CN109375578A - Deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in a kind of oil pump casing - Google Patents
Deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in a kind of oil pump casing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109375578A CN109375578A CN201811288538.1A CN201811288538A CN109375578A CN 109375578 A CN109375578 A CN 109375578A CN 201811288538 A CN201811288538 A CN 201811288538A CN 109375578 A CN109375578 A CN 109375578A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/19—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35349—Display part, programmed locus and tool path, traject, dynamic locus
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Abstract
The invention discloses deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in a kind of oil pump casing, include the following steps: to calculate the mode transmission function for obtaining cutting processing system；According to working depth, row's point is equably set gradually from point of a knife to knife bar space from end, by modal test, successively obtains the mode transmission function of each node of cutter；By the mode transmission function of each node of mode transmission function and cutter of cutting processing system, the machining transmission function Φ of cutter difference node is established1i, by Φ1iΦ is obtained by Laplace transform1i(s)；According to Φ1i(s) and by the method for strip method stability region, the stability region in the machining under cutter difference node is obtained；According to the cutting parameter of stability region, efficient stable processing is carried out to workpiece.The design is accurately obtained preferred cutting parameter by the dynamic characteristic of cutter and workpiece, and optimizes machining path, is realized efficient stable deep hole machining, is improved the processing stability and workpiece surface quality of cutting process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mechanical deep hole processing methods, more particularly to deep hole highly-efficient processing in a kind of oil pump casing
Control method.
Background technique
Oil pump casing internal structure is complicated, since pipeline internal circulation flow, inside are deep inside it for metalworking coolant
The surface topography and residual altitude in hole have become a key factor for restricting and improving efficiency.And in deep hole machining due to by
Cutter diameter limitation and the requirement of deep hole tools jib-length, the cutter rigidity made are weaker, it is difficult to use realization with higher material
Material excision efficiency is processed, and to meet processing request, more process, excision effect are used in traditional deep hole processing technology
Rate is lower.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve above-mentioned technical problem at least to a certain extent.For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of lubricating oil pump
Deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in shell.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: deep hole highly-efficient processing control in a kind of oil pump casing
Method processed, includes the following steps:
S1, according to cutting processing system kinetics equation, calculate the mode transfer function H for obtaining cutting processing system1
(ω, n)；
S2, according to working depth, equably set gradually row's point from point of a knife to knife bar space from end, total k point, successively
Label are as follows: 1,2,3 ..., k successively obtain the mode transmission function of each node of cutter, are set as H by modal test3i(ω1), i
=1,2,3 ..., k；
S3, the mode transmission function by each node of mode transmission function and cutter of cutting processing system, establish cutter
Machining transmission function Φ under different nodes1i, by Φ1iΦ is obtained by Laplace transform1i(s)；
S4, foundation Φ1i(s) and by the method for strip method stability region, the cutting obtained under cutter difference node adds
Stability region in work；
S5, the cutting parameter according to stability region carry out efficient stable processing to workpiece.
Further, in the step S2 consecutive points point away from for 1mm.
Further, in the step S3, the Φ1iFollowing formula is obtained after Laplace transform:
H (s) is that dynamic cutting depth h (t) is obtained by Laplace transform；H0 is ideal cutting depth in cutting；T
For the period of cutting, αpCutting width, k2 are the tangential cutting force coefficient under ultrasonic vibration subsidiary conditions.
Further, h (t) relational expression is as follows:
H (t)=h0-[(h2(t)-h1(t))-(h2(t-T)-h1(t-T))]；
Wherein h2(t-T) cutting depth of the previous cutter tooth processing of cutter, h are indicated2(t) indicate that cutter works as previous cutter tooth
The cutting depth of processing, h1(t) cutting depth produced by the workpiece variation as caused by Workpiece vibration, h are indicated1(t-T) indicate by
Cutting depth caused by workpiece variation is caused in Workpiece vibration in the previous period.
Further, the cutting force F in cutting process2(t) as follows with h (t) relationship:
F2(t)=k2·h(t)·ap+ap·k3
Wherein, F2(t) following relational expression can be obtained according to cutting example kinetics equation:
Dynamic cutting depth h (t) is subjected to Laplace transform, can be obtained:
H (s)=h0-(e-sT-1)(h2(s)-h1(s))
The conversion of Cutting dynamics equation are as follows:
Wherein k3For the radial cutting force coefficient under ultrasonic vibration subsidiary conditions, q2For the displacement of point of a knife,For point of a knife
Velocity of displacement,For the displacement acceleration of point of a knife, k2Tangential cutting force coefficient under ultrasonic vibration subsidiary conditions, M2For cutter
Modal mass.
Further, cutting processing system kinetics equation is in the S1,
Wherein M (w, n) is the mass matrix of cutting processing system；K (w, n) is the stiffness matrix of cutting processing system；N is
Revolving speed, w are ultrasonic vibration frequency, and D is equivalent viscous damping matrix；Q is modal displacement,WithRespectively node speed and section
Point acceleration；F (t) is node force vector；G and N is respectively that Effect of Rotation coefficient and ultrasonic vibration influence coefficient.
Further, in the step S1, H1(ω, n) is obtained in the following way: initially set up cutting processing system has
Meta-model is limited, according to cutting processing system kinetics equation, under different rotating speeds and the boundary condition of ultrasonic vibration frequency, is obtained
Its mode transfer function H1(ω1), do not rotate the mode transfer function H with the point of a knife under the conditions of ultrasonic vibration by experimental test2
(ω1)；
Then with residual epsilon minimum to H1(ω1) and H2(ω1) be fitted, it obtains in different rotating speeds and ultrasonic vibration frequency
Under the conditions of stiffness matrix K (ω, n) and damping matrix C (ω, n), and it is fitted according to least square method, obtains rigidity
Matrix and damping matrix are with the variation function and mode transfer function H under revolving speed and ultrasonic vibration frequency1(ω, n)；
Whereinw2、w3Tool in Cutting swashs respectively in cutting processing system
Encourage the minimum value and maximum value of frequency.
Further, it when machining tool carries out deep hole machining, is cut in the function of stability region on foundation cutter difference node
The peak value of depth selects the speed of mainshaft, then selects cutting depth according to the stability region on revolving speed and corresponding different nodes,
Minimum value is selected on the cutting depth of all nodes, realizes efficient stable processing.
Further, the cutter includes knife bar and the blade that is fixedly mounted on knife bar, and the blade two sides have cutting
Sword is provided with micro-cutting sword on the cutting edge.
Further, the cutter is connect by ultrasonic vibration auxiliary system with cutter spindle, ultrasonic vibration auxiliary system
System includes the first connector and vibration amplitude transformer, and described vibration amplitude transformer one end is packed into the first connector, and one end stretches out first
Connector is fixedly connected with knife bar or workpiece, and the vibration amplitude transformer is equipped with a pair of of piezoelectric actuator, for generating axial vibration
It moves and the vibration is passed into blade
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: preferred cutting parameter is accurately obtained by the dynamic characteristic of cutter and workpiece, and
Optimize machining path, realizes efficient stable deep hole machining, improve the processing stability and workpiece surface quality of cutting process.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of cutter；
Fig. 2 is blade cross-sectional view；
Fig. 3 is blade front view；
Fig. 4 is enlarged view at the A of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the connection schematic diagram of the first connector and vibration amplitude transformer；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram for vibrating amplitude transformer；
Fig. 7 is the connection structure cross-sectional view of the first connector, vibration amplitude transformer, the second connector；
Fig. 8 is enlarged view at the D of Fig. 5.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Deep hole highly-efficient processing control method, includes the following steps: in a kind of oil pump casing of the invention
S1, according to cutting processing system kinetics equation, calculate the mode transfer function H for obtaining cutting processing system1
(ω, n)；
S2, according to working depth, equably set gradually row's point from point of a knife to knife bar space from end, total k point, successively
Label are as follows: 1,2,3 ..., k successively obtain mode (transmitting) function of each node of cutter, are set as H by modal test3i(ω
1), i=1,2,3 ..., k；
S3, the mode transfer function H by cutting processing system1The mode transmission function of (ω, n) and each node of cutter,
Establish the machining transmission function Φ of cutter difference node1i, by Φ1iΦ is obtained by Laplace transform1i(s)；
S4, foundation Φ1i(s) and by the method for strip method stability region, the cutting obtained under cutter difference node adds
Stability region in work；
S5, the cutting parameter according to stability region carry out efficient stable processing to workpiece.
Lathe of the present invention is 5 Shaft and NC Machining Test processing center machine tools, including workbench, cutter, electro spindle etc.；Control system is by machine
Control system and ultrasonic vibration the control system composition of bed；Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary system is by vibration amplitude transformer, piezoelectric actuator, electricity
Ultrasonic vibration is passed to cutter, improves the surface quality of workpiece by source, supersonic generator composition, ultrasonic vibration auxiliary system.
Each calculating process is detailed below.
Kinetics equation in cutting processing system in step S1 are as follows:
Wherein: M (w, n) is the mass matrix of cutting processing system, is constant, can be main by motor in cutting processing system
Axis, knife handle, bearing establish finite element model, its mass matrix is quickly obtained in finite element software.N is revolving speed, and w is ultrasound vibration
Dynamic frequency, C (w, n) are damped coefficient, consider the influence of revolving speed and ultrasonic vibration frequency, can be by rotation and the test of ultrasonic vibration
It obtains.It chooses different revolving speeds to be tested with ultrasonic vibration combination of frequency parameter, be obtained according to least square method fitting.D is
Equivalent viscous damping matrix is determined by the attribute of material.Q is modal displacement, and F (t) is node force vector.G and N is respectively from C
It is decomposited in (w, n) matrix, indicates the influence of rotation and ultrasonic vibration.
The finite element model for establishing cutting processing system obtains under different rotating speeds and the boundary condition of ultrasonic vibration frequency
Obtain its mode transfer function H1(ω1), do not rotate the mode transmission function with the point of a knife under the conditions of ultrasonic vibration by experimental test
H2(ω1)。
It is fitted by above formula with residual epsilon minimum, obtains the rigidity square under different rotating speeds and ultrasonic vibration frequency condition
Battle array K (ω, n), damping matrix C (ω, n), and it is fitted according to least square method.Obtain stiffness matrix and damping matrix
With the variation function and mode transfer function H under revolving speed and ultrasonic vibration frequency1(ω, n).w2、w3Respectively cutting processing system
The minimum value and maximum value of middle Tool in Cutting driving frequency, usual ω2=0, ω3=nN1,N1For the number of teeth of cutter, n cutting
The revolving speed of system of processing.
During deep hole machining, by cutter quotient and deep hole of workpiece interior side contacts discrete region at node, since point of a knife,
It is upward from knife bar end, arrange that a point, total k point successively mark are as follows: 1,2,3 ..., k at interval of 1mm.It is tried by mode
It tests, successively obtains mode (transmitting) function of node, be set as: H3i(ω1), i=1,2,3 ..., k.
The then processing dynamics equation between cutter and workpiece are as follows:
q2For the displacement of point of a knife,For the velocity of displacement of point of a knife,For the displacement acceleration of point of a knife, k2Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary
Under the conditions of tangential cutting force coefficient, M2For the modal mass of cutter.
H (t)=h0-[(h2(t)-h1(t))-(h2(t-T)-h1(t-T))]
F2(t)=- F1(t)
F2(t)=k2·h(t)·ap+ap·k3
F2(t) cutting force generated for cutter in cutting process, with F1It (t) is a pair of of active force and reaction force.h2(t-
T the cutting depth of the previous cutter tooth processing of cutter, h) are indicated2(t) cutter works as the cutting depth of previous cutter tooth processing, h1(t) work
The current cutting depth of workpiece variation caused by part vibrates, h1(t-T) the previous period of workpiece variation caused by Workpiece vibration
Cutting depth.
The wherein period of T cutting；
H (t) is dynamic cutting depth；
αpCutting width, the total node number k of the discrete region contacted cutter with workpiece since point of a knife according to cutter and
The length L decision in the region that cutter is contacted with workpiece,
k2For tangential (direction parallel with the cutting speed) Cutting Force Coefficient under ultrasonic vibration subsidiary conditions.
k3For radial direction (direction vertical with cutting speed) Cutting Force Coefficient under ultrasonic vibration subsidiary conditions.It is wherein ultrasonic
Vibrate the cutting force coefficient k under subsidiary conditions2And k3It can be tested by the orthogonal cutting under different cutting depth, and
Test data fitting is obtained.
Cutting depth h is subjected to Laplace transform, can be obtained:
H (s)=h0-(e-sT-1)(h2(s)-h1(s))
The conversion of Cutting dynamics equation are as follows:
In cutting process, under the action of cutting force, different nodes are fixed a cutting tool the transmission function between workpiece are as follows:
ΦiIt is Φ by Laplace transform1i(s)
According to the method for strip method stability region, the stable region in the machining on cutter under different nodes is solved
Domain:
When machining tool carries out deep hole machining, then according to cutting depth in stability region function on cutter difference node
Peak value selects the speed of mainshaft, i.e. different rotating speeds on acquisition cutter difference node, then according to revolving speed according to steady on different nodes
Determine regional choice cutting depth, minimum value is selected on the cutting depth of all nodes, realizes efficient stable processing.
In order to which highly-efficient processing is better achieved, workpiece surface quality, cutter and ultrasonic vibration using optimization are improved
Auxiliary system carries out secondary process.
Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 8, cutter of the invention includes knife bar 7 and the blade 8 that is fixedly mounted on knife bar 7, the blade
8 two sides have cutting edge, are provided with micro-cutting sword 83 on the cutting edge.Multiple blades 8 are installed, blade 8 passes through on knife bar 7
Bolt 81, gasket 82 are uniformly fixedly connected on knife bar 7.Blade 8 is arranged along 7 axially spaced-apart of knife bar, and knife bar installs of blade
Number is n, the depth h according to machining mesoporous4And the length L of blade is determined,N is integer.Blade can cover in this way
The depth in entire hole.Spacing h between adjacent knife blades is 0.5-1um, lower than the axial amplitude of ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer.
The cutting edge of two sides is made of the micro-cutting sword that radius is 5-8um microns, and cutting edge is all arranged in the left and right sides, on
The middle position of lower two sides in processing due to taking less than, so do not arrange cutting edge, 1/2 length among only upper and lower two sides
Cutting edge is not arranged, for improving the processing stability of cutting process and improving surface quality, such as reduces deep hole inner surface and circle
Burr at angle.The junction of cutting edge is formed with many circular arcs that radius is 1-2 microns, and the heat dissipation for improving blade is imitated
Fruit improves the surface quality of workpiece, reduces cutting force.The anterior angle C of the blade of specific structure is 2-3 °, and relief angle is 10-15 °, knife
Chip is avoided for installing the bolt and gasket of fixed blade and knife bar, and 70-75 ° of indent angle among piece for concave inward structure
It is deposited in groove, it is avoided to scratch workpiece surface.Remaining is preferably having a size of height h2 is 5-6um, and h1 is about 10um.Angle
Spending B2 is 25-30 °, and angle B 3 is 12-15 °, and angle B 4 is 70-65 °, h3 15-18um.
The cutting edge center symmetric setting of the blade two sides, if directly may be used in this way when blade abrasion in cutting process
180 ° are rotated with more allowing blade replacement or by side that the other side is not worn be mounted on knife bar and continue to use, improve the blade longevity
Life reduces processing cost.The arc structure 71 for dust lead is provided on knife bar, the radian that angle B 1 is -50 ° -60 ° is used for
Chip export is come.
Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary system of the invention includes the first connector 1 and vibration amplitude transformer 2, the vibration amplitude transformer 2
One end is packed into the first connector 1, and one end is stretched out the first connector 1 and is fixedly connected with knife bar 7, and the vibration amplitude transformer 2 is installed
There is a pair of of piezoelectric actuator, for generating axial vibration and the vibration being passed to blade.Provided of course that between workpiece and cutter
Ultrasonic vibration is generated, the first connector 1 can also be fixed on workbench by clamping workpiece in vibration 2 end of amplitude transformer
, this system of processing is specially lathe, the basic structure including lathes such as workbench, dynamical system and cutter spindles.
The dependency structure of lower mask body introduction vibration amplitude transformer.
First connector 1 is provided with inner cavity 11, and inner cavity 11 extends along its outer ring axis.Vibration amplitude transformer 2 is inserted into
In inner cavity 11, axis is overlapped with the axis of 1 outer ring of the first connector or inner cavity 11.The section of inner cavity 11 can be it is round or
Opposite side shape, in order to vibrate the nonvoluntary rotation of amplitude transformer 2, the section of the inner cavity 11 of this implementation is polygon, for transmitting and bearing
Torsional moment, it is preferable that 11 section of inner cavity is regular hexagon, when one timing of external condition can keep its rigidity maximum.
The material of the vibration amplitude transformer 2 uses titanium alloy, and material loss is few in working frequency, and fatigue resistance is high, sound
Unit area impedance is small, can bear biggish vibration velocity and displacement amplitude.The vibration amplitude transformer 2 of stairstepping has at the abrupt change of cross-section
Very big stress is concentrated, and the problem of being broken because of fatigue is easy to happen close at mutation, thus at mutation using Gaussian curve and
Circular arc, cone line transition, can reduce stress lumped values.Vibrate 1 Gaussian curve transition of end transition position of amplitude transformer, cross section
Lesser one section of the diameter of product is about the 1/2 of one section be relatively large in diameter, and cross-sectional area is about big section of cross-sectional area compared with segment length
2/3, this is because the cantilever of cutter is longer in deep hole machining, axial-radial rigidity is relatively low, and change is easy to produce after stress
Shape, in order to improve the stability of cutter during deep hole machining, the axial direction of ultrasonic vibration secondary process system and radial amplitude
Ratio is not less than 4:1, which reduce cutters caused by oscillation crosswise to deviate scheduled path, avoids and falls when cutter is never cut
Cutter bumps against a possibility that workpiece when retracting on material；End is to improve vibration first using the principle of 1 Gaussian curve transition
The service life of amplitude transformer, the vibration amplitude transformer made are in iso-stress state.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, vibration amplitude transformer 2 includes cooperation positioning section 21, the first linkage section set gradually in order
22, the second connector construction section 23, actuator construction section 24, third connector construction section 25 and knife bar linkage section 26.First
Linkage section 22, the second connector construction section 23, actuator construction section 24, third connector construction section 25 are cylindrical, and second
23 diameter of connector construction section reduces 0.1-0.15mm compared with the first linkage section 22, and the second connector construction section 23 is in vibration luffing
The node of vibration mode position of bar.The cooperation positioning section 21 and knife bar linkage section 26 are located at vibration 2 both ends of amplitude transformer, knife bar linkage section
26 for connecting knife bar.The cooperation positioning section 21 is connected with the cooperation of 11 bottom of inner cavity, it is preferable that 11 bottom of the inner cavity setting
There is circular groove, the first gasket 12 is installed, 12 outer end of the first gasket is provided with cone-shaped groove, described at circular groove
Cooperation positioning section 21 is cone and matches with cone-shaped groove that the taper of circular cone is 1:8, and the cooperation insertion of positioning section 21 is mounted on
In cone-shaped groove, cooperate positioning section 21 and the first gasket 12 for transmitting and bearing axial load, 12 material of the first gasket is
Glass fibre and PET are formed according to sandwich of layers structure composite, and centre is PET, and inside and outside is glass fibre.
The second connector 231, the second connector are installed between the second connector construction section 23 and 11 inner wall of inner cavity
231 inner rings can be circle or other shapes, in the present embodiment, in order to which the second connector 231 can transmit torque, it is preferable that
Torque is transmitted using polyhedron connection, the outer ring in 231 section of the second connector is and the matched polygon in inner cavity 11, institute
It states 231 section inner ring of the second connector and 23 section of the second connector construction section is the polygon being mutually matched, section is non-circular
Shape can transmit torque.Second connector 231 is fixedly connected with the first connector 1, it is preferable that second connector 231
Section inner ring and 23 section of the second connector construction section are octagon, and the section outer ring of the second connector 231 is regular hexagon.
Further, the connection type of the second connector 231 and the first connector 1 is preferably that second connector 231 is connect with first
Part 1 is provided with corresponding bolt hole to be bolted fixed and pre-tighten, there are three bolt is specifically arranged, the second connector
231 bolt hole is blind hole, and the first pad being adapted to is equipped between second connector 231 and the second connector construction section 23
Circle 232.First washer, 232 section is octagon, is formed by glass fibre and PET according to sandwich of layers structure composite, intermediate
For PET, inside and outside is glass fibre, with high elastic modulus and has certain lubricating action, in vibration amplitude transformer reversed torsion
During, it is not likely to produce fatigue rupture.The diameter of axle of second connector construction section 23 lacks 0.1-0.2mm compared with the first linkage section 22.
Second connector 231 is provided with gap, and the gap is equipped with the second gasket 233, second pad
233 one end of piece is contacted with the first washer 232, and the other end is contacted with the first connector 1, specifically, as shown in figure 4, described second
233 cross sectional shape of gasket is spliced on the contrary by two right-angle folding shape blocks directions, and stitching portion has certain circular arc and angle.
In this way when bolt is provided to central pressing power, the close connection between all parts is kept.And second gasket 233 have resistance
Buddhist nun's property, can vibration isolation, i.e., will vibration luffing vibration of bar be isolated with platen, likewise, prevent machine tool move
The vibration interference of platform vibrates luffing vibration of bar.
24 diameter of axle of actuator construction section is about the 1/2 of the second connector construction section 23, and piezoelectric actuator 6 is mounted on actuator
Construction section 24, piezoelectric actuator 6 for realizing the vibration of the axial resonance of vibration amplitude transformer, send out by piezoelectric actuator 6 and ultrasonic wave
Raw device is connected by electric wire, and vibration frequency signal passes through wireless transmitter and wireless receiver transmitting, and by code machine
Structure coding and decoding, piezoelectric actuator 6 are specially ultrasonic transducer, and the supersonic frequency electric energy that supersonic generator generates is converted into
The mechanical energy of ultrasonic vibration.Preferably, the second connector construction section 23 and actuator construction section 24 form a multi-diameter shaft,
First linkage section 22 is sequentially reduced to 24 diameter of actuator construction section, and actuator construction section 24 is arranged at intervals with a pair radially
For installing piezoelectric actuator 6 and matching installation groove.As shown in figure 5, piezoelectric actuator 6 is installed into installation groove
Afterwards, outer ring is provided with circlip 61 and is fixedly clamped, and the circlip 61 is provided with platform close to the periphery of the second connector construction section 23
Rank, the step surface in regular hexahedron and with the second connector construction section 23 form can Matching installation the second connector 231 the
Two grooves, some is mounted on the step of circlip 61 such second connector 231, is equivalent to and is fixedly clamped to circlip 61
Effect so that piezoelectric actuator 6 is fixed more firm, and the step of circlip 61 has limit work to the second connector 231
With.
The third connector construction section 25 is provided with the first groove 251, first groove 251 and 11 outer wall of inner cavity it
Between third connector 2511 is installed, the third connector 2511 is fixedly connected with the first connector 1, the third connector
The outer ring in 2511 sections is to match with inner cavity 11, is provided with rounded washers between third connector 2511 and the first groove 251.On
The second connector 231, third connector 2511, the first washer, rounded washers and circlip 61 are stated by the material of high elastic modulus
Material is made, and is clamped by deformation into vibration amplitude transformer 2.
The 2511 section inner ring of third connector is circle, it is preferable that first groove 251 and third connector
2511 be correspondingly arranged there are two and along axis interval be arranged.Wherein, the node of vibration mode and the second connector of the vibration amplitude transformer 2
231, the position of two third connectors 2511 is overlapped.When installation, the second connector 231 and one of third connector 2511
180 ° are rotated, differential seat angle is 180 ° between two third connectors 2511, is mainly reduced as far as possible due to installation connecting element
Caused by unbalance dynamic quality.
In the present embodiment, the junction of different sections is all made of optimal arc transition, the radius R of arc transition3By connecting
Locate the equivalent diameter D of adjacent two sections of cross sections, length L, D2, length L2 and vibration amplification coefficient N, reference and optimum transfer circular arc
The relationship of radius and amplification coefficient N part determines.Determine step: radius of corner R3, size determines step are as follows:
Step 1: foundationFind out N value；
Step 2: foundationFind out A value；
Third step checks the relation table between horn,stepped optimum transfer arc radius and N, obtains β value；
4th step, according to R3=β D1, find out R3Value；
Wherein D1For the equivalent diameter of hexagonal prisms section cross section, L1For hexagonal prisms segment length, D2For changeover portion middle position
The equivalent diameter of cross section, L2For transition section length, N is amplification coefficient.
Reach good effect for the vibrational energy of knife bar linkage section 26 and guarantees the transmitting of axial vibration, institute as far as possible
Actuator construction section 24 is stated to being disposed with extended segment 27 and intermediate shaft part 28 between third connector construction section 25.In described
Between the diameter in entirely vibration amplitude transformer of shaft part 28 it is maximum, give third connector peace for further uniformly transferring axial vibration
Fill section 25.The length of extended segment 27 and intermediate shaft part 28 is adjusted with specific reference to actual demand.
The second linkage section 29, the second linkage section are provided between the third connector construction section 25 and knife bar linkage section 26
29 is rigid as the cylindrical body luffing of shape using Gaussian curve, is mainly used for axial vibration reaching very high vibration velocity and smaller
Amplitude meets high vibration speed and short arc requirement, so that it is had faster vibration velocity within certain vibration period, for swashing
It encourages working media and generates higher speed, improve processing efficiency and meet workpiece surface quality requirement.First connector 1 and machine
The cutter spindle of bed is connected to obtain the Feed servo system of cutter.
The present invention cooperates ultrasonic vibration system to carry out workpiece again by the cutter of blade and the knife bar composition of special construction
Workpiece surface quality can be improved in deep hole machining, the machining of micro-cutting sword, and ultrasonic vibration to occur in cutter deep hole machining
Quiver knife a possibility that drastically reduce, stock-removing efficiency can be improved with Optimizing Cutting Conditions, the surface quality on the inside of deep hole is more preferable,
Equal noresidue height and burr at inner surface and fillet, chip during deep hole machining blade restricted contact area and
Under ultrasonic vibration and the effect of micro-cutting sword, chip is more thin, will not impact to workpiece surface.Limitation contact area avoids
Chip is too long, has the function of chip breaking, and ultrasonic vibration make the periodic contact of chip and cutter with it is non-contact, what is made cut
Bits are more easier to be broken, and reduce the temperature of cutter, improve the service life of cutter, and under the action of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary, deep
Residual altitude is also removed after the processing of internal surface of hole, improves surface quality.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and is not intended to limit it, all without departing from the present invention
Any modification of spirit and scope or equivalent replacement, shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in a kind of oil pump casing, which comprises the steps of:
S1, according to cutting processing system kinetics equation, calculate the mode transfer function H for obtaining cutting processing system1(ω, n)；
S2, foundation working depth, row's point are equably set gradually from point of a knife to knife bar space from end, total k point successively marks
Are as follows: 1,2,3 ..., k successively obtain the mode transmission function of each node of cutter, are set as H by modal test3i(ω 1), i=1,
2,3 ..., k；
S3, the mode transmission function by each node of mode transmission function and cutter of cutting processing system establish cutter difference
Machining transmission function Φ under node1i, by Φ1iΦ is obtained by Laplace transform1i(s)；
S4, foundation Φ1i(s) it and by the method for strip method stability region, obtains in the machining under cutter difference node
Stability region；
S5, the cutting parameter according to stability region carry out efficient stable processing to workpiece.
2. deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in oil pump casing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
Consecutive points point is away from for 1mm in S2.
3. deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in oil pump casing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
In step S3, the Φ1iFollowing formula is obtained after Laplace transform:
H (s) is that dynamic cutting depth h (t) is obtained by Laplace transform；
H0 is ideal cutting depth in cutting；
T is the period of cutting, αpCutting width, k2 are the tangential cutting force coefficient under ultrasonic vibration subsidiary conditions.
4. deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in oil pump casing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the h (t)
Relational expression is as follows:
H (t)=h0-[(h2(t)-h1(t))-(h2(t-T)-h1(t-T))]；
Wherein h2(t-T) cutting depth of the previous cutter tooth processing of cutter, h are indicated2(t) indicate that cutter is processed when previous cutter tooth
Cutting depth, h1(t) cutting depth produced by the workpiece variation as caused by Workpiece vibration, h are indicated1(t-T) it indicates due to preceding
Workpiece vibration causes cutting depth caused by workpiece variation in a cycle.
5. deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in oil pump casing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: cutting process
In cutting force F2(t) as follows with h (t) relationship:
F2(t)=k2·h(t)·ap+ap·k3
Wherein, F2(t) following relational expression can be obtained according to cutting example kinetics equation:
Dynamic cutting depth h (t) is subjected to Laplace transform, can be obtained:
H (s)=h0-(e-sT-1)(h2(s)-h1(s))
The conversion of Cutting dynamics equation are as follows:
Wherein k3For the radial cutting force coefficient under ultrasonic vibration subsidiary conditions, q2For the displacement of point of a knife,For the displacement speed of point of a knife
Degree,For the displacement acceleration of point of a knife, k2Tangential cutting force coefficient under ultrasonic vibration subsidiary conditions, M2For the mode matter of cutter
Amount.
6. deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in oil pump casing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the S1
Cutting processing system kinetics equation is,
Wherein M (w, n) is the mass matrix of cutting processing system；
K (w, n) is the stiffness matrix of cutting processing system；
N is revolving speed, and w is ultrasonic vibration frequency, and D is equivalent viscous damping matrix；
Q is modal displacement,WithRespectively node speed and node acceleration；
F (t) is node force vector；
G and N is respectively that Effect of Rotation coefficient and ultrasonic vibration influence coefficient.
7. deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in oil pump casing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
In S1, H1(ω, n) is obtained in the following way: the finite element model of cutting processing system is initially set up, according to machining system
System kinetics equation obtains its mode transfer function H under different rotating speeds and the boundary condition of ultrasonic vibration frequency1(ω1), lead to
Overtesting test does not rotate the mode transfer function H with the point of a knife under the conditions of ultrasonic vibration2(ω1)；
Then with residual epsilon minimum to H1(ω1) and H2(ω1) be fitted, it obtains in different rotating speeds and ultrasonic vibration frequency condition
Lower stiffness matrix K (ω, n) and damping matrix C (ω, n), and it is fitted according to least square method, obtain stiffness matrix
With damping matrix with the variation function and mode transfer function H under revolving speed and ultrasonic vibration frequency1(ω, n)；
Whereinw2、w3Tool in Cutting excitation frequency respectively in cutting processing system
The minimum value and maximum value of rate.
8. deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in oil pump casing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: work as processing machine
When bed carries out deep hole machining, the peak value according to cutting depth in stability region function on cutter difference node selects the speed of mainshaft,
Cutting depth is selected according to the stability region on revolving speed and corresponding different nodes again, is selected on the cutting depth of all nodes
Minimum value realizes efficient stable processing.
9. deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in oil pump casing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cutter
Including knife bar (7) and the blade (8) being fixedly mounted on knife bar (7), the blade two sides have a cutting edge, on the cutting edge
It is provided with micro-cutting sword (83).
10. deep hole highly-efficient processing control method in oil pump casing according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the knife
Tool is connect by ultrasonic vibration auxiliary system with cutter spindle, the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary system including the first connector (1) and
It vibrates amplitude transformer (2), the vibration amplitude transformer (2) one end is packed into the first connector (1), and the first connector (1) is stretched out in one end
It is fixedly connected with knife bar or workpiece, the vibration amplitude transformer (2) is equipped with a pair of of piezoelectric actuator, for generating axial vibration simultaneously
The vibration is passed into blade.
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