CN109346661A - Internal short-circuit triggers battery and battery internal short-circuit triggering method - Google Patents
Internal short-circuit triggers battery and battery internal short-circuit triggering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109346661A CN109346661A CN201811203104.7A CN201811203104A CN109346661A CN 109346661 A CN109346661 A CN 109346661A CN 201811203104 A CN201811203104 A CN 201811203104A CN 109346661 A CN109346661 A CN 109346661A
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- battery
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- obturator
- phase transformation
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 40
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 40
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UZTTYMBZDBUFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Au].[Fe] Chemical compound [C].[Au].[Fe] UZTTYMBZDBUFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
This application involves a kind of internal short-circuit triggering battery and battery internal short-circuit triggering method, the internal short-circuit triggering battery includes: shell (110), defines a storage space (120)；Anode electrode (130) is set to the storage space (120)；Negative electrode (140) is set to the storage space (120)；Internal short-circuit trigger element 150 (150) is set between the anode electrode (130) and the negative electrode (140), and the anode electrode (130) and the negative electrode (140) is isolated；The internal short-circuit trigger element (150) is set as to melt under preset temperature.The application is by manufacturing aperture on lithium ion battery separator matrix, and there is the phase transformation obturator of foam porosity in the covering of aperture position, on the basis of not destroyed to lithium ion battery integrality, phase transformation obturator is avoided to the issuable negative effect of inside battery lithium ion mobility, simulates the internal short-circuit phenomenon in actual battery working environment truly and effectively.
Description
Technical field
This application involves battery technology fields, more particularly to a kind of internal short-circuit triggering battery and battery internal short-circuit triggering side
Method.
Background technique
In face of the predicament of environmental pollution and energy crisis, new-energy automobile due to its development potentiality in energy-saving and emission-reduction,
It is gradually recognized and promotes.Wherein, pure electric automobile has obtained the dual affirmative in market and country, pure electric automobile in recent years
Generally use lithium ion battery.Lithium ion battery has many advantages, such as that energy density is high, has extended cycle life, and is current pure electric automobile
Indispensable energy source.
However, lithium ion battery is very easy to the phenomenon that internal short-circuit occur.On the one hand, as battery capacity increases and energy
The raising of density, the electrode material of battery is also increasingly thicker, and diaphragm is then more and more thinner, and battery is easy to appear analysis lithium when in use
Phenomenon leads to the generation of battery internal short-circuit phenomenon, battery catches fire is caused to explode, and threatens personal safety；On the other hand, electric car
When in use in case of collision accident, it is also possible to make lithium ion battery that mechanically deform occur, battery diaphragm be destroyed, to make
At internal short-circuit, lead to the generation of battery thermal runaway accident.Therefore, it is necessary to by triggering internal short-circuit phenomenon in lithium ion battery
Short circuit safety is assessed.
Currently, in traditional scheme, the method for lithium ion battery internal short-circuit phenomenon triggering mainly includes safety experiment and replace
Generation experiment.
Safety experiment, including needle thorn, the methods of squeeze, it is that one kind by mechanically deform makes membrane ruptures cause internal short-circuit
Experimental method.The major defect of this experiment is: can only represent the internal short-circuit phenomenon by external trigger type, have limitation
Property, deviate truth.Because internal short-circuit phenomenon when actually occurring, not only only passes through mechanically deform from external trigger
Type further includes internal trigger type.
Substitution experiment is then a kind of by being implanted into temperature or other controlled members in inside battery, is triggered by external condition
The experimental method of internal short-circuit.Substitution experiment can more accurately control internal short-circuit type, size and level.However, substitution experiment is deposited
In a fatal defects: after inside battery is implanted into the excessive controlled member of volume, area, when lithium ion battery charge and discharge
When, controlled member will affect the current distribution of inside battery, hinder lithium ion mobility process, make the electricity for contacting controlled member part
Pole material cannot achieve normally de- lithium and embedding lithium.At this point, if carrying out the lithium ion battery internal short-circuit triggering under full electrical phenomena
It tests, the negative electrode material in inside battery internal short-circuit circuit is not in completely embedding lithium phenomenon, this can seriously affect the accurate of experiment
Degree makes the internal short-circuit pyroelecthc properties of measurement deviate truth.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of triggering method of internal short-circuit triggering battery and battery internal short-circuit, so that internal short-circuit phenomenon
In triggering, internal trigger type internal short-circuit phenomenon can be not only represented, but also will not influence anode electrode material and/or cathode
Electrode material normally takes off lithium and process of intercalation.
Apply for content
Based on this, it is necessary to for traditional scheme when triggering battery internal short-circuit phenomenon to lithium ion battery plus-negative plate material
De- lithium and process of intercalation have an impact the problem for leading to experimental data inaccuracy, provide a kind of battery internal short-circuit triggering battery with it is electric
Pond internal short-circuit triggering method.
A kind of battery internal short-circuit triggering battery, comprising: shell defines a storage space；
Anode electrode is set to the storage space；
Negative electrode is set to the storage space；
Internal short-circuit trigger element is set between the anode electrode and the negative electrode, and the anode electrode is isolated
With the negative electrode；
The internal short-circuit trigger element is set as to melt under preset temperature.
Above-mentioned battery internal short-circuit triggers battery, by the way that internal short-circuit trigger element is arranged in lithium ion battery, not to lithium
On the basis of ion battery integrality is destroyed, it is issuable to inside battery lithium ion mobility to avoid phase transformation obturator
Negative effect, simulates the internal short-circuit phenomenon in actual battery working environment truly and effectively.
In one embodiment, the anode electrode includes: plus plate current-collecting body；And
Positive electrode material coated in the plus plate current-collecting body surface, the positive electrode material are coated in the anode
Collector is close to the surface of the internal short-circuit trigger element；
The negative electrode includes: negative current collector；And
Negative electrode material coated in the negative current collector surface, the negative electrode material are coated in the cathode
Collector is close to the surface of the internal short-circuit trigger element；
The internal short-circuit trigger element is set between the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material, and institute is isolated
State positive electrode material and the negative electrode material.
In one embodiment, the internal short-circuit trigger element includes:
Diaphragm matrix, the diaphragm matrix offer through-hole；
Phase transformation obturator is attached at the surface of the diaphragm matrix and the covering through-hole.
In one embodiment, the through-hole is circle, and the phase transformation obturator is sheet, the phase transformation obturator
Bottom surface covers the through-hole.
In one embodiment, the bottom surface of the phase transformation obturator is circle, the basal diameter of the phase transformation obturator
Greater than the diameter of the through-hole.
In one embodiment, the phase transformation obturator has foam porosity.
In one embodiment, the phase transformation obturator is set as to melt under the preset temperature, described pre-
If temperature is located in 40 degree Celsius of -100 degree Celsius range.
In one embodiment, the phase transformation obturator is fixed in the diaphragm matrix by battery terminal adhesive tape,
So that the phase transformation obturator is attached at the surface of the diaphragm matrix and the covering through-hole.
Above-mentioned battery internal short-circuit triggers battery, by manufacturing aperture on lithium ion battery separator matrix, and in aperture position
Setting covering, there is the phase transformation obturator of foam porosity to keep away on the basis of not destroying to lithium ion battery integrality
Exempt from phase transformation obturator to the issuable negative effect of inside battery lithium ion mobility, simulates actual battery truly and effectively
Internal short-circuit phenomenon in working environment.
A kind of battery internal short-circuit triggering method, the internal short-circuit referred to applied to above content trigger battery, comprising:
Obtain the battery battery core in battery；
The diaphragm matrix in the battery battery core is cut, at least one through-hole is generated；
Process at least one phase transformation obturator, and by the surface for being attached at the diaphragm matrix of the phase transformation obturator and
Cover the through-hole；
The battery battery core is again wrapped around or lamination, the internal short-circuit triggering battery is packaged into；
To internal short-circuit triggering battery charging；
To the internal short-circuit triggering battery heating after charging, heating temperature is the fusing point of the phase transformation obturator；
Whether the temperature data and voltage data for measuring the internal short-circuit triggering battery judge the internal short-circuit triggering battery
Trigger internal short-circuit phenomenon.
In one embodiment, the diaphragm matrix in the cutting battery battery core, generates at least one through-hole
Step further include:
Part corresponding with lead to the hole site anode electrode in the battery battery core is wiped using N-Methyl pyrrolidone
Material and/or part negative electrode material.
Above-mentioned battery internal short-circuit triggering method makes it generate through-hole, setting by the diaphragm matrix in cutting battery battery core
Phase transformation obturator attaches the surface of the diaphragm matrix, and the phase transformation obturator is made to cover the through-hole, short in encapsulation
Road is charged after triggering battery to the internal short-circuit triggering battery after encapsulation and heating, realizes the generation of internal short-circuit triggering phenomenon,
On the basis of not destroying to lithium ion battery integrality, avoiding phase transformation obturator can to inside battery lithium ion mobility
The negative effect that can be generated, simulates the internal short-circuit phenomenon in actual battery working environment truly and effectively.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the internal short-circuit provided in one embodiment of the application triggers the structural schematic diagram of battery；
Fig. 2 is that the internal short-circuit provided in one embodiment of the application triggers the structural schematic diagram of battery；
Fig. 3 is the microstructure signal that the battery internal short-circuit provided in one embodiment of the application triggers phase transformation obturator in pond
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of the battery internal short-circuit triggering method provided in one embodiment of the application.
Appended drawing reference:
100 battery battery cores
110 shells
120 storage spaces
130 anode electrodes
131 plus plate current-collecting bodies
132 positive electrode materials
140 negative electrodes
141 negative current collectors
142 negative electrode materials
150 internal short-circuit trigger elements
151 diaphragm matrixes
152 through-holes
153 phase transformation obturators
Specific embodiment
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The application provides a kind of internal short-circuit triggering battery and battery internal short-circuit triggering method.
It should be noted that internal short-circuit triggering battery provided by the present application and battery internal short-circuit triggering method do not limit battery
Type and triggering scene.The type of any battery and triggering scene can be used internal short-circuit triggering battery provided by the present application with
Battery internal short-circuit triggering method.Optionally, the battery variety of internal short-circuit triggering battery provided by the present application is lithium ion battery.
The internal short-circuit triggering battery can be applied to commenting for battery internal short-circuit safety with battery internal short-circuit triggering method
Estimate, instructs one of the design of battery and research and development and battery internal short-circuit mechanism study or a variety of.
As shown in Figure 1, providing a kind of internal short-circuit triggering battery in the embodiment of the application.
The internal short-circuit triggering battery includes shell 110, anode electrode 130, negative electrode 140 and internal short-circuit trigger element
150.In the embodiment of the application, the part that above-mentioned internal short-circuit triggering battery includes is that the internal short-circuit triggers electricity in battery
The component part of pond battery core 100.
In the embodiment of the application, the internal short-circuit triggering battery is chargeable lithium ion battery.It is described interior short
It includes the battery battery core 100 and protection circuit plate that battery is triggered on road.The battery battery core 100 is that the internal short-circuit triggers battery
Core in normal use process.The battery battery core 100 is the storage unit of the internal short-circuit triggering battery.It is described
The quality of battery battery core 100 directly determines the quality of the internal short-circuit triggering battery.
The battery battery core 100 includes shell 110, anode electrode 130, negative electrode 140 and internal short-circuit trigger element
150.The battery battery core 100 is encapsulated into the complete internal short-circuit by way of winding or lamination and triggers battery.
In the embodiment of the application, the shell 110 defines a storage space 120.The shell 110
Material can be aluminium alloy, one of iron-carbon alloy and polymer.The polymer can be aluminum plastic film.
In new-energy automobile field, the battery battery core 100 is using the materials variances of the shell 110 as lithium ion battery
Classification standard.The battery battery core 100 divides for aluminum hull battery core, soft pack cell and cylindrical electrical core.The aluminum hull battery core it is described
The material of shell 110 is aluminium alloy.The soft pack cell is also known as polymer battery core.The shell 110 of the soft pack cell
Material be polymer.The polymer can be aluminum plastic film.The material of the shell 110 of the cylindrical electrical core is the conjunction of iron carbon
Gold.The iron-carbon alloy can be steel.
In the embodiment of the application, the anode electrode 130 is set to the storage space 120.The negative electricity
Pole 140 is set to the storage space 120.
In the embodiment of the application, the internal short-circuit trigger element 150 is set to the anode electrode 130 and described
Between negative electrode 140.The anode electrode 130 and the negative electrode 140 is isolated in the internal short-circuit trigger element 150.
In the embodiment of the application, the internal short-circuit trigger element 150 is set as to melt under preset temperature.
The preset temperature, that is, 150 material of internal short-circuit trigger element fusing point.
When internal short-circuit triggering battery is under normal temperature state, the internal short-circuit trigger element 150 is risen described in isolation
The effect of anode electrode 130 and the negative electrode 140.The internal short-circuit triggers normal battery operation, charging and discharging at this time.
When internal short-circuit triggering battery is under the condition of high temperature (in the preset temperature state), the internal short-circuit touching
It sends out element 150 to melt, so that the anode electrode 130 is directly contacted with the negative electrode 140, and then plays triggering internal short-circuit
The effect of phenomenon.
Above-mentioned internal short-circuit triggers battery, by the way that internal short-circuit trigger element 150 is arranged in lithium ion battery, not to lithium from
On the basis of sub- cell integrity is destroyed, avoid phase transformation obturator 153 to inside battery lithium ion mobility there may be
Negative effect, simulate the internal short-circuit phenomenon in actual battery working environment truly and effectively.
In the embodiment of the application, the anode electrode 130 includes plus plate current-collecting body 131 and positive electrode material
132。
In the embodiment of the application, the material of the plus plate current-collecting body 131 can be aluminium.The plus plate current-collecting body
131 can be aluminium flake or aluminium foil.The positive electrode material 132 can be nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material.
The positive electrode material 132 is coated in the surface of the plus plate current-collecting body 131.Specifically, the anode electrode
Material 132 is coated in the plus plate current-collecting body 131 close to the surface of the internal short-circuit trigger element 150.
In the embodiment of the application, the negative electrode 140 includes negative current collector 141 and negative electrode material
142.The negative electrode material 142 can be graphite.
In the embodiment of the application, the material of the negative current collector 141 can be copper.The negative current collector
141 can be copper sheet or copper foil, and the material and 141 material of the negative current collector of the plus plate current-collecting body 131 need to have excellent
Good electric conductivity, and there is certain ductility.Aluminium and copper not only conform to above-mentioned requirements, moreover, copper and aluminium member in the earth's crust
Plain is resourceful, and aluminium and copper processing are relatively cheap.Material and institute using aluminium and copper respectively as the plus plate current-collecting body 131
The material for stating negative current collector 141 is more suitable.
The negative electrode material 142 is coated in the surface of the negative current collector 141.Specifically, the negative electrode
Material 142 is coated in the negative current collector 141 close to the surface of the internal short-circuit trigger element 150.
In the embodiment of the application, the internal short-circuit trigger element 150 is set to 132 He of positive electrode material
Between the negative electrode material 142.The positive electrode material 132 and described negative is isolated in the internal short-circuit trigger element 150
Pole electrode material 142.
In the embodiment of the application, the internal short-circuit trigger element 150 includes diaphragm matrix 151 and phase transformation obturator
153。
The matrix of the diaphragm matrix 151 may include polyethylene.The capacity of the diaphragm matrix 151 can be 1Ah.
As shown in Fig. 2, the diaphragm matrix 151 offers through-hole 152 in the embodiment of the application.The phase transformation
Obturator 153 is attached at the surface of the diaphragm matrix 151.The phase transformation obturator 153 covers the through-hole 152.
Specifically, the through-hole 152 can be one, and the through-hole 152 may be multiple.Each described phase transformation is filled out
It fills body 153 and covers each described through-hole 152.The phase transformation obturator 153 is by attaching and in the table of the diaphragm matrix 151
Face simultaneously covers the through-hole 152, so that the internal short-circuit triggers battery under normal temperature state, 132 He of positive electrode material
The negative electrode material 142 is isolated and insulate good.It is appreciated that the internal short-circuit triggering battery is in normal work at this moment
Make state.
In the embodiment of the application, the through-hole 152 is circle.The phase transformation obturator 153 is sheet.The phase
The bottom surface for becoming obturator 153 covers the through-hole 152.
In the embodiment of the application, the thickness of the phase transformation obturator 153 can be 200 microns.
The thickness of the phase transformation obturator 153 is typically small, does not influence lithium ion mobility process, so that the internal short-circuit touches
Generate electricity pond realization normally de- lithium and process of intercalation.
In the embodiment of the application, the bottom surface of the phase transformation obturator 153 is circle.The phase transformation obturator 153
Basal diameter be greater than the through-hole 152 diameter.
In the embodiment of the application, the basal diameter of the phase transformation obturator 153 is 6 millimeters.The through-hole 152
Diameter is 4 millimeters.
The basal diameter of the phase transformation obturator 153 is typically small so that 153 overall dimensions of phase transformation obturator compared with
It is small, lithium ion mobility process is not influenced, so that internal short-circuit triggering battery realizes normally de- lithium and process of intercalation.
In the embodiment of the application, the phase transformation obturator 153 has foam porosity.
Fig. 3 is the microstructure schematic diagram of the foam porosity of phase transformation obturator described in the present embodiment 153.Such as Fig. 3
Shown, specifically, the foam porosity is mutually communicated or closed hole is constituted by multiple.The boundary of described hole or table
Face is made of pillar or plate.Described hole is polygon.The foam porosity can for Two dimensional foam porous structure and
Three-dimensional foam porous structure.The Two dimensional foam porous structure is that multiple described holes assemble the two dimension knot formed in the plane
Structure.The three-dimensional foam porous structure is the three-dimensional structure that formation is spatially assembled in multiple cavities.
The foam porosity has excellent insulating properties.The foam porosity makes the phase transformation obturator
153 is identical as the effect of the diaphragm matrix 151 under normal temperature state.That is, the foam porosity can isolate it is described just
Pole electrode material 132 and the negative electrode material 142, so that internal short-circuit triggering battery is normal under normal temperature state
Work.
In addition, the foam porosity can make the internal short-circuit triggering battery complete under normal temperature state normally
De- lithium and process of intercalation.That is, the foam porosity can make internal short-circuit triggering battery under normal temperature state, in electrolyte
Lithium ion can effectively pass through the phase transformation obturator 153.
In conclusion the foam porosity has the advantages that the foam porosity makes in described
Short circuit triggering battery works normally under normal temperature state, charge and discharge.
In the embodiment of the application, the material of the phase transformation obturator 153 is paraffin, barium hydroxide and three water
One of sodium acetate.
The material of the phase transformation obturator 153 can be phase-change material.The material of the phase transformation obturator 153 can also be by
Metal is combined with phase-change material.The phase transformation obturator 153 uses phase-change material, the beneficial effect is that: institute can be made
Phase transformation can be generated under the preset temperature by stating phase transformation obturator 153, and then lose its original form (such as solid-state phase changes material
Material melts under fusing point, forms liquid state phase change material).
In the embodiment of the application, the phase transformation obturator 153 is set as to melt under the preset temperature,
The preset temperature is located in 40 degree Celsius of -100 degree Celsius range.The preset temperature is 153 material of phase transformation obturator
Fusing point.
In the embodiment of the application, the material of the phase transformation obturator 153 includes nickel foam and paraffin.The foam
Substrate of the nickel as the phase transformation obturator 153.The paraffin is as composite material.In the present embodiment, the preset temperature
For in 56 degree Celsius of -58 degree Celsius range.
When reaching the preset temperature, the phase transformation obturator 153 melts the internal short-circuit triggering battery.The diaphragm
The through-hole 152 on matrix 151 loses the covering of the phase transformation obturator 153.It is appreciated that the anode electrode at this time
Material 132 and the negative electrode material 142 directly contact, and trigger internal short-circuit phenomenon.
It should be noted that the connection relationship of the phase transformation obturator 153 and the diaphragm matrix 151 may not necessarily be made to have
Body limits, as long as the surface that the phase transformation obturator 153 can be attached at the diaphragm matrix 151 may be implemented, and covers institute
State through-hole 152.
In the embodiment of the application, the phase transformation obturator 153 is fixed on the diaphragm by battery terminal adhesive tape
On matrix 151, so that the phase transformation obturator 153 is attached at the surface of the diaphragm matrix 151 and the covering through-hole 152.
In the embodiment of the application, the phase transformation obturator 153 can be bonded naturally with the diaphragm matrix 151.
For the phase transformation obturator 153 when being bonded naturally with the diaphragm matrix 151, the phase transformation obturator 153 covers the through-hole
152.It is wound in the battery battery core 100 or during lamination, can produce extruding force.The extruding force can make
The phase transformation obturator 153 is fixedly connected with the diaphragm matrix 151.
Above-mentioned internal short-circuit triggers battery, by manufacturing through-hole 152 on lithium ion battery separator matrix 151, and in through-hole
The covering of 152 positions has the phase transformation obturator 153 of foam porosity, in the base not destroyed to lithium ion battery integrality
On plinth, phase transformation obturator 153 is avoided to the issuable negative effect of inside battery lithium ion mobility, authentic and valid simulation
Internal short-circuit phenomenon in actual battery working environment.
As shown in figure 4, present invention also provides a kind of battery internal short-circuit triggering methods in the embodiment of the application.
The battery internal short-circuit triggering method includes the following steps:
S100 obtains the battery battery core 100 in the internal short-circuit triggering battery.
In the embodiment of the application, a lithium ion battery can be preselected.The lithium ion battery is to need
Carry out the lithium ion battery of internal short-circuit triggering safety evaluatio.
In the embodiment of the application, the finished battery of the selected lithium ion battery in glove box or can be done
It is disassembled in dry room, obtains the battery battery core 100 in the selected lithium ion battery.In the embodiment of the application,
The temperature of the drying shed is 25 degrees Celsius.The dew-point temperature of the drying shed is subzero 40 degrees Celsius.
In the embodiment of the application, in semi-finished product battery that the selected lithium ion battery can be directly acquired
The battery battery core 100.The semi-finished product battery, which refers to that the battery battery core 100 is also unencapsulated, becomes the finished battery.
The semi-finished product battery only includes the battery battery core 100 at this time, therefore need not disassemble the semi-finished product battery.
In the embodiment of the application, in the battery battery core 100 include the positive electrode material 132, it is described just
Pole collector 131, the negative electrode material 142, the negative current collector 141 and the diaphragm matrix 151.
In the embodiment of the application, the positive electrode material 132 is nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material.The negative electrode
Material 142 is graphite.The diaphragm matrix 151 has polyethylene matrix.The capacity of the diaphragm matrix 151 is 1Ah.
S200 cuts the diaphragm matrix 151 in the battery battery core 100, generates at least one through-hole 152.
In the embodiment of the application, the diaphragm matrix 151 is strip sheet, and the position of the through-hole 152 is in
The middle position of the diaphragm matrix 151.In the embodiment of the application, the diameter of the through-hole 152 is 4 millimeters.
S300 processes at least one phase transformation obturator 153, and the phase transformation obturator 153 is attached at the diaphragm
The surface of matrix 151 and the covering through-hole 152.
In the embodiment of the application, the material of the phase transformation obturator 153 is composite material.The phase transformation obturator
153 substrate is nickel foam.The material of the phase transformation obturator 153 further includes paraffin.It is described in the embodiment of the application
Phase transformation obturator 153 be disc-shaped, the phase transformation obturator 153 with a thickness of 200 microns.The circle of the phase transformation obturator 153
Shape basal diameter is 6 millimeters.
In the embodiment of the application, the structure of the phase transformation obturator 153 is foam porosity.
S400 again wraps around the battery battery core 100 or lamination, is packaged into the internal short-circuit triggering battery.
In the embodiment of the application, the S400 step specifically includes the step of battery battery core 100 is entered shell,
By the step of being encapsulated the step of 100 fluid injection of battery battery core and by the battery battery core 100.
S500, to the internal short-circuit triggering battery charging after encapsulation.
In the embodiment of the application, when executing the S500 step, the internal short-circuit after encapsulation can be touched
Power generation pond charges to full power state.
S600, to the internal short-circuit triggering battery heating after charging, heating temperature is the molten of the phase transformation obturator 153
Point.
In the embodiment of the application, the heating temperature can be greater than the fusing point of the phase transformation obturator 153.It is described
Heating temperature can be 100 degrees Celsius.
In the embodiment of the application, the internal short-circuit can be triggered in battery merging heater box, to the heating
Case is integrally heated.
In the embodiment of the application, the part that can trigger battery to the internal short-circuit is heated.It is described interior short
The part that battery is triggered on road is the position of the phase transformation obturator 153.
S700 measures the temperature data and voltage data of the internal short-circuit triggering battery, judges the internal short-circuit triggering electricity
Whether internal short-circuit phenomenon is triggered in pond.
Specifically, when being heated to the internal short-circuit triggering battery after charging, pass through and measure the internal short-circuit triggering electricity
The temperature data and voltage data in pond, judge whether the internal short-circuit triggering battery triggers internal short-circuit phenomenon.
In the embodiment of the application, the open circuit electricity of the internal short-circuit triggering battery can be measured by voltage sensor
Pressure triggers whether battery triggers internal short-circuit phenomenon to judge the internal short-circuit.If it exists under the voltage of the internal short-circuit triggering battery
The range of decrease spends fast or generation the phenomenon that be directly down to zero, can determine that the internal short-circuit triggers phenomenon.
In the embodiment of the application, the temperature of battery can be triggered by internal short-circuit described in thermocouple measurement to judge
Whether the internal short-circuit triggering battery triggers internal short-circuit phenomenon.The thermocouple can be multiple.The thermocouple is arranged in institute
State the surface of internal short-circuit triggering battery.The abnormal phenomenon of temperature ascensional range of the internal short-circuit triggering battery if it exists, can
Phenomenon is triggered with the determination internal short-circuit.
In the embodiment of the application, phenomenon on fire or spray valve phenomenon occur for the internal short-circuit triggering battery if it exists,
It can determine that the internal short-circuit triggers phenomenon.
In the embodiment of the application, the step S200 step further includes following steps:
S210 wipes portion corresponding with 152 position of through-hole in the battery battery core 100 using N-Methyl pyrrolidone
Divide positive electrode material 132 and/or part negative electrode material 142.
Specifically, the battery corresponding with 152 position of through-hole can be wiped by using N-Methyl pyrrolidone
Part positive electrode material 132 and/or part negative electrode material 142 in battery core 100, to realize that triggering is certain types of interior short
The purpose of road phenomenon.
In the embodiment of the application, for triggering, " 142 type internal short-circuit of plus plate current-collecting body 131- negative electrode material is existing
As ", part anode corresponding with 152 position of through-hole in the battery battery core 100 is wiped using N-Methyl pyrrolidone
Electrode material 132.
Under normal temperature state, the phase transformation obturator 153 that is pasted with can normally generate the effect of isolated insulation.At this point, institute
It states internal short-circuit triggering inside battery lithium ion normally to migrate, the internal short-circuit triggers normal battery operation.
(fusing point that temperature reaches 153 material of phase transformation obturator) at high operating temperatures, the phase transformation obturator 153 are molten
Change and generate phase transformation, through-hole 152 occurs in diaphragm matrix 151, and the plus plate current-collecting body 131 and the negative electrode material 142 are in institute
It states and is directly contacted at through-hole 152, to trigger " 142 type internal short-circuit phenomenon of plus plate current-collecting body 131- negative electrode material ".
It is appreciated that triggering the working principle of the embodiment of other certain types of internal short-circuit phenomenons and above-described embodiment
Identical, details are not described herein again.
In addition, the part positive electrode material (132) of erasing or the diameter of the part negative electrode material (142)
Greater than the diameter of the through-hole 152.
Above-mentioned battery internal short-circuit triggering method makes it generate through-hole by the diaphragm matrix 151 in cutting battery battery core 100
152, setting phase transformation obturator 153 attaches the surface of the diaphragm matrix 151, and the phase transformation obturator 153 is made to cover institute
Through-hole 152 is stated, is charged and heating after encapsulation internal short-circuit triggering battery to the internal short-circuit triggering battery after encapsulation, in realization
The generation of short circuit triggering phenomenon avoids phase transformation obturator 153 on the basis of not destroying to lithium ion battery integrality
To the issuable negative effect of inside battery lithium ion mobility, simulate truly and effectively interior in actual battery working environment
Short circuit phenomenon.
The limitation of the application the scope of the patents above described embodiment only expresses.It should be pointed out that for this field
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the concept of this application, various modifications and improvements can be made, these all belong to
In the protection scope of the application.Therefore, the scope of protection shall be subject to the appended claims for the application patent.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of internal short-circuit triggers battery characterized by comprising
Shell (110) defines a storage space (120)；
Anode electrode (130) is set to the storage space (120)；
Negative electrode (140) is set to the storage space (120)；
Internal short-circuit trigger element (150) is set between the anode electrode (130) and the negative electrode (140), and institute is isolated
State anode electrode (130) and the negative electrode (140)；
The internal short-circuit trigger element (150) is set as to melt under preset temperature.
2. internal short-circuit according to claim 1 triggers battery, which is characterized in that the anode electrode (130) includes:
Plus plate current-collecting body (131)；And
Positive electrode material (132) coated in the plus plate current-collecting body (131) surface, the positive electrode material (132) apply
Overlay on the surface of the plus plate current-collecting body (131) close to the internal short-circuit trigger element (150)；
The negative electrode (140) includes:
Negative current collector (141)；And
Negative electrode material (142) coated in the negative current collector surface (141), the negative electrode material (142) apply
Overlay on the surface of the negative current collector (141) close to the internal short-circuit trigger element (150)；
The internal short-circuit trigger element (150) is set to the positive electrode material (132) and the negative electrode material (142)
Between, the positive electrode material (132) and the negative electrode material (142) is isolated.
3. internal short-circuit according to claim 1 triggers battery, which is characterized in that internal short-circuit trigger element (150) packet
It includes:
Diaphragm matrix (151), the diaphragm matrix (151) offer through-hole (152)；
Phase transformation obturator (153) is attached at the surface of the diaphragm matrix (151) and the covering through-hole (152).
4. internal short-circuit according to claim 3 triggers battery, which is characterized in that the through-hole (152) is circle, the phase
Become obturator (153) as sheet, the bottom surface of the phase transformation obturator (153) covers the through-hole (152).
5. internal short-circuit according to claim 4 triggers battery, which is characterized in that the bottom surface of the phase transformation obturator (153)
For circle, the basal diameter of the phase transformation obturator (153) is greater than the diameter of the through-hole (152).
6. internal short-circuit according to claim 5 triggers battery, which is characterized in that the phase transformation obturator (153) has bubble
Foam porous structure.
7. internal short-circuit according to claim 5 triggers battery, which is characterized in that the phase transformation obturator (153) is set as
It can be melted under the preset temperature, the preset temperature is located in 40 degree Celsius of -100 degree Celsius range.
8. internal short-circuit according to claim 5 triggers battery, which is characterized in that the phase transformation obturator (153) passes through electricity
Pond terminal adhesive tape is fixed on the diaphragm matrix (151), so that the phase transformation obturator (153) is attached at the diaphragm matrix
(151) surface and the covering through-hole (152).
9. a kind of battery internal short-circuit triggering method is applied to the described in any item internal short-circuits of claim 1-8 and triggers battery, special
Sign is that the battery internal short-circuit triggering method includes:
Obtain the battery battery core (100) in battery；
The diaphragm matrix (151) in the battery battery core (100) is cut, at least one through-hole (152) is generated；
At least one phase transformation obturator (153) is processed, and the phase transformation obturator (153) is attached at the diaphragm matrix
(151) surface and the covering through-hole (152)；
The battery battery core (100) is again wrapped around or lamination, the internal short-circuit triggering battery is packaged into；
To internal short-circuit triggering battery charging；
To the internal short-circuit triggering battery heating after charging, heating temperature is the fusing point of the phase transformation obturator (153)；
The temperature data and voltage data for measuring the internal short-circuit triggering battery, judge whether the internal short-circuit triggering battery triggers
Internal short-circuit phenomenon.
10. battery internal short-circuit triggering method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the cutting battery battery core
(100) diaphragm matrix (151) in, the step of generating at least one through-hole (152) further include:
Part corresponding with the through-hole (152) position is being wiped in the battery battery core (100) just using N-Methyl pyrrolidone
Pole electrode material (132) and/or part negative electrode material (142).
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