CN109365253B - PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing - Google Patents
PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109365253B CN109365253B CN201811426445.0A CN201811426445A CN109365253B CN 109365253 B CN109365253 B CN 109365253B CN 201811426445 A CN201811426445 A CN 201811426445A CN 109365253 B CN109365253 B CN 109365253B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- B06B2201/50—Application to a particular transducer type
- B06B2201/55—Piezoelectric transducer
Abstract
The invention discloses a PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing, which is sequentially provided with a back cover plate, two piezoelectric sheets and a front gasket from top to bottom, wherein electrode sheets are arranged between the back cover plate and the piezoelectric sheets, between the two piezoelectric sheets and between the piezoelectric sheets and the front gasket, the center of the front gasket is provided with a base, the back cover plate, the piezoelectric sheets, the electrode sheets and the base are all provided with concentric circular holes, the concentric circular holes are connected to form a connecting channel, bolts are arranged in the connecting channel, a shell is fixed on the back cover plate, and the shell is arranged on the outer side surfaces of the piezoelectric sheets and the electrode sheets in a surrounding mode. The PMNT piezoelectric transducer has the advantages of small volume, light weight, easy installation and the like while outputting stably and having large power capacity, and is suitable for being installed on an aircraft to carry out deicing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic deicing, in particular to a thickness vibration type PMNT piezoelectric transducer.
Background
With the development of aviation technology, an airplane becomes one of important travel and transportation modes, and flight safety is always a focus problem in the aviation field. The investigation finds that the aircraft icing is one of the important reasons for causing the accident and the accident of the aircraft, the aircraft icing produces a great threat to the flight safety, the existing deicing method is not satisfactory in the aspects of energy consumption, weight and the like, and a plurality of places needing to be improved exist, so that the aviation field is urgently required to find a breakthrough and more effective deicing method. The ultrasonic deicing is a novel deicing method, and the basic principle of deicing is as follows: when ultrasonic waves propagate between the aircraft skin and the ice layer, a velocity difference is generated at the interface of the skin and the ice due to the different properties of the propagation medium, and the velocity difference further generates an interfacial shear force. Ice can be removed from the skin when the interfacial shear force generated exceeds the bond strength of the ice to the plate.
The ultrasonic waves may be generated by a piezoelectric transducer. Piezoelectric transducers are devices that utilize the piezoelectric, inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials to interchange electrical energy with mechanical energy (acoustic energy). None of the existing transducers are designed for deicing purposes and are therefore unsatisfactory in terms of performance, volume, weight, etc.
In general, the piezoelectric material-based transducers include flexural vibration mode transducers, sandwich-type thickness vibration mode transducers, torsional vibration mode transducers, and the like.
The most common bending vibration transducer is plate bending, the vibration mode of the bending vibration transducer is close to the simple support boundary vibration of a drum, the basic principle is that two piezoelectric plates with opposite polarization directions are adhered together, and when alternating voltage is applied to the plates, the stretching deformation of the upper plate and the lower plate can be finally converted into bending vibration of the vibrator. In the engineering, a metal sheet and a piezoelectric ceramic sheet are commonly combined to form a vibration plate to be directly used as an acoustic radiation surface. The bending vibration transducer has the advantages of small volume, light weight and the like; however, because the bending vibrator of the transducer needs a certain vibration space, when the vibration sound wave passes through the air and then enters the plate from the air, reflection, re-reflection and other phenomena can occur, and in the process, larger energy loss can occur, so that the energy actually transmitted into the plate is greatly reduced, and therefore, the effect is not obvious when the plate is stuck to the plate for deicing, as shown in fig. 1 (b).
The sandwich thickness vibration type piezoelectric transducer is more used, the design theory of the transducer tends to be mature, and the principle is the simplest: vibration sound can be realized after alternating voltage is applied to the upper surface and the lower surface of a piezoelectric sheet polarized along the thickness direction through electrodes. In practical engineering, in order to improve the sound radiation efficiency, the ultrasonic directivity, the bandwidth increase and other purposes, components such as a front radiation head, a transition layer, a back plate wave absorbing material and the like are added to the piezoelectric sheet. For aircraft deicing, the thickness vibration type transducer can be conveniently installed and removed, and energy emitted by the piezoelectric vibrator directly enters the plate through solid and solid propagation modes, so that excessive ultrasonic energy loss cannot be generated, as shown in fig. 1 (a). The sandwich thickness vibration type transducer is stable in output and large in power capacity, but in the design process, in order to increase the front-rear vibration ratio, a rear mass block with larger density is adopted, and the front mass block is large in volume, so that the total weight of the transducer is large, and the transducer is not suitable for being assembled on an airplane to carry out deicing.
Therefore, how to provide a sandwich-type thickness vibration type piezoelectric transducer for deicing an aircraft is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing, which has the advantages of stable output, large power capacity, small volume, light weight, easy installation and the like, and is suitable for being installed on an aircraft to perform deicing.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing has set gradually back shroud, two piezoelectric patches and preceding gasket from top to bottom, the back shroud with between the piezoelectric patches, two between the piezoelectric patches all be provided with the electrode slice between piezoelectric patches and the preceding gasket, preceding gasket center is provided with the base, the back shroud the piezoelectric patches the electrode slice with the base all is equipped with concentric round hole, and each concentric round hole links to each other and constitutes the linking passageway, install the bolt in the linking passageway, be fixed with the shell on the back shroud, just the shell encloses to establish the piezoelectric patches with the lateral surface of electrode slice.
Further, two piezoelectric sheet thicknesses m 1 Equal to 2.9 mm-3.1 mm, and adopting PMNT piezoelectric material, wherein the outer radius R of the piezoelectric sheet is equal to that of the piezoelectric sheet 1 13-16 mm, and inner radius r 1 Is 3.6 mm-3.8 mm.
Further, the outer radius and the inner radius of the front gasket are equal to the piezoelectric sheet.
Further, the thickness m of the electrode plate 2 And the thickness of the piezoelectric plate is 0.2mm, brass is selected, wherein the brass between the two piezoelectric plates is a positive electrode, and the brass between the rear cover plate and the piezoelectric plates and between the piezoelectric plates and the front gasket is a negative electrode.
Further, the bolt comprises a screw and a screw rod, external threads are distributed on the outer wall of the screw rod and the outer wall of the screw rod, internal threads are arranged on the inner wall of the concentric circular hole corresponding to the rear cover plate and the base, the external threads are matched with the internal threads, and the screw rod is provided with a plurality of holesIs fixed on the rear cover plate, the screw rod is fixed on the base, and the radius r of the screw rod 2 For the outer radius R of the piezoelectric sheet 1 The pitch of the external thread is 0.3mm-0.5mm.
Further, the thickness m of the housing 3 And the thickness is 0.4 mm-0.6 mm, and epoxy plastic is selected.
Further, the electrode plate is bonded with the rear cover plate, the piezoelectric plate and the front gasket through epoxy resin glue.
Further, the rear cover plate is made of steel, and the thickness of the middle part is 1.8-2.2 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1. the design of the transducer focuses on the need of deicing an airplane, and the design advantages of stable output, large power capacity and the like of the sandwich-type thickness vibration type transducer are inherited, meanwhile, the rear mass block and the front radiation head are redesigned, the base and the skin serve as the front mass block, the rear cover plate serves as the rear mass block, and the heaviest two parts of the sandwich-type thickness vibration type transducer are removed, so that the mass of the transducer is greatly reduced.
2. When the ultrasonic power supply is turned on, sound waves generated by vibration of the piezoelectric sheet directly enter the interior of the skin through the front gasket, and loss of ultrasonic energy is greatly reduced.
3. The designed piezoelectric transducer adopts PMNT material, has excellent performance, adopts thinner piezoelectric sheets, has high working frequency, thus the power of the transducer is increased, the power of the transducer is 125.5W, and the transducer has higher power than that of a PZT-4 transducer (60W in general) which is commonly used, and can remove larger area of ice in the same time.
4. The transducer is easy to process, easy to assemble and install, and has a huge application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing ultrasonic propagation of a piezoelectric transducer, wherein fig. 1 (a) shows ultrasonic propagation of a thickness vibration type piezoelectric transducer, fig. 1 (b) shows ultrasonic propagation of a bending vibration type transducer, and an arrow direction in the diagram shows an ultrasonic propagation direction.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of a PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a deicing model of a PMNT piezoelectric transducer provided by the invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change of the stress amplitude of a point under the excitation action of the PMNT piezoelectric transducer according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the XY shear stress distribution of ice slab interface of a PMNT piezoelectric transducer according to the present invention at optimum frequency excitation.
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the structure of a PMNT piezoelectric transducer according to the present invention compared with a conventional sandwich piezoelectric transducer.
Wherein each component represents:
1. rear cover plate 2, piezoelectric plate 3, front gasket 4, electrode plate 5, base 6, shell 7, bolt 71, screw 72, screw rod.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing, referring to fig. 2 and 3, a rear cover plate 1, two piezoelectric plates 2 and a front gasket 3 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, electrode plates 4 are arranged between the rear cover plate 1 and the piezoelectric plates 2, between the two piezoelectric plates 2 and between the piezoelectric plates 2 and the front gasket 3, a base 5 is arranged in the center of the front gasket 3, concentric circular holes are arranged in the rear cover plate 1, the piezoelectric plates 2, the electrode plates 4 and the base 5, all the concentric circular holes are connected to form a connecting channel, bolts 7 are arranged in the connecting channel, the bolts 7 comprise screws 71 and 72, external threads are distributed on the outer walls of the screws 71 and the screws 72, internal threads are arranged on the inner walls of the concentric circular holes corresponding to the rear cover plate 1 and the base 5, the external threads are matched with the internal threads, wherein the screws 71 are fixed on the rear cover plate 1, the screws 72 are fixed on the base 5, the rear cover plate 1 is fixedly provided with a shell 6 through gluing, and the shell 6 is arranged on the outer side surfaces of the piezoelectric plates 2 and the electrode plates 4.
The piezoelectric plate 2 often determines the power of the transducer, and in order to obtain better deicing effect, the piezoelectric plate 2 is made of PMNT piezoelectric material, the piezoelectric coefficient of the material can reach 1500-2000pC/N, which is 6.5 times that of the traditional PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic material, the electromechanical coupling coefficient is above 0.9, and the strain capacity reaches 1.7%. The piezoelectric coefficient, the electromechanical conversion efficiency and the strain amount are large and advantageous; for the transducer with larger radial dimension, the diameter of the piezoelectric ceramic element is set to be smaller than 1/4 of the wavelength of sound waves, so that the longitudinal resonance frequency of the transducer can be prevented from being coupled with radial vibration of other components, the efficiency of the transducer is ensured, and therefore, the outer radius R of the piezoelectric plate 2 is set 1 Setting the thickness to be 13 mm-16 mm. Inner radius r 1 In order to avoid the occurrence of conduction, friction and the like in contact with the bolt 7, the value of the thickness is slightly larger than the radius of the screw 71 and is 3.6-3.8 mm, and the thickness m of the piezoelectric sheet 1 The value is 2.9 mm-3.1 mm.
The electrode sheet 4 adopts a thickness m in the present structure 2 Brass of 0.2mm, which was finely ground to give an electrode. Wherein brass located between the two piezoelectric plates 2 is used as a positive electrode, and yellow is located between one piezoelectric plate 2 and the rear cover plate 1 and between the other piezoelectric plate 2 and the front gasket 3Copper was used as the negative electrode. The positive electrode is insulated from places which can be met in the use process, so that the use of electricity is safer. Meanwhile, in order to improve the efficiency of ultrasonic wave transmission in the transducer as much as possible, besides the connection mode of applying pretightening force by adopting the screw 71, the electrode sheet 4 is bonded with the piezoelectric sheet 2, the electrode sheet 4 is bonded with the rear cover plate 1, the electrode sheet 4 is bonded with the front gasket 3 by using epoxy resin glue, the good bonding effect meets the use requirement of mechanical property, and the ultrasonic wave transmission performance is also excellent.
The main function of the back plate 1 is to exert a reaction force on the piezoelectric patch 2 under the connection of the bolts 7 and the base 5. The steel with high rigidity and easy manufacture is selected as the material of the rear cover plate, the thickness of the middle part of the rear cover plate 1 is 1.8 mm-2.2 mm, namely, the thickness of the thickest part of the rear cover plate 1, the rigidity of the rear cover plate is enhanced through 4 ribs, the surface contacted with a wafer in the vibration process is ensured to be kept flat, the piezoelectric sheet 2 is prevented from being broken, the rear cover plate 1 adopts the steel with high density, on one hand, the front and rear vibration speed ratio of the transducer can be increased, and meanwhile, the ultrasonic energy radiation of the rear cover plate 1 can be reduced.
The cross-sectional dimension of the pre-stressing screw 71 is selected to be 1/4 to 1/3 of the outer radius of the piezoelectric plate 2 and slightly smaller than the inner radius of the piezoelectric plate 2, so that the mechanical strength of the bolt 7 during the vibration of the piezoelectric plate 2 is ensured. And, where possible, the finer the pitch, the better the pitch, meaning that the bolt 7 will be more uniformly prestressed and the better the mechanical properties will be. Meanwhile, the loading of the pretightening force can be well controlled by the fine-pitch screw 72, the pretightening force between the piezoelectric sheet 2 and the metal cover plate can be ensured to be uniform, and the stress effect can bring a high mechanical quality factor to the whole transducer, and meanwhile, the mechanical loss can be reduced. And the external thread pitches of the screw rod and the screw are set to be 0.3mm-0.5mm in combination with the thread standard.
The main function of the front pad 3 is to protect the piezoelectric plate 2. When the transducer piezoelectric sheet 2 is in direct contact with an aluminum plate (aircraft skin), it is liable to fracture due to the surface of the aluminum plate being not smooth. Meanwhile, sound waves generated by vibration of the piezoelectric sheet 2 directly enter the skin through the front gasket 3, so that loss of ultrasonic energy is greatly reduced. The front gasket 3 is made of aluminum alloy with smaller density and higher sound velocity. Both the outer radius and the inner radius are the same as those of the piezoelectric sheet 2.
The housing 6 of the transducer is mainly protective. First, the positive electrode is isolated, so that the safety of a user in the use process is protected. Second, the piezoelectric sheet can be protected from scratches or dust or the like. Thickness m of the outer shell in the invention 3 The epoxy plastic with the thickness of 0.4 mm-0.6 mm is light, cheap and easy to manufacture.
The base 5 is fixed with the front gasket 3 in an adhesive manner, and the base 5 is used for fixing the screw 72.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the transducer is applied with voltage by the electrode sheet 2, vibration is generated by using the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric sheet, and then ultrasonic waves are generated.
Example 1: the transducer comprises a back cover plate 1, piezoelectric plates 2, a front gasket 3, electrode plates 4, a circular base 5, a shell 6, bolts 7 and other components, wherein the electrode plates 4 are covered between the piezoelectric plates 2 with the same thickness, the two piezoelectric plates 2 are respectively connected with the front gasket 3 and the back cover plate 1, the circular base 5 is arranged in the middle of the front gasket 3, the shell 6 is fixedly adhered on the circular base 5, the two piezoelectric plates 2 and the periphery of the electrode plates 4 are surrounded by the shell 6, concentric round holes are respectively arranged on the back cover plate 1, the piezoelectric plates 2, the electrode plates 4 and the circular base 5, each concentric round hole is connected to form a connecting channel, and prestress adjusting bolts are arranged in the connecting channel.
FIG. 4 shows the total thickness m of the transducer at 10.4 mm, the outer radius R of the transducer 2 Is 16 mm. The thickest thickness of the rear cover plate 1 is 2mm, and the rigidity of the rear cover plate is enhanced through four ribs; thickness m of two piezoelectric plates 2 1 Equal to 3mm, and the outer radius R of the piezoelectric sheet 2 is made of PMNT piezoelectric material 1 15 mm, inner radius r 1 3.8 mm; the outer radius and the inner radius of the front gasket 3 are equal to those of the piezoelectric sheet 2 and are respectively 15 mm and 3.8 mm; the electrode sheet 4 has a thickness m 2 Brass with the thickness of 0.2mm is adopted, brass between the two piezoelectric sheets 2 is used as a positive electrode, and brass between the rear cover plate 1 and the piezoelectric sheets 2 and brass between the piezoelectric sheets 2 and the front gasket 3 are used as negative electrodes; radius r of base 5 3 Is 6 mm; the shell 6 is selected to have a thickness m 3 Epoxy plastic with thickness of 0.5 mm; the bolt 7 comprises a screw 71 and a shank 72, wherein the radius r of the screw 71 2 Is set as the outer radius R of the piezoelectric sheet 2 1 1/4 of (C).
Finite element simulations were used to verify that the designed transducer was able to remove ice from the back of the plate. The ice slab model of the transducer of the present invention is essentially simplified, and the simplified transducer and ice slab model are shown in fig. 5.
(1) Material properties
The material properties of the PMNT piezoelectric ceramic are as follows: density of material: 8093kg/m 3 PMNT dielectric constant matrix
PMNT stiffness matrix
PMNT piezoelectric matrix
The dimensions of the aluminum plate and the ice layer used to simulate the skin of an aircraft were 300mm by 210mm by 2mm, and the material parameters are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 aluminum plate on ice coating Material Properties
(2) Boundary conditions
The mounting distance of the transducer on the board can be calculated by the formulaIt was determined that d=150 mm was taken here, and the bottom end of the base and the metal plate were bonded. The interface between the two piezoelectric sheets is applied with 100V voltage and simultaneously two ends are applied with 0V voltage. This means that an alternating voltage is generated across the piezoelectric patch when performing the spectral analysis. The metal plate adopts four-side fixing supportThe metal plate refers to a plate simulating the skin of an aircraft in a riveted form.
(3) Computational analysis
Resonance analysis is performed on the whole deicing structure. To find the optimal deicing frequency, several points are randomly selected at the slab ice interface, and the relation between XY shear stress and frequency is output, as shown in FIG. 6. It is clear from the figure that the optimal frequency for deicing is 92.0kHz when the transducer is excited.
The shear stress distribution at the ice slab interface at the optimum frequency of 92.0kHz excitation is shown in fig. 7. From this experimental data, it is clear that the shear strength between ice accretion and aluminum plates of different roughness is in most cases between 0.15MPa and 0.4 MPa. In order to make the study object more general, it is considered that the shear strength of the aluminum skin plate and the ice deposit is about 0.3 MPa. From the graph, the absolute value of the most of the shearing stress area between the ice-slab interfaces is larger than 2MPa, and the results of 2.93MPa, 4.12MPa, 10.12MPa and 8.76MPa of maximum stress at several points selected randomly in the graph are combined, so that the transducer can be used for removing ice from a given slab.
(4) Transducer power calculation
The current of the piezoelectric material of the transducer can be calculated by the following formula
I＝2πf*C*V
Wherein, C is the capacitance of the piezoelectric material, f is the frequency selected during deicing, the calculation simulation shows that the optimal frequency is 92.0kHz, V is the voltage peak value applied by the circuit, the value is 141V, and the capacitance of the piezoelectric sheet can be directly measured by experiments or can be determined by the following formula:
C＝ε T ε 0 S/d
wherein ε is T The dielectric constant of the piezoelectric sheet is 5569, epsilon 0 The vacuum dielectric constant is 8.85 multiplied by 10 < -12 > F/m, d is the thickness of the piezoelectric sheet, and the value is 3mm. S is the facing area of the piezoelectric sheet and takes the value of 661mm 2 The capacitance of the piezoelectric plate in the invention is calculated to be 10.9nF, and the current I is calculated to be 0.89A.
The power of the designed transducer was found to be 125.5W, which is higher than that of a typical PZT-4 transducer (60W), which is related to the operating frequency, on the one hand, the dielectric properties of the piezoelectric materials used, the piezoelectric plate size, and the like. The transducer designed by the invention adopts PMNT piezoelectric material, adopts thinner piezoelectric sheets, and has higher working frequency, so that the power can be increased. Whereas a powerful transducer means a higher power density, for aircraft deicing, means that the deicing task can be completed in a shorter time, or a larger area of ice can be removed in the same time.
(5) Performance comparative analysis
The designed PMNT piezoelectric transducer was compared with a PZT sandwich type transducer. As shown in fig. 8. The PZT sandwich transducer on the right side is commonly used for ultrasonic cleaning at present, is simple to manufacture and low in cost, and has excellent deicing performance. However, the transducer is relatively heavy and relatively bulky, and adds significant mass to the aircraft if applied to actual aircraft deicing. This can make its use in the field of aviation very limited. On the left is the PMNT piezoelectric transducer of the present invention. As can be seen from the results of the performance analysis, the transducer of the invention can generate enough shear stress between ice slab interfaces, thereby achieving the purpose of deicing well. It can be seen from the structural diagram that the transducer of the present invention is much smaller in volume than PZT, and the maximum height and maximum radius are both significantly reduced, with a consequent reduction in weight, which is important for lightweight design for aviation. And the transducer is designed in consideration of the requirements of easy processing, easy assembly, easy installation and the like, so the transducer has great application prospect. The weight and dimensional parameters of the two transducers are listed in table 2.
Table 2 comparison of structural parameters of PMNT piezoelectric transducers and PZT sandwich transducers
As can be seen from the above facing table, the weight of the designed PMNT piezoelectric transducer is only 13% of that of the PZT sandwich transducer, and the maximum height is less than 20% of that of the PZT sandwich transducer on the premise that the deicing purpose can be achieved. The weight and volume are greatly reduced, but the power required for deicing can be ensured. For the whole aircraft, the deicing of the whole aircraft requires the use of a large number of transducers, and therefore the use of high power density transducers is necessary. The weight reduction effect of each transducer by more than 80% is of great significance to the application of the push ultrasonic deicing technology.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. PMNT piezoelectric transducer for supersound deicing, its characterized in that has set gradually back shroud (1), two piezoelectric patches (2) and preceding gasket (3) from the top to the bottom, back shroud (1) with between piezoelectric patches (2), two all be provided with electrode piece (4) between piezoelectric patches (2) and preceding gasket (3), preceding gasket (3) center is provided with base (5), back shroud (1) piezoelectric patches (2) electrode piece (4) with base (5) all are equipped with concentric round hole, and each concentric round hole links to each other and constitutes the linking passageway, install bolt (7) in the linking passageway, be fixed with shell (6) on back shroud (1), just shell (6) are enclosed to be established piezoelectric patches (2) with the lateral surface of electrode piece (4).
2. PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, characterized in that two piezoelectric patches (2) have a thickness m 1 Equal to 2.9 mm-3.1 mm, and adopting PMNT piezoelectric material, wherein the outer radius R of the piezoelectric sheet (2) 1 13-16 mm, and inner radius r 1 Is 3.6 mm-3.8 mm.
3. PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 2, characterized in that said front pad (3) has an outer radius and an inner radius equal to said piezoelectric patch (2).
4. PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, characterized in that said electrode sheet (4) has a thickness m 2 And the thickness of the brass is 0.2mm, brass between the two piezoelectric sheets (2) is a positive electrode, and brass between the rear cover plate (1) and the piezoelectric sheets (2) and brass between the piezoelectric sheets (2) and the front gasket (3) are negative electrodes.
5. PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, characterized in that said bolt (7) comprises a screw (71) and a threaded rod (72), the outer walls of said screw (71) and said threaded rod (72) are distributed with external threads, the inner walls of corresponding concentric circular holes of said back cover plate (1) and said base (5) are provided with internal threads, said external threads match said internal threads, and said screw (71) is fixed on said back cover plate (1), said threaded rod (72) is fixed on said base (5), the radius r of said screw (71) 2 For the outer radius R of the piezoelectric sheet (2) 1 The pitch of the external thread is 0.3mm-0.5mm.
6. PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, characterized in that said casing (6) has a thickness m 3 And the thickness is 0.4 mm-0.6 mm, and epoxy plastic is selected.
7. PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, characterized in that said electrode sheet (4) is bonded to said back cover plate (1), to said piezoelectric sheet (2) and to said front pad (3) by means of an epoxy glue.
8. PMNT piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, characterized in that said back cover plate (1) is made of steel material, and the thickness of the middle part is 1.8 mm-2.2 mm.
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| CN110282070B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-11-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Integrated piezoelectric vibration resistance reducer capable of being embedded into wall surface |
| CN110732477B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-07-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Spiral sound wave transmitting transducer with vibration transmission rod |
| DE102021203544A1 (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-10-13 | Richard Wolf Gmbh | Electroacoustic converter |
| CN115264078A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-11-01 | 燕山大学 | External self-icebreaking electromagnetic valve with exciting body |
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| GB2106966A (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1983-04-20 | Pennwalt Corp | Method and apparatus for ice prevention and deicing |
| CN102431650A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-05-02 | 东南大学 | Airplane airfoil ultrasonic-assistant hot air combined ice preventing and removing device |
| WO2017066612A1 (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2017-04-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Integrated piezoelectric micromechanical ultrasonic transducer pixel and array |
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| CN209476645U (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-10-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of light-duty sandwich transducer based on PMNT piezoelectric material |
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| EP2386750A1 (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2011-11-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | De-icing and/or anti-icing of a wind turbine component by vibrating a piezoelectric material |
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| CN102431650A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-05-02 | 东南大学 | Airplane airfoil ultrasonic-assistant hot air combined ice preventing and removing device |
| WO2017066612A1 (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2017-04-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Integrated piezoelectric micromechanical ultrasonic transducer pixel and array |
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