CN109362997A - A kind of feed addictive and preparation method thereof improving marine fish quality - Google Patents
A kind of feed addictive and preparation method thereof improving marine fish quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN109362997A CN109362997A CN201811193994.8A CN201811193994A CN109362997A CN 109362997 A CN109362997 A CN 109362997A CN 201811193994 A CN201811193994 A CN 201811193994A CN 109362997 A CN109362997 A CN 109362997A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of feed addictive and preparation method thereof for improving marine fish quality, belongs to mariculture technology field, which includes organic chromic compound, and above-mentioned organic chromic compound contains at least two amino acid ligands；Wherein at least two kinds of amino acid are selected from methionine, cysteine, alanine, glycine, proline, glutamic acid or histidine.Preparation method includes preparing organic chromic compound using microwave heating solid phase synthesis process；Feed addictive is obtained after organic chromic compound is mixed with chitosan oligosaccharide complex；Sodium citrate and D-alanine are wherein added in microwave heating solid phase synthesis.Feed addictive of the present invention improves the immune function and anti-stress ability of animal while may participate in glycometabolism in body, can improve the flavor and meat quality of fish, closer to wild fish；Low energy consumption for preparation method, yield is high, and the stability of organic chromic compound obtained is moderate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mariculture technology fields, and in particular to it is a kind of improve marine fish quality feed add
Add agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Fish account for critical role in terms of nutrition, rich in different vitamins (D, A and B) and minerals (including calcium,
Iodine, zinc, iron and selenium), fish is the source of the high quality protein rich in all essential amino acids easy to digest, is provided for the mankind
Animal nutrition albumen abundant.Currently, sea-farming improves the yield of aquatic products, the strength that has been contribution of economic growth, to day
The fishing pressure of right fishery resources has certain alleviation.From the nineties in 20th century, the yield of marine fish, the shellfish in China etc. is big
Amplitude increases, and the development of sea-farming industry obtains the achievement to attract people's attention, greatly improves sea fishery in national economy
In status.But with rising rapidly for aquaculture production, the phenomenon that most of aquaculture product shows quality decline,
Fish especially occur that color is fuzzy, and meat is loosely and the quality problem of flavor degeneration.These problems have seriously affected aquaculture
Sound development, including the market price, export restrictions etc..Therefore it is extremely important for carrying out the correlative study of raising quality of fish
's.
Quality of fish is an extremely complex concept.The quality of fish that usual consumer thinks mainly includes sense organ spy
Property, nutritive value and freshness, organoleptic attribute and nutritive value are related with the intracorporal chemical substance composition of fish.Therefore fish
Class quality is a kind of Comprehensive Traits, is determined by a series of quality evaluation indexs (including physical behavior and chemical composition).Fish
Quality is influenced by several factors, including fish body self-characteristic (type, gender, age etc.), environmental factor (temperature, salinity
Deng), it raises history (feed composition, feeding rate etc.) and butchers the influence of mode.And the quality of cultured fishes and the nutrition of fish
There is close relationship with feed.In terms of cultivation fish color, meat and flavor can be improved by way of nutrition and feed
Quality.In recent years, with the development of feed industry, mixed feed plays protein content height, growth in the cultivation of grass carp
Speed is fast, saves artificial, high financial profit effect.But high protein is largely fed, high-energy bait makes fish quilt
Change feeding habits dynamicly, and when function is another in vivo, can not adapt to the change of feeding habits, be ingested for a long time more than the bait of its nutritional need
Material, nutrition cannot convert completely, and body fat accumulation is excessive, cause fish the undesirable symptom of Nutrition and Metabolism occur, cause grass carp
Immunity and premunition decline, there is also such as flesh quality decline, taste bad the problems such as.Therefore, fish itself are improved
Immunity reduces or stops using drug, improves cultivation object quality, becomes the research hotspot of current aquaculture.So opening
Cultured fishes fast-growth can be promoted by issuing one kind, and the additive for fodder for improving its flesh quality and mouthfeel, which becomes, works as
It is engaged in anxious.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of to improve the immune of animal while may participate in glycometabolism in body
Function and anti-stress ability can improve the flavor and meat quality of fish, so that the collagen of muscle content of cultured fishes,
The feed addition for improving marine fish quality closer to wild fish such as collagen cross-linking level, muscle fat
Agent.
The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:
A kind of feed addictive improving marine fish quality, including organic chromic compound, organic chromic compound
Contain at least two amino acid ligands；Above-mentioned at least two amino acid is selected from methionine, cysteine, alanine, sweet ammonia
Acid, proline, glutamic acid or histidine.The amino acid contained in Organic Chromium at present mainly has one kind, and contains at least two ammonia
The Organic Chromium of base acid did not reported that organic chromic compound of the invention contained at least two amino acid, absorption benefit with higher
With rate, supplement plays the amino acid of different role to body while capable of providing chromium (III) after being ingested for marine fish,
The content that free amino acid in the flesh of fish can be improved improves the flavor of fish, and furthermore the amino acid of different role can also be in body
The formation that some enzymes containing metallic element take part in hormone is formed, the digestion and metabolism of nutritional ingredient in feed is promoted, reduces blood
The content of cortisol in clear, inhibits breaks down proteins, hinder gluconeogenesis make to be metabolized to the direction of fat deposition and Glycogen synthesis into
Row, increases the quantity of Immunoglobulin in Serum, to enhance the immune function of body, furthermore can also improve mariculture fish
Utilization of the class to carbohydrate, improves protein digestibility and feed efficiency, so that the collagen of muscle of cultured fishes contains
Amount, collagen cross-linking level, muscle fat etc. improve the growth and quality of marine fish closer to wild fish.
For optimisation technique scheme, the measure taken further include:
The ligand of above-mentioned organic chromic compound further includes niacin class or carboxylic acids or monosaccharide.The oxidation state of chromium (III)
Stability is stronger and the binding ability of organic ligand is strong, can selectively combine different ligands as needed, so that
There is the bioactivity of different ligands in conjunction with organic chromic compound of formation, synergistic effect can be played between different ligands,
Biological effect similar with GTF can be played in marine fish body, chromium (III) ion in the activated centre GFT
Surrounding has 6 unoccupied orbitals, can form 6 covalent bond sites, improves animal while may participate in glycometabolism in body
Immune function and anti-stress ability, the final growth and quality for improving marine fish.
Above-mentioned feed addictive further includes chitosan oligosaccharide complex；Chitosan oligosaccharide complex by chitosan and metal ion and/or
Rare earth element occurs chelatropic reaction and obtains.There are a large amount of amino and hydroxyl and the second of not deacetylated part on chitosan oligosaccharide strand
Acylamino- isoreactivity group, for intramolecular there is also hydrogen bond, they are all coordination site and reaction site, can and metal from
Son and rare earth element generation chelatropic reaction form stable metal and integrate object, and such chitosan oligosaccharide complex is remarkably improved cultivation
Phagocytic activity, respiratory burst vigor and the Acid Phosphatase Activity and specific growth rate of fish enhance mineral element in fish body
Summation, dramatically increase muscle inosine and inosine acid content, have improvement result to muscle flavor, and muscle cholesterol contains
It measures relatively low, improves the meat quality of cultured fishes.
Above-mentioned metal ion includes Cu2+、Ag+And Hg2+；Rare earth element includes La3+、Ce3+、Ce4+And Eu3+。
The weight ratio 1:2.2-2.8 of organic chromic compound and chitosan oligosaccharide complex in above-mentioned feed addictive.
Additive amount of the above-mentioned feed addictive in feed is 0.17-0.55mg/kg.
It is another object of the present invention to provide one kind, low energy consumption, yield is high, the stabilization of organic chromic compound obtained
Property it is moderate, conducive to storage and marine fish be absorbed and utilized, improve the raising mariculture fish of the utilization rate of feed addictive
The preparation method of the feed addictive of class quality.
The technical solution that the present invention is taken to achieve the above object are as follows:
A kind of preparation method for the feed addictive improving marine fish quality, including,
Organic chromic compound is prepared using microwave heating solid phase synthesis process；
Feed addictive is obtained after organic chromic compound is mixed with chitosan oligosaccharide complex；
Wherein, sodium citrate and D-alanine are added in microwave heating solid phase synthesis.Machine chromic compound synthesis process
When the pH value of middle reaction solution is lower, H+Power supplying groups can be competed with chromium (III) ion, are unfavorable for the generation of chelate, while H+
Also hydroxy compounds Cr (OH) is generated with power supplying groups contention chromium (III) ion3, when the pH value of reaction solution is higher, chromium (III)
Ion hydrolyzes, and forms hydroxide precipitating, and the presence of sodium citrate and D-alanine is able to maintain the pH of reaction solution
5.0-6.0 is maintained, so that organic chromic compound is had maximum yield, while the stabilization of obtained organic chromic compound can be assisted
Property it is moderate, conducive to storage and marine fish be absorbed and utilized, improve the utilization rate of feed addictive.
For optimisation technique scheme, the measure taken further include:
The above-mentioned specific steps that organic chromic compound is prepared using microwave heating solid phase synthesis process are as follows: by ligand and
CrCl3·6H2Ultrapure water is added after O mixing, after the completion of microwave heating solid phase synthesis, is filtered, and drying is to get the cooperation of machine chromium
The ligand of object.The preparation method uses microwave heating solid phase synthesis technique, and several times faster than traditional heating or even thousands of times are micro-
Wave heating can increase the activity of reactant molecule, improve the collision frequency of reaction molecular, improves the average energy of reaction, subtracts
It is few to react required activation energy, dramatically speed up chemical reaction rate；Microwave heating simultaneously is to organic ligand and chromium ion
Oxidation and destruction are small, play protection to structure of matter stability, improve the yield of organic chromic compound.
Above-mentioned microwave power is 500-600w, synthesising reacting time 150-180s.
The pH of reaction system maintains 5.0-6.0 during above-mentioned microwave heating synthesis in solid state.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that feed addictive of the present invention is contained with organic chromic compound
At least two amino acid, supplement plays different works to body while capable of providing chromium (III) after being ingested for marine fish
Amino acid can improve the content of free amino acid in the flesh of fish, improve the flavor of fish, furthermore the amino acid of different role
The immune function of body can also be enhanced, utilization of the marine fish to carbohydrate is improved, improve protein digestibility and feed
Transformation efficiency so that the collagen of muscle content of cultured fishes, collagen cross-linking level, muscle fat etc. closer to
Wild fish improves the growth and quality of marine fish；Feed addictive of the present invention can be mentioned significantly with chitosan oligosaccharide complex
Phagocytic activity, respiratory burst vigor and the Acid Phosphatase Activity and specific growth rate of high cultured fishes, enhancing mineral element exist
The intracorporal summation of fish, dramatically increases muscle inosine and inosine acid content, has improvement result, and muscle gallbladder to muscle flavor
Sterol content is relatively low, improves the meat quality of cultured fishes；Low energy consumption for preparation method of the present invention, yield is high, obtained to have
The stability of machine chromic compound is moderate, is absorbed and utilized conducive to storage and marine fish, improves the utilization of feed addictive
Rate.
Present invention employs above-mentioned technical proposal provide it is a kind of improve marine fish quality feed addictive and its
Preparation method compensates for the deficiencies in the prior art, reasonable design, easy operation.
Specific embodiment
The terms "include", "comprise" used herein, " having ", " having ", " containing " or its any other variant are intended to
Cover non-exclusionism includes.For example, composition, technique, method, product or equipment comprising a series of elements might not
It is only limited to those elements, but can also be comprising these compositions, technique, method, product or equipment is not expressly listed wants
Element or intrinsic other element.
The embodiment party that term "comprising" is intended to include term " substantially by ... form " and " consist of " is covered
Case.Similarly, term " substantially by ... form " is intended to include the embodiment that term " consist of " is covered.
Unless otherwise directed, whole percentage, number, ratio etc. are by weight.
When with range, preferred scope or a series of upper limit preferred values and lower preferable values provide quantity, concentration or other number
When value or parameter, it should be understood that it is specifically disclosed by any biggish range limit or preferred value and any lesser range limit
Any pair of numerical value of value or preferred value is formed by all ranges, regardless of whether these ranges are disclosed respectively.For example,
When the range of description " 1 to 5 ", described range should be interpreted that including " 1 to 4 ", " 1 to 3 ", " 1 to 2 ", " 1 to 2 and 4 to
5 ", the ranges such as " 1 to 3 and 5 ".Unless otherwise indicated, in place of numberical range is described herein, the range is intended to include model
Enclose all integers and the score in end value and range.
In addition, contrary, "or" refer to the "or" of inclusiveness rather than exclusive "or" unless expressly stated.For example,
It is that very (or presence) and B are false (or being not present) that following either condition, which is all suitable for condition A "or" B:A, and A is false (or being not present)
And B is that true (or presence) and A and B are true (or presence).
In addition, the word " one " and "an" before element or component of the invention be intended to indicate for the element or
It is not restricted that number (occurs) for the appearance of component.Therefore, " one " or "an" are understood to include one kind or at least one
Kind, quantity is odd number unless expressly stated, and otherwise the element or component of singular also include the case where plural number.
The exemplary embodiments for embodying inventive features and advantage will describe in detail in the following description.It should be understood that this
Invention can have various variations in different embodiments, neither depart from the scope of the present invention, and description therein exists
It is substantially to be illustrated as being used, rather than to limit the present invention.
When adding the metallic ore substance of inorganic chromium in feed, due to its rearing conditions make a variation it is larger, it is temperature, wet
The factors such as degree, cause of disease emergency, can make inorganic mineral absorption efficiency low, and largely drain, not only endanger body, also broken
It is broken environment.Main problem is as follows: stability is poor: when the inorganic metal minerals added in feed, metalliferous mineral
Upright connect can react to each other, and destroy the substances such as the vitamin in feed.The element of some high-valence states can aoxidize unsaturated rouge
Fat makes fat rancidity, stimulating gastrointestinal road after feed intake, and animal intestinal tract harmful bacteria quantity is caused to increase, and growth is pressed down.And
The molecules or hydroxyl etc. such as oxalate, phytic acid root in feed negative ions also can form indissoluble object with metal ion, to animal
Body enteron aisle damages, and growth of animal is made to be obstructed；Animal absorptivity is low: after inorganic metal mine element-free enters small intestine, needing to use
Special carrier, which transports, can compete carrier between internal, different metallic element, inhibit the effective absorption and utilization of element.
The absorptivity of inorganic chromium only has 0.3%~4%, and the absorptivity of Organic Chromium can be up to 25%-30%.Due to inorganic mineral
Various drawbacks of element additive, so that humatite element additive is increasingly by the welcome of raiser.
GTF is the active form of chromium (III) ion, plays its biological function by enhancing the effect of insulin.It arrives
So far, the chemicals that GTF and chromium (III) ion are formed also not with very specific structure, are analyzed its ingredient and are mainly contained
Chromium (III) ion, niacin, glutamic acid, glycine, half fat propylhomoserin, and thus speculate that GTF may be with niacin-chromium (III) ion-
Centered on niacin, the chelate that is formed using three kinds of amino acid as ligand.It can be sent out compared with the structure of several organo-chromium compounds
Existing, chromium (III) ion is at center, therefore organo-chromium compound can play biology similar with GTF in body
Learn effect.It is in
There are 6 unoccupied orbitals around chromium (III) the ion ion in the activated centre GFT, 6 covalent bond sites can be formed.
When insulin is in conjunction with target cell, wherein the sulfydryl on 2 binding sites of chromium (III) ion and target cell membrane is formed covalently
Key, the disulfide bond on INSULIN A chain then form covalent bond with other 2 binding sites, insulin are closely connected with target cell
It is connected together, so that the combination of insulin and target cell membrane surface receptor, so that insulin signaling downstream be transmitted.Therefore,
It is considered that GTF is insulin to the bridge for transmitting signal between target cell, i.e. insulin must be by GTF come to target cell
It plays a role.
A kind of feed addictive improving marine fish quality disclosed in the present application, including organic chromic compound, should
Organic chromic compound contains at least two amino acid ligands；Above-mentioned at least two amino acid be selected from methionine, cysteine,
Alanine, glycine, proline, glutamic acid or histidine.The amino acid contained in Organic Chromium at present mainly has one kind, and contains
There is the Organic Chromium of at least two amino acid not report, organic chromic compound of present embodiment contains at least two amino acid,
Absorption rate with higher, supplement plays body while capable of providing chromium (III) after being ingested for marine fish
The amino acid of different role can improve the content of free amino acid in the flesh of fish, improve the flavor of fish, furthermore different role
Amino acid can also form the formation that some enzymes containing metallic element take part in hormone in body, promote in feed nutrition at
The digestion and metabolism divided reduces the content of cortisol in serum, inhibits breaks down proteins, and gluconeogenesis is hindered to make to be metabolized to fatty heavy
Long-pending and Glycogen synthesis direction carries out, and increases the quantity of Immunoglobulin in Serum, thus enhance the immune function of body, this
Utilization of the marine fish to carbohydrate can also be improved outside, improves protein digestibility and feed efficiency, so that cultivation
The collagen of muscle contents of fish, collagen cross-linking level, muscle fat etc. improve seawater closer to wild fish
The growth and quality of cultured fishes.
The ligand of above-mentioned organic chromic compound further includes niacin class or carboxylic acids or monosaccharide.The oxidation state of chromium (III)
Stability is stronger and the binding ability of organic ligand is strong, can selectively combine different ligands as needed, so that
There is the bioactivity of different ligands in conjunction with organic chromic compound of formation, synergistic effect can be played between different ligands,
Biological effect similar with GTF can be played in marine fish body, chromium (III) ion in the activated centre GFT
Surrounding has 6 unoccupied orbitals, can form 6 covalent bond sites, improves animal while may participate in glycometabolism in body
Immune function and anti-stress ability, the final growth and quality for improving marine fish.
Above-mentioned feed addictive further includes chitosan oligosaccharide complex；Chitosan oligosaccharide complex by chitosan and metal ion and/or
Rare earth element occurs chelatropic reaction and obtains.There are a large amount of amino and hydroxyl and the second of not deacetylated part on chitosan oligosaccharide strand
Acylamino- isoreactivity group, for intramolecular there is also hydrogen bond, they are all coordination site and reaction site, can and metal from
Son and rare earth element generation chelatropic reaction form stable metal and integrate object, and such chitosan oligosaccharide complex is remarkably improved cultivation
Phagocytic activity, respiratory burst vigor and the Acid Phosphatase Activity and specific growth rate of fish enhance mineral element in fish body
Summation, dramatically increase muscle inosine and inosine acid content, have improvement result to muscle flavor, and muscle cholesterol contains
It measures relatively low, improves the meat quality of cultured fishes.
Above-mentioned metal ion includes Cu2+、Ag+And Hg2+；Rare earth element includes La3+、Ce3+、Ce4+And Eu3+。
The weight ratio 1:2.2-2.8 of organic chromic compound and chitosan oligosaccharide complex in above-mentioned feed addictive.
Additive amount of the above-mentioned feed addictive in feed is 0.17-0.55mg/kg.
A kind of preparation method of feed addictive for improving marine fish quality is also disclosed in the application, including,
Organic chromic compound is prepared using microwave heating solid phase synthesis process；
Feed addictive is obtained after organic chromic compound is mixed with chitosan oligosaccharide complex；
Wherein, sodium citrate and D-alanine are added in microwave heating solid phase synthesis.Machine chromic compound synthesis process
When the pH value of middle reaction solution is lower, H+Power supplying groups can be competed with chromium (III) ion, are unfavorable for the generation of chelate, while H+
Also hydroxy compounds Cr (OH) is generated with power supplying groups contention chromium (III) ion3, when the pH value of reaction solution is higher, chromium (III)
Ion hydrolyzes, and forms hydroxide precipitating, and the presence of sodium citrate and D-alanine is able to maintain the pH of reaction solution
5.0-6.0 is maintained, so that organic chromic compound is had maximum yield, while the stabilization of obtained organic chromic compound can be assisted
Property it is moderate, conducive to storage and marine fish be absorbed and utilized, improve the utilization rate of feed addictive.It is disclosed herein to match
Position body and CrCl3·6H2O mixing can be by any suitable mixed method, and such as ultrasound or mechanical stirring are mixed.
The above-mentioned specific steps that organic chromic compound is prepared using microwave heating solid phase synthesis process are as follows: by ligand and
CrCl3·6H2Ultrapure water is added after O mixing, after the completion of microwave heating solid phase synthesis, is filtered, and drying is to get the cooperation of machine chromium
The ligand of object.The preparation method uses microwave heating solid phase synthesis technique, and several times faster than traditional heating or even thousands of times are micro-
Wave heating can increase the activity of reactant molecule, improve the collision frequency of reaction molecular, improves the average energy of reaction, subtracts
It is few to react required activation energy, dramatically speed up chemical reaction rate；Microwave heating simultaneously is to organic ligand and chromium ion
Oxidation and destruction are small, play protection to structure of matter stability, improve the yield of organic chromic compound.
Above-mentioned microwave power is 500-600w, synthesising reacting time 150-180s.
The pH of reaction system maintains 5.0-6.0 during above-mentioned microwave heating synthesis in solid state.
In the following, the feeding to a kind of raising marine fish quality of an embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments
Feed additives and preparation method thereof are described further.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of feed addictive improving marine fish quality, including organic chromic compound, organic chromic compound
Contain at least two amino acid ligands；Above-mentioned at least two amino acid is glycine, proline；Organic chromic compound is matched
Position body further includes citric acid.
Above-mentioned feed addictive further includes chitosan oligosaccharide complex；Chitosan oligosaccharide complex is by chitosan and Cu2+Chela occurs for ion
Reaction is closed to obtain.
The weight ratio 1:2.2 of organic chromic compound and chitosan oligosaccharide complex, the feed addictive in above-mentioned feed addictive
Additive amount in feed is 0.17mg/kg.
A kind of preparation method for the feed addictive improving marine fish quality, including,
The specific steps of organic chromic compound are prepared using microwave heating solid phase synthesis process are as follows: weigh 2.1g glycine,
1.4g proline, 2.2g citric acid and 1.5g CrCl3·6H260ml ultrapure water is added, at microwave power 580w in O after mixing
Appropriate distilled water is added after the reaction was completed in microwave heating solid phase synthesis 180s, filters, and filter residue dries in 100 DEG C of baking ovens
The dry ligand to get machine chromic compound, wherein sodium citrate and D-alanine are added during reflection, so that reaction system
PH maintain 5.0-6.0；Feed addictive is obtained after organic chromic compound is mixed with chitosan oligosaccharide complex.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of feed addictive improving marine fish quality, including organic chromic compound, organic chromic compound
Contain at least two amino acid ligands；Above-mentioned at least two amino acid is methionine, cysteine；Organic chromic compound
Ligand further includes niacin.
Above-mentioned feed addictive further includes chitosan oligosaccharide complex；Chitosan oligosaccharide complex is by chitosan and Ce3+It is anti-that chelating occurs
It should obtain.
The weight ratio 1:2.5 of organic chromic compound and chitosan oligosaccharide complex, the feed addictive in above-mentioned feed addictive
Additive amount in feed is 0.34mg/kg.
A kind of preparation method for the feed addictive improving marine fish quality, including,
The specific steps of organic chromic compound are prepared using microwave heating solid phase synthesis process are as follows: weigh methionine, half Guang
Propylhomoserin, niacin and CrCl3·6H2O makes its molar ratio 2:2:2:1, ultrapure for 1:6 (g/ml) addition by solid-liquid ratio after mixing
Appropriate distilled water is added after the reaction was completed in water, the microwave heating solid phase synthesis 160s at microwave power 600w, filters,
The ligand that filter residue is dried in 100 DEG C of baking ovens to get machine chromic compound, wherein sodium citrate and D- are added during reflection
Alanine, so that the pH of reaction system maintains 5.5；Feed is obtained after organic chromic compound is mixed with chitosan oligosaccharide complex to add
Add agent.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of feed addictive improving marine fish quality, wherein niacin chromic compound and chitosan oligosaccharide complex
Weight ratio 1:2.5, the chitosan oligosaccharide complex is by chitosan and Ce3+Chelatropic reaction occurs to obtain.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of feed addictive improving marine fish quality, wherein chromium citrate complex and chitosan oligosaccharide cooperation
The weight ratio 1:2.5 of object, the chitosan oligosaccharide complex is by chitosan and Ce3+Chelatropic reaction occurs to obtain.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of feed addictive improving marine fish quality, wherein chromium methionine complex and chitosan oligosaccharide cooperation
The weight ratio 1:2.5 of object, the chitosan oligosaccharide complex is by chitosan and Ce3+Chelatropic reaction occurs to obtain.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of feed addictive improving marine fish quality, Glutamic Acid chromic compound and chitosan oligosaccharide cooperation
The weight ratio 1:2.5 of object, the chitosan oligosaccharide complex is by chitosan and Ce3+Chelatropic reaction occurs to obtain.
Embodiment 7:
Feed addictive tests the sea-farming of turbot, and test carries out 60d altogether, and concrete operations and requirement are as follows.
1) breed variety: 1 gram or so of turbot postlarva 4200 is randomly assigned to be five groups: net cage 1, net cage 2, net cage
3, net cage 4, net cage 5, net cage 6, net cage 7, each group gross weight is suitable, and every group of net cage always puts turbot postlarva 600 in a suitable place to breed；
2) cultivating condition: the net cage of environmental factor, chemical factor and the essentially identical same waters of biological factor；
3) aquaculture management: other conditions are essentially identical, except that added with real in the feed that net cage 1 is fed daily
Apply 1 product of example；2 product of embodiment is added in the feed that net cage 2 is fed daily；It is added in the feed that net cage 3 is fed daily
3 product of embodiment；4 product of embodiment is added in the feed that net cage 4 is fed daily；It is added in the feed that net cage 5 is fed daily
There is 5 product of embodiment；6 product of embodiment is added in the feed that net cage 6 is fed daily；Net cage 7 (control group) is fed daily
Additive is not added in feed；
4) cultivation result compares: culture experiment continues 3 months, and then calculate turbot survives item number, survival rate, in fact
Test that the results are shown in Table 1；
5) in the flesh of fish free amino acid measurement: weigh 1g muscle, 10% sulfosalicylic acid of 3ml be added, be homogenized 1min；
It takes 1.5ml homogenate at 4 DEG C, 15min is centrifuged under the conditions of 13000g, supernatant is taken to cross after 0.22 μm of filter membrane in Amino acid score
Free amino acid concentrations are detected in analyzer, chromatographic column is lithium ion exchanged column；
6) measurement of collagen cross-linking pyridinoline content: weighing 1g muscle, and the distilled water 9ml of pre-cooling, 4 DEG C of items are added
It is homogenized 1min under part, the sodium hydroxide 10ml of the 0.2M of pre-cooling is added, then sample is placed on shaking table under the conditions of 4 DEG C and is vibrated
4h；At 4 DEG C, it is centrifuged 30min under the conditions of 10000g, isolates supernatant and precipitating, precipitating is transferred in ampoule bottle, 3ml is added
The hydrochloric acid of 6M, and being sealed with alcohol blast burner, hydrolyzes 20h in 110 DEG C of baking ovens, by liquid capacity-fixed to 10ml volumetric flask after hydrolysis,
1ml supernatant is taken to measure using ELISA kit, the results are shown in Table 1.
Sea-farming test result of 1 feed addictive of table to turbot
As shown in Table 1, the survival rate of the turbot of net cage 1 and net cage 2 is significantly larger than net cage 3, net cage 4, net cage 5, net cage
6, net cage 7 show the good immune effect for feeding embodiment 1 and 2 feed addictive of embodiment, exempt from enhancing marine fish
Play the role of preferable in terms of epidemic disease power, illustrates organic chromic compound that the embodiment of the present invention obtains in enhancing mariculture fish
Effect in terms of para-immunity power；In the turbot flesh of fish of net cage 1 and net cage 2 middle free aminoacid content be significantly larger than net cage 3,
Net cage 4, net cage 5, net cage 6, net cage 7 show that the turbot flesh of fish can be improved by feeding embodiment 1 and 2 feed addictive of embodiment
Flavor, improve its quality；Collagen cross-linking pyridinoline content in the turbot flesh of fish of net cage 1 and net cage 2 is significantly larger than
Net cage 3, net cage 4, net cage 5, net cage 6, net cage 7 show the turbot for feeding embodiment 1 and 2 feed addictive of embodiment
Meat is higher, closer to closer to wild fish.
The prior art of routine techniques dawn known to those skilled in the art in above-described embodiment, therefore herein no longer in detail
Carefully repeat.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this field
Member can also make a variety of changes and modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, all equivalent
Technical solution also belong to scope of the invention, scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of feed addictive for improving marine fish quality, including organic chromic compound, it is characterised in that: described
Organic chromic compound contains at least two amino acid ligands；At least two amino acid be selected from methionine, cysteine,
Alanine, glycine, proline, glutamic acid or histidine.
2. a kind of feed addictive for improving marine fish quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The ligand of organic chromic compound further include niacin class or carboxylic acids or monosaccharide.
3. a kind of feed addictive for improving marine fish quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Feed addictive further include chitosan oligosaccharide complex；The chitosan oligosaccharide complex is by chitosan and metal ion and/or rare earth
Element occurs chelatropic reaction and obtains.
4. a kind of feed addictive for improving marine fish quality according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described
Metal ion include Cu2+、Ag+And Hg2+；The rare earth element includes La3+、Ce3+、Ce4+And Eu3+。
5. a kind of feed addictive for improving marine fish quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Feed addictive in organic chromic compound and chitosan oligosaccharide complex weight ratio 1:2.2-2.8.
6. a kind of feed addictive for improving marine fish quality according to claim 1-5, feature
Be: additive amount of the feed addictive in feed is 0.17-0.55mg/kg.
7. a kind of preparation method of feed addictive for improving marine fish quality described in any one of claims 1-6,
It is characterized by comprising,
Organic chromic compound is prepared using microwave heating solid phase synthesis process；
Feed addictive is obtained after organic chromic compound is mixed with chitosan oligosaccharide complex；
Sodium citrate and D-alanine are added in the microwave heating solid phase synthesis.
8. a kind of feed addictive and preparation method thereof for improving marine fish quality according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that: the specific steps that organic chromic compound is prepared using microwave heating solid phase synthesis process are as follows: by ligand
And CrCl3·6H2Ultrapure water is added after O mixing, after the completion of microwave heating solid phase synthesis, is filtered, drying is matched to get machine chromium
Close the ligand of object.
9. a kind of feed addictive and preparation method thereof for improving marine fish quality according to claim 7 or 8,
It is characterized by: the microwave power is 500-600w, the synthesising reacting time is 150-180s.
10. a kind of feed addictive for improving marine fish quality according to claim 7 or 8 and its preparation side
Method, it is characterised in that: the pH of reaction system maintains 5.0-6.0 during the microwave heating synthesis in solid state.
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Application publication date: 20190222 |