CN109361067B - Polarization converter for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees - Google Patents
Polarization converter for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees Download PDFInfo
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- CN109361067B CN109361067B CN201811464845.0A CN201811464845A CN109361067B CN 109361067 B CN109361067 B CN 109361067B CN 201811464845 A CN201811464845 A CN 201811464845A CN 109361067 B CN109361067 B CN 109361067B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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Abstract
A polarization converter for deflecting the polarization of electromagnetic waves in any direction by 90 degrees comprises 20 times 20 resonance units which are periodically arranged, wherein a three-dimensional artificial electromagnetic structure is adopted for deflecting the polarization angle of the electromagnetic waves in any incident direction by 90 degrees; each resonance unit comprises 4 columns with the same structure and different arrangement directions, a metal ground substrate and an insulator Teflon filled in the copper substrate; the 4 cylinders with the same structure and different arrangement directions are a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a fourth cylinder respectively; the first column comprises two first L-shaped columns and a second L-shaped column, the arrangement direction of the second column is consistent with the direction of the first column after rotating 90 degrees anticlockwise, the arrangement direction of the third column is consistent with the direction of the second column after rotating 90 degrees anticlockwise, and the arrangement direction of the fourth column is consistent with the direction of the third column after rotating 90 degrees anticlockwise; compared with the traditional polarization converter, the polarization converter has the advantages of simple structure, small loss and high efficiency, and is suitable for any incident angle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetism, and particularly relates to a polarization converter for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees.
Background
The artificial electromagnetic structure is an artificial structure with special electromagnetic characteristics and is formed by aperiodic or periodic arrangement of basic units of the subwavelength artificial structure with specific geometric shapes. At present, physical characteristic research of an artificial electromagnetic structure and application research thereof in the fields of directional radiation high-performance antennas, electromagnetic stealth, space communication, detection technology, novel terahertz wave band functional devices and the like start to become research hot spots in the international physics and electromagnetism world.
Electromagnetic wave polarization is defined as the motion trail of the end space of an electric field vector, and control of electromagnetic wave polarization is an important component of electromagnetic wave space propagation research. Different polarization modes are applied to different occasions. The polarization characteristics of electromagnetic waves are widely used in the fields and directions of satellite communication, radar reception anti-interference, aerospace, military, medical, target detection, identification, encoding, sampling and the like.
When linearly polarized electromagnetic waves propagate in free space, due to the complexity of the space environment, effects such as scattering, refraction, diffraction and the like can be generated, so that the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves is changed. When the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is not identical to that of the receiving antenna, the receiving efficiency is lowered, and when the polarization directions of the electromagnetic wave and the receiving antenna are orthogonal, the antenna hardly receives the electromagnetic signal. The polarization direction of the received signal is deflected to the polarization direction of the receiving antenna, so that the antenna has the best receiving efficiency. The traditional polarization converter has low conversion efficiency, is only suitable for a single electromagnetic wave incidence direction, has a complex structure and thicker thickness, can not meet the requirements of low distortion, wide adaptability and low profile of the traditional communication system, and reduces the effectiveness and integration of the communication system. Therefore, it is important to design a polarization conversion device suitable for any electromagnetic energy incidence direction and high in efficiency, and the invention utilizes a three-dimensional artificial electromagnetic structure to manufacture a polarization converter, so that the defects are overcome well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polarization converter for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees by adopting a three-dimensional artificial electromagnetic structure, and compared with the traditional polarization converter, the polarization converter has the advantages of simple structure, adaptation to any incidence angle, negligible loss and high efficiency; a polarization converter for deflecting the polarization of electromagnetic waves in any direction by 90 degrees comprises 20 times 20 resonance units which are periodically arranged, wherein a three-dimensional artificial electromagnetic structure is adopted for deflecting the polarization angle of the electromagnetic waves in any incident direction by 90 degrees; each resonance unit comprises 4 columns with the same structure and different arrangement directions, a metal ground substrate and an insulator Teflon filled in the copper substrate; the 4 cylinders with the same structure and different arrangement directions are a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a fourth cylinder respectively; the first column body comprises two first L-shaped column bodies and second L-shaped column bodies, the first L-shaped column bodies and the second L-shaped column bodies have the same specification, the first L-shaped column bodies are divided into a vertical section and a horizontal section, the second L-shaped column bodies are divided into a front section and a rear section, the front section is connected with the horizontal section, and the rear section is perpendicular to a plane formed by the vertical section, the horizontal section and the front section and is connected with the front section; the first column body, the second column body, the third column body and the fourth column body are respectively positioned at the right lower corner, the right upper corner, the left upper corner and the left lower corner of the metal ground base plate, the arrangement direction of the second column body is consistent with the direction of the first column body after rotating 90 degrees anticlockwise, the arrangement direction of the third column body is consistent with the direction of the second column body after rotating 90 degrees anticlockwise, and the arrangement direction of the fourth column body is consistent with the direction of the third column body after rotating 90 degrees anticlockwise.
Preferably, the first cylinder, the second cylinder, the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder are all made of copper materials.
Preferably, the radii of the first cylinder, the second cylinder, the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder are all 0.5mm.
Preferably, the total height of the first column, the second column, the third column and the fourth column, i.e. the height in the z direction, is 11.2mm, and the length of the vertical section in each column is the same as the length of the transverse section plus the rear section, and is 11mm.
Preferably, the metal flooring is a copper metal flooring, and the volume is 20mm by 2mm.
Preferably, the insulator teflon has a relative dielectric constant of 2.1, an outer radius of 1mm, an inner radius of 0.5mm and a height of 2mm.
Preferably, each resonant cell occupies only a volume of 20mm by 11.2 mm.
Preferably, the parameters of the resonance unit are adjustable, and the resonance frequency and the working frequency point are adjustable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional polarization converter, the invention adopts the artificial electromagnetic structure with novel form, can realize 90-degree polarization deflection of linear polarized electromagnetic waves in any direction, has simple structure and easy processing, and can conveniently realize the adjustment of resonant frequency and working frequency point by adjusting the size of each parameter of the resonant unit; each resonance unit only occupies 20mm by 11.2mm, the occupied volume is small, and the device has good compliance with the requirement on equipment miniaturization in modern wireless communication; at the 5.8GHz position of the central working frequency point, the polarization direction conversion of the linear polarization electromagnetic wave with any polarization direction can be realized, which is higher than that of the traditional polarization converter, and the defects of lower conversion efficiency and poor energy polarization conversion performance for each incident angle of the traditional polarization converter are overcome; the invention adopts conductive coupling, which is a novel polarization conversion mode; the resonance unit can be periodically expanded, has flexible structure, is easy for mass production, and has good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall resonant array structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a lower resonant cell of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first cartridge of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a polarization conversion mechanism;
fig. 5 is a graph showing return loss characteristics S11 of the array when electromagnetic waves of 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees are incident on the X-axis;
fig. 6 shows the efficiency of array polarization conversion for electromagnetic waves incident at 0, 30, 60, and 90 degrees to the X-axis.
1. A first column; 11. a vertical section; 12. a transverse section; 13. a front section; 14. a rear section; 2. a second column; 3. a third column; 4. a fourth column; 5. an insulator teflon; 6. a metal floor board; A. and a resonance unit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides an embodiment shown in figures 1-6, a polarization converter for deflecting the polarization of electromagnetic waves in any direction by 90 degrees, which comprises 20 times 20 resonant units A which are periodically arranged, wherein a three-dimensional artificial electromagnetic structure is adopted for deflecting the polarization angle of the electromagnetic waves in any incidence direction by 90 degrees, each resonant unit A only occupies a volume of 20mm times 11.2mm, the parameters of the resonant units A can be adjusted, and the resonant frequency and the working frequency point can be adjusted; each resonance unit A comprises 4 columns with the same structure and different arrangement directions, a metal base plate 6 and an insulator teflon 5 filled in a copper base plate, wherein the metal base plate 6 is a copper metal base plate, the volume is 20mm by 2mm, the relative dielectric constant of the insulator teflon 5 is 2.1, the outer radius is 1mm, the inner radius is 0.5mm, and the height is 2mm; the four columns with the same structure and different arrangement directions are respectively a first column 1, a second column 2, a third column 3 and a fourth column 4, wherein the first column 1, the second column 2, the third column 3 and the fourth column 4 are all made of copper materials, and the radius is 0.5mm; the first column 1 comprises two first L-shaped columns and second L-shaped columns, the specifications of the first L-shaped columns and the second L-shaped columns are the same, the first L-shaped columns are divided into a vertical section 11 and a horizontal section 12, the second L-shaped columns are divided into a front section 13 and a rear section 14, the front section 13 is connected with the horizontal section 12, the rear section 14 is perpendicular to a plane formed by the vertical section 11, the horizontal section 12 and the front section 13 and is connected with the front section 13, the total height of the first column 1, the second column 2, the third column 3 and the fourth column 4, namely the height in the z direction, is 11.2mm, and the length of the vertical section in each column is the same as the length of the horizontal section plus the rear section and is 11mm; the first column 1, the second column 2, the third column 3 and the fourth column 4 are respectively positioned at the right lower corner, the right upper corner, the left upper corner and the left lower corner of the metal ground base plate 6, the arrangement direction of the second column 2 is consistent with the direction of the first column 1 after rotating 90 degrees anticlockwise, the arrangement direction of the third column 3 is consistent with the direction of the second column 2 after rotating 90 degrees anticlockwise, and the arrangement direction of the fourth column 4 is consistent with the direction of the third column 3 after rotating 90 degrees anticlockwise.
The polarization conversion mechanism is as follows: when linear polarization energy with 5.8GHz and any polarization direction is incident to the front surface of the structure, resonance is generated, high-intensity surface current is generated on the L-shaped copper columns on the two sides of the structure, and the flow direction of the surface current is changed at the back surface due to the special distribution arrangement of the copper column directions, so that the polarization direction finishes 90-degree deflection in the process of transmitting electromagnetic energy from the front surface to the back surface of the structure.
The polarization conversion mechanism of the present invention will now be described in detail by taking fig. 4 as an example: FIG. 4 illustrates the orientation of the various coordinate axes in the spherical coordinate system; e represents an incident electromagnetic wave of 5.8GHz, the direction is a Z axis, an arbitrary included angle phi is formed between the incident electromagnetic wave and an X axis, at the moment, the array resonates, and high-intensity surface current is generated on the L-shaped structure; ex represents the component of the wave along the X-axis, the polarization direction conversion is accomplished by means of the first cylinder 1 and the third cylinder 3 in fig. 2, and the converted component is represented by Ex'; ey represents the component of the wave along the Y-axis, and polarization direction conversion is accomplished by means of structures 2 and 4 in fig. 2, the converted component being denoted by Ey'; synthesizing Ex ' and Ey ' to obtain a direction E ' after the wave finishes polarization direction conversion; from fig. 4, it can be clearly found that E forms an angle of 90 degrees with E', and the electromagnetic wave realizes polarization deflection of 90 degrees.
In fig. 5 and 6, electromagnetic wave conversion performance verification is made for any incident direction, and as shown in the figure, the return loss S11 of the array is the same as the conversion efficiency in each direction. This demonstrates that when electromagnetic waves of any included angle are incident on the array, the polarization direction is deflected by 90 degrees, and the efficiency is over 99% orthogonal to the incident direction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A polarization converter for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees, characterized in that: the device comprises 20 times 20 resonance units (A) which are periodically arranged, and adopts a three-dimensional artificial electromagnetic structure for deflecting the polarization angle of electromagnetic waves in any incident direction by 90 degrees; each resonance unit (A) comprises 4 columns with the same structure and different arrangement directions, a metal ground substrate (6) and an insulator teflon (5) filled in the metal ground substrate (6); the 4 columns with the same structure and different arrangement directions are respectively a first column (1), a second column (2), a third column (3) and a fourth column (4); the first column body (1) comprises a first L-shaped column body and a second L-shaped column body, the specifications of the first L-shaped column body and the second L-shaped column body are the same, the first L-shaped column body is divided into a vertical section (11) and a horizontal section (12), the second L-shaped column body is divided into a front section (13) and a rear section (14), the front section (13) is connected with the horizontal section (12), the rear section (14) is perpendicular to a plane formed by the vertical section (11), the horizontal section (12) and the front section (13) and is connected with the front section (13), the connecting part of the front section (13) and the horizontal section (12) penetrates through a metal ground substrate (6), a round hole is formed in the penetrating position of the column body, and an insulator teflon (5) is inserted into a gap between the round hole and the column body; the first column body (1), the second column body (2), the third column body (3) and the fourth column body (4) are respectively positioned at the right lower corner, the right upper corner, the left upper corner and the left lower corner of the metal ground base plate (6), the arrangement direction of the second column body (2) is consistent with the direction of the first column body (1) which is rotated 90 degrees anticlockwise, the arrangement direction of the third column body (3) is consistent with the direction of the second column body (2) which is rotated 90 degrees anticlockwise, and the arrangement direction of the fourth column body (4) is consistent with the direction of the third column body (3) which is rotated 90 degrees anticlockwise; the first column body (1), the second column body (2), the third column body (3) and the fourth column body (4) are all made of copper materials.
2. The polarization transformer for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees according to claim 1, wherein: the radiuses of the first cylinder (1), the second cylinder (2), the third cylinder (3) and the fourth cylinder (4) are all 0.5mm.
3. The polarization transformer for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees according to claim 2, wherein: the total height of the first column body (1), the second column body (2), the third column body (3) and the fourth column body (4), namely the height in the z direction, is 11.2mm, and the length of the vertical section in each column body is the same as the length of the transverse section plus the rear section, and is 11mm.
4. A polarization transformer for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees according to claim 3, wherein: the metal floor board (6) is a copper metal floor board, and the volume is 20mm by 2mm.
5. The polarization transformer for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees according to claim 4, wherein: the insulator teflon (5) has a relative dielectric constant of 2.1, an outer radius of 1mm, an inner radius of 0.5mm and a height of 2mm.
6. The polarization transformer for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees according to claim 5, wherein: each resonant cell (a) occupies only a volume of 20mm by 11.2 mm.
7. The polarization transformer for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees according to claim 6, wherein: the parameters of the resonance unit (A) can be adjusted, and the resonance frequency and the working frequency point can be adjusted.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811464845.0A CN109361067B (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | Polarization converter for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811464845.0A CN109361067B (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | Polarization converter for deflecting electromagnetic wave polarization in any direction by 90 degrees |
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| CN109361067A CN109361067A (en) | 2019-02-19 |
| CN109361067B true CN109361067B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109742553B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-07-31 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | Double-frequency-band linear-circular polarization converter based on electromagnetic induction transparent effect |
| CN111403921A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-07-10 | 南京信息工程大学 | Linear polarized wave arbitrary polarization angle converter |
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