CN109374454B - Multifunctional pavement paving material performance test device and test method - Google Patents
Multifunctional pavement paving material performance test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional pavement paving material performance test device and a test method, comprising a liftable reaction frame, a tire cyclic loading device, a pavement forming mold and a performance test system, wherein the liftable reaction frame comprises an upright post and a cross beam, and a hydraulic lifting system is arranged in the upright post to drive the cross beam to lift; the tire circulating loading device comprises a vertical rod piece, a central gear, a tire assembly and a driving assembly, wherein the upper end of the vertical rod piece is fixedly connected with the cross beam, the central gear is rotatably installed at the lower end of the vertical rod piece, the tire assembly and the central gear are coaxially installed, and the driving assembly drives the central gear to rotate; the road surface forming die is used for containing road surface paving materials, and the tire assembly can roll on the formed road surface; the performance testing system comprises a movable support and various testing instruments which are arranged on the movable support and in the pavement paving material. The invention can give consideration to various working conditions and test environment conditions, and researches and obtains the performance attenuation condition of a newly-built pavement or a pavement after maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of testing of asphalt mixtures in road engineering, in particular to a multifunctional pavement paving material performance testing device and a testing method.
Background
At present, the service life of the pavement can not reach the design life, and the maintenance of the pavement costs a great amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources, so that the long-term performance observation and the preventive maintenance research of the pavement are particularly important in the whole service life cycle of the pavement.
The research on the long-term road performance of the asphalt pavement and the performance attenuation after preventive maintenance is carried out at home and abroad, the problems of large research investment, long period and no universality exist depending on a certain entity engineering project or a large-scale loop test facility, and the stress-strain analysis in the pavement structure is mostly simulated by adopting finite element software, but the pavement performance decay and the structure failure mechanism are results under the multiple coupling action, and the numerical simulation has large errors with the actual condition of the pavement. Meanwhile, the performance change of the asphalt pavement in the whole life cycle does not have a standard test method and an evaluation index, related experimental equipment is also lacked, and the research on the performance decay of the pavement under the multiple coupling effects of axle load, speed, temperature and humidity is less.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a multifunctional pavement paving material performance test device and a test method aiming at the defects in the prior art, which can give consideration to various working conditions and test environment conditions, and research and obtain the performance attenuation condition of a newly-built pavement or a repaired pavement, thereby researching and analyzing pavement materials, structures and functionality, and further researching the performance change rule of the pavement under the service condition in the whole life cycle; compared with the laying test section and the large-scale loop test, the invention has the characteristics of convenient use, economy and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a multi-functional road surface paving material capability test device which characterized in that, includes liftable reaction frame, tire circulation loading device, road surface forming die and capability test system:
the liftable reaction frame comprises an upright post and a cross beam, and a hydraulic lifting system is arranged in the upright post to drive the cross beam to do lifting motion;
the tire circulating loading device comprises a vertical rod piece, a central gear, a tire assembly and a driving assembly, wherein the upper end of the vertical rod piece is fixedly connected with the cross beam, the central gear is rotatably installed at the lower end of the vertical rod piece, the tire assembly and the central gear are coaxially installed, and the driving assembly drives the central gear to rotate so as to drive the tire assembly to rotate;
the road surface forming mould is used for containing road surface paving materials, and the tire assembly can roll on a formed road surface to apply load;
the performance testing system comprises a movable support and various testing instruments which are arranged on the movable support and in the pavement paving material.
In the above scheme, multi-functional road surface paving material capability test device still includes environment regulation and control system, environment regulation and control system includes basin and thermostatic waterbath instrument, road surface forming die place in the basin, the basin pass through the pipeline with thermostatic waterbath instrument connects, through the heating and the refrigeration function of thermostatic waterbath instrument, carries out the water bath to the road surface paving material in the basin, simulates the rainwater weather and the freeze-thaw environment on actual road surface.
In the above scheme, the environment regulation and control system further comprises a buckle cover, the buckle cover is adapted to the water tank, and a closed box structure is formed after the buckle cover is assembled; and an ultraviolet light and a temperature and humidity controller are arranged in the buckle cover and are used for curing the concrete pavement within a set time.
In the scheme, the side wall of the pavement forming mold is of a telescopic structure with adjustable height so as to form concrete pavements with different thicknesses; the road surface forming die is fixed in the water tank through bolts, and the road surface forming die has a certain inclination degree by adjusting the height of the bolts so as to simulate the road surface gradient condition.
In the scheme, the lower end of the movable support is fixedly arranged between the water tank and the pavement forming mold in a detachable mode; the front end of the upper part of the movable support is provided with a laser displacement sensor and a ground penetrating radar transmitting and receiving antenna which are respectively used for measuring the track depth produced by the road under the action of a tire and detecting the dielectric constant change of the road structure in real time; a sound level meter is arranged in the middle of the movable support and used for measuring noise between the tire and the road surface; the pavement paving material is internally provided with strain, stress and acceleration sensors to test the static and dynamic response change rules of the pavement in real time.
In the above scheme, the tire cyclic loading device further comprises a radial thrust bearing, the sun gear is installed at the lower end of the vertical rod piece through the radial thrust bearing, and a force sensor is arranged between the vertical rod piece and the radial thrust bearing and used for testing axial pressure.
In the above scheme, the tire subassembly includes carousel, telescopic shaft, tire, carousel fixed mounting in sun gear's lower part rotates along with sun gear is synchronous, a plurality of telescopic shafts are arranged along circumference to the carousel side, and a tire is installed in the tip rotation of every telescopic shaft.
In the above scheme, the driving assembly comprises a motor, a gearbox, a transmission rod and a gearbox, the motor is mounted on the cross beam and connected with the transmission rod through the gearbox, and the bottom end of the transmission rod is connected with the central gear through the gearbox.
In the scheme, the displacement sensor is arranged at the connecting part of the upright column and the cross beam and used for testing the size of vertical movement displacement.
The invention also provides a performance test method of the multifunctional pavement paving material, which is carried out by adopting the test device and specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, adjusting the height of a pavement forming mold according to the thickness of a pavement to be prepared, uniformly mixing various materials of asphalt concrete according to a designed mixing ratio, paving the materials into the pavement forming mold according to a certain paving coefficient, rolling and forming an asphalt mixture by a small road roller according to a certain rolling process, and cooling to room temperature for later use;
secondly, curing the molded test piece through an environment regulating system according to different test purposes, wherein the curing process comprises the steps of irradiating the test piece with different temperatures, humidity and ultraviolet light and soaking the test piece in water or not;
thirdly, lifting the test piece and the water tank to the lower part of the tire cyclic loading device, adjusting a hydraulic lifting system to enable the tire to contact the surface of the test piece, and controlling the force between the tire and the road surface through a force sensor to enable the tire and the road surface to reach the design load;
fourthly, mounting a movable support, mounting a laser displacement sensor, a sound level meter and a ground penetrating radar transmitting and receiving antenna, monitoring the performance change rule of the road surface in real time through a performance testing system, and simultaneously observing the development of the road crack by using a crack observation instrument and detecting the anti-skid performance of the road surface by using a pendulum type friction instrument;
fifthly, starting a cyclic loading device to carry out cyclic loading on the road surface according to design requirements, and carrying out dynamic detection on the road surface performance according to the fifth step on the road surface performance at regular time according to the design requirements;
sixthly, using a constant-temperature water bath instrument as required to enable the road surface to be in a water bath environment with a certain temperature for health preservation, using a buckle cover as required to carry out health preservation on the road surface in a constant-temperature, constant-humidity and ultraviolet environment, and then continuously carrying out cyclic loading; the inclination of a road surface forming mold is adjusted through bolts as required, the up-down slope condition of an actual road surface can be simulated, and the mechanical behavior of the road surface under different gradient conditions is researched by setting different loading speeds and cycle times and using a built-in sensor of the road surface;
seventhly, dynamically monitoring rutting, noise, skid resistance, dielectric constant (when the road surface is in a dry environment) and crack development of the road surface according to the detection method in the fifth step, and adding a detection means according to needs to comprehensively analyze the decay rule of the road surface performance; the method comprises the steps of periodically drilling and sampling a pavement, symmetrically coring to perform a parallel test, performing mechanical analysis on the pavement through a material testing machine, researching the performance attenuation condition of the asphalt pavement, and theoretically perfecting the fatigue, permanent deformation and cracking prediction model of the asphalt concrete pavement;
eighthly, the pavement may have early diseases such as cracks, peeling and pits under the action of multiple coupling, if not, joint cutting or grooving is carried out manually, then, a plurality of different maintenance methods are adopted for different diseases, a stress sensor is arranged on an interface, and the pavement after maintenance is dynamically monitored by combining the maintenance, loading and detection methods, so that the quality of maintenance measures is evaluated and optimized;
and ninthly, evaluating the condition of the road surface after the test is finished, selecting corresponding preventive maintenance measures, such as a fog sealing layer, a micro-surfacing and an ultrathin cover surface, simulating different environments and load conditions, and carrying out short-term and long-term performance observation through various indexes to obtain an optimal maintenance scheme, including materials, structures and construction process information.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the multifunctional test device for testing the performance of the pavement material controls the force between the tire and the pavement by designing the liftable reaction frame so as to achieve the design load; the cyclic loading of the road surface is realized by designing a tyre cyclic loading device; the asphalt concrete pavements of different types and thicknesses are molded by designing a pavement molding mold; curing the prepared asphalt concrete material for a set time by designing an environment regulation and control system, and preparing for subsequent tests and performance detection; the performance of the road surface is dynamically monitored by designing a performance test system, and the influence factors of the skid resistance and the flatness of the road surface and the relationship between the performance of the road surface and each influence factor are researched. The whole test device and the test method thereof have the characteristics of convenient use and economy in the aspect of researching the performance change in the service life cycle of the asphalt pavement, compared with a paving test section or a large-scale loop test, and can take various working conditions and test environmental conditions into consideration.
2. The invention can be used for carrying out experiments on pavements with different thicknesses and types, and researching the performance test of a pavement with a certain gradient by adjusting the height of the mould, and the test method adopts a plurality of indexes to evaluate the performance attenuation condition of the pavement, and has the characteristics of comprehensive consideration, simple operation, high efficiency and strong universality.
3. The invention can give consideration to various working conditions and test environment conditions, and research and obtain the performance attenuation condition of a newly-built pavement or a repaired pavement, thereby researching and analyzing pavement materials, structures and functionality, and further researching the performance change rule of the pavement under the service condition under the full life cycle; compared with the laying test section and the large-scale loop test, the invention has the characteristics of convenient use, economy and the like.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional pavement paving material performance testing device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the tire assembly of the test apparatus shown in fig. 1 in a state separated from a road surface molding die.
In the figure: 10. a reaction frame can be lifted; 11. a column; 12. a cross beam; 14. a displacement sensor; 20. a tire cyclic loading device; 21. a vertical rod member; 22. a radial thrust bearing; 23. a sun gear; 24. a tire component; 241. a turntable; 242. a telescopic shaft; 243. a tire; 25. a drive assembly; 251. a motor; 252. a gearbox; 253. a transmission rod; 254. a gear case; 26. a diagonal bar; 30. a pavement forming mold; 31. a bolt; 32. a hoisting ring; 40. an environmental regulation system; 41. a water tank; 42. a constant temperature water bath instrument; 43. covering; 50. a performance testing system; 51. a movable support; 52. a laser displacement sensor; 53. and a sound level meter.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the multifunctional pavement paving material performance testing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a liftable reaction frame 10, a tire cyclic loading device 20, a pavement forming mold 30, and a performance testing system 50:
the liftable reaction frame 10 comprises a vertical column 11 and a cross beam 12, and a hydraulic lifting system is arranged in the vertical column 11 to drive the cross beam 12 to do lifting movement. Specifically, there are two upright columns 11, the two upright columns 11 are fastened with the ground by bolts, a hydraulic lifting system (not shown) is installed in one of the upright columns 11, and the cross beam 12 is transversely arranged at the top ends of the two upright columns 11 and controls the vertical movement of the cross beam 12 through the hydraulic lifting system. And a displacement sensor 14 is arranged at the connecting part of the upright post 11 and the cross beam 12 and used for testing the vertical movement displacement of the cross beam 12.
The tire circulating and loading device 20 comprises a vertical rod piece 21, a central gear 23, a tire assembly 24 and a driving assembly 25, wherein the upper end of the vertical rod piece 21 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the cross beam 12 and used for fixing equipment below and transferring load, the lower end of the vertical rod piece 21 is connected with the central gear 23 through a centripetal thrust bearing 22, and the centripetal thrust bearing 22 plays a role in transferring axial force. A force sensor is arranged between the vertical rod piece 21 and the radial thrust bearing 22 for testing the axial pressure. The drive assembly 25 drives the sun gear 23 in rotation and the tire assembly 24 is mounted coaxially with the sun gear 23.
The road surface forming mold 30 is used to hold road paving material and form various types and thicknesses of asphalt concrete road surfaces, and the tire assembly 24 may be rolled over the formed road surface to apply a cyclic load.
The performance testing system 50 includes a movable frame 51 and various testing instruments mounted on the movable frame 51 and mounted within the paving material.
Further, in this embodiment, the multifunctional pavement paving material performance testing apparatus further includes an environment control system 40 for simulating an environment of the pavement in an actual use process. The environment regulation and control system 40 comprises a circular circulating water tank 41 and a constant-temperature water bath instrument 42, the pavement forming mold 30 is placed in the circulating water tank 41, the water tank 41 is connected with the constant-temperature water bath instrument 42 through a pipeline, and the pavement paving material in the water tank 41 is subjected to water bath through the heating and refrigerating functions of the constant-temperature water bath instrument 42 to simulate the rainwater weather and the freeze-thaw environment of an actual pavement. The pavement material is in road surface forming die 30, and road surface forming die 30 passes through four bolts 31 to be fixed in basin 41, reaches the effect of restriction mould vertical and lateral displacement, can be through the height of adjusting four bolts 31, makes road surface forming die 30 have certain gradient, the simulation road surface slope situation. The side edge of the road surface forming mould 30 is provided with a hanging ring 32, the cross beam 12 can be controlled by a hydraulic lifting system to ascend, so that the tire assembly 24 is driven to ascend, and then the road surface forming mould 30 is lifted by the hanging ring 32 and moved out to the external space.
The side wall of the road surface forming mould 30 is a telescopic structure with adjustable height so as to form concrete road surfaces with different thicknesses, control the loose paving coefficient, load a certain mass of paving materials into the mould, and roll the paving materials through a small-sized road roller according to the specification, so that the required road surface pavement can be obtained.
Further, in this embodiment, the environment control system 40 further includes a cover 43, the cover 43 is adapted to the water tank 41, and a closed box structure is formed after assembly; the cover 43 is provided with an ultraviolet lamp and a temperature and humidity controller inside for curing the concrete road surface within a set time. In order to control different temperature, humidity and ultraviolet environments, the tire cyclic loading device 20 is integrally moved upwards, the top of the water tank 41 is covered with the buckle cover 43, and the prepared asphalt concrete material is cured for a set time through an ultraviolet light and a temperature and humidity controller in the buckle cover 43, so that preparation is made for subsequent tests and performance detection.
Further preferably, in the present embodiment, the lower end of the movable bracket 51 is detachably fixed between the water tank 41 and the road surface forming mold 30, and the installation position of the movable bracket in the water tank 41 can be changed to perform tests at different positions. The front end of the upper part of the movable support 51 is provided with a laser displacement sensor 52 and a ground penetrating radar transmitting and receiving antenna (not shown), the laser displacement sensor 52 is used for measuring the track depth produced by the road under the action of tires, and the ground penetrating radar transmitting and receiving antenna is used for detecting the dielectric constant change of the road structure in real time. A sound level meter 53 is provided in the middle of the movable bracket 51 for measuring the noise between the tire and the road surface. The strain sensor, the stress sensor and the acceleration sensor are arranged in the pavement paving material, and the static and dynamic response change rules of the pavement are tested in real time.
The method is characterized in that after the asphalt pavement is loaded in different environments and in a circulating mode, the performance of the pavement is dynamically monitored, influence factors of the skid resistance and the flatness of the pavement and the relation between the performance of the pavement and each influence factor are researched, the pavement can be periodically subjected to core drilling sampling, the pavement is subjected to mechanical analysis through a material testing machine, the performance attenuation condition of the asphalt pavement is researched, the fatigue, the permanent deformation, the cracking prediction model and the like of the asphalt concrete pavement are theoretically perfected, and the method has the advantages of economy, convenience, rapidness and the like compared with the field core drilling sampling of the pavement. The inclination of the road surface forming die 30 is adjusted through the fixing bolts, the uphill condition of the actual road surface can be simulated, and the mechanical behavior of the road surface under the conditions of different slopes is researched by setting different speeds and circulation times and by means of a built-in sensor of the road surface.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the tire assembly 24 includes a turntable 241, a telescopic shaft 242, and tires 243, the turntable 241 is fixedly mounted at the lower portion of the central gear 23, and rotates synchronously with the central gear 23, the side of the turntable 241 is provided with a plurality of telescopic shafts 242 along the circumferential direction, and one tire 243 is rotatably mounted at the end of each telescopic shaft 242. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are three tires 243, the three tires 243 are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the turntable 241, and the tires 243 can be extended and contracted within a certain range, so as to achieve the purpose of rolling different areas of the road surface.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the driving assembly 25 includes a motor 251, a gear box 252, a transmission rod 253 and a gear box 254, the motor 251 is mounted on the cross beam 12, the motor 251 is connected to the upper end of the transmission rod 253 through the gear box 252, and the bottom end of the transmission rod 253 is connected to the central gear 23 through the gear box 254, so as to drive the tire 243 to perform a circular motion. For structural stability, a diagonal rod 26 is provided between the transmission rod 253 and the beam 12 for structural reinforcement, and the transmission rod 253 and the diagonal rod 26 are connected by a bushing or a bearing.
The invention also provides a test method of the multifunctional pavement paving material performance test device, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, a hydraulic lifting system is adjusted to enable the beam 12 and the tire assembly 24 to move upwards integrally, the tire 243 is emptied, the beam is lifted out by means of lifting rings 32 around a pavement forming mold 30, all materials of asphalt concrete are mixed uniformly according to a designed mixing ratio, the materials are paved into the pavement forming mold 30 according to a certain paving coefficient, the asphalt mixture is rolled and formed by a small road roller according to a certain rolling process, and the asphalt mixture is cooled to room temperature for later use.
Secondly, the molded test piece can be maintained through an environment regulation and control system 40 according to different test purposes, wherein the environment conditions comprise different temperature, humidity, ultraviolet irradiation, whether the test piece is soaked or not and the like;
thirdly, hoisting the test piece and the water tank 41 together to the lower part of the tire cyclic loading device 20, adjusting a hydraulic lifting system to enable the tire to contact the surface of the test piece, and controlling the force between the tire and the road surface through a force sensor to enable the test piece and the road surface to reach the design load;
fourthly, installing a movable support 51, installing a laser displacement sensor 52, a sound level meter 53 and a ground penetrating radar transmitting and receiving antenna, monitoring the performance change rule of the road surface in real time through a performance testing system 50, and meanwhile, combining the existing instrument and equipment, such as adopting a crack observer to observe the development of the road crack, adopting a pendulum type friction meter to detect the anti-skid performance of the road surface and the like;
step five, starting the tire cyclic loading device 20 to cyclically load the road surface according to the design requirement, and periodically detecting the road surface performance according to the design requirement and the method of the step five;
sixthly, using a constant-temperature water bath instrument 42 as required to maintain the pavement in a water bath environment at a certain temperature, using a buckle cover 43 as required to maintain the pavement in constant-temperature, constant-humidity and ultraviolet environments, and then continuously carrying out cyclic loading; the inclination of the road surface forming die 30 is adjusted through the bolts 31 as required, the up-down slope condition of the actual road surface can be simulated, and the mechanical behavior of the road surface under different gradient conditions is researched by setting different loading speeds and cycle times and by means of a built-in sensor of the road surface;
seventhly, dynamically monitoring rutting, noise, skid resistance, dielectric constant (when the road surface is in a dry environment), crack development and the like of the road surface according to the detection method in the fifth step, and adding a detection means according to needs to comprehensively analyze the decay rule of the road surface performance; the method comprises the steps of periodically drilling and sampling the pavement, symmetrically coring to perform a parallel test, performing mechanical analysis on the pavement through a material testing machine, researching the performance attenuation condition of the asphalt pavement, and theoretically perfecting the fatigue, permanent deformation, cracking prediction model and the like of the asphalt concrete pavement;
and ninthly, the pavement may have early diseases such as cracks, peeling, pits and the like under the action of multiple coupling, if not, the pavement is manually subjected to joint cutting or grooving, then, a plurality of different maintenance methods are adopted for different diseases, a stress sensor is arranged on an interface, and the pavement after maintenance is dynamically monitored by combining the maintenance, loading and detection methods, so that the quality of maintenance measures is evaluated and optimized.
And step ten, evaluating the condition of the pavement after the test is finished, selecting corresponding preventive maintenance measures such as a fog sealing layer, a micro-surfacing, an ultrathin overlay and the like, simulating different environments and load conditions, and carrying out short-term and long-term performance observation through various indexes to obtain an optimal maintenance scheme including materials, structures, construction processes and other information.
In addition, the inclination of the road surface forming die 30 can be adjusted through the fixing bolt, the uphill condition of the actual road surface can be simulated, and the mechanical behavior of the road surface under the conditions of different slopes can be researched by setting different loading speeds and cycle times and by means of a built-in sensor of the road surface. The asphalt surface layer composition structure of a single-layer surface layer or a multi-layer surface layer can be prepared by adjusting the thickness of the pavement forming mold 30, and the design control variables such as the gradation of the mixture and the type of asphalt are combined, so that the track performance research of various pavement structure combinations is achieved, and simultaneously, the influence degree of different control variables on the track diseases of the pavement is simulated in a real environment by combining a loading scheme.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional road surface paving material capability test device which characterized in that, includes liftable reaction frame, tire circulation loading device, road surface forming die, environment regulation and control system and capability test system:
the liftable reaction frame comprises an upright post and a cross beam, and a hydraulic lifting system is arranged in the upright post to drive the cross beam to do lifting motion;
the tire circulating loading device comprises a vertical rod piece, a central gear, a tire assembly and a driving assembly, wherein the upper end of the vertical rod piece is fixedly connected with the cross beam, the central gear is rotatably installed at the lower end of the vertical rod piece, the tire assembly and the central gear are coaxially installed, and the driving assembly drives the central gear to rotate so as to drive the tire assembly to rotate;
the road surface forming mould is used for containing road surface paving materials, and the tire assembly can roll on a formed road surface to apply load;
the environment regulation and control system comprises a water tank, a constant-temperature water bath instrument and a buckle cover, wherein the pavement forming mold is placed in the water tank, the water tank is connected with the constant-temperature water bath instrument through a pipeline, and the pavement paving material in the water tank is subjected to water bath through the heating and refrigerating functions of the constant-temperature water bath instrument to simulate the rainwater weather and the freeze-thaw environment of the actual pavement; the buckle cover is matched with the water tank, and a closed box structure is formed after the buckle cover and the water tank are assembled; an ultraviolet light and a temperature and humidity controller are arranged in the buckle cover and are used for curing the concrete pavement within set time;
the performance testing system comprises a movable support and various testing instruments which are arranged on the movable support and in the pavement paving material.
2. The multifunctional pavement paving material performance test device of claim 1, wherein the side wall of the pavement forming mold is a telescopic structure with adjustable height so as to form concrete pavements with different thicknesses; the road surface forming die is fixed in the water tank through bolts, and the road surface forming die has a certain inclination degree by adjusting the height of the bolts so as to simulate the road surface gradient condition.
3. The multifunctional pavement paving material performance testing device of claim 1, wherein the lower end of the movable bracket is fixedly arranged between the water tank and the pavement forming mold in a detachable manner; the front end of the upper part of the movable support is provided with a laser displacement sensor and a ground penetrating radar transmitting and receiving antenna which are respectively used for measuring the track depth produced by the road under the action of a tire and detecting the dielectric constant change of the road structure in real time; a sound level meter is arranged in the middle of the movable support and used for measuring noise between the tire and the road surface; the pavement paving material is internally provided with strain, stress and acceleration sensors to test the static and dynamic response change rules of the pavement in real time.
4. The multifunctional pavement paving material performance testing device of claim 1, wherein the tire cyclic loading device further comprises a radial thrust bearing, the central gear is mounted at the lower end of the vertical rod piece through the radial thrust bearing, and a force sensor is arranged between the vertical rod piece and the radial thrust bearing and used for testing axial pressure.
5. The multifunctional pavement paving material performance testing device of claim 1, wherein the tire assembly comprises a turntable, telescopic shafts and tires, the turntable is fixedly mounted at the lower part of the central gear and synchronously rotates along with the central gear, the side surfaces of the turntable are circumferentially provided with the plurality of telescopic shafts, and one tire is rotatably mounted at the end part of each telescopic shaft.
6. The multifunctional pavement paving material performance testing device of claim 1, wherein the driving assembly comprises a motor, a gearbox, a transmission rod and a gearbox, the motor is mounted on the cross beam, the motor is connected with the transmission rod through the gearbox, and the bottom end of the transmission rod is connected with the central gear through the gearbox.
7. The multifunctional pavement paving material performance testing device of claim 1, wherein a displacement sensor is installed at the connecting part of the upright post and the cross beam and used for testing the vertical movement displacement.
8. The multifunctional pavement paving material performance test method is characterized by being carried out by adopting the test device of claim 1, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
firstly, adjusting the height of a pavement forming mold according to the thickness of a pavement to be prepared, uniformly mixing various materials of asphalt concrete according to a designed mixing ratio, paving the materials into the pavement forming mold according to a certain paving coefficient, rolling and forming an asphalt mixture by a small road roller according to a certain rolling process, and cooling to room temperature for later use;
secondly, curing the molded test piece through an environment regulating system according to different test purposes, wherein the curing process comprises the steps of irradiating the test piece with different temperatures, humidity and ultraviolet light and soaking the test piece in water or not;
thirdly, lifting the test piece and the water tank to the lower part of the tire cyclic loading device, adjusting a hydraulic lifting system to enable the tire to contact the surface of the test piece, and controlling the force between the tire and the road surface through a force sensor to enable the tire and the road surface to reach the design load;
fourthly, mounting a movable support, mounting a laser displacement sensor, a sound level meter and a ground penetrating radar transmitting and receiving antenna, monitoring the performance change rule of the road surface in real time through a performance testing system, and simultaneously observing the development of the road crack by using a crack observation instrument and detecting the anti-skid performance of the road surface by using a pendulum type friction instrument;
fifthly, starting a cyclic loading device to carry out cyclic loading on the road surface according to the design requirement, and carrying out dynamic detection on the road surface performance according to the fourth step method according to the design requirement;
sixthly, using a constant-temperature water bath instrument as required to enable the road surface to be in a water bath environment with a certain temperature for health preservation, using a buckle cover as required to carry out health preservation on the road surface in a constant-temperature, constant-humidity and ultraviolet environment, and then continuously carrying out cyclic loading; adjusting the inclination of a road surface forming mold through bolts as required, simulating the up-and-down slope condition of an actual road surface, and researching the mechanical behavior of the road surface under different gradient conditions by setting different loading speeds and cycle times and by means of a built-in sensor of the road surface;
seventhly, dynamically monitoring rutting, noise, skid resistance, dielectric constant and crack development of the road surface according to the detection method in the fourth step; the method comprises the steps of periodically drilling and sampling a pavement, symmetrically coring to perform a parallel test, performing mechanical analysis on the pavement through a material testing machine, researching the performance attenuation condition of the asphalt pavement, and theoretically perfecting the fatigue, permanent deformation and cracking prediction model of the asphalt concrete pavement;
eighthly, the pavement has early diseases such as cracks, peeling and pits under the action of multiple coupling, if not, joint cutting or grooving is carried out manually, then, a plurality of different maintenance methods are adopted for different diseases, a stress sensor is arranged on an interface, and the pavement after maintenance is dynamically monitored by combining the maintenance, loading and detection methods, so that the quality of maintenance measures is evaluated and optimized;
and ninthly, evaluating the condition of the road surface after the test is finished, selecting corresponding preventive maintenance measures, such as a fog sealing layer, a micro-surfacing and an ultrathin cover surface, simulating different environments and load conditions, and carrying out short-term and long-term performance observation through various indexes to obtain an optimal maintenance scheme, including materials, structures and construction process information.
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