CN109385049A - 一种防静电改性聚噻吩树脂及其在精密检测仪器上的应用 - Google Patents
一种防静电改性聚噻吩树脂及其在精密检测仪器上的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种防静电改性聚噻吩树脂及其在精密检测仪器上的应用,所述树脂包括低分子量聚苯胺、噻吩单体、催化剂,其中低分子量聚苯胺的数均分子量为800‑3000,低分子量聚苯胺与噻吩的质量比为1‑2:8‑10。本发明的改性聚噻吩树脂具有优异的电导率,其中HT结构的占比能够达到三种混合物总和的90%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及检测设备防静电技术领域,具体涉及一种防静电改性聚噻吩树脂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
静电是日常生活和工作中常见的自然现象,它产生的原因有多方面,人或设备等在活动中都可能产生静电,静电积累到一定程度会造成较大的危害,尤其对于一些高精密的检测仪器,如色谱仪等,如造成仪器损坏需要耗费大量的人力物力来修复。
采用导电聚合物树脂制备检测的仪器设备的壳体部件,或者采用导电高分子材料制备成待检测产品的容器等,在样品转移和检测过程中可以有效避免静电的积累,进而减少静电对检测产品或者检测仪器的破坏。现有的导电聚合物一般分为掺杂型导电聚合物和本征导电聚合物,前者是通过掺杂导电材料等手段,能使得电导率在半导体和导体范围内的聚合物,掺杂型导电聚合物的性能与掺杂的组分及其掺杂量有着密切关系,由于聚合物本身掺杂量的限制,大大阻碍了掺杂型导电聚合物的应用和发展。本征导电聚合物(intrinsic condcuting polymer)是一种新型的导电高分子材料,由于有特殊的结构而使其本身具有导电的可能性,常见的本征型导电聚合物有:聚乙炔、聚噻吩、聚吡咯、聚苯胺、聚苯撑、聚苯撑乙烯和聚双炔等。这种导电材料相对于掺杂型导电聚合物具有更广阔的应用前景,但也存在导电性能较弱的问题。这些需求,给高分子导电聚合物产品提供了广阔的应用空间,也对其导电、抗静电性能提出了越来越高的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中导电高分子聚合物的缺点和不足,具体而言,提供一种抗静电性能优异的改性聚噻吩树脂及其制备方法和应用。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的方案是:
一种防静电改性聚噻吩树脂,包括如下组分:低分子量聚苯胺、噻吩单体、催化剂,其中低分子量聚苯胺的数均分子量为800-3000,低分子量聚苯胺与噻吩的质量比为1-2:8-10。
优选地,所述噻吩单体包含单卤代噻吩、双卤代噻吩、乙烯二氧噻吩中的至少一种。
优选地,所述低分子量聚苯胺的数均分子量为1000-2000。
优选地,所述催化剂为Ni(dppe)Cl2、格氏试剂、铂催化剂中的一种,催化剂用量为噻吩单体用量的1-2%。
优选地,所述低分子量聚苯胺为直径5~25nm的纳米颗粒。
优选地,所述树脂中还掺杂有导电材料。
本发明还提供上述的防静电改性聚噻吩树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将噻吩单体配置成质量浓度为10-20%的溶液;
(2)将低分子量聚苯胺加入到步骤(1)所得溶液中,在500-1000rpm下低速搅拌5-10min;
(3)加入催化剂,调节pH值为7-8,低温反应12-18h,除杂即得所述改性聚噻吩树脂。
优选地,步骤(1)采用的溶剂为水、醇或者醇水混合溶液。
优选地,步骤(3)所述的低温条件为不超过30℃。
上述的防静电改性聚噻吩树脂在检测领域的应用,其特征在于,用于制作检测仪器外壳或者检测样品容器。
另外,本发明的防静电改性聚噻吩树脂还可以应用于任何对于抗静电或导电有要求的环境。
噻吩单体在聚合制备成聚噻吩后,得到的通常是由三种产物组成的混合物,具体结构如下所示:
聚噻吩的抗静电性能与其分子链的长度、结构的规整度、取向程度密切相关,而其中HT结构产物的共轭程度最高,结构更趋向于平面化,对导电率和其他性能都更加有利。因此,改性聚噻吩结构中HT结构越多,聚噻吩的抗静电性能越优异。而通过本申请的制备方法得到的改性聚噻吩树脂,HT结构的占比能够达到三种混合物总和的90%以上,进而使最终的改性聚噻吩树脂具备更优异的导电性能。
另外,本申请还添加了低分子量聚苯胺,其数均分子量为800-3000,优选的数均分子量为1000-2000。聚苯胺也是一种本征型导电高分子聚合物,申请人发现通过特定数均分子量的聚苯胺的加入,不仅可以提高改性聚噻吩的抗静电性能,还能够调控改性聚噻吩树脂中HT结构的含量,其数均分子量的选择是本发明的改性聚噻吩树脂中HT结构的占比能够达到90%以上的关键。
相对于现有技术而言,本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明的改性聚噻吩树脂中HT结构的占比能够达到三种混合物总和的 90%以上,具有优异的抗静电性能。
2、特定数均分子量的聚苯胺的加入,不仅提高了改性聚噻吩的抗静电性能,还能够调控改性聚噻吩树脂中HT结构的含量。
3、聚苯胺的合适用量也能使改性聚苯胺树脂的抗静电性能带来很大提升。
具体实施方式
为更好的理解本发明,下面的实施例是对本发明的进一步说明,但本发明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。
实施例1
将100g噻吩单体制备成质量浓度为15%的水溶液,然后与10g数均分子量为800的聚苯胺混合,在500-1000rpm下低速搅拌5-10min,加入2g催化剂,调节pH值为7-8,低温反应12-18h,除杂即得所述改性聚噻吩树脂;将所得改性聚噻吩树脂经恒压压片制备成直径为12mm,厚度1.5mm的片材,采用微电流测量仪测量其电导率。另外,对上述改性聚噻吩树脂进行XRD分析,计算得出 HT占HH、HT、TT的比例。
实施例2
聚苯胺数均分子量为500,其他配方同实施例1。
实施例3
聚苯胺数均分子量为1000,其他配方同实施例1。
实施例4
聚苯胺数均分子量为2000,其他配方同实施例1。
实施例5
聚苯胺数均分子量为3000,其他配方同实施例1。
实施例6
聚苯胺数均分子量为4000,其他配方同实施例1。
表1.实施例1-6的HT含量及电导率
HT含量 | 电导率(10<sup>-7</sup>s·m<sup>-1</sup>) | |
实施例1 | 90.2% | 4.98 |
实施例2 | 84.6% | 3.14 |
实施例3 | 91.3% | 5.16 |
实施例4 | 92.5% | 5.28 |
实施例5 | 90.6% | 5.07 |
实施例6 | 86.7% | 3.25 |
从上表可以看出,当低分子量聚苯胺的数均分子量在800-3000时,其中HT 含量均高于90%,电导率也相对于其他实施例高。
实施例7
取20g聚苯胺和80g噻吩单体,其他配方同实施例1。
实施例8
取10g聚苯胺和120g噻吩单体,其他配方同实施例1。
实施例9
取30g聚苯胺和80g噻吩单体,,其他配方同实施例1。
表2.实施例1、7-9的电导率
电导率(10<sup>-7</sup>s·m<sup>-1</sup>) | |
实施例1 | 4.98 |
实施例7 | 5.06 |
实施例8 | 4.34 |
实施例9 | 4.48 |
上述检测结果可以看出,聚苯胺与噻吩单体的用量在1-2:8-10之间时,其电导率要比其他的比例高。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式而已,当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变动,这些改进和变动也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种防静电改性聚噻吩树脂,其特征在于,包括如下组分:低分子量聚苯胺、噻吩单体、催化剂,其中低分子量聚苯胺的数均分子量为800-3000,低分子量聚苯胺与噻吩的质量比为1-2:8-10。
2.根据权利要求1所述的树脂,其特征在于,所述噻吩单体包含单卤代噻吩、双卤代噻吩、乙烯二氧噻吩中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的树脂,其特征在于,所述低分子量聚苯胺的数均分子量为1000-2000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的树脂,其特征在于,所述催化剂为Ni(dppe)Cl2、格氏试剂、铂催化剂中的一种,催化剂用量为噻吩单体用量的1-2%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的树脂,其特征在于,所述低分子量聚苯胺为直径5~25nm的纳米颗粒。
6.根据权利要求1所述的树脂,其特征在于,所述树脂中还掺杂有导电材料。
7.如权利要求1~5任一项所述的防静电改性聚噻吩树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将噻吩单体配置成质量浓度为10-20%的溶液;
(2)将低分子量聚苯胺加入到步骤(1)所得溶液中,在500-1000rpm下低速搅拌5-10min;
(3)加入催化剂,调节pH值为7-8,低温反应12-18h,除杂即得所述改性聚噻吩树脂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)采用的溶剂为水、醇或者醇水混合溶液。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述的低温条件为不超过30℃。
10.如权利要求1~6任一项所述的防静电改性聚噻吩树脂在检测领域的应用,其特征在于,用于制作检测仪器外壳或者检测样品容器。
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