CN109349239B - Method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable garden by using bow-backed ants - Google Patents

Method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable garden by using bow-backed ants Download PDF

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CN109349239B
CN109349239B CN201811556423.6A CN201811556423A CN109349239B CN 109349239 B CN109349239 B CN 109349239B CN 201811556423 A CN201811556423 A CN 201811556423A CN 109349239 B CN109349239 B CN 109349239B
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bow
ants
feed
backed
harmful insects
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CN109349239A (en
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王怡嵘
王孝松
王传叶
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Anhui Zungui Modern Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Zungui Modern Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants

Abstract

A method for preventing and treating harmful insects in fruit and vegetable garden by using bow-backed ants comprises feeding bow-backed ants, feeding and domesticating, stopping feeding the bow-backed ants within 72h after the feeding and domesticating is finished, throwing living harmful insects into a container every day after 72h, and continuously throwing for 15-60 days; the predated and domesticated bow-back ants are transplanted into a garden for preventing and controlling harmful insects; after the bow-back ants move into the garden, the density of the bow-back ants is kept to be 20-50 pieces/m2(ii) a After fruits and vegetables in the garden are harvested, traps are arranged in the garden, and bow-back ants are trapped and recovered by placing bow-back ant feed in the traps. According to the method, the purplegia bow is artificially intervened and domesticated, so that the purpose of preventing and treating the harmful insects in the fruit and vegetable garden by the purplegia bow is achieved.

Description

Method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable garden by using bow-backed ants
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in a fruit and vegetable garden by using bow-backed ants, belonging to the technical field of plant protection.
Background
Bologna, also known as Formica fusca or carpenter ant, is a generic name for species of Formica fusca of the Antoideae, Hymenoptera. Most varieties of the bow-backed ants are black, so that the bow-backed ants are commonly called black ants in many places in China.
The bow-back ant is a large member in ant family, the size of worker ant is 3cm at most, and the maximum size of worker ant is 3.5cm after ant is produced.
Bowdor ants nest in wet places, prefer to dig trees that have been damaged by water, bite into the wood and form channels through which foraging, migration, etc. takes place.
The food of the bow-backed ants is small insects, honeydew, plant secretion and the like, has strong predation capacity on the pine moth, and most bow-backed ants like searching food and water at night.
The bow-backed ants are distributed widely, and are distributed in the whole world, Europe, Siberian region, Japan, Korea and southeast Asia.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in a fruit and vegetable garden by using bow-backed ants.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable gardens by using bow-backed ants is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: raising of bow-backed ants
Placing the captured bow-backed ants in a container with the height of 0.8-1.2m for feeding for 5-10 days, and covering the opening of the container with a window screen or gauze to prevent the bow-backed ants from escaping; a clapboard is arranged at the high position of the container, which is 30-45cm away from the bottom, and a feeding basin for containing the feed of the bow-backed ants is placed on the clapboard;
the second step is that: food calling domestication
Feeding the bow-backed ants with the mixture of the feed for the bow-backed ants and the feed for attracting food within 25-30 days, wherein the dosage of the feed for the bow-backed ants is gradually reduced until the dosage is zero and the dosage of the feed for attracting food is gradually increased along with the passage of time; the food calling feed is at least one of insect eggs of the harmful insects and corpses of the harmful insects;
the third step: prey domestication
Stopping feeding the bow-backed ants within 72 hours after the operation of the second step is finished, and continuously feeding living harmful insects into the container for 15-60 days after 72 hours;
the fourth step: group shifting and field management of bow-backed ants
The burdodor ants after the predation and domestication obtained in the third step are grouped and moved into a garden for preventing and controlling harmful insects; after the bow-back ants move into the garden, the density of the bow-back ants is kept to be 20-50 pieces/m2
The fifth step: is caught after harvesting
After fruits and vegetables in the garden are harvested, traps are arranged in the garden, and bow-back ants are trapped and recovered by placing bow-back ant feed in the traps.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: and dry sandy soil, leaves or a mixture of the dry sandy soil and the leaves with the thickness of 10-15cm are paved at the bottom of the container.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the sandy soil and the leaves are aired before being laid, so that the water content of the sandy soil and the leaves is lower than 15%.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the feed for the bow-backed ants is at least one of sugar water, honey and molasses.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the living harmful insect is at least one of cowpod borer, aphid and ladybug.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: in the second step, the acclimation time is divided into five stages within 25-30 days; in the first stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 4: 1; in the second stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 3: 2; in the third stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 2: 3; the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food in the fourth stage is 1: 4; and in the fifth stage, all the feed is food calling feed.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the method, the purplegia bow is artificially intervened and domesticated, so that the purpose of preventing and treating the harmful insects in the fruit and vegetable garden by the purplegia bow is achieved.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
In describing the preferred embodiments, specific terminology may be employed for the sake of clarity; however, it is not intended that the disclosure herein be limited to the specific terminology so selected; and it is to be understood that each specific element includes all equivalent techniques that perform the same function, operate in a similar manner, and achieve a similar result.
The first embodiment is as follows: method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable garden by using bow-backed ants
A method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable gardens by using bow-backed ants comprises the following technical steps.
(1) Collecting and raising Bodorus arcus
Selecting a root or rotten wood area where the bow-backed ants usually appear, and pouring sufficient clear water in dry weather to suddenly improve the humidity of the roots, the rotten wood, soil and the like in the area so as to force the ant colony to move to the nest. Then a plurality of cylindrical traps with larger height-diameter are arranged at the edge of the area, and a small amount of sugar water or honey is dripped at the bottom of the traps. After 20h, the traps were collected to catch the migratory dorsum arcus. The area is preferably 10m2. The trap can be a clean wooden barrel, a bamboo barrel, a plastic barrel or a metal barrel.
Placing the captured bow-backed ants into a jar with the height of 1m, paving dry sandy soil, leaves and the like with the thickness of 12cm at the bottom, and covering a window screen or gauze on the mouth of the jar to prevent the bow-backed ants from escaping; a partition board is arranged at the position 40cm away from the upper side of the tank bottom, and the food basin is placed on the partition board to keep the partition board sanitary and tidy; a fixed amount of feed for the bow-back ants was added to the feeding tray at a fixed time each day. The dry sandy soil and the leaves are dried before use, so that the water content of the dry sandy soil and the leaves is 15%, and meanwhile, no macroscopic polyps, mildew spots and fungus blocks exist. The feed for the bow-backed ants is one or more of sugar water, honey and molasses. The bowdorn ants can climb into the feeding basin to take food.
(2) Food calling domestication
After the bow-backed ants are cultured in the tank for 8 days, the ant colony can be subjected to food calling domestication, wherein the domestication is divided into 5 stages, each stage is 5 days, and the domestication time is 25 days in total.
In the first stage, 20% of the feed of the bow-backed ants is replaced by the food calling feed; in the second stage, 40% of the feed of the bow-backed ants is replaced by the food calling feed; in the third stage, 60% of feed of the bow-backed ants is replaced by food calling feed; in the fourth stage, 80% of feed of the bow-backed ants is replaced by food calling feed; in the fifth stage, the whole feed of the bow-backed ants is replaced with a phagostimulant feed. The food calling feed is harmful insect eggs, insect corpses and the like.
(3) Prey domestication
After the bow-back feeding-inducing domestication is finished, the ant colony can be subjected to feeding domestication. Stopping feeding any feed to the bow-backed ant colony within 72 hours after the predation domestication begins; after 72h, a certain amount of living harmful insects are thrown into the feeding cylinder every day to force the ant colony to kill and eat the insects. The living harmful insects are one or more of cowpod borers, aphids and ladybug. The time of predation and domestication can be 50 days, and the ant colony can be moved into a garden at any time during the period, so as to be used for preventing and controlling harmful insects.
(4) Group shifting and field management of bow-backed ants
Preying the domesticated bowback ants, and then moving the bowback ants in groups into a garden for preventing and controlling harmful insects; after the bow-back ants move into the garden, the density of the ant colony is kept to be 30/m2
Observing the behavior of the ants after the bow-backed ants move, and putting a small amount of bow-backed ant feed in a fruit and vegetable garden if the ants bite fruit and vegetable seedlings, leaves and the like; if the insect situation of the harmful insects is not effectively controlled, the transfer of the ant colony can be properly increased, and the density of the ant colony is improved.
(5) Is caught after harvesting
After every stubble or every season of fruits and vegetables are harvested, a certain number of traps can be arranged in the garden, a small amount of molasses, honey, sugar water and the like are placed in the traps, and the bow-back ants are trapped and recovered. The caught bow-back ants are continuously kept in the jar for the next use for preventing insects.
Example two: method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable garden by using bow-backed ants
A method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable gardens by using bow-backed ants is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: raising of bow-backed ants
Placing the captured bow-backed ants in a container with the height of 0.8m for feeding for 5 days, and covering the opening of the container with a window screen or gauze to prevent the bow-backed ants from escaping; a clapboard is arranged at the high position of the container, which is 30cm away from the bottom, and a feeding basin for containing the feed of the bow-backed ants is placed on the clapboard;
the second step is that: food calling domestication
Feeding the bow-backed ants with the mixture of the feed for the bow-backed ants and the feed for attracting the food within 28 days, wherein the dosage of the feed for the bow-backed ants is gradually reduced until the dosage is zero and the dosage of the feed for attracting the food is gradually increased along with the passage of time; the food calling feed is at least one of insect eggs of the harmful insects and corpses of the harmful insects;
the third step: prey domestication
Stopping feeding the bow-backed ants within 72 hours after the operation of the second step is finished, and continuously feeding living harmful insects into the container for 15 days after 72 hours;
the fourth step: group shifting and field management of bow-backed ants
The burdodor ants after the predation and domestication obtained in the third step are grouped and moved into a garden for preventing and controlling harmful insects; after the bow-back ants move into the garden, the density of the bow-back ants is kept to be 20/m2
The fifth step: is caught after harvesting
After fruits and vegetables in the garden are harvested, traps are arranged in the garden, and bow-back ants are trapped and recovered by placing bow-back ant feed in the traps.
The preferred embodiment is: and dry sand, leaves or a mixture of the dry sand and the leaves with the thickness of 10cm are paved at the bottom of the container.
The preferred embodiment is: the sandy soil and the leaves are aired before being laid, so that the water content of the sandy soil and the leaves is 12%.
The preferred embodiment is: the feed for the bow-backed ants is at least one of sugar water, honey and molasses. This embodiment is specifically a sugar water.
The preferred embodiment is: the living harmful insect is at least one of cowpod borer, aphid and ladybug. This example is specifically cowpod borer
The preferred embodiment is: in the second step, the acclimation time is 28 days and divided into five stages; in the first stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 4: 1; in the second stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 3: 2; in the third stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 2: 3; the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food in the fourth stage is 1: 4; and in the fifth stage, all the feed is food calling feed.
Example three: method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable garden by using bow-backed ants
A method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable gardens by using bow-backed ants is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: raising of bow-backed ants
Placing the captured bow-backed ants in a container with the height of 1.2m for feeding for 10 days, and covering the opening of the container with a window screen or gauze to prevent the bow-backed ants from escaping; a partition plate is arranged at the high position of the container, which is 45cm away from the bottom of the container, and a feeding basin for containing the feed of the bow-backed ants is placed on the partition plate;
the second step is that: food calling domestication
Feeding the bow-backed ants with the mixture of the feed for the bow-backed ants and the feed for attracting the food within 30 days, wherein the dosage of the feed for the bow-backed ants is gradually reduced until the dosage is zero and the dosage of the feed for attracting the food is gradually increased along with the lapse of time; the food calling feed is insect eggs of the harmful insects and corpses of the harmful insects;
the third step: prey domestication
Stopping feeding the bow-backed ants within 72 hours after the operation of the second step is finished, and continuously feeding living harmful insects into the container for 60 days after 72 hours;
the fourth step: group shifting and field management of bow-backed ants
The burdodor ants after the predation and domestication obtained in the third step are grouped and moved into a garden for preventing and controlling harmful insects; after the bow-back ants move into the garden, the density of the bow-back ants is kept to be 50/m2
The fifth step: is caught after harvesting
After fruits and vegetables in the garden are harvested, traps are arranged in the garden, and bow-back ants are trapped and recovered by placing bow-back ant feed in the traps.
The preferred embodiment is: and dry sand, leaves or a mixture of the dry sand and the leaves with the thickness of 15cm are paved at the bottom of the container.
The preferred embodiment is: the sandy soil and the leaves are aired before being laid, so that the water content of the sandy soil and the leaves is 10%.
The preferred embodiment is: the feed for the bow-backed ants is at least one of sugar water, honey and molasses. This example is molasses.
The preferred embodiment is: the living harmful insect is at least one of cowpod borer, aphid and ladybug. This example is cowpod borer and aphid.
The preferred embodiment is: in the second step, the acclimation time is divided into five stages within 30 days; in the first stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 4: 1; in the second stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 3: 2; in the third stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 2: 3; the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food in the fourth stage is 1: 4; and in the fifth stage, all the feed is food calling feed.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof in any way, and any modifications or variations thereof that fall within the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope thereof.

Claims (6)

1. A method for preventing and controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable gardens by using bow-backed ants is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: raising of bow-backed ants
Placing the captured bow-backed ants in a container with the height of 0.8-1.2m for feeding for 5-10 days, and covering the opening of the container with a window screen or gauze to prevent the bow-backed ants from escaping; a clapboard is arranged at the high position of the container, which is 30-45cm away from the bottom, and a feeding basin for containing the feed of the bow-backed ants is placed on the clapboard;
the second step is that: food calling domestication
Feeding the bow-backed ants with the mixture of the feed for the bow-backed ants and the feed for attracting food within 25-30 days, wherein the dosage of the feed for the bow-backed ants is gradually reduced until the dosage is zero and the dosage of the feed for attracting food is gradually increased along with the passage of time; the food calling feed is at least one of insect eggs of the harmful insects and corpses of the harmful insects;
the third step: prey domestication
Stopping feeding the bow-backed ants within 72 hours after the operation of the second step is finished, and continuously feeding living harmful insects into the container for 15-60 days after 72 hours;
the fourth step: group shifting and field management of bow-backed ants
The burdodor ants after the predation and domestication obtained in the third step are grouped and moved into a garden for preventing and controlling harmful insects; after the bow-back ants move into the garden, the density of the bow-back ants is kept to be 20-50 pieces/m2
The fifth step: is caught after harvesting
After fruits and vegetables in the garden are harvested, traps are arranged in the garden, and bow-back ants are trapped and recovered by placing bow-back ant feed in the traps.
2. The method of controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable gardens using bow ants according to claim 1, wherein: and dry sandy soil, leaves or a mixture of the dry sandy soil and the leaves with the thickness of 10-15cm are paved at the bottom of the container.
3. The method of controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable gardens using bow ants according to claim 2, wherein: the sandy soil and the leaves are aired before being laid, so that the water content of the sandy soil and the leaves is lower than 15%.
4. The method of controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable gardens using bow ants according to claim 1, wherein: the feed for the bow-backed ants is at least one of sugar water, honey and molasses.
5. The method of controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable gardens using bow ants according to claim 1, wherein: the living harmful insect is at least one of cowpod borer, aphid and ladybug.
6. The method of controlling harmful insects in fruit and vegetable gardens using bow ants according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the acclimation time is divided into five stages within 25-30 days; in the first stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 4: 1; in the second stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 3: 2; in the third stage, the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food is 2: 3; the mass ratio of the feed for the bow-backed ants to the feed for attracting food in the fourth stage is 1: 4; and in the fifth stage, all the feed is food calling feed.
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