CN109387702A - A kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit and method - Google Patents
A kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109387702A CN109387702A CN201710660861.6A CN201710660861A CN109387702A CN 109387702 A CN109387702 A CN 109387702A CN 201710660861 A CN201710660861 A CN 201710660861A CN 109387702 A CN109387702 A CN 109387702A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2605—Measuring capacitance
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit and method, method includes: that MCU the first single-pole three throw analog switch of control is switched to ADC1, and the second single-pole three throw analog switch of control is switched to ADC2；The voltage difference for reading and calculating ADC1 and ADC2, is stored as X1；MCU controls the switching of the first single-pole three throw analog switch and is connected with the 6th discharge resistance, and the second single-pole three throw analog switch of control is switched to be connected with the 7th discharge resistance, carries out capacitor electric discharge；MCU controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch and is switched to ADC2, and the second single-pole three throw analog switch of control is switched to ADC1, reads and calculate the voltage difference of ADC1 and ADC2, be stored as X2；If X1 is greater than X2, the foot that testing capacitance is connected with A is judged for anode, the foot being connected with B is cathode.Detection circuit and method of the invention can be applied in the test fixture tooling of production line, and the polarity for capacitor on on-line testing product is welded Problem-Error, have low cost, using the advantages of convenient, automatic test is without manual intervention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to single-chip microcontroller electric detective technology field, in particular to a kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit and method.
Background technique
Electrolytic capacitor usually plays power filter, decoupling, signal coupling in time in power circuit or intermediate frequency, low-frequency channel
Between constant setting and the effects of stopping direct current.The capacity that electrolytic capacitor has the capacitance of unit volume very big, specified can be done
There is to very big and price than other types the feature of overwhelming dominance, and the equipment for manufacturing electrolytic capacitor is also all common
Industrial equipment can be mass produced, and cost compares lower.Therefore, it often uses in electronic equipment of various at present
Electrolytic capacitor, electrolytic capacitor is a kind of with polar capacitor, if polarity may result in after welding incorrect device power
Explosion, it is serious to will cause work safety accident.Currently detection polar for capacitor is generally used visually in the production line
Method, output is small have plenty of time in the case where can also guarantee accuracy rate, it is urgent in the bigger detection time of output
In the case where be easy for mistake occur.A kind of method of on-line testing is needed for this problem to detect the welding of capacitor polarity
Correctness.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit and method, benefit are proposed
Leakage current is small when being connected with capacitor forward direction, and ohmic leakage is big, and leakage current is big when Opposite direction connection, and the small universal feature of ohmic leakage is adopted
With the mode of constant current source charging, the pressure drop at capacitor both ends is detected, the polarity of capacitor is judged with this；Circuit and detection of the invention
Method can be applied in the test fixture tooling of production line, is welded mistake for the polarity of capacitor on on-line testing product and asks
Topic has low cost, using the advantages of convenient, automatic test is without manual intervention.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit, comprising: micro-control unit MCU, constant current source control circuit, pure resistor element circuit,
One single-pole three throw analog switch and the second single-pole three throw analog switch；
The micro-control unit MCU is used to judge according to pressure drop between testing capacitance bipod the polarity of electrolytic capacitor；Including with
In the first output end for controlling the first single-pole three throw analog switch stationary contact switching and for controlling second hilted broadsword three
Throw the second output terminal of analog switch stationary contact switching；It further include read the pure resistor element circuit output point ADC1 voltage first
Input terminal and the second input terminal for reading the constant current source control circuit output point ADC2 voltage；
The control terminal of the first single-pole three throw analog switch is connected with the first output end of the micro-control unit MCU,
Its movable contact A is connected with a foot of testing capacitance, the first stationary contact by the 6th discharge resistance be grounded, the second stationary contact with
The pure resistor element circuit output point ADC1 is connected, and third stationary contact is connected with the constant current source control circuit output point ADC2；
The control terminal of the second single-pole three throw analog switch is connected with the second output terminal of the micro-control unit MCU,
Its movable contact B is connected with another foot of testing capacitance, and the first stationary contact is grounded by the 7th discharge resistance, the second stationary contact
It is connected with the pure resistor element circuit output point ADC1, third stationary contact and the constant current source control circuit output point ADC2 phase
Even.
The constant current source control circuit includes: the first DC power supply, the first adjustable resistance, the second adjustable resistance, third limit
Leakage resistance, the 4th adjustable resistance, operational amplifier and switched charge control metal-oxide-semiconductor；First adjustable resistance and second adjustable
Resistance is series between first DC power supply and ground；The concatenation point and institute of first adjustable resistance and the second adjustable resistance
The non-inverting input terminal for stating operational amplifier is connected；The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded by the 4th adjustable resistance；
The output end of the operational amplifier is connected by the third current-limiting resistance with the grid that the switched charge controls metal-oxide-semiconductor；
The source electrode of the switched charge control metal-oxide-semiconductor is grounded by the 4th adjustable resistance；The leakage of the switched charge control metal-oxide-semiconductor
Pole is connected with output point ADC2.
The pure resistor element circuit includes: the second DC power supply and the 5th current-limiting resistance；Second DC power supply passes through the
Five current-limiting resistances are connected with output point ADC1.
First DC power supply is equal with second DC power supply.
A kind of capacitor polarity detection method is applied on a kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit, is included the following steps:
The stationary contact that micro-control unit MCU controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch is switched to the second stationary contact ADC1, controls
The stationary contact for making the second single-pole three throw analog switch is switched to third stationary contact ADC2；Voltage value at reading ADC1 and ADC2 is simultaneously
Difference Storage is X1 by the voltage difference for calculating ADC1 and ADC2；
The stationary contact that micro-control unit MCU controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch is switched to the first stationary contact and puts with the 6th
Resistance is connected, and the second single-pole three throw analog switch stationary contact of control is switched to the first stationary contact and is connected with the 7th discharge resistance,
Carry out capacitor electric discharge；
Micro-control unit MCU controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch stationary contact and is switched to third stationary contact ADC2, controls
Second single-pole three throw analog switch stationary contact is switched to the second stationary contact ADC1, reads the voltage value at ADC1 and ADC2 and calculating
Difference Storage is X2 by the voltage difference of ADC1 and ADC2；
Judge whether X1 is greater than X2, if it does, judging testing capacitance and the first single-pole three throw analog switch movable contact A
Connected foot is anode, and the foot being connected with the second single-pole three throw analog switch movable contact B is cathode；Otherwise, judge electricity to be measured
Holding the foot being connected with movable contact A is cathode, and the foot being connected with movable contact B is anode.
The stationary contact that the micro-control unit MCU controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch is switched to the second stationary contact ADC1
Before, further includes:
The bipod of testing capacitance is inserted into movable contact A and movable contact B respectively；Alternatively, the probe by jig tool equipment is caught
Capacitor bipod is inserted into movable contact A and movable contact B respectively.
The bipod of testing capacitance is inserted into movable contact A and movable contact B respectively；Alternatively, the probe by jig tool equipment is caught
Capacitor bipod is inserted into before movable contact A and movable contact B respectively, further includes:
The first adjustable resistance, the second adjustable resistance and the 4th adjustable electric are set according to the order of magnitude of testing capacitance leakage current
The resistance value of resistance, no matter guaranteeing that the first DC power supply and the second DC power supply are much when detection, leakage current is in safety value
It is in range and constant.
Technical solution provided by the invention has the benefit that
1, the present invention utilizes the universal feature of electrolytic capacitor, determines pin polarity by detecting its ohmic leakage size；
2, the present invention tests electrolytic capacitor ohmic leakage size using constant current source control circuit, has test electric current small and permanent
It is fixed, the low feature of test voltage, circuit safety and to capacitor fanout free region；
3, the present invention is switched using the test of electronic switch (single-pole three throw analog switch) Lai Jinhang testing capacitance bipod, letter
Single and low cost；
4, test method test speed of the present invention is fast, as long as power on can pressure drop between the bipod of testing capacitor, without waiting
Capacitor charging is to a certain limit value.
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but a kind of capacitor polarity inspection of the invention
Slowdown monitoring circuit and method are not limited to the embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of circuit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the overhaul flow chart of the micro-control unit MCU of the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit, comprising: micro-control unit MCU
U1, constant current source control circuit, pure resistor element circuit, the first single-pole three throw analog switch U3 and the second single-pole three throw analog switch U4；
The micro-control unit MCU U1 is used to judge according to pressure drop between testing capacitance bipod the polarity of electrolytic capacitor；Including
For controlling the first output end 1 of the first single-pole three throw analog switch U3 stationary contact switching and for controlling second list
Knife three throws the second output terminal 2 of analog switch U4 stationary contact switching；It further include reading the pure resistor element circuit output point ADC1 electricity
The first input end of pressure and the second input terminal for reading the constant current source control circuit output point ADC2 voltage；
First output end 1 of the control terminal of the first single-pole three throw analog switch U3 and the micro-control unit MCU U1
It is connected, movable contact A is connected with a foot of testing capacitance, and the first stationary contact 1 is grounded by the 6th discharge resistance R6, and second
Stationary contact 2 is connected with the pure resistor element circuit output point ADC1, third stationary contact 3 and the constant current source control circuit output point
ADC2 is connected；
The second output terminal 2 of the control terminal of the second single-pole three throw analog switch U4 and the micro-control unit MCU U1
It is connected, movable contact B is connected with another foot of testing capacitance, and the first stationary contact 1 is grounded by the 7th discharge resistance, and second
Stationary contact 2 is connected with the pure resistor element circuit output point ADC1, third stationary contact 3 and the constant current source control circuit output point
ADC2 is connected.
The constant current source control circuit include: the first DC power supply Vcc, the first adjustable resistance R1, the second adjustable resistance R2,
Third current-limiting resistance R3, the 4th adjustable resistance R4, operational amplifier U2 and switched charge control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；Described first is adjustable
Resistance R1 and the second adjustable resistance R2 are series between the first DC power supply Vcc and ground；The first adjustable resistance R1 and
The concatenation point of second adjustable resistance R2 is connected with the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2；The operational amplifier U2's is anti-
Phase input terminal is grounded by the 4th adjustable resistance R4；The output end of the operational amplifier U2 passes through the third current-limiting resistance R3
It is connected with the grid of switched charge control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；The source electrode of the switched charge control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 passes through the described 4th
Adjustable resistance R4 ground connection；The drain electrode of the switched charge control metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is connected with output point ADC2.
The pure resistor element circuit includes: the second DC power supply Vcc and the 5th current-limiting resistance R5；Second DC power supply
Vcc is connected by the 5th current-limiting resistance R5 with output point ADC1.
By above-mentioned constant current source control circuit it is found that according to the characteristic of operational amplifier, the electricity of the 4th adjustable resistance R4 is flowed through
Stream is Vref/R4, and the electric current that R4 is flowed through when Vref and R4 constant is constant, that is, the electric current for flowing through testing capacitance is constant.Cause
This, it is necessary first to the first adjustable resistance R1 and the second adjustable resistance R2 are set (i.e. according to the order of magnitude of testing capacitance leakage current
Set Vref) and R4 size, no matter test voltage Vcc is much when can guarantee detection, at testing capacitance leakage current
In safety value and constant.Leakage current is small when being connected according to electrolytic capacitor forward direction, and ohmic leakage is big, leakage current when Opposite direction connection
Greatly, the small universal feature of ohmic leakage limits leakage current, then the big connection type of pressure drop between testing capacitance bipod in detection
For forward direction connection, the small connection type of pressure drop is Opposite direction connection, and the positive-negative polarity of testing capacitance is judged with this.
A kind of capacitor polarity detection method is based on the capacitor polarity detection circuit, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the bipod of testing capacitance is inserted into movable contact A and movable contact B respectively；Alternatively, the spy for passing through jig tool equipment
Needle catches capacitor bipod, is inserted into movable contact A and movable contact B respectively；
Step 2, it is quiet that the stationary contact that micro-control unit MCU U1 controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch U3 is switched to second
The stationary contact of contact A DC1, the second single-pole three throw analog switch U4 of control are switched to third stationary contact ADC2；
Step 3, it reads the voltage value at ADC1 and ADC2 and is denoted as a and b respectively；And calculate the voltage difference of ADC1 and ADC2
It (a-b), is X1 by Difference Storage；
Step 4, it is quiet that the stationary contact that micro-control unit MCU U1 controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch U3 is switched to first
Contact 1 is connected with the 6th discharge resistance R6, the second single-pole three throw analog switch U4 stationary contact of control be switched to the first stationary contact 1 with
7th discharge resistance R7 is connected, and carries out capacitor electric discharge；
Step 5, micro-control unit MCU U1 controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch U3 stationary contact and is switched to third stationary contact
Point ADC2, the second single-pole three throw analog switch U4 stationary contact of control are switched to the second stationary contact ADC1；
Step 6, it reads the voltage value at ADC1 and ADC2 and is denoted as c and d respectively；And calculate the voltage difference of ADC1 and ADC2
It (c-d), is X2 by Difference Storage；
Step 7, judge whether X1 is greater than X2, if it does, judging testing capacitance and the first single-pole three throw analog switch
U3 movable contact A connected foot is anode, and the foot being connected with the second single-pole three throw analog switch U4 movable contact B is cathode；Otherwise, sentence
The foot that testing capacitance is connected with movable contact A disconnected out is cathode, and the foot being connected with movable contact B is anode.
It is understood that step 2 to step 7 is real by the software programming in micro-control unit MCU in above-mentioned steps
Existing, detailed process is shown in Figure 2.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit characterized by comprising micro-control unit MCU, constant current source control circuit, pure electricity
Resistance circuit, the first single-pole three throw analog switch and the second single-pole three throw analog switch；
The micro-control unit MCU is used to judge according to pressure drop between testing capacitance bipod the polarity of electrolytic capacitor；Including for controlling
Make the first output end of the first single-pole three throw analog switch stationary contact switching and for controlling the second single-pole three throw mould
The second output terminal of quasi- switch stationary contact point switching；It further include the first input for reading the pure resistor element circuit output point ADC1 voltage
Hold and read the second input terminal of the constant current source control circuit output point ADC2 voltage；
The control terminal of the first single-pole three throw analog switch is connected with the first output end of the micro-control unit MCU, moves
Contact A is connected with a foot of testing capacitance, the first stationary contact by the 6th discharge resistance be grounded, the second stationary contact with it is described
Pure resistor element circuit output point ADC1 is connected, and third stationary contact is connected with the constant current source control circuit output point ADC2；
The control terminal of the second single-pole three throw analog switch is connected with the second output terminal of the micro-control unit MCU, moves
Contact B is connected with another foot of testing capacitance, and the first stationary contact is grounded by the 7th discharge resistance, the second stationary contact and institute
It states pure resistor element circuit output point ADC1 to be connected, third stationary contact is connected with the constant current source control circuit output point ADC2.
2. capacitor polarity detection circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the constant current source control circuit includes:
First DC power supply, the first adjustable resistance, the second adjustable resistance, third current-limiting resistance, the 4th adjustable resistance, operational amplifier and
Switched charge controls metal-oxide-semiconductor；First adjustable resistance and the second adjustable resistance are series at first DC power supply and ground
Between；The concatenation point of first adjustable resistance and the second adjustable resistance is connected with the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier；Institute
The inverting input terminal for stating operational amplifier is grounded by the 4th adjustable resistance；The output end of the operational amplifier passes through described the
Three current-limiting resistances are connected with the grid of switched charge control metal-oxide-semiconductor；The source electrode of the switched charge control metal-oxide-semiconductor passes through institute
State the 4th adjustable resistance ground connection；The drain electrode of the switched charge control metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected with output point ADC2.
3. capacitor polarity detection circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pure resistor element circuit includes: second
DC power supply and the 5th current-limiting resistance；Second DC power supply is connected by the 5th current-limiting resistance with output point ADC1.
4. capacitor polarity detection circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first DC power supply and described the
Two DC power supplies are equal.
5. a kind of capacitor polarity detection method, which is characterized in that apply in any one of such as Claims 1 to 4 claim
The circuit, includes the following steps:
The stationary contact that micro-control unit MCU controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch is switched to the second stationary contact ADC1, control the
The stationary contact of two single-pole three throw analog switches is switched to third stationary contact ADC2；Read the voltage value at ADC1 and ADC2 and calculating
Difference Storage is X1 by the voltage difference of ADC1 and ADC2；
The stationary contact that micro-control unit MCU controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch is switched to the first stationary contact and the 6th electric discharge electricity
Resistance is connected, and the second single-pole three throw analog switch stationary contact of control is switched to the first stationary contact and is connected with the 7th discharge resistance, carries out
Capacitor electric discharge；
Micro-control unit MCU controls the first single-pole three throw analog switch stationary contact and is switched to third stationary contact ADC2, control second
Single-pole three throw analog switch stationary contact is switched to the second stationary contact ADC1, reads the voltage value at ADC1 and ADC2 and calculates ADC1
It is X2 by Difference Storage with the voltage difference of ADC2；
Judge whether X1 is greater than X2, if it does, judging that testing capacitance is connected with the first single-pole three throw analog switch movable contact A
Foot be anode, the foot being connected with the second single-pole three throw analog switch movable contact B be cathode；Otherwise, judge testing capacitance with
Movable contact A connected foot is cathode, and the foot being connected with movable contact B is anode.
6. capacitor polarity detection method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that micro-control unit MCU control the
The stationary contact of one single-pole three throw analog switch is switched to before the second stationary contact ADC1, further includes:
The bipod of testing capacitance is inserted into movable contact A and movable contact B respectively；Alternatively, the probe by jig tool equipment catches capacitor
Bipod is inserted into movable contact A and movable contact B respectively.
7. capacitor polarity detection method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the bipod of testing capacitance to be inserted into respectively
Movable contact A and movable contact B；Alternatively, catching capacitor bipod by the probe of jig tool equipment, it is inserted into movable contact A and movable contact B respectively
Before, further includes:
The first adjustable resistance, the second adjustable resistance and the 4th adjustable resistance are set according to the order of magnitude of testing capacitance leakage current
Resistance value, no matter guaranteeing that the first DC power supply and the second DC power supply are much when detection, leakage current is in safety value range
It is interior and constant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710660861.6A CN109387702A (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | A kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710660861.6A CN109387702A (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | A kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109387702A true CN109387702A (en) | 2019-02-26 |
Family
ID=65413409
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710660861.6A Pending CN109387702A (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | A kind of capacitor polarity detection circuit and method |
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| CN (1) | CN109387702A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110988752A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 常州同惠电子股份有限公司 | Capacitance polarity testing method for wire tester |
| CN111082405A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Capacitor reverse connection protection device, capacitor equipment and capacitor reverse connection protection method thereof |
| CN112557864A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-26 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Circuit and method for judging type and pin of triode |
| CN114993120A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-09-02 | 上海芯飏科技有限公司 | Detection circuit and method for leakage current of ignition capacitor of electronic detonator |
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| CN1963549A (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-05-16 | 英业达股份有限公司 | Method and system for testing installation direction of polarity of capacitor automatically |
| CN201477159U (en) * | 2009-06-29 | 2010-05-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究院 | Electrolytic capacitor polarity recognizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110988752A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 常州同惠电子股份有限公司 | Capacitance polarity testing method for wire tester |
| CN110988752B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-02-08 | 常州同惠电子股份有限公司 | Capacitance polarity testing method for wire tester |
| CN111082405A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Capacitor reverse connection protection device, capacitor equipment and capacitor reverse connection protection method thereof |
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| CN114993120A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-09-02 | 上海芯飏科技有限公司 | Detection circuit and method for leakage current of ignition capacitor of electronic detonator |
| CN114993120B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-10-31 | 上海芯飏科技有限公司 | Detection circuit and method for leakage current of ignition capacitor of electronic detonator |
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