CN109079256A - A kind of ultrasonic vibration assists the system and application method of efficient Gear Milling - Google Patents
A kind of ultrasonic vibration assists the system and application method of efficient Gear Milling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109079256A CN109079256A CN201810941531.9A CN201810941531A CN109079256A CN 109079256 A CN109079256 A CN 109079256A CN 201810941531 A CN201810941531 A CN 201810941531A CN 109079256 A CN109079256 A CN 109079256A
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- amplitude transformer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F9/00—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction
- B23F9/08—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction by milling, e.g. with helicoidal hob
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P25/00—Auxiliary treatment of workpieces, before or during machining operations, to facilitate the action of the tool or the attainment of a desired final condition of the work, e.g. relief of internal stress
- B23P25/003—Auxiliary treatment of workpieces, before or during machining operations, to facilitate the action of the tool or the attainment of a desired final condition of the work, e.g. relief of internal stress immediately preceding a cutting tool
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the systems that a kind of ultrasonic vibration assists efficient Gear Milling, including cutter workbench, the first connector, vibration amplitude transformer and cutterhead；First connector is connect with cutter workbench；Vibration amplitude transformer is inlaid in the first connector, the cutter workbench is connect to drive vibration amplitude transformer movement with vibration amplitude transformer by the first connector, described vibration amplitude transformer one end is embedded in the first connector, the other end is equipped with cutterhead, cutterhead is equipped with rest for gear milling tool outwardly, the vibration amplitude transformer is equipped with the opposite piezoelectric actuator in a pair of of position, vibration amplitude transformer can amplify the vibration displacement and speed that piezoelectric actuator generates, and axial and twisted coupling can be generated and vibrated, the piezoelectric actuator is connect with supersonic generator.Excision efficiency, the service life of cutter and the surface quality of workpiece of material can be improved in the application method of this system and this system, can synchronize the Roughing and fine machining for realizing gear, can be used for processing all kinds of bevel gears.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Gear Processing field, the system for assisting efficient Gear Milling more particularly to a kind of ultrasonic vibration
And application method.
Background technique
A kind of effective method of the mill teeth as processing gear, as shown in Figure 1,31 rotating machined workpiece tooth of rest for gear milling tool
Wheel 32, makes workpiece gear 32 form cone tooth, and mill teeth is widely used in all kinds of bevel gear makings.But traditional Gear Milling, work
Part surface quality is lower, and the gear after Gear Milling needs to lead to Gear Processing using fine-processing techniques such as gear lapping, roll flutes
Efficiency is lower, and tool wear is very fast, increases production cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve above-mentioned technical problem at least to a certain extent.For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of cutter mill
Damage the system that small, workpiece surface quality is high and efficient ultrasonic vibration assists efficient Gear Milling.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of efficient Gear Milling of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary
System, including cutter workbench, the first connector, vibration amplitude transformer and cutterhead；First connector and cutter workbench
Connection；The vibration amplitude transformer is inlaid in the first connector, and the cutter workbench passes through the first connector and vibration luffing
Bar connection is to drive vibration amplitude transformer movement, and described vibration amplitude transformer one end is embedded in the first connector, and the other end is equipped with
Cutterhead, cutterhead are equipped with rest for gear milling tool outwardly, and the vibration amplitude transformer is equipped with the opposite piezoelectric actuator in a pair of of position, and two
A piezoelectric actuator is arranged along the direction interval perpendicular to axis, and the vibration amplitude transformer can generate piezoelectric actuator
Vibration displacement and speed amplify, and can generate it is axial vibrated with twisted coupling, the piezoelectric actuator and ultrasonic wave are sent out
Raw device connection.
Further, first connector is provided with the inner cavity that section is polygon；In the vibration amplitude transformer is inserted into
In chamber；The vibration amplitude transformer includes the cooperation positioning section set gradually in order, the second connector construction section, actuator peace
Fill section, third connector construction section and cutterhead construction section；The cooperation positioning section and cutterhead construction section are located at vibration amplitude transformer
Both ends, the cooperation positioning section are connected with intracavity bottom cooperation, and the cutterhead construction section is for installing cutterhead；Described second connects
Second connector is installed to transmit torque between fitting construction section and interior cavity wall；There are two the piezoelectric actuator settings
And position is relatively mounted on actuator construction section；The third connector construction section is provided with the first groove, and described first is recessed
Third connector is installed between slot and interior cavity outer wall, the third connector is fixedly connected with the first connector, and described
The outer ring in three connector sections be with the matched polygon in inner cavity, third connector section inner ring be circle, the third
Connector construction section is provided with to be uniformly distributed and angularly disposed recess hole around axis.
Further, the outer ring in second connector section is to cut with the matched polygon in inner cavity, second connector
Face inner ring and the second connector construction section section are the polygon being mutually matched, and second connector and the first connector are solid
Fixed connection.
Further, the intracavity section is regular hexagon, second connector section inner ring and the installation of the second connector
Section section is octagon, and second connector is provided with corresponding bolt hole with the first connector to be bolted
It fixes and pre-tightens, the first washer being adapted to is installed between second connector and the second connector construction section, described second
Connector is provided with gap, and the gap is equipped with the second gasket, second gasket one end and the first washer contacts,
The other end is contacted with the first connector.
Further, the recess hole is provided with two groups, and there are four every group of recess hole settings and is uniformly distributed around axis, institute
It states the first groove and third connector is correspondingly arranged and is arranged there are two and along axis interval.
Further, the intracavity bottom is provided with circular groove, and third gasket, the third are equipped at circular groove
Gasket outer end is provided with cone-shaped groove, and the cooperation positioning section matches with cone-shaped groove and is inserted into that be mounted on cone recessed
In slot.
Further, the second connector construction section and actuator construction section form a multi-diameter shaft, and the first linkage section arrives
Actuator construction section diameter is sequentially reduced, and the piezoelectric actuator outer ring is provided with circlip, and the circlip is close to the second connector
The periphery of construction section is provided with step, and the step and the second connector construction section form energy the second connector of Matching installation
Second groove.
Further, the node of vibration mode and the second connector of the vibration amplitude transformer and the position weight of two third connectors
It closes.
The present invention also provides a kind of application method of system that efficient Gear Milling is assisted based on above-mentioned ultrasonic vibration, steps
It is rapid as follows:
Step 1: the system that the ultrasonic vibration assists efficient Gear Milling is assemblied in machining tool, so that toolsmith
Feeding processing can be completed under the driving of machine power system by making platform；
Step 2: control cutter working table movement drives rest for gear milling tool to process workpiece, while starting ultrasonic wave hair
Raw device is realized and is axially vibrated with twisted coupling, so that milling cutter under the supersonic frequency electric energy excitation that sonotrode provides
For tool on cutting depth direction and direction of rotation, realization contacts processing and non-processing loop cycle with workpiece.
Further, it in the step 2, when rest for gear milling tool is processed, is first carried out first with lower cutting depth and revolving speed
Processing first improves revolving speed, then improve after cutter and work pieces process have been completely secured in processing with non-processing loop cycle
Cutting depth, and the supersonic frequency of electric energy is improved, the material removal amount in the unit time is improved, excision efficiency is improved, works as milling
When the machining surplus of serrated knife tool is smaller, cutting depth is reduced, is finished.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: improving cutting for material with twisting vibration by the axial direction that piezoelectric actuator generates
Except efficiency, the surface quality in the service life of cutter and workpiece, the Roughing and fine machining for realizing gear can be synchronized, can be used for processing all kinds of
Bevel gear, the gear after ensure that Gear Milling not shake using fine-processing techniques such as gear lapping, roll flutes, and by ultrasound
Workpiece surface roughness, residual stress and the form accuracy of dynamic auxiliary processing can reach the technical requirements of gear.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is Gear Milling bevel gear schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the first connector, the attachment structure schematic diagram for vibrating amplitude transformer；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for vibrating amplitude transformer；
Fig. 4 is the first connector, the second connector, the connection cross-sectional view for vibrating amplitude transformer；
Fig. 5 is vibration luffing rod twisting disresonance vibration production principle.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, the present invention provides a kind of system that ultrasonic vibration assists efficient Gear Milling, including toolsmith
Make platform, the first connector 1, vibration amplitude transformer 2 and cutterhead 3；First connector 1 is connect with cutter workbench；The vibration
Amplitude transformer 2 is inlaid in the first connector 1, the cutter workbench by the first connector 1 with vibrate amplitude transformer 2 connect with
Driving vibration amplitude transformer 2 moves, and described 2 one end of vibration amplitude transformer is embedded in the first connector 1, and the other end is equipped with cutterhead 3,
Cutterhead 3 is equipped with rest for gear milling tool outwardly, and the vibration amplitude transformer 2 is equipped with the opposite piezoelectric actuator 6 in a pair of of position, and two
The piezoelectric actuator 6 can generate piezoelectric actuator 6 along the direction interval setting perpendicular to axis, the vibration amplitude transformer 2
Vibration displacement and speed amplify, and can generate it is axial vibrated with twisted coupling, the piezoelectric actuator 6 and ultrasonic wave
Generator connection.
Specifically to introduce the structure of vibration amplitude transformer 2 and the first connector 1 below with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
First connector, 1 material is potassium steel, and the first connector 1 is fixedly connected with machine tool workbench, cutter work
Cutter spindle is provided on platform, cutter spindle is connect with vibration amplitude transformer 2.Feeding, movement and the knife of machine tool workbench
The rotation of tool main shaft drives cutterhead 3 and rest for gear milling tool in vibration amplitude transformer 2 to process workpiece.Specifically, cutter spindle
Rotation, the rotation of driving vibration amplitude transformer 2, the rotation of cutterhead 3 and rest for gear milling tool rotation；It transports in other directions of machining of bevel gears
It is dynamic, it is determined by the movement of cutter workbench, the relative motion of cutter workbench and workpiece workbench meets machining of bevel gears
Machining path requirement.
First connector 1 is provided with inner cavity 11, and inner cavity 11 extends along its outer ring axis.Vibration amplitude transformer 2 is inserted into
In inner cavity 11, axis is overlapped with the axis of 1 outer ring of the first connector or inner cavity 11.The section of inner cavity 11 is polygon, is used for
Transmitting and receiving torsional moment, it is preferable that 11 section of inner cavity is regular hexagon, when one timing of external condition can keep it just
Property it is maximum.
The material of the vibration amplitude transformer 2 uses titanium alloy, and material loss is few in working frequency, and fatigue resistance is high, sound
Unit area impedance is small, can bear biggish vibration velocity and displacement amplitude.The vibration amplitude transformer 2 of stairstepping is at the abrupt change of cross-section
There is very big stress to concentrate, the problem of being broken because of fatigue is easy to happen close at mutation, therefore uses Gaussian curve at mutation
And circular arc, cone line transition, it can reduce stress lumped values, while making the close reason of the actual resonance frequency for vibrating amplitude transformer 2
By value.
Vibration amplitude transformer 2 includes cooperation positioning section 21, the first linkage section 22, the second connector set gradually in order
Construction section 23, actuator construction section 24, third connector construction section 25 and cutterhead construction section 26.First linkage section 22, actuating
Device construction section 24, third connector construction section 25 and cutterhead construction section 26 are cylindrical.21 He of cooperation positioning section
Cutterhead construction section 26 is located at vibration 2 both ends of amplitude transformer, and cutterhead construction section 26 is mounted on cutterhead peace for installing cutterhead 3, cutterhead 3
At the outer end for filling section 26, and 3 installation place of cutterhead is the amplitude maximum for vibrating amplitude transformer.The cooperation positioning section 21 and inner cavity
The cooperation of 11 bottoms is connected, it is preferable that 11 bottom of inner cavity is provided with circular groove, and third gasket is equipped at circular groove
12,12 outer end of third gasket is provided with cone-shaped groove, and the cooperation positioning section 21 is cone and and cone-shaped groove
Matching, the taper of circular cone are 1:12, and the cooperation insertion of positioning section 21 is mounted in cone-shaped groove, cooperate positioning section 21 and third
Gasket 12 is glass fibre and PET according to sandwich of layers structure composite for transmitting and bearing axial load, third gasket material
It forms, centre is PET, and inside and outside is glass fibre.
Second connector 5 is installed to transmit torque between the second connector construction section 23 and 11 inner wall of inner cavity, passes
The mode of torque delivery has very much, and spline connection transmitting can be used, this implementation preferably, torsion is transmitted using polyhedron connection
Square, the outer ring in 5 section of the second connector be with the matched polygon in inner cavity 11, the 5 section inner ring of the second connector and
Second connector construction section, 23 section is the polygon being mutually matched, section be it is non-circular, torque can be transmitted.Described second connects
Fitting 5 is fixedly connected with the first connector 1, it is preferable that the 5 section inner ring of the second connector and the second connector construction section
23 sections are octagon, and the section outer ring of the second connector 5 is regular hexagon.Further, the second connector 5 and first connects
The connection type of fitting 1 is preferably that second connector 5 is provided with corresponding bolt hole with the first connector 1 to pass through
It is bolted fixed and pre-tightens, there are three bolt specifically be arranged, the bolt hole of the second connector 5 is blind hole, and described second connects
The first washer 8 being adapted to is installed between part 5 and the second connector construction section 23.First washer, 8 section is octagon,
It is formed by glass fibre and PET according to sandwich of layers structure composite, centre is PET, and inside and outside is glass fibre, has high resiliency mould
It measures and there is certain lubricating action to be not likely to produce fatigue rupture during vibrating amplitude transformer reversed torsion.
Second connector 5 is provided with gap, and the gap is equipped with the second gasket 9, second gasket 9
One end is contacted with the first washer 8, and the other end is contacted with the first connector 1, specifically, as shown in figure 4, second gasket 9 is cut
Face shape is spliced on the contrary by two right-angle folding shape blocks directions, and stitching portion has certain circular arc and angle.Work as spiral shell in this way
When bolt is provided to central pressing power, the close connection between all parts is kept.And second gasket 9 have damping property,
Can vibration isolation, i.e., will vibration luffing vibration of bar be isolated with platen, likewise, preventing the vibration of machine tool mobile station
Dynamic interference vibration luffing vibration of bar.
24 diameter of axle of actuator construction section is about the 1/3 of the first linkage section 22, and the actuator construction section 24 is equipped with a pair
Piezoelectric actuator 6, piezoelectric actuator 6 are spaced setting in Z-direction, and piezoelectric actuator 6 is humorous for realizing the axial direction of vibration amplitude transformer
The vibration of vibration.Preferably, the second connector construction section 23 and actuator construction section 24 form a multi-diameter shaft, and first connects
It connects section 22 to be sequentially reduced to 24 diameter of actuator construction section, actuator construction section 24 is arranged at intervals with a pair in Z-direction and is used for
Piezoelectric actuator 6 is installed and matching installation groove.After piezoelectric actuator 6 installs installation groove, outer ring is provided with
Circlip 4 is fixedly clamped, and the circlip 4 is provided with step close to the periphery of the second connector construction section 23, and the step surface is in just
Hexahedron and the second groove that the second connector of energy Matching installation 5 is formed with the second connector construction section 23, such second connection
Some is mounted on the step of circlip 4 part 5, is equivalent to and is fixedly clamped to circlip 4, so that piezoelectric actuator 6
It is fixed more firm, and the step of circlip 4 has position-limiting action to the second connector 5.
The third connector construction section 25 is provided with the first groove 251, first groove 251 and 11 outer wall of inner cavity
Between third connector 7 is installed, the third connector 7 is fixedly connected with the first connector 1, and the third connector 7 is cut
The outer ring in face be with the matched polygon in inner cavity 11, i.e. regular hexagon, be provided between third connector 7 and the first groove 251
Rounded washers.Above-mentioned second connector 5, third connector 7, the first washer 8, the second gasket 9, rounded washers and circlip 4 are equal
It is made of the material of high elastic modulus, is clamped by deformation into vibration amplitude transformer 2.
The 7 section inner ring of third connector is circle, it is preferable that first groove 251 and third connector 7 are right
It should be arranged and be arranged there are two and along axis interval.The third connector construction section 25 is provided with to be uniformly distributed and tiltedly around axis
To the recess hole 252 of setting, the recess hole 252 is provided with two groups, and there are four every group of settings of recess hole 252 and equal around axis
Even distribution.252 length of recess hole is consistent with the length of third connector construction section 25, and recess hole 252 and the angle of axis are
30 degree.
Wherein, the node of vibration mode and the second connector 5 of the vibration amplitude transformer 2 and the position weight of two third connectors 7
It closes, cutterhead 3 is mounted on the vibration amplitude maximum of vibration amplitude transformer end.When installation, the second connector 5 with one of them the
Three connectors 7 rotate 180 °, and differential seat angle is 180 ° between two third connectors 7, are mainly reduced as far as possible due to installation
Unbalance dynamic quality caused by connector.
In the present embodiment, the junction of different sections is all made of optimal arc transition, the radius R of arc transition2By connecting
Locate the equivalent diameter D of adjacent two sections of cross sections, length L, D2, length L2 and vibration amplification coefficient N, reference and optimum transfer circle
Arc radius and the relationship of amplification coefficient N part determine.Determine step: radius of corner R2, size determines step are as follows:
Step 1: foundationFind out N value；
Step 2: foundationFind out A value；
Third step checks the relation table between horn,stepped optimum transfer arc radius and N, obtains β value；
4th step, according to R3=β D1, find out R3Value；
Wherein D1For the equivalent diameter of hexagonal prisms section cross section, L1For hexagonal prisms segment length, D2For changeover portion middle position
Cross section equivalent diameter, L2For transition section length, N is amplification coefficient.
Reach good effect for the vibrational energy at cutterhead and guarantees the transmitting of axial vibration, the cause as far as possible
Dynamic device construction section 24 is to being disposed with extended segment 27 and centre shaft part 28, the centre between third connector construction section 25
The diameter in entirely vibration amplitude transformer of shaft part 28 is maximum, and the length of extended segment 27 and intermediate shaft part 28 is with specific reference to actual demand
It is adjusted.When bearing alternating force, driving vibration amplitude transformer 2 is done twist motion by part power, due to 252 knot of recess hole
Structure, the torsion stiffness of third connector construction section 25 have narrowed down to the 1/8 of the torsion stiffness of extended segment 27 hereinafter, helping to produce
Raw twisting vibration, while axial rigidity also becomes smaller for generating axial vibration.
It is provided with the second linkage section 29 between the third connector construction section 25 and cutterhead construction section 26, described second
29 outer ring of linkage section extends curve and is Gaussian curve and gradually becomes from third connector construction section 25 to 26 diameter of cutterhead construction section
It is small.It is mainly used for axial vibration reaching very high vibration velocity, meets in efficient roughing, all kinds of cylinders of finishing
High vibration rate request when gear makes it have faster vibration velocity within certain vibration period, improves workpiece table
Face quality, including surface roughness and residual stress etc..
Piezoelectric actuator 6 is connect with supersonic generator by electric wire, and vibration frequency signal passes through wireless transmission
Device and wireless receiver transmit, and are coded and decoded by coding mechanism.Piezoelectric actuator is specially ultrasonic transducer, will be ultrasonic
The supersonic frequency electric energy that wave producer generates is converted into the mechanical energy of ultrasonic vibration, and to vibrate amplitude transformer realization axially and turn round
Turn coupled vibrations.Vibration amplitude transformer 2 is used to amplify vibration displacement and speed that piezoelectric actuator generates, and will be ultrasonic
Energy accumulating is on lesser area, machining tool.Amplitude transformer 2 is vibrated under the incentive action of a pair of of piezoelectric actuator 6, it is real
Show axial and twisted coupling to vibrate；The end transition position for vibrating amplitude transformer uses Gaussian curve transition, vibrates horizontal in amplitude transformer
Lesser one section of the diameter of sectional area is about the 1/4 of one section be relatively large in diameter, and cross-sectional area is about cross section compared with segment length
The big segment length 1/2 of product, this is to reduce oscillation crosswise to improve the bending stiffness that Gear Milling vibrates amplitude transformer in the process
Caused cutter deviates scheduled path, and avoid that the cutter when cutter is never cut and retracted on the material fallen bumps against workpiece can
It can property；Principle using Gaussian curve transition is that the amplitude transformer of Gaussian curve transition can generate higher displacement, Neng Gouzhen first
The relatively large cutterhead of kinoplaszm amount meets the transversal requirement towards the cross section transition compared with small area of larger area.
X herein is to the up and down direction for the visual angle Fig. 2, and Y-direction is to vibrate the axis direction of amplitude transformer 2, and Z-direction is to regard with Fig. 2
The vertical direction of angle plane, X, Y, Z are orthogonal, and the piezoelectric actuator 6 in Fig. 2 is to be intended merely in Z-direction in Fig. 2 in fact
In show and put in this way.
Vibrate amplitude transformer under the action of z is to a pair of of piezoelectric actuator 6 of arrangement, generate axial vibration, on point of a knife with
The direction y embodies, i.e. the thickness of cutting direction of machining.Amplitude transformer is vibrated when by cutting force, due to cutting process
Vibration cause thickness of cutting variation, result in cutting force alternating variation, third connector construction section 25 is by cutting force
Afterwards, as shown in figure 5, the effect due to recess hole 252 changes the transmission path of cutting force, cutting force will cause vibration luffing
Torsion of bar movement, the cutting force of alternate change cause the reversed torsion campaign of vibration amplitude transformer, realize non-resonant torsion
Rotational oscillation is dynamic.The amplification of third connector construction section 25 and the second linkage section 29 is passed through in axial direction and twisting vibration, is formed in point of a knife
Faster y is to vibration velocity and amplitude.
Ultrasonic vibration can generate ultrasonic cavitation, i.e., the change of cutter and air pressure at material, makes in cutting process
Cutting fluid can be more deep penetrate into its contact position, further decrease the temperature of workpiece and tool contact area, improve
Workpiece surface quality and cutter life.In a z-direction, under certain wire pulling method speed, with relatively low z to
Vibration velocity carries out processing, and to help further to be lifted at processing in the period bad with following for not process-cycle.
The present invention also provides a kind of application method of system that efficient Gear Milling is assisted based on above-mentioned ultrasonic vibration, steps
It is rapid as follows:
Step 1: the system that the ultrasonic vibration assists efficient Gear Milling is assemblied in machining tool, so that toolsmith
Feeding processing can be completed under the driving of machine power system by making platform；
Step 2: control cutter working table movement drives rest for gear milling tool to process workpiece, while starting ultrasonic wave hair
Raw device is realized and is axially vibrated with twisted coupling, so that milling cutter under the supersonic frequency electric energy excitation that sonotrode provides
For tool on cutting depth direction and direction of rotation, realization contacts processing and non-processing loop cycle with workpiece.
In the step 2, when rest for gear milling tool is processed, first processed first with lower cutting depth and revolving speed, when
After rest for gear milling tool and work pieces process and non-processing loop cycle have been completely secured in processing, revolving speed is first improved, then improve cutting
Depth, and the supersonic frequency of electric energy is improved, the material removal amount in the unit time is improved, excision efficiency is improved, works as milling cutter
When the machining surplus of tool is smaller, cutting depth is reduced, is finished.
Axial direction that the present invention is generated by piezoelectric actuator and twisting vibration improve the excision efficiency of material, cutter
The surface quality in service life and workpiece can synchronize the Roughing and fine machining for realizing gear, can be used for processing all kinds of bevel gears, ensure that
Gear after Gear Milling should not be using fine-processing techniques such as gear lapping, roll flutes, and the work Jing Guo ultrasonic vibration secondary process
Part surface roughness, residual stress and form accuracy can reach the technical requirements of gear.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and is not intended to limit it, all without departing from this hair
Any modification of bright spirit and scope or equivalent replacement, shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the system that a kind of ultrasonic vibration assists efficient Gear Milling, it is characterised in that: including cutter workbench, the first connector
(1), amplitude transformer (2) and cutterhead (3) are vibrated；
First connector (1) connect with cutter workbench；
The vibration amplitude transformer (2) is inlaid in the first connector (1), the cutter workbench by the first connector (1) with
To drive vibration amplitude transformer (2) movement, the vibration amplitude transformer (2) one end is embedded in the first connector for vibration amplitude transformer (2) connection
(1) in, the other end is equipped with cutterhead (3), and cutterhead (3) is equipped with rest for gear milling tool outwardly, and the vibration amplitude transformer (2) is equipped with one
The piezoelectric actuator (6) opposite to position, two piezoelectric actuators (6) are arranged along the direction interval perpendicular to axis, institute
The vibration displacement and speed that piezoelectric actuator (6) generate can be amplified by stating vibration amplitude transformer (2), and can be generated axial and be turned round
Turn coupled vibrations, the piezoelectric actuator (6) connect with supersonic generator.
2. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 assists efficient Gear Milling, it is characterised in that: described first connects
Fitting (1) is provided with the inner cavity (11) that section is polygon；The vibration amplitude transformer (2) is inserted into inner cavity (11)；The vibration
Dynamic amplitude transformer (2) include the cooperation positioning section (21) set gradually in order, the second connector construction section (23), actuator installation
Section (24), third connector construction section (25) and cutterhead construction section (26)；
The cooperation positioning section (21) and cutterhead construction section (26) are located at vibration amplitude transformer (2) both ends, the cooperation positioning section
(21) it is connected with the cooperation of inner cavity (11) bottom, the cutterhead construction section (26) is for installing cutterhead (3)；
Second connector (5) is installed to transmit torque between the second connector construction section (23) and inner cavity (11) inner wall；
There are two piezoelectric actuator (6) settings and position is relatively mounted on actuator construction section (24)；
The third connector construction section (25) is provided with the first groove (251), and first groove (251) and inner cavity (11) are outside
It is equipped between wall third connector (7), the third connector (7) is fixedly connected with the first connector (1), and the third connects
The outer ring in fitting (7) section be with inner cavity (11) matched polygon, third connector (7) the section inner ring be circle, institute
It states third connector construction section (25) and is provided with and be uniformly distributed around axis and angularly disposed recess hole (252).
3. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2 assists efficient Gear Milling, it is characterised in that: described second connects
The outer ring in fitting (5) section is and inner cavity (11) matched polygon, the second connector (5) section inner ring and the second connection
Part construction section (23) section is the polygon being mutually matched, and second connector (5) is fixedly connected with the first connector (1).
4. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 3 assists efficient Gear Milling, it is characterised in that: the inner cavity
(11) section is regular hexagon, and the second connector (5) section inner ring and second connector construction section (23) section are positive eight
Side shape, it is fixed and pre- to be bolted that second connector (5) with the first connector (1) is provided with corresponding bolt hole
Tightly, the first washer (8) being adapted to is installed between second connector (5) and the second connector construction section (23), described
Two connectors (5) are provided with gap, and the gap is equipped with the second gasket (9), described second gasket (9) one end and first
Washer (8) contact, the other end are contacted with the first connector (1).
5. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2 assists efficient Gear Milling, it is characterised in that: the recess hole
(252) be provided with two groups, every group of recess hole (252) setting there are four and be uniformly distributed around axis, first groove (251) and
Third connector (7) is correspondingly arranged to be arranged there are two and along axis interval.
6. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2 assists efficient Gear Milling, it is characterised in that: the inner cavity
(11) bottom is provided with circular groove, is equipped at circular groove third gasket (12), third gasket (12) the outer end setting
There is cone-shaped groove, the cooperation positioning section (21), which matches and is inserted into cone-shaped groove, to be mounted in cone-shaped groove.
7. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2 assists efficient Gear Milling, it is characterised in that: described second connects
Fitting construction section (23) and actuator construction section (24) form a multi-diameter shaft, and the first linkage section (22) arrives actuator construction section
(24) diameter is sequentially reduced, and piezoelectric actuator (6) outer ring is provided with circlip (4), and the circlip (4) is close to the second connector
The periphery of construction section (23) is provided with step, and the step and the second connector construction section (23) composition can the companies of Matching installation second
Second groove of fitting (5).
8. the system that ultrasonic vibration according to claim 5 assists efficient Gear Milling, it is characterised in that: the vibration becomes
The node of vibration mode of width bar (2) is overlapped with the position of the second connector (5) and two third connectors (7).
9. the application method of the system of efficient Gear Milling is assisted based on the described in any item ultrasonic vibrations of claim 1 to 8,
It is characterized in that, includes the following steps:
Step 1: the system that the ultrasonic vibration assists efficient Gear Milling is assemblied in machining tool, so that cutter workbench
Feeding processing can be completed under the driving of machine power system；
Step 2: control cutter working table movement drives rest for gear milling tool to process workpiece, while starting supersonic generator,
Under the supersonic frequency electric energy excitation that sonotrode provides, realize that axial and twisted coupling is vibrated, so that rest for gear milling tool is being cut
It cuts on depth direction and direction of rotation, realization contacts processing and non-processing loop cycle with workpiece.
10. application method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: first when rest for gear milling tool is processed in the step 2
It is first processed with lower cutting depth and revolving speed, is added when rest for gear milling tool and work pieces process have been completely secured in processing with non-
After the loop cycle of work, revolving speed is first improved, then improve cutting depth, and the supersonic frequency of electric energy is improved, improves the unit time
Interior material removal amount improves excision efficiency, when the machining surplus of rest for gear milling tool is smaller, reduces cutting depth, carries out
Finishing.
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| CN109807403A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-05-28 | 湖南工学院 | A kind of gear hobbing cutter and processing method of highly-efficient processing gear |
| CN109834337A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-04 | 湖南工学院 | A kind of rest for gear milling tool and processing method of high-efficiency and precision processing gear |
| CN112207368A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-12 | 天津理工大学 | Method for processing and controlling tooth surface texture of spiral bevel gear by rotary ultrasonic hobbing |
| CN112222540A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-15 | 天津理工大学 | Design method of spiral bevel gear rotary ultrasonic gear grinding machining device |
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