storage and hydrogen production coupling operation system and method |
| CN115387875B (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2024-05-07 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | High-temperature gas cooled reactor power generation, energy storage and hydrogen production coupling operation system and method |
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