CN109365253A - A kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing - Google Patents
A kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109365253A CN109365253A CN201811426445.0A CN201811426445A CN109365253A CN 109365253 A CN109365253 A CN 109365253A CN 201811426445 A CN201811426445 A CN 201811426445A CN 109365253 A CN109365253 A CN 109365253A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- B06B2201/50—Application to a particular transducer type
- B06B2201/55—Piezoelectric transducer
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s for ultrasonic deicing, it is disposed with back shroud, two piezoelectric patches and front pad from the top to the bottom, electrode slice is provided between back shroud and piezoelectric patches, between two piezoelectric patches, between piezoelectric patches and front pad, front pad is provided centrally with pedestal, back shroud, piezoelectric patches, electrode slice and pedestal are equipped with concentric circle holes, and connected constitute of each concentric circle holes is connected channel, linking is equipped with bolt in channel, shell is fixed on back shroud, and shell is disposed around the lateral surface of piezoelectric patches and electrode slice.PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of the present invention output stablize, power capacity it is big while, there are also small in size, light weight, be easily installed the advantages that, be adapted for mount on aircraft and carry out deicing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrasonic clearing ice technology field, more particularly to a kind of thickness vibration type PMNT piezoelectric energy-conversion
Device.
Background technique
With the development of aeronautical technology, aircraft becomes one of important trip, means of transportation, and flight safety is aviation always
One focal issue in field.Investigation discovery, it is the one of the major reasons for causing aviation accident and accident, aircraft product that aircraft, which freezes,
Ice produces grave danger to flight safety, and existing de-icing method energy consumption, in terms of performance it is not fully up to expectations, also
Improved place is needed there is many, aviation field is a kind of with breakthrough, significantly more efficient deicing there is an urgent need to find
Method.And ultrasonic wave deicing is a kind of novel de-icing method, the basic principle of deicing is: when ultrasonic wave aircraft skin with
When being propagated between ice sheet, since the attribute of propagation medium is different, understand in the interface of covering and ice generation speed difference, and the speed difference meeting
Further generate interfacial shear force.It just can be by ice from illiteracy when generated interfacial shear force is more than the adhesive strength of ice and plate
It is removed down on skin.
Ultrasonic wave can be generated by PZT (piezoelectric transducer).PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is the piezoelectricity for utilizing piezoelectric material, inverse piezoelectric effect
The device that electric energy and mechanical energy (sound energy) are interchangeable.Existing energy converter is not to be designed for the purpose of deicing, because
And performance, volume, in terms of it is unsatisfactory.
Under normal conditions, the energy converter based on piezoelectric material includes beam mode energy converter, sandwich thickness vibration
Type energy converter, torsional vibration mode energy converter etc..
Flexural vibration transducer it is most commonly seen be plate benging, the simple boundary vibration of vibration mode and drum more connects
Closely, the basic principle is that two opposite piezoelectric boards of polarization direction are sticked together, when applying alternating voltage to the plate, up and down
The dilatation of plate can be eventually converted into the bending vibration of the oscillator.It would generally be by sheet metal and piezoelectric ceramic piece together in engineering
Oscillating plate is constituted, directly as acoustically radiating face.Flexural vibration transducer has many advantages, such as small in size, light-weight；But such energy converter
Since its bending vibrator needs certain oscillation space, can go out during vibration acoustic enters plate by air again by air
Phenomena such as now reflecting, reflect again, has biggish energy loss in the process, so that really the energy in incoming plate subtracts significantly
It is small, therefore effect is unobvious when being sticked to plate face deicing, such as Fig. 1 (b).
Sandwich thickness vibration type PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is using more one kind, and design theory has tended to be mature, principle
It is the simplest: to can be realized after the polarized piezoelectric patches upper and lower surface of one piece of through-thickness applies alternating voltage by electrode
Vibration sounding.It, can be to pressure in order to improve acoustic radiation efficiency, ultrasonic wave directive property, increase the purpose of frequency bandwidth in Practical Project
Electric piece increases the components such as previous irradiation head, transition zone, backboard absorbing material.For aircraft deicing, using thickness vibration type
Energy converter very easily can be installed and be removed, and the energy that piezoelectric vibrator issues is in such a way that solid and solid are propagated
It is directly entered the inside of plate, excessive ultrasonic energy loss will not be generated, such as Fig. 1 (a).The sandwich thickness vibration generally used
Although the output of type energy converter is stablized, power capacity is big, it increases front and back vibration velocity ratio in design, and it is larger to use density
Rear mass block, and preceding mass block volume is larger, therefore energy converter total weight is larger, is not suitable for being assembled on aircraft and be removed
Ice.
Therefore, how to provide a kind of sandwich thickness vibration type PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for aircraft deicing is art technology
The problem of personnel's urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, exporting stable, power the present invention provides a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing
While capacity is big, there are also small in size, light weight, be easily installed the advantages that, be adapted for mount on aircraft and carry out deicing.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing is disposed with back shroud, two pressures from the top to the bottom
Electric piece and front pad, between the back shroud and the piezoelectric patches, between two piezoelectric patches, the piezoelectric patches and front pad
Between be provided with electrode slice, the front pad is provided centrally with pedestal, the back shroud, the piezoelectric patches, the electrode slice
Concentric circle holes are equipped with the pedestal, and connected constitute of each concentric circle holes is connected channel, pacifies in the linking channel
Equipped with bolt, shell is fixed on the back shroud, and the shell is disposed around the outside of the piezoelectric patches and the electrode slice
Face.
Further, two piezoelectric patches thickness m1It is equal, it is 2.9 ㎜ -3.1 ㎜, and use PMNT piezoelectric material, the pressure
The outer radius R of electric piece1For 13 ㎜ -16 ㎜, inside radius r1For 3.6 ㎜ -3.8 ㎜.
Further, the outer radius of the front pad and inside radius are equal with the piezoelectric patches.
Further, the thickness m of the electrode slice2For 0.2 ㎜, and select brass, wherein between two piezoelectric patches
Brass is positive electrode, and the brass between the back shroud and the piezoelectric patches, between the piezoelectric patches and front pad is negative electricity
Pole.
Further, the bolt includes screw and screw rod, and the outer wall of the screw and the screw rod is distributed with external screw thread,
The back shroud and the corresponding concentric circle holes inner wall of the pedestal are provided with internal screw thread, the external screw thread and the internal screw thread
Match, and the screw is fixed on the back shroud, the screw rod is fixed on the base, the radius r of the screw2For institute
State the outer radius R of piezoelectric patches11/4-1/3, the externally threaded screw pitch be 0.3 ㎜ -0.5 ㎜.
Further, the thickness m of the shell3For 0.4 ㎜ -0.6 ㎜, and select epoxy plastics.
Further, pass through asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin between the electrode slice and the back shroud, the piezoelectric patches and the front pad
Rouge glue is bonded.
Further, the back shroud use steel material, intermediate position with a thickness of 1.8 ㎜ -2.2 ㎜.
It can be seen via above technical scheme that compared with prior art, the present disclosure provides one kind to remove for ultrasound
The PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of ice, has the advantage that
1, the design of the energy converter is conceived to the needs of aircraft deicing, is inheriting the output of sandwich thickness vibration type energy converter
Stablize, the design advantages such as power capacity is big while rear mass block and previous irradiation head are redesigned, with pedestal and covering
Preceding mass block is served as, back shroud serves as rear mass block, the most heavy two parts of sandwich thickness vibration type energy converter is removed, therefore
The quality of energy converter greatly reduces.
2, it when opening ultrasonic-frequency power supply, is directly entered inside covering by the sound wave that piezoelectric patches vibration generates by front pad,
The loss of ultrasonic energy greatly reduces.
3, designed PZT (piezoelectric transducer) uses PMNT material, has excellent performance, has selected thinner piezoelectric patches, and work
Working frequency is high, therefore power becomes larger, and the power of energy converter is 125.5W, than general PZT-4 energy converter (generally 60W) used
Power it is high, greater area of ice can be removed in the same time.
4, the energy converter is easy to process, is easily assembled, and is easily installed, and has huge applications prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 attached drawing is PZT (piezoelectric transducer) transonic situation, and wherein Fig. 1 (a) is thickness vibration type PZT (piezoelectric transducer) ultrasound
Propagation condition, Fig. 1 (b) are flexural vibration transducer transonic situation, and arrow direction is ultrasonic direction of wave travel in figure.
Fig. 2 attached drawing is provided by the present invention for ultrasonic deicing PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 attached drawing is provided by the present invention for ultrasonic deicing PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) perspective view.
Fig. 4 attached drawing is provided by the present invention for ultrasonic deicing PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) scale diagrams.
Fig. 5 attached drawing is that PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) provided by the invention removes ice model.
Fig. 6 attached drawing is that the stress amplitude put under PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) incentive action provided by the invention changes with frequency
Figure.
Fig. 7 attached drawing is PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) provided by the invention in optimum frequency excitation lower plate ice interface XY shear stress point
Butut.
Fig. 8 attached drawing is PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) provided by the invention and traditional sandwich piezoelectric transducer Structure Comparison figure.
Wherein, each component indicates:
1, back shroud, 2, piezoelectric patches, 3, front pad, 4, electrode slice, 5, pedestal, 6, shell, 7, bolt, 71, screw, 72,
Screw rod.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing, referring to attached drawing 2 and Fig. 3, from
Top-to-bottom is disposed with 1, two piezoelectric patches 2 of back shroud and front pad 3, between back shroud 1 and piezoelectric patches 2, two pressure
Between electric piece 2, it is provided with electrode slice 4 between piezoelectric patches 2 and front pad 3, front pad 3 is provided centrally with pedestal 5, back shroud 1,
Piezoelectric patches 2, electrode slice 4 and pedestal 5 are equipped with concentric circle holes, and connected constitute of each concentric circle holes is connected channel, is connected channel
Bolt 7 is inside installed, bolt 7 includes screw 71 and screw rod 72, and the outer wall of screw 71 and screw rod 72 is distributed with external screw thread, rear cover
Plate 1 and the corresponding concentric circle holes inner wall of pedestal 5 are provided with internal screw thread, and external screw thread is matched with internal screw thread, wherein screw 71 is fixed
In back shroud 1, screw rod 72 is fixed on pedestal 5, and back shroud 1 is fixed with shell 6 by gluing, and shell 6 is disposed around piezoelectric patches 2
With the lateral surface of electrode slice 4.
Piezoelectric patches 2 often determines the power of energy converter, to obtain better deicing effect, the material selection of piezoelectric patches 2
The piezoelectric modulus of PMNT piezoelectric material, the material can reach 1500-2000pC/N, be traditional PZT-4 piezoceramic material
6.5 times, electromechanical coupling factor 0.9 or more, dependent variable reaches 1.7%.Piezoelectric modulus, electromechanical conversion efficiency and dependent variable have greatly
Advantage；The diameter of piezo ceramic element is set smaller than the 1/4 of wave length of sound by energy converter biggish for radial dimension, can
It is coupled to avoid the longitudinal resonance frequencies of energy converter with other component radial vibrations, guarantees the efficiency of energy converter, so, it will press
The outer radius R of electric piece 21It is set as 13 ㎜ -16 ㎜.Inside radius r1Conductive or friction etc. is generated in order to avoid contacting with bolt 7,
Its value is slightly larger than the radius of screw 71, and value is 3.6 ㎜ -3.8 ㎜, the thickness m of piezoelectric patches1Value is 2.9 ㎜ -3.1 ㎜.
Electrode slice 4 uses thickness m in this configuration2For the brass of 0.2mm, electrode is used as after finely polishing.Wherein,
Brass between two piezoelectric patches 2 is located in one of between piezoelectric patches 2 and back shroud 1 as positive electrode, another is pressed
Brass between electric piece 2 and front pad 3 is as negative electrode.Positive electrode electrically isolates from the place that can be encountered in use process, uses
Electricity is safer.It is pre- in addition to being applied using screw 71 meanwhile in order to improve efficiency of the ultrasonic wave in energy converter internal transmission as far as possible
The connection type of clamp force uses epoxy between electrode slice 4 and piezoelectric patches 2, electrode slice 4 and back shroud 1, electrode slice 4 and front pad 3
Resin glue is bonded, and good adhesive effect meets the requirement of mechanical performance simultaneously, it may have excellent ultrasonic wave passes
Broadcast performance.
The major function of back shroud 1 is to apply reaction force to piezoelectric patches 2 under the connection of bolt 7 and pedestal 5.Selection is rigid
It spends larger manufacture and is relatively easy to steel as rear cover plate material, the intermediate position of back shroud 1 is with a thickness of 1.8 ㎜ -2.2 ㎜, i.e. rear cover
The thickness of 1 thickest part of plate, and enhance its rigidity by 4 ribs, guarantee to keep flat with the face of contact wafers in vibration processes
It is whole, prevent piezoelectric patches 2 from rupturing, back shroud 1 selects the biggish steel of density to be on the one hand capable of increasing vibration velocity ratio before and after energy converter, simultaneously
Also it can reduce the ultrasonic energy radiation of back shroud 1.
The cross sectional dimensions of prestressing force screw 71 is chosen for 1/4 to the 1/3 of 2 outer radius of piezoelectric patches, and is slightly smaller than piezoelectricity
2 inside radius of piece guarantees mechanical strength of the bolt 7 in 2 vibration processes of piezoelectric patches.And in the case where can be realized, screw pitch
More thinner, better, screw pitch is thinner, it is meant that bolt 7 will be more uniform by prestressing force, and mechanical performance also will be more preferable.Meanwhile thin spiral shell
Away from screw rod 72 can more control the load of pretightning force well, and can guarantee pretightning force between piezoelectric patches 2 and metal cover board
More evenly, such stress effect can bring higher mechanical quality factor to entire energy converter, while can also reduce machinery
Loss.In conjunction with thread standard, the external screw thread screw pitch of screw rod and screw is disposed as 0.3mm-0.5mm.
The main function of front pad 3 is protection piezoelectric patches 2.When energy converter piezoelectric patches 2 directly connects with aluminium sheet (aircraft skin)
When touching, be easy because surface of aluminum plate is rough and fragmentation.Meanwhile the sound wave that the vibration of piezoelectric patches 2 of the present invention generates passes through front pad 3
It is directly entered inside covering, the loss of ultrasonic energy greatly reduces.Smaller, the higher aluminium alloy of the velocity of sound using density of front pad 3.
Outer radius and inside radius are as piezoelectric patches 2.
The shell 6 of energy converter is mainly protective action.First, completely cut off positive electrode, protection user is in use
Safety.Second, it can protect piezoelectric patches and be scratched or accumulate dust etc..Outer casing thickness m in the present invention3For 0.4 ㎜ -0.6 ㎜
Epoxy plastics, it is lightweight, cheap, easily fabricated.
Pedestal 5 is fixed with 3 gluing of front pad, and pedestal 5 is used for standing screw 72.
Working principle of the present invention is as follows: voltage is applied to energy converter by electrode slice 2, is imitated using the inverse piezoelectricity of piezoelectric patches
Vibration should be generated, and then generates ultrasonic wave.
Embodiment 1: energy converter include back shroud 1, piezoelectric patches 2, front pad 3, electrode slice 4, cup dolly 5, shell 6,
The components such as bolt 7, are covered with electrode slice 4 between the piezoelectric patches 2 of two panels same thickness, two piezoelectric patches 2 respectively with front pad 3, after
Cover board 1 is connected, and has cup dolly 5 among front pad 3, and the gluing of cup dolly 5 is glutinous to be fixed with shell 6, and two piezoelectric patches 2 and electricity
4 surrounding of pole piece is surrounded by shell 6, and back shroud 1, piezoelectric patches 2, electrode slice 4, cup dolly 5 are all provided with concentric circle holes, each concentric
Circular hole, which is connected, constitutes linking channel, is connected in channel and adjusts bolt equipped with prestressing force.
Shown in attached drawing 4, wherein energy converter overall thickness m is 10.4 ㎜, energy converter outer radius R2For 16 ㎜.Back shroud 1 is most thick
With a thickness of 2 ㎜, and reinforce its rigidity by four ribs；Two 2 thickness m of piezoelectric patches1It is equal, it is 3 ㎜, and use PMNT piezoelectricity
Material, the outer radius R of piezoelectric patches 21For 15 ㎜, inside radius r1For 3.8 ㎜；The outer radius and inside radius of front pad 3 are and piezoelectricity
Piece 2 is equal, respectively 15 ㎜, 3.8 ㎜；Electrode slice 4 uses thickness m2Brass for the brass of 0.2 ㎜, between two piezoelectric patches 2
For positive electrode, the brass between back shroud 1 and piezoelectric patches 2, between piezoelectric patches 2 and front pad 3 is negative electrode；5 radius of pedestal
r3For 6 ㎜；Shell 6 selects thickness m3For the epoxy plastics of 0.5 ㎜；Bolt 7 includes screw 71 and screw rod 72, wherein screw 71
Radius r2It is set as the outer radius R of piezoelectric patches 211/4.
With finite element modelling to verify whether designed energy converter can remove down the ice of back.By energy converter of the present invention
Plate ice model carry out necessary simplification, simplified energy converter and plate ice model are as shown in Figure 5.
(1) material properties
The material properties of PMNT piezoelectric ceramics are as follows: density of material: 8093kg/m3, PMNT dielectric constant matrix
PMNT stiffness matrix
PMNT piezoelectric matrix
Size for the aluminium sheet and ice sheet of simulating aircraft skin is 300mm × 210mm × 2mm, and material parameter is such as
Table 1.
1 aluminium sheet of table is in icing material properties
(2) boundary condition
The mounting distance of energy converter onboard can be by formulaIt determines, takes d=here
150mm, the bottom end of pedestal is with metal plate using Nian Jie constraint.Two piezoelectric patches intermediate interfaces apply 100V voltage, and both ends apply simultaneously
0V voltage.When this represents progress spectrum analysis, alternating voltage can be generated on piezoelectric patches.Metal plate is by the way of arbitrary loading
For simulating the riveting form of aircraft skin, metal plate refers to one piece of plank of simulation aircraft skin.
(3) analysis is calculated
Harmonic analysis first is carried out to entire deicing structure.It is random in plate ice interface in order to find optimal deicing frequency
Several points have been selected, have exported the relationship of its XY shear stress and frequency, as shown in Figure 6.It is not difficult to obtain from figure, swash in the energy converter
It encourages down, the optimum frequency of deicing is 92.0kHz.
Under optimum frequency 92.0kHz excitation, the shearing stress distribution at plate ice interface is as shown in Figure 7.It can by the experimental data
Know, the shear strength overwhelming majority situation between accumulated ice and the aluminium sheet of different roughness is between 0.15MPa to 0.4MPa.For
Make research object that more there is generality, it is believed that the shear strength of covering aluminium sheet and accumulated ice is 0.3MPa or so.By in figure
As can be seen that the absolute value of the shear stress most areas between plate ice interface is all larger than 2MPa, it is several in conjunction with what is selected at random in Fig. 6
A maximum stress is respectively 2.93MPa, 4.12MPa, 10.12MPa, 8.76MPa as a result, it may be concluded that the transducing
Device can remove down the ice of given plate face.
(4) transducer power calculates
The electric current of energy converter piezoelectric material can be calculated by the following formula
I=2 π f*C*V
Wherein, C is the capacitor of piezoelectric material itself, and frequency f selected when being deicing can be obtained by above-mentioned computer sim- ulation
Out, optimum frequency 92.0kHz, V are the voltage peak that circuit applies, and value is 141V here, and the capacitor of piezoelectric patches can be by reality
It tests directly measurement or can also be determined by following formula:
C=εTε0S/d
Wherein εTFor the dielectric constant of piezoelectric patches, value 5569, ε0It is for 8.85 × 10-12F/m of permittivity of vacuum, d
The thickness of piezoelectric patches, value 3mm.S is the positive area of piezoelectric patches, value 661mm2, it is computed to obtain in of the invention and presses
The capacitor of electric piece is 10.9nF, and electric current I is 0.89A.
Therefore the power of designed energy converter finds out as 125.5W, than power (60W) of general PZT-4 energy converter
Height, this aspect are that the dielectric properties of piezoelectric material used are different, piezoelectric patches is of different sizes, on the other hand also with its working frequency
It is related.The energy converter that the present invention designs uses PMNT piezoelectric material, has selected thinner piezoelectric patches, and working frequency also compared with
Height, therefore power can become larger.And high-power energy converter means that power density is higher, then meaning for aircraft deicing can be with
Complete deicing task with shorter time, or at the same time in can remove greater area of ice.
(5) performance comparison is analyzed
Designed PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) and PZT sandwich transducer are compared.As shown in Figure 8.Right side PZT is sandwich
Energy converter, the energy converter is existing frequently-used in ultrasonic cleaning, and production is simple, and low cost has excellent deicing performance.But it should
Transducer architecture is heavier, and volume is also relatively large, if biggish quality can be increased to aircraft by being applied in actual aircraft deicing.
This meeting is so that it is significantly limited in the application of aviation field.Left side is then PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) of the present invention.In performance evaluation knot
It is found that energy converter of the present invention can generate enough shear stress between plate ice interface in fruit, therefore it can also reach deicing well
Purpose.From in structure chart it can be seen that energy converter of the present invention in volume compare PZT it is much smaller, maximum height and maximum radius
It is all obviously reduced, weight also reduces therewith, this is very important the light-duty design of aviation.And the energy converter is set again
At the beginning of meter just in view of it is easy to process, be easily assembled, be easily installed etc. and require, therefore there is huge application prospect.Two are changed
The weight and dimensional parameters such as table 2 of energy device are listed.
Table 2PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) and the comparison of PZT sandwich transducer structural parameters
It can be seen from contrast table above under the premise of being equally reached deicing purpose, designed PMNT piezoelectricity
The weight of energy converter is only the 13% of PZT sandwich transducer, maximum height less than its 20%.All subtract significantly on weight and volume
It is small, but can guarantee power required for deicing.For entire aircraft, complete machine deicing is needed using a large amount of transducing
Device, thus using high power density energy converter very it is necessary to.Each energy converter loss of weight is more than 80% weight loss effect pair
It is of great significance in the application of the ultrasonic clearing ice technology of propulsion.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is said referring to method part
It is bright.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing, which is characterized in that be disposed with rear cover from the top to the bottom
Plate (1), two piezoelectric patches (2) and front pad (3), between the back shroud (1) and the piezoelectric patches (2), two piezoelectricity
It is provided with electrode slice (4) between piece (2), between the piezoelectric patches (2) and front pad (3), front pad (3) the center setting
Have pedestal (5), the back shroud (1), the piezoelectric patches (2), the electrode slice (4) and the pedestal (5) are equipped with concentric circles
Hole, and connected constitute of each concentric circle holes is connected channel, is equipped with bolt (7), the back shroud in the linking channel
(1) it is fixed on shell (6), and the shell (6) is disposed around the lateral surface of the piezoelectric patches (2) and the electrode slice (4).
2. a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two piezoelectricity
Piece (2) thickness m1It is equal, it is 2.9 ㎜ -3.1 ㎜, and use PMNT piezoelectric material, the outer radius R of the piezoelectric patches (2)1It is 13
㎜ -16 ㎜, inside radius r1For 3.6 ㎜ -3.8 ㎜.
3. a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the foremast
The outer radius and inside radius of piece (3) are equal with the piezoelectric patches (2).
4. a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electrode
The thickness m of piece (4)2For 0.2 ㎜, and select brass, wherein the brass between two piezoelectric patches (2) is positive electrode, described
Brass between back shroud (1) and the piezoelectric patches (2), between the piezoelectric patches (2) and the front pad (3) is negative electricity
Pole.
5. a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bolt
It (7) include screw (71) and screw rod (72), the outer wall of the screw (71) and the screw rod (72) is distributed with external screw thread, described
Back shroud (1) and the corresponding concentric circle holes inner wall of the pedestal (5) are provided with internal screw thread, the external screw thread and the internal screw thread
Matching, and the screw (71) is fixed on the back shroud (1), the screw rod (72) is fixed on the pedestal (5), described
The radius r of screw (71)2For the outer radius R of the piezoelectric patches (2)11/4-1/3, the externally threaded screw pitch be 0.3 ㎜ -0.5
㎜。
6. a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shell
(6) thickness m3For 0.4 ㎜ -0.6 ㎜, and select epoxy plastics.
7. a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electrode
It is glued by epoxide-resin glue between piece (4) and the back shroud (1), the piezoelectric patches (2) and the front pad (3)
Knot.
8. a kind of PMNT PZT (piezoelectric transducer) for ultrasonic deicing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rear cover
Plate (1) use steel material, intermediate position with a thickness of 1.8 ㎜ -2.2 ㎜.
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| CN110282070A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of integrated form piezoelectric vibration resistance absorber of embeddable wall surface |
| CN110732477A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-31 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | spiral sound wave transmitting transducer containing vibration-transmitting rod |
| WO2022214150A1 (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-10-13 | Richard Wolf Gmbh | Electroacoustic transducer |
| CN115264078A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-11-01 | 燕山大学 | External self-icebreaking electromagnetic valve with exciting body |
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| CN109365253B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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