CN109355477B

CN109355477B - Annealing device and annealing method

Info

Publication number: CN109355477B
Application number: CN201811260990.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 项安华
Original assignee: Zhejiang Xingyikang Copper Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Xingyikang Copper Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-10-26
Filing date: 2018-10-26
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-26
Also published as: CN109355477A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material annealing, in particular to an annealing device which comprises a box body, wherein a box door is hinged to one side of the box body, a handle is arranged outside the box door, a base is welded at the bottom of the box body, a control cabinet is fixedly arranged on one side outside the box body, a temperature detector is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the inner side of the box body, heating plates are fixedly arranged on two sides inside the box body, a fixing mechanism is arranged between the box body and the box door, two groups of sliding mechanisms are arranged at the lower end of the inner side of the box body, a circular groove is formed in the middle of the upper end of a supporting plate, two groups of rotating mechanisms are arranged at the bottom. The invention has stable structure and convenient operation, can effectively reduce the hardness and improve the cutting processability; eliminating residual stress, stabilizing size and reducing deformation and crack tendency.

Description

Annealing device and annealing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of material annealing, in particular to an annealing device and an annealing method.

Background

Annealing is a heat treatment process for metals, which refers to slowly heating the metal to a certain temperature, holding for a sufficient time, and then cooling at a suitable rate. The purpose is to reduce hardness and improve machinability; the residual stress is eliminated, the size is stabilized, and the deformation and crack tendency is reduced; refining grains, adjusting the structure and eliminating the structure defects. Specifically, annealing is a heat treatment process for materials, including metallic materials and non-metallic materials. And the annealing purpose of the new material is different from that of the traditional metal annealing.

The annealing device in the existing market is large in size, complex in operation and difficult in loading and unloading raw materials, and cannot stably clamp steel pipes, copper wires, copper strips and steel sheets, so that the annealing effect is influenced, the physical properties of the interior of a processed material cannot meet the expected requirements, and the annealing device is not favorable for popularization.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an annealing device and an annealing method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an annealing device, the power distribution box comprises a box body, box one side articulates there is the chamber door, and chamber door externally mounted has the handle, the welding of bottom half has the base, box outside one side fixed mounting has the switch board, box inboard upper end mid-mounting has temperature detector, the inside both sides fixed mounting of box has the hot plate, be provided with fixed establishment between box and the chamber door, box inboard lower extreme is provided with two sets of slide mechanism, and slides through two sets of slide mechanism and be provided with the backup pad, circular recess has been seted up at backup pad upper end middle part, circular recess inboard bottom is provided with two sets of slewing mechanism, and is connected with the plectane through two sets of slewing mechanism, plectane and circular recess clearance fit, the plectane upper end outside is provided with two.

Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises a second connecting plate arranged on one side of the box door and a first connecting plate arranged on the upper end of one side of the box body, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are arranged in the same mode, and the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate are connected through bolts.

Preferably, the sliding mechanism comprises a sliding groove formed in the bottom of the inner side of the box body and a sliding block connected to one side of the lower end of the supporting plate, the sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove in a sliding mode, and the sliding groove is in clearance fit with the sliding block.

Preferably, the rotating mechanism comprises an annular groove formed in the lower end of the circular groove and a T-shaped block connected to the lower end of the circular plate, the annular groove is T-shaped, the T-shaped block is slidably arranged in the annular groove, and the annular groove is in clearance fit with the T-shaped block.

Preferably, fixture includes the straight board of fixed mounting in plectane upper end one side and installs the fixed block in the plectane upper end, and fixed block and straight board be with same vertical plane in, the circular port has been seted up at straight board one side middle part, the fixed block is provided with the baffle before with straight board, the middle part horizontal installation that the baffle is close to straight board one side has the round bar, and round bar one end extends to in the circular port, and circular port and round bar clearance fit, the opposite side complex of baffle bonds and has the protection pad, be connected with reset spring between the middle part of baffle middle part and straight board, and reset spring is located the outside of round bar.

Preferably, heat dissipation mechanism includes the radiator of fixed mounting in the inside one side upper end of box, square groove has been seted up to the equal level in both ends about the radiator, square inslot all slides and is provided with the traveller, and traveller and square groove clearance fit, the other end of traveller is connected with the slide, and the size of slide is greater than the size of radiator.

Preferably, the lower end of the base is provided with a transverse groove and a vertical groove, the vertical groove and the transverse groove are the same in width, and the transverse groove and the vertical groove are arranged in a crossed manner.

Preferably, two columns are fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the circular plate.

The invention also provides an annealing method, which comprises the following steps:

s1, clamping the material to be processed in the device, heating the interior of the box body through a heating plate, heating to 550-650 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h and keeping the temperature for 2-4 h;

s2, stopping continuously heating the heating plate after S1 is finished, and naturally cooling the raw materials to 450-500 ℃ along with the box body;

s3, after S2 is completed, the sliding plate is opened, the radiator is started, the raw materials are fully contacted with the air for cooling, and the temperature is cooled to 180-210 ℃;

s4, after S3 is completed, the radiator is closed, the heating plate is electrified and is continuously heated, the raw material is heated to 240 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-3h, and then the raw material is cooled to room temperature in the air.

The annealing device and the annealing method provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that: the annealing device and the annealing method have the advantages of simple structure, convenience and quickness in operation, accuracy in temperature control and high safety, and can effectively reduce the hardness and improve the cutting processability; the residual stress is eliminated, the size is stabilized, and the deformation and crack tendency is reduced; the crystal grains are refined, the structure is adjusted, and the structure defects are eliminated, so the method is favorable for popularization.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of an annealing apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of an annealing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the clamping mechanism of the annealing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the rotating mechanism of the annealing device according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a base bottom of an annealing device according to the present invention.

In the figure: the box door comprises a box door 1, a radiator 2, a clamping mechanism 3, a straight plate 31, a circular hole 32, a return spring 33, a round rod 34, a baffle 35, a protective pad 36, a fixed block 37, an annular groove 41, a T-shaped block 42, a column 5, a round plate 6, a round groove 7, a sliding groove 8, a sliding block 9, a vertical groove 10, a square groove 11, a temperature detector 12, a sliding plate 13, a control cabinet 14, a heating plate 15, a box body 16, a base 17, a supporting plate 18, a sliding column 19, a first connecting plate 20, a second connecting plate 21, a bolt 22, a handle 23 and a transverse groove 24.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-5, an annealing device, including box 16, box 16 one side articulates there is

chamber door

1, 1 externally mounted of chamber door has handle 23, box 16 bottom welding has base 17, the cross slot 24 and perpendicular groove 10 have been seted up to base 17 lower extreme, it is the same with the width of cross slot 24 to erect groove 10, and cross slot 24 and perpendicular groove 10 are the cross arrangement, erect the design of groove 10 and cross slot 24, when can improving the drainage ability of base 17 lower extreme, also can improve the holistic stability of device, handle 23 can be convenient for operating personnel to open chamber door 1 simultaneously.

16 outside one side fixed mounting of box has switch

board

14, 16 inboard upper end mid-mounting of box has

temperature detector

12, 16 inside both sides fixed mounting of box has heating plate 15, realize electric connection between temperature detector 12 and the switch board 14, temperature detector 12 gives switch board 14 with the inside temperature data transmission of box 16, thereby make operating personnel can real-time know the inside temperature variation condition of box 16 through switch board 14, realize electric connection between heating plate 15 and the switch board 14, thereby switch board 14 can control the heating of heating plate 15.

Be provided with fixed establishment between box 16 and chamber door 1, fixed establishment is including installing the second connecting plate 21 and the first connecting plate 20 of box 16 one side upper end in chamber door 1 one side, and first connecting plate 20 and second connecting plate 21 are the same setting, be connected through bolt 22 between second connecting plate 21 and the first connecting plate 20, through this design, can make the inside airtight space of limit that keeps with the external world of box 16, avoid thermal loss, and be connected through bolt 22 between second connecting plate 21 and the first connecting plate 20, avoid the dangerous situation that 16 internal pressure increases and pop out chamber door 1 of box, thereby the holistic security of device has been improved.

The inboard lower extreme of box 16 is provided with two sets of slide mechanism, and slide through two sets of slide mechanism and be provided with backup pad 18, slide mechanism is including seting up at the spout 8 of the inboard bottom of box 16 and connecting the slider 9 in backup pad 18 lower extreme one side, slider 9 slides and sets up in spout 8, and spout 8 and slider 9 clearance fit, slide through slider 9 and set up in spout 8, make after loading and unloading raw and other materials, backup pad 18 can remove in the inside of box 16, and spout 8 and slider 9 clearance fit, make the position of backup pad 18 limited.

Circular recess 7 has been seted up at backup pad 18 upper end middle part, circular recess 7 inboard bottom is provided with two sets of slewing mechanism 4, and be connected with plectane 6 through two sets of slewing mechanism 4, slewing mechanism 4 is including seting up ring channel 41 and the T type piece 42 of connection at plectane 6 lower extreme at circular recess 7 lower extreme, and ring channel 41 is the T type, T type piece 42 slides and sets up in ring channel 41, and ring channel 41 and T type piece 42 clearance fit, slide through T type piece 42 and set up in ring channel 41, make plectane 6 can rotate in circular recess 7, and still keep stable state when the pivoted, plectane 6 pivoted advantage lies in, can make when loading and unloading the material, rely on the rotation of plectane 6, improve the loading and unloading speed of raw and other materials, thereby work efficiency has been improved.

The circular plate 6 is in clearance fit with the circular groove 7, two groups of clamping mechanisms 3 are arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the circular plate 6, each clamping mechanism 3 comprises a straight plate 31 fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the circular plate 6 and a fixing block 37 installed on the upper end of the circular plate 6, the fixing block 37 and the straight plate 31 are in the same vertical plane, a circular hole 32 is formed in the middle of one side of the straight plate 31, a baffle 35 is arranged in front of the fixing block 37 and the straight plate 31, a circular rod 34 is horizontally installed in the middle of one side of the baffle 35 close to the straight plate 31, one end of the circular rod 34 extends into the circular hole 32, the circular hole 32 is in clearance fit with the circular rod 34, a protective pad 36 is compositely bonded on the other side of the baffle 35, a reset spring 33 is connected between the middle of the baffle 35 and the middle of the straight plate 31, the reset spring 33 is located on the outer side of the circular rod 34, can move the position of baffle 35 through reset spring 33, with copper wire, copper strips, short type steel pipe and steel water pipe centre gripping between baffle 35 and fixed block 37, two cylinders 5 can carry out spacing effect to raw and other materials simultaneously, and protection pad 36 can effectual reduction to the friction on raw and other materials surface, through this design, can effectual improvement device to the stability of raw and other materials centre gripping, has improved raw and other materials simultaneously and has added the stability man-hour.

Inside one side upper end of box 16 still is provided with heat dissipation mechanism, heat dissipation mechanism includes radiator 2 of fixed mounting in the inside one side upper end of box 16, square groove 11 has been seted up to the equal level in both ends about radiator 2, it is provided with traveller 19 all to slide in square groove 11, and traveller 19 and square groove 11 clearance fit, the other end of traveller 19 is connected with slide 13, and slide 13's size is greater than radiator 2's size, slide 13 slides through traveller 19 and sets up in square groove 11, thereby make radiator 2 can in time dispel the heat to the inside heat of box 16, the method of cooperation annealing, make raw and other materials satisfy the requirement of temperature rapid change in annealing, the effect to raw and other materials annealing has been improved.

Example 1

s1, clamping the material to be processed in the device, heating the interior of the box body 16 through the heating plate 15, heating to 550 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/h, and then preserving heat for 2 h;

s2, stopping continuously heating the heating plate 15 after S1 is finished, and naturally cooling the raw materials to 450 ℃ along with the box body 16;

s3, after S2 is completed, the sliding plate 13 is opened, the radiator 2 is started, and the raw materials are fully contacted with air to be cooled to 180 ℃;

s4, after S3 is completed, the radiator 2 is closed, the heating plate 15 is electrified and continuously heated, the raw materials are heated to 220 ℃, heat is preserved for 1 hour, and then the raw materials are cooled to room temperature in the air.

Example 2

S1, clamping the material to be processed in the device, heating the interior of the box body 16 through the heating plate 15, heating to 600 ℃ at the speed of 110 ℃/h, and then preserving heat for 3 h;

s2, stopping continuously heating the heating plate 15 after S1 is finished, and naturally cooling the raw materials to 475 ℃ along with the box body 16;

s3, after S2 is completed, the sliding plate 13 is opened, the radiator 2 is started, and the raw materials are fully contacted with air to be cooled to 195 ℃;

s4, after S3 is completed, the radiator 2 is closed, the heating plate 15 is electrified and continuously heated, the raw materials are heated to 230 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2 hours, and then the raw materials are cooled to room temperature in the air.

Example 3

S1, clamping the material to be processed in the device, heating the interior of the box body 16 through the heating plate 15, heating to 650 ℃ at the speed of 120 ℃/h, and then preserving heat for 4 h;

s2, stopping continuously heating the heating plate 15 after S1 is finished, and naturally cooling the raw materials to 500 ℃ along with the box body 16;

s3, after S2 is completed, the sliding plate 13 is opened, the radiator 2 is started, and the raw materials are fully contacted with air to be cooled to 210 ℃;

s4, after S3 is completed, the radiator 2 is closed, the heating plate 15 is electrified and continuously heated, the raw materials are heated to 240 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3 hours, and then the raw materials are cooled to room temperature in the air.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The annealing device comprises a box body (16), wherein a box door (1) is hinged to one side of the box body (16), a handle (23) is arranged outside the box door (1), a base (17) is welded at the bottom of the box body (16), a control cabinet (14) is fixedly arranged on one side of the outside of the box body (16), a temperature detector (12) is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the inner side of the box body (16), heating plates (15) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the inner part of the box body (16), the annealing device is characterized in that a fixing mechanism is arranged between the box body (16) and the box door (1), two sets of sliding mechanisms are arranged at the lower end of the inner side of the box body (16), a supporting plate (18) is arranged in a sliding mode through the two sets of sliding mechanisms, a circular groove (7) is, a circular plate (6) is connected through two groups of rotating mechanisms (4), the circular plate (6) is in clearance fit with the circular groove (7), two groups of clamping mechanisms (3) are arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the circular plate (6), and a heat dissipation mechanism is further arranged at the upper end of one side in the box body (16); the fixing mechanism comprises a second connecting plate (21) arranged on one side of the box door (1) and a first connecting plate (20) arranged at the upper end of one side of the box body (16), the first connecting plate (20) and the second connecting plate (21) are arranged in the same way, and the second connecting plate (21) is connected with the first connecting plate (20) through a bolt (22); the sliding mechanism comprises a sliding groove (8) formed in the bottom of the inner side of the box body (16) and a sliding block (9) connected to one side of the lower end of the supporting plate (18), the sliding block (9) is arranged in the sliding groove (8) in a sliding mode, and the sliding groove (8) is in clearance fit with the sliding block (9); the rotating mechanism (4) comprises an annular groove (41) formed in the lower end of the circular groove (7) and a T-shaped block (42) connected to the lower end of the circular plate (6), the annular groove (41) is T-shaped, the T-shaped block (42) is arranged in the annular groove (41) in a sliding mode, and the annular groove (41) is in clearance fit with the T-shaped block (42); the clamping mechanism (3) comprises a straight plate (31) fixedly arranged on one side of the upper end of the circular plate (6) and a fixed block (37) arranged on the upper end of the circular plate (6), the fixed block (37) and the straight plate (31) are in the same vertical plane, a circular hole (32) is arranged in the middle of one side of the straight plate (31), a baffle plate (35) is arranged in front of the fixed block (37) and the straight plate (31), the middle part of one side of the baffle (35) close to the straight plate (31) is horizontally provided with a round rod (34), one end of the round rod (34) extends into the round hole (32), and the round hole (32) is in clearance fit with the round rod (34), a protective pad (36) is compositely bonded on the other side of the baffle (35), a return spring (33) is connected between the middle part of the baffle (35) and the middle part of the straight plate (31), and the return spring (33) is positioned on the outer side of the round rod (34); the heat dissipation mechanism comprises a radiator (2) fixedly installed at the upper end of one side in the box body (16), square grooves (11) are horizontally formed in the upper end and the lower end of the radiator (2), sliding columns (19) are arranged in the square grooves (11) in a sliding mode, the sliding columns (19) are in clearance fit with the square grooves (11), sliding plates (13) are connected to the other ends of the sliding columns (19), and the size of each sliding plate (13) is larger than that of the radiator (2); the lower end of the base (17) is provided with a transverse groove (24) and a vertical groove (10), the widths of the vertical groove (10) and the transverse groove (24) are the same, and the transverse groove (24) and the vertical groove (10) are arranged in a crossed manner; two columns (5) are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the circular plate (6);

the annealing method of the annealing device comprises the following steps:

s1, clamping the material to be processed in the device, heating the interior of the box body (16) through the heating plate (15), heating to 550-650 ℃ at the speed of 100-120 ℃/h, and then preserving heat for 2-4 h;

s2, stopping the continuous heating of the heating plate (15) after the S1 is finished, and naturally cooling the raw material to 450-500 ℃ along with the box body (16);

s3, after S2 is completed, the sliding plate (13) is opened, the radiator (2) is started, and the raw materials are fully contacted with air for cooling, so that the temperature is cooled to 180-210 ℃;

s4, after S3 is completed, the radiator (2) is closed, the heating plate (15) is electrified and is heated continuously, the raw material is heated to the temperature of 220-240 ℃, and then the temperature is kept for 1-3h, and the raw material is cooled to the room temperature in the air.