CN109381257B - Laser treatment system combining laser and photothermal treatment - Google Patents
Laser treatment system combining laser and photothermal treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109381257B CN109381257B CN201811495008.4A CN201811495008A CN109381257B CN 109381257 B CN109381257 B CN 109381257B CN 201811495008 A CN201811495008 A CN 201811495008A CN 109381257 B CN109381257 B CN 109381257B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/062—Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/0625—Warming the body, e.g. hyperthermia treatment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/067—Radiation therapy using light using laser light
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2244—Features of optical fibre cables, e.g. claddings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2255—Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips
- A61B2018/2261—Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips with scattering, diffusion or dispersion of light
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N2005/063—Radiation therapy using light comprising light transmitting means, e.g. optical fibres
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N2005/0658—Radiation therapy using light characterised by the wavelength of light used
Abstract
The invention provides a laser treatment system combining laser and photothermal treatment, wherein a photothermal material is arranged on the upper part of the end face of an emergent optical fiber, the high-efficiency photothermal conversion of the photothermal material is utilized to improve the heat production capacity of a probe, the temperature of the optical fiber is improved, the high temperature of the tip of the optical fiber and the laser simultaneously act on tissues, the laser and photothermal treatment are combined, the operation efficiency is greatly improved, the required laser power is greatly reduced compared with that of a traditional optical fiber non-contact method, the heat is prevented from being accumulated in the center of the fiber core, the generation of a thermal lens effect is effectively prevented, the optical damage to the material is reduced, and the problem of the. The laser and the photothermal therapy can be carried out independently, and a user can flexibly select a use mode according to actual conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser treatment, in particular to a laser treatment system combining laser and photothermal treatment.
Background
The 2-micron laser is called as 'eye-safe' laser and has wide prospects in the fields of medical operations, atmospheric monitoring, laser radars, remote sensing and the like. With the development of the optical fiber manufacturing process, the optical fiber laser taking the optical fiber as the matrix makes remarkable progress in the aspects of reducing the threshold value, the oscillation wavelength range, the wavelength tunable performance and the like, becomes a new technology in the laser field at present, and is widely regarded by various aspects of society. The thulium-doped fiber laser is a novel high-power laser, and the thulium-doped quartz fiber is used as a gain medium, has the working wavelength of 2 mu m and is in the wavelength range safe for human eyes. With the improvement of optical fiber design and preparation process and the development of semiconductor laser pumping technology, 2 μm waveband thulium-doped fiber lasers are rapidly developed. The thulium-doped fiber laser can provide long-wave laser oscillation with the wavelength of about 2 mu m, is close to the absorption peak of water, has fast energy absorption and shallow penetration depth (only 0.2mm), quickly vaporizes irradiated tissues, has small thermal injury, has excellent vaporization, cutting and blood coagulation effects on human tissues, can be transmitted by common optical fibers, and is an ideal surgical laser light source.
The output power of fiber lasers is mainly limited by thermal damage, and the essential reasons for heat generation in the fiber are: when the pump light is converted into the laser, the energy of the pump photon and the energy of the laser signal photon are different due to different energy levels, and the excitation state energy is released through a nonradiative transition or a cross relaxation process, so that energy is remained and is deposited in the optical fiber to generate heat, namely a quantum defect process. The accumulation of heat in the fiber can cause thermal lens, core melting, and even optical discharge effects. The thermal lens effect is that when a laser medium is pumped, because the periphery of the laser medium is cooled by cooling water which is a heat dissipation fluid, the central temperature is higher than that of the periphery, the laser medium expands most, a temperature gradient is formed, and a refractive index gradient is further formed. The thermal lens effect is the most influential of various thermal effects on the quality of the light beam. The melting of the fiber core is caused by the fact that the temperature of the fiber core reaches the melting temperature of quartz due to heat accumulation, and the fiber core is melted to lose light transmission capacity. Patent document CN101728758B proposes a technical solution in which at least two crystals with different doping concentrations are arranged in a front-to-back gap manner to reduce the thermal effect. However, the doped structure can cause uneven energy absorption in the incident direction of pump light inside the crystal, and a temperature gradient effect, an end surface deformation thermal lens effect, a birefringence effect and the like are formed inside the crystal, and the thermal effects limit the improvement of the laser working crystal on the incident light absorption efficiency and limit the improvement of the output power of the laser.
Photothermal therapy is a therapeutic method for killing cancer cells by converting light energy into heat energy under the irradiation of an external light source (generally, near infrared light) using a material having a high photothermal conversion efficiency. The precondition of photothermal therapy is that a certain amount of photothermal material is injected into the human body, and the photothermal material is distributed to various tissues and organs of the human body including diseased tissues through blood circulation and stays in the human body for a long time or even longer, and the long-term existence of photothermal material causes unpredictable potential toxic and side effects in the human body, which has become an important obstacle to clinical transformation of photothermal material. CN107412957A discloses a photothermal therapy probe based on photothermal nano material, which comprises a cylindrical shell with one end closed, and photothermal nano material filled in the closed end inside the shell, and kills tumor and other pathological tissue cells by implementing high temperature. However, this solution only uses high temperature to perform the treatment, and it encloses the nano-material in the housing, which is complicated in structure and inefficient in heat generation.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the laser treatment system combining laser and photothermal treatment, the photothermal material is arranged on the end face of the emergent optical fiber, the heat production capacity of the probe is improved by utilizing the efficient photothermal conversion of the photothermal material, the temperature of the optical fiber is improved, the high temperature of the tip of the optical fiber and the laser simultaneously act on tissues, and the operation efficiency is greatly improved by combining the laser and photothermal treatment. The laser and the photothermal therapy can be carried out independently, and a user can flexibly select a use mode according to actual conditions.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a combine laser and laser therapy system of light and heat treatment, its characterized in that, the system includes laser source and laser therapy head, laser source is including mixing thulium light source and infrared light source, laser therapy head includes laser outgoing optical fiber, be formed with the optothermal material on the terminal surface of laser outgoing optical fiber, optothermal material covers part optic fibre terminal surface.
The shape of the photo-thermal material may be set according to actual needs, and may be any shape or combination of circular, dotted, linear, radial, and the like. The high-efficiency photothermal conversion of the photothermal material on the end face of the optical fiber improves the heat generating capacity of the probe and the temperature of the optical fiber. The area of the photothermal material covering the end face of the optical fiber can be selected according to the situation, preferably controlled to be 5% -60%, optimally controlled to be 30% -50%, and particularly preferably 35%. Therefore, the emergent of the laser is not influenced too much, the heat generating capacity of the probe can be improved, the temperature of the optical fiber is improved, and the output of the laser is not influenced.
The laser light source comprises a pumping source, a beam splitter, a resonant cavity and a beam combiner, the resonant cavity comprises two cavity mirrors and a doped gain fiber, the two cavity mirrors are semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirrors, the first cavity mirror transmits pumping light and reflects signal light generated by the gain fiber, the second cavity mirror transmits the signal light generated by the gain fiber and reflects the pumping light, the beam splitter can control the amount of the pumping light entering the resonant cavity, and the beam combiner is used for combining laser output by the resonant cavity and part of the pumping light into single beam light.
The pumping source adopts near infrared semiconductor laser pumping.
The beam splitter structure includes three blades, one of which is a half-silvered mirror so that a portion of light that is incident at a 45-degree angle and is not absorbed by the coating (the amount of transmitted light can be controlled by controlling the thickness of the deposit or the coating area) is transmitted and the remaining portion is reflected, one of which is a total reflection mirror and the other of which is a total transmission mirror. The beam splitter can rotate around the axis as required to control any one of the three blades to be positioned in the light path. When the photodynamic therapy is carried out, the total reflection mirror is positioned in the optical path to reflect all the pump light, so that the optical fiber outputs near infrared light for the photodynamic therapy. When laser therapy is carried out, the full-projection lens is positioned in the light path, all the pump light is transmitted, the pump light enters the resonant cavity to generate output laser, and the optical fiber outputs 2um high-energy pulse laser for laser therapy. When the photodynamic therapy and the laser therapy are used in a matched mode, the half silvered mirror is located in a light path, part of pump light is reflected, part of pump light is transmitted, and the optical fiber outputs mixed light of near infrared and 2um high-energy pulse laser.
Preferably, half silvered mirror can be changed as required, adjusts and controls the proportion of output near-infrared and 2um high energy pulse laser through using the half silvered mirror of different transmission ratios.
The half-silvered mirror may be produced by sputtering a metal coating onto a sheet of glass or plastic, forming a discontinuous coating or by removing small areas of a continuous coating by chemical or mechanical action.
The beam combiner can be a semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, and outputs laser through the resonant cavity to reflect the pump light.
The photo-thermal material can be formed on the surface of the optical fiber by any one of coating, vapor deposition, magnetron sputtering, evaporation and welding. The fusion bonding is performed under a protective atmosphere using an atmosphere composed of He gas, which is effective in preventing oxidation of the material at high temperatures.
The photothermal material may be one or more of a metal photothermal material, diamond, or a semiconductor photothermal material.
Preferably, the photothermal material is a nanomaterial.
The photo-thermal nano material may be one or more of a metal photo-thermal nano material, a nano diamond or a semiconductor nano material.
The metal photo-thermal nano material can be one or more of gold, platinum and palladium nano materials.
The semiconductor nano material can be one or more of copper sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, bismuth sulfide, antimony sulfide, gold sulfide copper selenide, molybdenum selenide, bismuth selenide, antimony selenide or gold selenide.
The density and thickness of the photothermal material are set according to the laser power and clinical temperature requirements. For example, the thickness may be 100 micrometers or less, further, 50 micrometers or less, further, 1 micrometer or less, further, 500 nanometers or less and not less than 1 nanometer.
The invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:
1. the probe intervenes in a focus tissue part through minimally invasive, then an efficient photothermal conversion mechanism of photothermal nanometer materials is adopted, the temperature of the optical fiber is increased, and then the optical fiber contact type surgical operation is carried out, so that the high temperature of the tip of the optical fiber and laser simultaneously act on the tissue, the operation efficiency is greatly improved, the laser operation has the characteristics of high energy, collimation, short action time and small heat affected zone, meanwhile, compared with the traditional optical fiber non-contact type method, the required laser power is greatly reduced, and the occurrence of the heat effect problem of the optical fiber is reduced.
2. The optical fiber is directly contacted with the photo-thermal material, the structure is simple, and in addition, the loss of laser energy is greatly reduced.
3. The system complexity is low. Because the power of the product is low, and the temperature of other parts except the needle head can not rise during working, a water cooling system is not needed. The system complexity is greatly reduced.
4. The device can emit near-infrared light, 2um high-energy pulse laser and mixed light, can be used for photodynamic therapy, laser therapy and simultaneously photodynamic therapy and laser therapy, solves the problem of single function of the device in the prior art, and can effectively reduce the output power of the high-energy pulse laser, reduce the thermal effect of optical fibers and improve the beam quality by being matched with a photosensitizer in the mixed light.
5. The device has simple structure, and can realize free switching of multiple functions through one output optical fiber without increasing the diameter of the endoscope extending into the body by adding simple beam splitters and beam combiners.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a light source structure.
The laser comprises a 1-thulium-doped light source, a 2-infrared light source, a 3-laser emergent optical fiber, a 4-photo-thermal material, a 5-pumping light source, a 6-beam splitter, a 7-first cavity mirror, an 8-doped gain optical fiber, a 9-second cavity mirror and a 10-beam combiner.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only for explaining the present invention and are not to be limited thereto, and the specific parameter settings and the like of the embodiments can be selected according to the circumstances without substantially affecting the results.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a laser therapy system combining laser and photothermal therapy, the system includes a laser light source and a laser therapy head, the laser light source includes a thulium-doped light source 1 and an infrared light source 2, the laser therapy head includes a laser emitting optical fiber 3, a photothermal material 4 is formed on a distal end face of the laser emitting optical fiber, and the photothermal material 4 covers a part of an optical fiber end face.
The shape of the cover of the photothermal material 4 may be set according to actual needs, and may be any shape or combination of shapes, such as a circle, a ring, a dotted distribution, a line, a radial shape, and the like. The high-efficiency photothermal conversion of the photothermal material on the end face of the optical fiber improves the heat generating capacity of the probe and the temperature of the optical fiber. The photothermal material 4 covers 5% of the area of the end face of the optical fiber. Therefore, the emergent of the laser is not influenced too much, the heat generating capacity of the probe can be improved, the temperature of the optical fiber is improved, and the output of the laser is not influenced.
As shown in fig. 2, the laser light source includes a pumping source 1, a beam splitter 2, a resonant cavity and a beam combiner 6, the resonant cavity includes two cavity mirrors (3,5) and a doped gain fiber 4, both the two cavity mirrors (3,5) are semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirrors, the first cavity mirror 3 transmits pumping light and reflects signal light generated by the gain fiber, the second cavity mirror 5 transmits signal light generated by the gain fiber and reflects the pumping light, the beam splitter 6 can control the amount of pumping light entering the resonant cavity, and the beam combiner 6 is configured to combine laser light output by the resonant cavity and a part of the pumping light into a single beam of light.
The pumping source adopts near infrared semiconductor laser pumping.
The beam splitter 6 includes three blades, one of which is a half-silvered mirror so that a portion of light that is incident at an angle of 45 degrees and is not absorbed by the coating (the amount of transmitted light can be controlled by controlling the thickness of the deposit or the coating area) is transmitted and the remaining portion is reflected, one of which is a total reflection mirror and the other of which is a total transmission mirror. The beam splitter can rotate around the axis as required to control any one of the three blades to be positioned in the light path. When the photodynamic therapy is carried out, the total reflection mirror is positioned in the optical path to reflect all the pump light, so that the optical fiber outputs near infrared light for the photodynamic therapy. When laser therapy is carried out, the full-projection lens is positioned in the light path, all the pump light is transmitted, the pump light enters the resonant cavity to generate output laser, and the optical fiber outputs 2um high-energy pulse laser for laser therapy. When the photodynamic therapy and the laser therapy are used in a matched mode, the half silvered mirror is located in a light path, part of pump light is reflected, part of pump light is transmitted, and the optical fiber outputs mixed light of near infrared and 2um high-energy pulse laser.
The semi-silvered mirror can be replaced as required, and the proportion of outputting near infrared and 2um high-energy pulse laser is regulated and controlled by using the semi-silvered mirror with different transmission proportions.
The half-silvered mirror may be produced by sputtering a metal coating onto a sheet of glass or plastic, forming a discontinuous coating or by removing small areas of a continuous coating by chemical or mechanical action.
The beam combiner 10 may be a half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens, and outputs laser light through the resonant cavity to reflect the pump light.
The photo-thermal material is a metal nano photo-thermal material. The metal photo-thermal nano material is a gold nanosphere.
The metal nano photothermal material is formed on the surface of the optical fiber through welding. And contacting the tail end of the optical fiber with the gold nanosphere for fusion welding. There are three ways of heating and melting: arc welding; clearing flame and welding; and (4) laser welding. The fusion bonding is performed under a protective atmosphere using an atmosphere composed of He gas, which is effective in preventing oxidation of the material at high temperatures. The covering shape of the photo-thermal material is a circular ring.
The density and thickness of the photothermal material are set according to the laser power and clinical temperature requirements. For example, the thickness may be 100 micrometers or less, further, 50 micrometers or less, further, 1 micrometer or less, further, 500 nanometers or less and not less than 1 nanometer.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a laser therapy system combining laser and photothermal therapy, the system includes a laser light source and a laser therapy head, the laser light source includes a thulium-doped light source 1 and an infrared light source 2, the laser therapy head includes a laser emitting optical fiber 3, a photothermal material 4 is formed on a distal end face of the laser emitting optical fiber, and the photothermal material 4 covers a part of an optical fiber end face.
The shape of the cover of the photothermal material 4 may be set according to actual needs, and may be any shape or combination of shapes, such as a circle, a ring, a dotted distribution, a line, a radial shape, and the like. The high-efficiency photothermal conversion of the photothermal material on the end face of the optical fiber improves the heat generating capacity of the probe and the temperature of the optical fiber.
As shown in fig. 2, the laser light source includes a pumping source 1, a beam splitter 2, a resonant cavity and a beam combiner 6, the resonant cavity includes two cavity mirrors (3,5) and a doped gain fiber 4, both the two cavity mirrors (3,5) are semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirrors, the first cavity mirror 3 transmits pumping light and reflects signal light generated by the gain fiber, the second cavity mirror 5 transmits signal light generated by the gain fiber and reflects the pumping light, the beam splitter 6 can control the amount of pumping light entering the resonant cavity, and the beam combiner 6 is configured to combine laser light output by the resonant cavity and a part of the pumping light into a single beam of light.
The pumping source adopts near infrared semiconductor laser pumping.
The beam splitter 6 includes three blades, one of which is a half-silvered mirror so that a portion of light that is incident at an angle of 45 degrees and is not absorbed by the coating (the amount of transmitted light can be controlled by controlling the thickness of the deposit or the coating area) is transmitted and the remaining portion is reflected, one of which is a total reflection mirror and the other of which is a total transmission mirror. The beam splitter can rotate around the axis as required to control any one of the three blades to be positioned in the light path. When the photodynamic therapy is carried out, the total reflection mirror is positioned in the optical path to reflect all the pump light, so that the optical fiber outputs near infrared light for the photodynamic therapy. When laser therapy is carried out, the full-projection lens is positioned in the light path, all the pump light is transmitted, the pump light enters the resonant cavity to generate output laser, and the optical fiber outputs 2um high-energy pulse laser for laser therapy. When the photodynamic therapy and the laser therapy are used in a matched mode, the half silvered mirror is located in a light path, part of pump light is reflected, part of pump light is transmitted, and the optical fiber outputs mixed light of near infrared and 2um high-energy pulse laser.
The semi-silvered mirror can be replaced as required, and the proportion of outputting near infrared and 2um high-energy pulse laser is regulated and controlled by using the semi-silvered mirror with different transmission proportions.
The half-silvered mirror may be produced by sputtering a metal coating onto a sheet of glass or plastic, forming a discontinuous coating or by removing small areas of a continuous coating by chemical or mechanical action.
The beam combiner 10 may be a half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens, and outputs laser light through the resonant cavity to reflect the pump light.
The photo-thermal material is a diamond nano photo-thermal material.
The diamond nano photothermal material is formed on the surface of the optical fiber in a magnetron sputtering or vapor deposition mode.
The diamond nano photothermal material covers 35% of the end face of the optical fiber, so that the efficient photothermal conversion of the photothermal material improves the heat production capacity of the probe, improves the temperature of the optical fiber, and does not influence the output of laser. The covering shape of the photo-thermal material is distributed in a point shape.
The density and thickness of the photothermal material are set according to the laser power and clinical temperature requirements. For example, the thickness may be 100 micrometers or less, further, 50 micrometers or less, further, 1 micrometer or less, further, 500 nanometers or less and not less than 1 nanometer.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a laser therapy system combining laser and photothermal therapy, the system includes a laser light source and a laser therapy head, the laser light source includes a thulium-doped light source 1 and an infrared light source 2, the laser therapy head includes a laser emitting optical fiber 3, a photothermal material 4 is formed on a distal end face of the laser emitting optical fiber, and the photothermal material 4 covers a part of an optical fiber end face.
The shape of the cover of the photothermal material 4 may be set according to actual needs, and may be any shape or combination of shapes, such as a circle, a ring, a dotted distribution, a line, a radial shape, and the like. The high-efficiency photothermal conversion of the photothermal material on the end face of the optical fiber improves the heat generating capacity of the probe and the temperature of the optical fiber.
As shown in fig. 2, the laser light source includes a pumping source 1, a beam splitter 2, a resonant cavity and a beam combiner 6, the resonant cavity includes two cavity mirrors (3,5) and a doped gain fiber 4, both the two cavity mirrors (3,5) are semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirrors, the first cavity mirror 3 transmits pumping light and reflects signal light generated by the gain fiber, the second cavity mirror 5 transmits signal light generated by the gain fiber and reflects the pumping light, the beam splitter 6 can control the amount of pumping light entering the resonant cavity, and the beam combiner 6 is configured to combine laser light output by the resonant cavity and a part of the pumping light into a single beam of light.
The pumping source adopts near infrared semiconductor laser pumping.
The beam splitter 6 includes three blades, one of which is a half-silvered mirror so that a portion of light that is incident at an angle of 45 degrees and is not absorbed by the coating (the amount of transmitted light can be controlled by controlling the thickness of the deposit or the coating area) is transmitted and the remaining portion is reflected, one of which is a total reflection mirror and the other of which is a total transmission mirror. The beam splitter can rotate around the axis as required to control any one of the three blades to be positioned in the light path. When the photodynamic therapy is carried out, the total reflection mirror is positioned in the optical path to reflect all the pump light, so that the optical fiber outputs near infrared light for the photodynamic therapy. When laser therapy is carried out, the full-projection lens is positioned in the light path, all the pump light is transmitted, the pump light enters the resonant cavity to generate output laser, and the optical fiber outputs 2um high-energy pulse laser for laser therapy. When the photodynamic therapy and the laser therapy are used in a matched mode, the half silvered mirror is located in a light path, part of pump light is reflected, part of pump light is transmitted, and the optical fiber outputs mixed light of near infrared and 2um high-energy pulse laser.
The semi-silvered mirror can be replaced as required, and the proportion of outputting near infrared and 2um high-energy pulse laser is regulated and controlled by using the semi-silvered mirror with different transmission proportions.
The half-silvered mirror may be produced by sputtering a metal coating onto a sheet of glass or plastic, forming a discontinuous coating or by removing small areas of a continuous coating by chemical or mechanical action.
The beam combiner 10 may be a half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens, and outputs laser light through the resonant cavity to reflect the pump light.
The photo-thermal material is a semiconductor photo-thermal conversion nano material CuS.
The semiconductor photo-thermal conversion nano material CuS is formed on the surface of the optical fiber in a magnetron sputtering or evaporation mode.
The semiconductor photo-thermal conversion nano material CuS covers 60% of the end face of the optical fiber, so that the efficient photo-thermal conversion of the photo-thermal material improves the heat production capacity of the probe, improves the temperature of the optical fiber, and does not influence the output of laser. The covering shape of the photo-thermal material is distributed in a point shape.
The density and thickness of the photothermal material are set according to the laser power and clinical temperature requirements. For example, the thickness may be 100 micrometers or less, further, 50 micrometers or less, further, 1 micrometer or less, further, 500 nanometers or less and not less than 1 nanometer.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The laser treatment system combining laser and photothermal treatment is characterized by comprising a laser light source and a laser treatment head, wherein the laser light source comprises a thulium-doped light source and an infrared light source, the laser treatment head comprises a laser emergent optical fiber, a photothermal material is formed on the end face of the tail end of the laser emergent optical fiber, and the photothermal material covers part of the end face of the optical fiber; the laser light source comprises a pumping source, a beam splitter, a resonant cavity and a beam combiner, the resonant cavity comprises two cavity mirrors and a doped gain fiber, the two cavity mirrors are semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirrors, the first cavity mirror transmits pumping light and reflects signal light generated by the gain fiber, the second cavity mirror transmits the signal light generated by the gain fiber and reflects the pumping light, the beam splitter can control the amount of the pumping light entering the resonant cavity, the beam combiner is used for combining laser output by the resonant cavity and part of the pumping light into single beam light, and the pumping source adopts near-infrared semiconductor laser pumping.
2. The laser therapy system according to claim 1, wherein the area of the photothermal material covering the end face of the optical fiber is controlled to be 5% to 60%.
3. The laser therapy system according to claim 1, wherein the covering shape of the photo-thermal material is any one shape of circle, circular ring, point distribution, line, radial or combination thereof.
4. The laser therapy system according to claim 1, wherein the photothermal material is formed on the surface of the optical fiber by any one of coating, vapor deposition, magnetron sputtering, evaporation, and fusion.
5. The laser therapy system according to claim 1, wherein the photothermal material is one or more of a metallic photothermal material, diamond, or a semiconductor photothermal material.
6. The laser therapy system according to claim 1, wherein the photothermal material is one or more of a metallic photothermal nanomaterial, nanodiamond, or a semiconductor nanomaterial.
7. The laser therapy system according to claim 6, wherein the metallic photothermal nanomaterials are one or more of gold, platinum, palladium nanomaterials.
8. The laser therapy system according to claim 6, wherein the semiconductor nanomaterial is one or more of copper sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, bismuth sulfide, antimony sulfide, gold sulfide copper selenide, molybdenum selenide, bismuth selenide, antimony selenide, or gold selenide.
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| CN112675304A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-04-20 | 北京工业大学 | Endogenous photothermal therapy device system with micro-nano quantum dots and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100391559C (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2008-06-04 | 吉林大学 | Therapeutic apparatus combining light and heat for curing prostate |
| DE202013003997U1 (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-08-01 | Lawrence M. Abrams | System for targeted local heat ablation using nanoparticles |
| CN107412957B (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-09-10 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of photo-thermal therapy probe based on photo-thermal nano material |
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