CN1093808A - Electronic airspeed meter - Google Patents
Electronic airspeed meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1093808A CN1093808A CN 92104232 CN92104232A CN1093808A CN 1093808 A CN1093808 A CN 1093808A CN 92104232 CN92104232 CN 92104232 CN 92104232 A CN92104232 A CN 92104232A CN 1093808 A CN1093808 A CN 1093808A
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Abstract
This key technical problem that need to solve is how can both be with the relative velocity of its heating element measurement air velocity and aircraft speed per hour beyond with interior and subsonic speed at subsonic speed.This electronic airspeed meter technical characterictic is 1, link up with laser between the each several part, can eliminate respectively be between the phase mutual interference, can prevent electronic countermeasure to a certain extent again.2, because of there not being mechanical device, so good reliability, the precision height can be remembered, and indicates the speed of aircraft automatically, the safety coefficient height, and the life-span is long.3, anti-vibration, anti-electromagnetism, anti-centripetal force is strong, and the recipient is not to restriction.4, can relevant electronic system with aircraft connect, the general parallel interface of robot calculator is arranged.5, can use language alarm (stall or hypervelocity), it is narrow to avoid human body that notice easily takes place under stress situation, the problem that peripheral vision is descended.
Description
This affiliated military project space industry.
Aircraft has become important ingredient in the modern war.Aircraft wants safe flight must grasp several data, and the speed per hour of aircraft is one of significant data.But, because the present generation aircraft airspeed indicator adopts mechanical type more.Its sensor is a pitot, and display is a mechanical type, thus work one the time its part of after date because of being subjected to aircraft and shaking and climatic influences can damaging gradually.Reduce precision, cause the generation adverse consequences.
Air battle has been phoenix feathers and unicorn horns in modern war.And aircraft is the important component part of air battle.Aircraft application to the battlefield from World War II over half a century only till now, but it develops into big services with very fast speed development.The aircraft great majority that China makes were made in the seventies and eighties, and electronic equipment has lagged far behind modern high hard-core technology on the machine.For this reason, I have invented electronic airspeed meter.Impel China's aircraft electronization, modernization, can match in excellence or beauty with it aspect the electronics with Hesperian advanced aircraft.Make China's aircraft on performance, all be raised to a new stage on the fight capability and on the viability.The air battle ability of China is improved greatly.The let us Chinese nation under the leadership of Communist Party of China, Ge stands on the woods of world nationality.The building of the four modernizations of China is carried out smoothly.
Circuit theory:
This circuit ultimate principle is, keeps the energy of temperature to measure to a heating element, and this keeps the size of the energy of temperature to add that with the flow velocity of air speed own is directly proportional.When deducting the flow velocity of air own, be exactly its aerial speed.
Sensor circuit is seen Fig. 1.This is one of key component of this circuit, and it can be measured the required data of this equipment, to deliver to robot calculator analysis.
Among Fig. 1, a is a galvanometer, and major function is to survey the required electric current of resistance of heating.IC1 is an operational amplifier, mainly the signal that linear hall effect sensor is surveyed amplifies, signal after the amplification is delivered to IC3 through the IC2 biasing networks, IC3 is an optical fiber driving circuit, this circuit becomes fiber-optic signal to the signal of sending here of amplifier, counts collection system to deliver to computing machine, and its effect is in order to make each system become isolation, unlikely interfering with each other can prevent electronic countermeasure again to a certain extent.A is through the IC3 modulation circuit among the figure, and the signal after the modulation is through BG1, and driving laser two utmost point villous themedas are to send the fiber-optic signal after the modulation.
B figure is identical with a figure among the figure, so not in narration.
Fig. 2 is a platinum resistance detecting temperature meter.A1 has constituted the HOWLAND current pump among the figure.Provide constant biasing to sensor.Resistance R 2, R3, R4 and R5 constitute electric bridge, make bridge balance by A1.Two of A2 input end current potentials are identical during balance.Because R6=R7, so A1 obtains with the electric current of measuring from electric bridge two arms.As long as sensor becomes arbitrary load of R3/R4 arm, all can make the electric bridge out of trim.Therefore two spindle noses are connected on the open sensor voltage, and current drawn not.A3 is an amplifier, and the signal of electric bridge output is amplified.The signal of this circuit output is delivered to optical fiber driving circuit, and this fiber optic circuit principle is identical with the front, here no longer narration.
Fig. 3 is an electronic computer system.This circuit has central processing unit, the RAM interface circuit, system controller, clock, compositions such as display driver heart sheet, the effect of this system is the signal of collecting, as: the working temperature and the resistance institute power consumption stream etc. of heating, after analog to digital conversion, deliver to microprocessor, signal received by microprocessor after Computer Analysis, deliver to interface circuit, by interface circuit control peltier cooler and warmer, simultaneously again through sensor current feedback that these devices consumed to microprocessor, microprocessor calculates, and shows its true empty-running speed at last.Because this circuit adopts the multi-purpose computer integrated circuit, so this hardware is identical with other computer hardware principle.So here hardware is no longer narrated.Only its analog to digital conversion circuit and software principle are done an introduction.
D/A converting circuit, the function of this circuit are the multi-channel analog data, become parallel digital data, use for robot calculator.This circuit theory is to be drawn by following formula:
DOUT/2
8＝Vin/（VREF+-VREF-）
In the formula: DOUT is a digital signal;
VIN is a simulating signal;
VREF+ is positive reference potential;
VREF-is negative reference potential.
Program flow diagram is seen Fig. 4, this program that designs is stored on the ROM heart sheet, to be used for support hardware work.
1. be beginning;
2. import a, the signal that a sends here for the temperature temperature probe, this signal through analog to digital conversion after interface chip is delivered to computer data bus;
3. among the figure 5 for reference temperature is 5 degree, if temperature does not change, will repeat above-mentioned work, continue test signal, if a is not 5 degree, then send next unit;
If 4. a＞5 the proof actual temperature greater than 5 the degree, deliver to 5., if not then delivering to 6.;
5. be the cooling start-up procedure, programming start when temperature is too high is opened temperature switch automatically;
6. for intensification resistance starting switch, when observed temperature during less than reference temperature, this programming start is opened intensification resistance starting switch automatically;
7. be current collector, mainly survey the electric current that is consumed in the peltier cooler among the b,, deliver to the data bus of microcomputer by data gathering system by sensor;
8. identical with 7. principle, only collect the 7. intensification resistance of b and be zero resistance;
9. these data-signals are all delivered to microprocessor, here these signals are analyzed and are calculated, and calculate true empty-running speed at last;
10. for the air speed numerical value of measuring, it is shown by display statement;
(11) for finishing end.But it is not real end, when implementing a complete cover program, turns back to starting end again, from implementing again, up to aircraft landing, just owing to stop power supply, and quits work.
External interface circuit is seen Fig. 5, aIC4 optical receiving circuit among the figure, and it comes in the modulation signal demodulation of optical fiber, in order to reproduce the preceding simulating signal of emission, photosensitive villous themeda becomes electric signal to laser signal, and this signal amplifies through IC4 reconciles, and is fed to the data gathering system of robot calculator at last.
Figure b is identical with figure a, and just it collects the resistor current of heating.
Figure c, IC6 is for receiving the fibre circuit of temperature sensor signal.This is with top identical.Not in its principle of narration.This signal that it is to be noted is not fed to the robot calculator data gathering system, but receives only the interface circuit to robot calculator after digital-to-analog conversion, and the purpose of doing like this is to alleviate the software degree of support, and precision is high again, and speed is very fast again.IC7 is as the usefulness of amplification, and IC8 is an analog to digital conversion circuit, and IC9 is a sweep circuit, its work clock is very high, can reach 2MHz, so also be very fast than the speed of converter, 8 bit parallel digital signals after this conversion are fed to the I/O interface of robot calculator.
Figure b is mainly used to control heating resistor and peltier cooler, and IC10 is " rejection gate " driver, the signal that this element is sent microcomputer here is amplified, and drives the Darlington villous themeda through three utmost point villous themedas again, and Darlington transistor drives thermal resistance, figure E is identical with this circuit, just drives peltier cooler.
F is an interface circuit among the figure, mainly is in order to receive the weather data information of control tower, and IC10 is a detuner, and the audio frequency that it sends control tower becomes serial data signal fast number, by IC11 serial digital signal is being become parallel digital signal, to send into computing machine.
Fig. 6 is in order to get in touch when interrupting at ground control tower and airplane data, and this circuit starting is used for surveying wind speed.
The signal of the output of A1 is through the BG5 amplified current, and it feeds back the driving bridge diagram, and when adding power supply, RA is in low resistance state, and the emitter of BG5 is tending towards complete conducting.When electric current flow through RA, the temperature of RA rose rapidly, and RA resistance is increased, and this result has increased the negative input current potential of A1, so the emitter current potential of BG5 descends, circuit is in a stable working point.In order to keep bridge balance, A1 works, thereby makes the resistance of RA make the temperature constant of RA constant.
Language card, this is why to reach the function of speaking, and mainly is because language card has been arranged.This language card is mainly by D/A, compositions such as EPROM, address counter, clock generator, control heart sheet, it is subjected to computer control, and cardinal principle is that computing machine will send language, at first sending the selection signal, is to say: the HYPERVELOCITY(hypervelocity).Also say: STALL(stall).Do not expound that but have, all there is a prefix in their front, that is: SPACE SPEED UNUSUAL(air speed is unusual), after choosing, computing machine sends high level driving H1 and opens the language circuit, at this moment address counter work, start the digital signal in the EPROM, digital signal is carried out digital-to-analog conversion through IC19, and conversion is after amplify, arrive the IC21 audio power at last and amplify, send sound signal.(Fig. 7)
Circuit theory:,, introduce each circuit theory below respectively so required power supply also is very accurate because this circuit is very complicated:
Filtering circuit, the effect of this circuit are that the power supply that the alternation machine is sent here is carried out filtering, and alternating current is through L201, L202, C201～C206 filtering, and filtered signal is delivered to transformer.
On-off circuit, filtered alternating current is sent into transformer, exports low tension after the transformer conversion.One the tunnel is used for collector circuit, and one the tunnel is used for inversion.This integrated circuit is special-purpose Switching Power Supply, the voltage stabilizing control integrated circuit, and there is vibration its inside, with reference to circuit such as logic feedbacks.At the driving power pipe, power tube drives T2, and the inferior utmost point of T2 has one the tunnel to send into T3 and required power supply to become, in the back of these power supplys by a rectification circuit of forming with diode and filter coil etc., with output DC.(Fig. 8)
I have invented electronic airspeed meter.This airspeed indicator is made with electronic component fully, without any mechanical hook-up, so the main performance characterisitic of the present invention:
The main set of data:
1, measures maximum magnitude 0～640 meter per second;
Measure minimum zone 1～2 meter per second;
2, resolution is 1 meter per second;
3, working temperature-30 ℃～+ 80 ℃;
4, can store;
5, can indicate critical rapidly, can send warning, and use verbal cue;
6, use the dynamo-electric source 27V ± 1V of Aircraft Standard alternation;
7, the maximum power consumption≤1W that works;
8, maximum stream time is 500 hours;
9, starting time≤1 second (2～3 seconds winters).
Main technical characteristics:
1, links up with laser between the each several part, can eliminate the phase mutual interference between respectively being, can prevent electronic countermeasure to a certain extent again;
2, because of there not being mechanical device, so good reliability, the precision height can be remembered, and indicates the speed of aircraft automatically, the safety coefficient height, and the life-span is long, adds up to cost low;
3, anti-vibration, anti-electromagnetism, anti-centripetal force is strong, and the recipient is not to restriction;
4, can relevant electronic system with aircraft connect, the general parallel interface of robot calculator is arranged;
5, can use language alarm (losing number or hypervelocity).
Above performance characterisitic can make my army's fight capability strong, the viability height.
This circuit preferred plan is:
Keep the required energy of temperature to measure to heating element, the skyborne speed of object that this energy is proportional to this measurement adds the flow velocity of air, when its is subtracted in air velocity, just obtains the aerial speed of this object.
Do an explanation with regard to above theorem below:
Heating element continuous consumed energy in air, when it was motionless, the energy of this consumption was identical, the energy that per second consumes equates.But when it moves in air, the energy of this consumption will change, and increase along with the increase of the speed of motion, when it is directly proportional in subsonic speed the time, this energy size just in time is proportional to the flow velocity that the aerial speed of this object adds air.The flow velocity that will add air why? because when this object moves in air, Air Force is in motion, when if this object and air movement direction are in line, when at this moment the movement velocity of this object and speed air flow equated, the relative velocity of those two objects just equaled two times of one of them object speed of two articles.The actual speed of this object answers the relative velocity of two objects to be subtracted in air velocity, and at this moment the aerial speed of this object has just tried to achieve out, and following formula shows:
V1+V2=V is right
The V1=air velocity
The V2=object speed
V then tries to achieve the relative velocity of air velocity and this object:
V2=V is right-V1
V2 just tries to achieve out.
Claims (5)
1, the electronic airspeed meter cardinal principle is to keep the energy of temperature to measure to heating element, and this keeps the size of the energy of temperature to add that with the flow velocity of air speed own is directly proportional, and when deducting the flow velocity of air own, is exactly its aerial speed.Following formula shows:
V
1+ V
2=V
Right
V
1=air velocity
V
2=object speed
V
RightBe the relative velocity of air velocity and this object, then infer and try to achieve:
V
2=V
Right-V
1
V
2Just try to achieve out.
This system also adopts language card, uses language alarm.
2, according to claim 1 summary principle, its content is to adopt special optic fibre emission/reception integrated package, add its peripheral circuit make the emission and receiving circuit, this circuit feature is to eliminate phase mutual interference between each system, can prevent electronic countermeasure to a certain extent again.
3, according to claim 1 summary principle, native system does not have mechanical device, it is characterized in that good reliability, the precision height, and anti-vibration, anti-electromagnetism, anti-centripetal force, the recipient is not to restriction.
4, according to claim 1 summary principle, native system adopts computing machine to coordinate to work between each system, it is characterized in that and can remember, and can indicate air speed automatically, can relevant electronic system with aircraft connect, and the general parallel interface of robot calculator is arranged.
5, according to claim 1 summary principle, this circuit also adopts ROM to make language heart sheet, it is characterized in that available language proposes to report to the police.,＜stall or hypervelocity 〉, it is narrow to avoid human body that notice easily takes place under stress situation, the problem that peripheral vision is descended.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92104232 CN1093808A (en) | 1992-06-09 | 1992-06-09 | Electronic airspeed meter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92104232 CN1093808A (en) | 1992-06-09 | 1992-06-09 | Electronic airspeed meter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1093808A true CN1093808A (en) | 1994-10-19 |
Family
ID=4940701
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92104232 Pending CN1093808A (en) | 1992-06-09 | 1992-06-09 | Electronic airspeed meter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1093808A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101809451B (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2013-04-03 | 尤洛考普特公司 | Method and device for obtaining the predictive vertical speed of a rotorcraft |
-
1992
- 1992-06-09 CN CN 92104232 patent/CN1093808A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101809451B (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2013-04-03 | 尤洛考普特公司 | Method and device for obtaining the predictive vertical speed of a rotorcraft |
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